Pha*rol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?; a lighthouse + -logy.] The art or science
which treats of lighthouses and signal lights.
Pha"ros (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; an island in the Bay of
Alexandria, where king Ptolemy Philadelphus built a famous lighthouse.]
A lighthouse or beacon for the guidance of seamen.
He . . . built a pharos, or lighthouse.
Arbuthnot.
Pha*ryn"gal (?), a. Pharyngeal. H. Sweet.
Phar`yn*ge"al (?), a. [See Pharynx.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the
pharynx; in the region of the pharynx.
Phar`yn*ge"al, n. (Anat.) A pharyngeal bone or cartilage; especially,
one of the lower pharyngeals, which belong to the rudimentary fifth
branchial arch in many fishes, or one of the upper pharyngeals, or
pharyngobranchials, which are the dorsal elements in the complete
branchial arches.
||Phar`yn*gi"tis (?), n. [NL. See Pharynx, and -itis.] (Med.)
||Inflammation of the pharynx.
Pha*ryn`go*bran"chi*al (?), a. [Pharynx + branchial.] (Anat.) Of or
pertaining to the pharynx and the branchiÊ; -- applied especially to
the dorsal elements in the branchial arches of fishes. See Pharyngeal.
-- n. A pharyngobranchial, or upper pharyngeal, bone or cartilage.
||Pha*ryn`go*bran"chi*i (?), n. pl. [NL. See Pharynx, and Branchia.]
||(Zoˆl.) Same as Leptocardia.
||Phar`yn*gog"na*thi (?), n. pl. [NL. See Pharynx, and Gnathic.]
||(Zoˆl.) A division of fishes in which the lower pharyngeal bones are
||united. It includes the scaroid, labroid, and embioticoid fishes.
Pha*ryn`go*lar`yn*ge"al (?), a. [Pharynx + laryngeal.] Of or pertaining
both to pharynx and the larynx.
||Pha*ryn`gop*neus"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; the pharynx + &?;
||to breathe.] (Zoˆl.) A group of invertebrates including the Tunicata
||and Enteropneusta. -- Pha*ryn`gop*neus"tal (#), a.
Pha*ryn"go*tome (?), n. (Surg.) An instrument for incising or
scarifying the tonsils, etc.
Phar`yn*got"o*my (?), n. [Pharynx + Gr. &?; to cut: cf. F.
pharyngotomie.] (Surg.) (a) The operation of making an incision into
the pharynx, to remove a tumor or anything that obstructs the passage.
(b) Scarification or incision of the tonsils.
Phar"ynx (?), n.; pl. pharynges (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;: cf. F.
pharynx.] (Anat.) The part of the alimentary canal between the cavity
of the mouth and the esophagus. It has one or two external openings
through the nose in the higher vertebrates, and lateral branchial
openings in fishes and some amphibias.
Phas"co*lome (?), n. [Gr. &?; pouch + &?; mouse.] (Zoˆl.) A marsupial
of the genus Phascolomys; a wombat.
Phase (?), n.; pl. Phases (#). [NL. phasis, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to make to
appear: cf. F. phase. See Phenomenon, Phantom, and Emphasis.] 1. That
which is exhibited to the eye; the appearance which anything manifests,
especially any one among different and varying appearances of the same
object.
2. Any appearance or aspect of an object of mental apprehension or
view; as, the problem has many phases.
3. (Astron.) A particular appearance or state in a regularly recurring
cycle of changes with respect to quantity of illumination or form of
enlightened disk; as, the phases of the moon or planets. See Illust.
under Moon.
4. (Physics) Any one point or portion in a recurring series of changes,
as in the changes of motion of one of the particles constituting a wave
or vibration; one portion of a series of such changes, in distinction
from a contrasted portion, as the portion on one side of a position of
equilibrium, in contrast with that on the opposite side.
Pha"sel (?), n. [L. phaselus, phaseolus, Gr. &?;, &?;: cf. F. phasÈole,
fasÈole. Cf. Fesels.] The French bean, or kidney bean.
Phase"less (?), a. Without a phase, or visible form. [R.] "A phaseless
and increasing gloom." Poe.
||Pha*se"o*lus (?), n. [L.] (Bot.) A genus of leguminous plants,
||including the Lima bean, the kidney bean, the scarlet runner, etc.
||See Bean.
Pha`se*o*man"nite (?), n. [So called because found in the unripe fruit
of the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris).] (Chem.) Same as Inosite.
||Pha"sis (?), n.; pl. Phases (#). [NL.] See Phase. Creech.
{ Phasm (?), Phas"ma (?), } n. [L. phasma, Gr. &?;. See Phase.] An
apparition; a phantom; an appearance. [R.] Hammond. Sir T. Herbert.
Phas"mid (?), n. [See Phasm. Probably so called from its mimicking, or
appearing like, inanimate objects.] (Zoˆl.) Any orthopterous insect of
the family PhasmidÊ, as a leaf insect or a stick insect.
Phas"sa*chate (?), n. [Gr. &?; the wood pigeon + &?; the agate.] (Min.)
The lead-colored agate; -- so called in reference to its color.
Phat"a*gin (?), n. [Cf. Gr. &?;; perhaps from native name.] (Zoˆl.) The
long-tailed pangolin (Manis tetradactyla); -- called also ipi.
Pheas"ant (?), n. [OE. fesant, fesaunt, OF. faisant, faisan, F. faisan,
L. phasianus, Gr. &?; (sc. &?;) the Phasian bird, pheasant, fr. &?; a
river in Colchis or Pontus.] 1. (Zoˆl.) Any one of numerous species of
large gallinaceous birds of the genus Phasianus, and many other genera
of the family PhasianidÊ, found chiefly in Asia.
The common, or English, pheasant (Phasianus Colchicus) is now found
over most of temperate Europe, but was introduced from Asia. The
ring-necked pheasant (P. torquatus) and the green pheasant (P.
versicolor) have been introduced into Oregon. The golden pheasant
(Thaumalea picta) is one of the most beautiful species. The silver
pheasant (Euplocamus nychthemerus) of China, and several related
species from Southern Asia, are very beautiful.