=General Treatment.=—Eliminate if possible by emetics, as zinc
sulphate, 10 to 20 grains; copper sulphate, 5 grains; or hypodermic
injection of apomorphin, ⅒ grain. Use stomach-pump or -tube where
vomiting cannot be produced, observing great care if irritant poison
has caused injury to tissues. In cardiac failure give stimulants. In
narcosis keep patient awake. In threatened paralysis of respiratory
movements use alternate hot and cold spray to chest, slapping, and
artificial respiration. Ammonia, atropin, caffein, and strychnin are
useful respiratory stimulants.
=Acetanilid.=—Emetic; rest in recumbent position;
stimulants—ammonia and strychnin; artificial
respiration; oxygen inhalations; external heat.
=Acid, Carbolic.=—Alcohol or Epsom salt as an
antidote. Three or four ounces of diluted alcohol,
followed by lavage with a solution of Epsom salt;
external heat; demulcents; stimulants hypodermically.
=Acid, Hydrocyanic.=—Fresh air; artificial
respiration; oxygen inhalations; ammonia by inhalation
and by intravenous injection.
=Acid, Oxalic.=—Chalk or lime as an antidote;
demulcents, like oil or egg-albumin.
=Acids, Mineral.=—Chalk, magnesia, soap, or
white-wash from wall to neutralize poison; demulcent
drinks—bland oils or egg-white; stimulants
hypodermically.
=Aconite.=—Recumbent position; empty stomach with
pump with patient flat on back; external heat;
stimulants—alcohol, ammonia, strychnin—hypodermically.
=Ammonia.=—Vinegar with lemon-juice to neutralize the
poison; white of egg or oil to allay irritation.
=Anilin Dyes.=—Give plenty of warm water to induce
emesis; place patient in recumbent position; loosen
clothing and permit free circulation of fresh air.
=Antimony (Tartar Emetic).=—Tannic acid as an
antidote; use stomach-pump; external heat; stimulants.
=Antipyrin.=—Same as Acetanilid.
=Arsenic.=—Stomach-pump or an emetic; freshly
precipitated ferric hydrate (tablespoonful every ten
minutes) made by adding magnesia to any iron solution;
demulcents—oil or egg-albumin.
=Atropin.=—Same as Belladonna.
=Belladonna.=—Emetic or stomach-pump; tannic acid as
an antidote; cold to head; enema of warm black coffee.
=Camphor.=—Empty the stomach; apply a hot-water bag to
the abdomen, and stimulate the patient if necessary.
=Cantharides.=—Emetic or stomach-pump; egg-white;
mucilaginous drinks in abundance; _avoid all oily
substances_.
=Chloroform.=—Withdrawal of drug; lowering of head;
pulling tongue forward; artificial respiration;
stimulants—strychnin, digitalis, ammonia.
=Cocain.=—Empty the stomach by means of the
stomach-pump or an emetic. Stimulate patient and
administer artificial respiration.
=Colchicum.=—Stomach-pump or emetic; external heat;
white of egg; stimulants; opium for pain.
=Copper Sulphate.=—Yellow prussiate of potassium,
soap, or magnesia; milk and albumin freely; opium for
pain.
=Corrosive Sublimate.=—White of egg freely; milk;
emetic or stomach-pump; opium for pain.
=Creosote.=—Same as Carbolic acid.
=Croton Oil.=—Emetic; mucilaginous drinks; opium.
=Cyanide of Potassium.=—Same as Hydrocyanic acid.
=Digitalis.=—Recumbent position; stomach-pump with
patient recumbent; external heat; tannic acid.
=Elaterium.=—Emetic; external heat; demulcents; opium.
=Ergot.=—Empty stomach; copious drafts of warm water,
coffee, or tea; quick purgative (croton oil); place
patient in recumbent position; give hot sponge-bath and
apply friction to the body.
=Gas, Illuminating.=—Fresh air; artificial
respiration; oxygen inhalations; injections of ammonia
and strychnin.
=Iodin.=—Starch-paste as an antidote; emetic; external
heat; demulcents; opium.
=Lead Salts.=—Epsom salt as antidote; emetic; milk or
egg-white.
=Lobelia.=—External heat; tannic acid; stomach-pump;
stimulants.
=Matches.=—Same as Phosphorus.
=Morphin.=—Same as Opium.
=Mushroom, poisonous (Toad-stools).=—Emetics; atropin
(¹/₁₀₀ gr.) hypodermically; castor oil; stimulants.
=Nux Vomica.=—Same as Strychnin.
=Opium.=—Stomach-pump or emetic; repeated lavage;
black coffee enema; potassium permanganate (5 gr.) in
tumblerful of water, or tannic acid as an antidote; keep
patient awake with cold affusions or electric brush;
artificial respiration; respiratory stimulants—atropin,
ammonia, strychnin, cocain, caffein.
=Phenacetin.=—Same as Acetanilid.
=Phosphorus.=—Copper sulphate as an emetic; dilute
peroxid of hydrogen or potassium permanganate as an
antidote; Epsom salt as a purge; _avoid all oils and
fatty substances_.
=Potassa or Soda (Lye).=—Vinegar or lemon-juice as an
antidote; oils or egg-white; opium.
=Ptomain Poisoning.=—Empty the stomach by means of the
stomach-pump or by an emetic. Apply a hot-water bag to
the abdomen. Give opium or morphin to allay the pain and
check diarrhea. Give a large dose of castor oil.
=Rat Poison.=—This usually contains arsenic or
phosphorus (q. v.).
=Silver Nitrate.=—Solution of common salt as antidote;
emetic; demulcent drinks. Silver nitrate stains on the
skin may be whitened and their removal much expedited
by the application of a solution made according to the
following formula:
Mercury bichlorid, gr. v;
Ammonium chlorid, gr. v;
Aqua, ʒij.
=Stramonium.=—Same as Belladonna.
=Strychnin.=—Absolute quiet; if convulsions have
begun, do not use stomach-pump unless the patient first
be etherized; tannic acid as antidote; inhalations of
chloroform or amyl nitrite for convulsions; potassium
bromid (ʒj) and chloral (gr. xxx) by mouth or rectum.
=Tobacco.=—Emetic; external heat; stimulants.