||Phen`o*ga"mi*a (?), n. pl. (Bot.) Same as PhÊnogamia.
{ Phen`o*ga"mi*an (?), Phen`o*gam"ic (?), Phe*nog"a*mous (?) }, a. Same
as PhÊnogamian, PhÊnogamic, etc.
Phe"nol (?), n. [Gr. &?; to show + - ol: cf. F. phÈnol.] (Chem.) 1. A
white or pinkish crystalline substance, C6H5OH, produced by the
destructive distillation of many organic bodies, as wood, coal, etc.,
and obtained from the heavy oil from coal tar.
It has a peculiar odor, somewhat resembling creosote, which is a
complex mixture of phenol derivatives. It is of the type of alcohols,
and is called also phenyl alcohol, but has acid properties, and hence
is popularly called carbolic acid, and was formerly called phenic acid.
It is a powerful caustic poison, and in dilute solution has been used
as an antiseptic.
2. Any one of the series of hydroxyl derivatives of which phenol proper
is the type.
Glacial phenol (Chem.), pure crystallized phenol or carbolic acid. --
Phenol acid (Chem.), any one of a series of compounds which are at once
derivatives of both phenol and some member of the fatty acid series;
thus, salicylic acid is a phenol acid. -- Phenol alcohol (Chem.), any
one of series of derivatives of phenol and carbinol which have the
properties of both combined; thus, saligenin is a phenol alcohol. --
Phenol aldehyde (Chem.), any one of a series of compounds having both
phenol and aldehyde properties. - - Phenol phthalein. See under
Phthalein.
Phe"no*late (?), n. [Phenol + -ate.] (Chem.) A compound of phenol
analogous to a salt.
Phe*nom"e*nal (?), a. [Cf. F. phÈnomÈnal.] Relating to, or of the
nature of, a phenomenon; hence, extraordinary; wonderful; as, a
phenomenal memory. -- Phe*nom"e*nal*ly, adv.
Phe*nom"e*nal*ism (?), n. (Metaph.) That theory which limits positive
or scientific knowledge to phenomena only, whether material or
spiritual.
Phe*nom"e*nist (?), n. One who believes in the theory of phenomenalism.
Phe*nom`e*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Phenomenon + -logy: cf. F. phÈnomÈnologie.]
A description, history, or explanation of phenomena. "The phenomenology
of the mind." Sir W. Hamilton.
Phe*nom"e*non (?), n.; pl. Phenomena (#). [L. phaenomenon, Gr.
faino`menon, fr. fai`nesqai to appear, fai`nein to show. See Phantom.]
1. An appearance; anything visible; whatever, in matter or spirit, is
apparent to, or is apprehended by, observation; as, the phenomena of
heat, light, or electricity; phenomena of imagination or memory.
In the phenomena of the material world, and in many of the
phenomena of mind.
Stewart.
2. That which strikes one as strange, unusual, or unaccountable; an
extraordinary or very remarkable person, thing, or occurrence; as, a
musical phenomenon.
Phe"nose` (?), n. [Phenyl + dextrose.] (Chem.) A sweet amorphous
deliquescent substance obtained indirectly from benzene, and isometric
with, and resembling, dextrose.
Phe"nyl (?), n. [Gr. &?; to bring to light + -yl: cf. F. phÈnyle. So
called because it is a by-product of illuminating gas.] (Chem.) A
hydrocarbon radical (C6H5) regarded as the essential residue of
benzene, and the basis of an immense number of aromatic derivatives.
Phenyl hydrate (Chem.), phenol or carbolic acid. -- Phenyl hydrazine
(Chem.), a nitrogenous base (C6H5.N2H3) produced artificially as a
colorless oil which unites with acids, ketones, etc., to form
well-crystallized compounds.
Phe`nyl*am"ine (?), n. [Phenyl + amine.] (Chem.) Any one of certain
class of organic bases regarded as formed from ammonia by the
substitution of phenyl for hydrogen.
Phe"nyl*ene (?), n. (Chem.) A hypothetic radical (C6H4) occurring in
certain derivatives of benzene; as, phenylene diamine.
Phe*nyl"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or containing,
phenyl.
Phenylic alcohol (Chem.), phenol.
Phe"on (?), n. [Prob. from Old French.] (Her.) A bearing representing
the head of a dart or javelin, with long barbs which are engrailed on
the inner edge.
Phi"al (?), n. [F. fiole, L. phiala a broad, flat, shallow cup or bowl,
Gr. &?;. cf. Vial.] A glass vessel or bottle, especially a small bottle
for medicines; a vial.
Phi"al, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Phialed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Phialing.] To
put or keep in, or as in, a phial.
Its phial'd wrath may fate exhaust.
Shenstone.
Phil"a*beg (?), n. See Filibeg.
Phil`a*del"phi*an (?), a. [Gr. filadelfia brotherly love, from
fila`delfos brotherly; fi`los loved, loving, friendly + 'adelfo`s
brother.] Of or pertaining to Ptolemy Philadelphus, or to one of the
cities named Philadelphia, esp. the modern city in Pennsylvania.
Phil`a*del"phi*an, n. 1. A native or an inhabitant of Philadelphia.
2. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a society of mystics of the seventeenth
century, -- called also the Family of Love. Tatler.
Phil`a*le"thist (?), n. [Philo- + Gr. &?; truth.] A lover of the truth.
[Obs.] Brathwait.
Phi*lan"der (?), v. i. [Gr. &?; fond of men; &?; loving + &?; man.] To
make love to women; to play the male flirt.
You can't go philandering after her again.
G. Eliot.
Phi*lan"der, n. A lover. [R.] Congreve.
Phi*lan"der, n. (Zoˆl.) (a) A South American opossum (Didelphys
philander). (b) An Australian bandicoot (Perameles lagotis).
Phi*lan"der*er (?), n. One who hangs about women; a male flirt. [R.] C.
Kingsley.
Phil"an*thrope (?), n. [F.] A philanthropist. [Obs.] R. North.
{ Phil`an*throp"ic (?), Phil`an*throp"ic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F.
philanthropique.] Of or pertaining to philanthropy; characterized by
philanthropy; loving or helping mankind; as, a philanthropic
enterprise. -- Phil`an*throp"ic*al*ly, adv.
Phil`an*throp"i*nism (?), n. A system of education on so-called natural
principles, attempted in Germany in the last century by Basedow, of
Dessau.
Phil`an*throp"i*nist (?), n. An advocate of, or believer in,
philanthropinism.
Phi*lan"thro*pist (?), n. [Gr. &?;; &?; loving + &?; man: cf. F.
philanthrope.] One who practices philanthropy; one who loves mankind,
and seeks to promote the good of others.
Phi*lan`thro*pis"tic (?), a. Pertaining to, or characteristic of, a
philanthropist. [R.] Carlyle.
Phi*lan"thro*py (?), n. [L. philanthropia, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
philanthropie.] Love to mankind; benevolence toward the whole human
family; universal good will; desire and readiness to do good to all
men; -- opposed to misanthropy. Jer. Taylor.
Phil`a*tel"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to philately.
Phi*lat"e*list (?), n. One versed in philately; one who collects
postage stamps.
Phi*lat"e*ly (?), n. [Philo- + Gr. &?; exemption from tax; cf. frank to
send free.] The collection of postage stamps of various issues.
Phil"a*to*ry (?), n. [OF. filatiere, philatiere. See Phylactery.]
(Eccl.) A kind of transparent reliquary with an ornamental top.
Phil"au*ty (?), n. [Gr. &?;; &?; loving + &?; self.] Self-love;
selfishness. [Obs.] Beaumont.
Phil`har*mon"ic (?), a. [Philo- + Gr. &?; harmony: cf. F.
philharmonique.] Loving harmony or music.
Phil*hel"lene (?), n. A friend of Greece, or of the Greeks; a
philhellenist. Emerson.
Phil`hel*len"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to philhellenism.
Phil*hel"len*ism (?), n. Love of Greece.
Phil*hel"len*ist, n. [Philo- + Gr. &?; a Greek: cf. F. philhellËne.] A
friend of Greece; one who supports the cause of the Greeks;
particularly, one who supported them in their struggle for independence
against the Turks; a philhellene.