(A.D. 978.)
[Anglican Martyrologies, also modern Anglican Kalendar. Roman
Martyrology. The elevation of his body, June 20th; his translation,
Feb. 18th. Authorities:--The Chronicle of John of Brompton, Osbern of
Canterbury, William of Malmesbury.]
In the year 975, King Edgar died, and was buried at Glastonbury. He had
been twice married. His first wife was the beautiful Ethelfleda, who
died shortly after the birth of her son Edward. After her death Edgar
married, in 964, Elfrida, daughter of Ordgar, earl of Devonshire, and
she became the mother of two sons by him, Edmund, who died young, and
Ethelred. As soon as king Edgar was dead, Edward, who was thirteen
years old, a good youth, upright in all his dealings, and fearing
God, was elected to the crown, much to the discontent of Elfrida, who
desired to see her son Ethelred on the throne.
[Illustration: MURDER OF S. EDWARD.
March 18.]
In the year 979, when Edward was aged seventeen, he was murdered. Now,
certainly he was not a martyr for the Christian faith, nor for right
and truth in any shape; but he was a good youth, and was unjustly
and cruelly killed, so people looked on him as a saint, and called
him Edward the Martyr. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle greatly laments
his death, and says that a worse deed had never been done since the
English came into Britain. It does not, however, say who killed him,
but only that he was killed at eventide, at Corfe Castle. Henry of
Huntingdon says that king Edward was killed by his own people;
Florence of Worcester, that he was killed by his own people by order
of his step-mother, Elfrida. William of Malmesbury, in one part of his
book, says he was killed by earl Elfhere, but this is improbable, as no
reason for such an act appears. But in recording his death, Malmesbury
attributes the crime to Elfrida, and tells the story thus:--
When Edward was elected, Elfrida hated him, because she wished her
own son, Ethelred, to be king, and she ever sought how she might slay
Edward. Now, one day the young king was hunting in Dorsetshire, hard by
the castle of Corfe, where Elfrida and Ethelred her son dwelt. And the
king was weary and thirsty, so he turned away alone from his hunting,
and said, "Now will I go to rest myself at Corfe, with my step-mother
Elfrida, and my brother Ethelred." So king Edward rode to the gate of
the house, and Elfrida came out to meet him, and kissed him. And he
said, "Give me to drink, for I am thirsty." And Elfrida commanded,
and they brought him a cup, and he drank eagerly. But while he drank,
Elfrida made a sign to her servant, and he stabbed the king with a
dagger; and when the king felt the wound, he set spurs to his horse,
and tried to join his comrades, who were hunting. But he slipped from
his horse, and his leg caught in the stirrup, so he was dragged along
till he died, and the track of his blood showed whither he had gone.
And Elfrida bade that he should be buried in Wareham, but not in holy
ground, nor with any royal pomp. But a light from heaven shone over
his grave, and wonders were wrought there. But when the child Ethelred
heard of his brother's murder, he began to cry and bewail him, for
Edward had always been very kind to the little boy. His mother, stung
by her conscience, and angry with him for his lamentations, rushed on
the child to beat him, and having no stick at hand, she pulled a wax
candle out of its socket, and thrashed him with it. But afterwards,
when she heard of the mighty works which were done at the grave of king
Edward, how the sick were healed, and the lame walked, she resolved to
go and see the miracles with her own eyes. But when she mounted her
horse to ride, the horse would not stir. So Elfrida's hard heart was
shaken, and she became alarmed about her sin that she had committed,
and she retired into the convent of Wherwell, that she might repent in
ashes the wickedness she had done. The body was afterwards translated
to the minster at Shaftesbury (June 20th).
S. Edward is usually drawn with a youthful countenance, having the
insignia of royalty, with a cup in one hand and a dagger in the other.
Sometimes he has a sceptre instead of the cup; and at other times a
falcon, in allusion to his last hunt.
[Illustration: Image of Saint (or Christ) with scroll reading "BEATI
PAUPERES SPIRITU.]
[Illustration: S. JOSEPH, HUSBAND OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY. From the
Vienna Missal. March 19.]
March 19.
S. JOSEPH, _Husband of the B. Virgin Mary, before_ A.D. 30.
SS. QUINTUS, QUINTILLIUS, AND COMP., _MM. at Sorrento_.
S. PANCHARIUS, _M. at Nicomedia, 3rd cent._
S. JOHN, _Ab. at Civita-di-Penne, near Spoleto, 4th cent._
S. LEONTIUS, _B. of Saintes in France, 6th cent._
S. LACTEAN, _Ab. in Ireland_, A.D. 622.
SS. LANDOALD, P.C., AMANTIUS, D., AND ADRIAN, _M. at Wintershoven,
in Belgium, 8th cent._
S. ALEMUND, _M. at Derby_, A.D. 800.