||Per`i*the"ci*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; around + &?; box.] (Bot.)
||An organ in certain fungi and lichens, surrounding and enveloping the
||masses of fructification. Henslow.
Pe*rit"o*mous (?), a. [Gr. &?; cut off all around. See Peri-, and
Tome.] (Min.) Cleaving in more directions than one, parallel to the
axis.
Per`i*to*nÊ"um (?), n. (Anat.) Same as Peritoneum.
Per`i*to*ne"al (?), a. [Cf. F. pÈritonÈal.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to
the peritoneum.
Per`i*to*ne"um (?), n. [L. peritoneum, peritonaeum, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr.
&?; to stretch all around or over; &?; around + &?; to stretch.]
(Anat.) The smooth serous membrane which lines the cavity of the
abdomen, or the whole body cavity when there is no diaphragm, and,
turning back, surrounds the viscera, forming a closed, or nearly
closed, sac. [Written also peritonÊum.]
||Per`i*to*ni"tis (?), n. [NL. See Peritoneum, and -itis.] (Med.)
||Inflammation of the peritoneum.
Per`i*tra"che*al (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Surrounding the tracheÊ.
Per"i*treme (?), n. [Pref. peri- + Gr. &?; a hole.] (Zoˆl.) (a) That
part of the integument of an insect which surrounds the spiracles. (b)
The edge of the aperture of a univalve shell.
||Pe*rit"ri*cha (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; about + &?;, &?;, hair.]
||(Zoˆl.) A division of ciliated Infusoria having a circle of cilia
||around the oral disk and sometimes another around the body. It
||includes the vorticellas. See Vorticella.
||Per`i*tro"chi*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;; &?; around + &?; a
||wheel.] (Mech.) The wheel which, together with the axle, forms the
||axis in peritrochio, which see under Axis.
Per*it"ro*pal (?), a. [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to turn around; &?; around +
&?; to turn: cf. F. pÈritrope.] 1. Rotatory; circuitous. [R.]
2. Having the axis of the seed perpendicular to the axis of the
pericarp to which it is attached.
Per*it"ro*pous (?), a. Peritropal.
||Per`i*typh*li"tis (?), n. [NL. See Peri-, and Typhlitis.] (Med.)
||Inflammation of the connective tissue about the cÊcum.
Per`i*u"ter*ine (?), a. (Med.) Surrounding the uterus.
Per`i*vas"cu*lar (?), a. Around the blood vessels; as, perivascular
lymphatics.
Per`i*ver"te*bral (?), a. (Anat.) Surrounding the vertebrÊ.
Per`i*vis"cer*al (?), a. (Anat.) Around the viscera; as, the
perivisceral cavity.
Per`i*vi*tel"line (?), a. [Pref. peri- + vitelline.] (Biol.) Situated
around the vitellus, or between the vitellus and zona pellucida of an
ovum.
Per"i*wig (?), n. [OE. perrwige, perwicke, corrupt. fr. F. perruque;
cf. OD. peruyk, from French. See Peruke, and cf. Wig.] A headdress of
false hair, usually covering the whole head, and representing the
natural hair; a wig. Shak.
Per"i*wig, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Perwigged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Perwigging (?).] To dress with a periwig, or with false hair. Swift.
Per"i*win`kle (?), n. [From AS. pinewincla a shellfish, in which pine-
is fr. L. pina, pinna, a kind of mussel, akin to Gr. &?;. Cf. Winkle.]
(Zoˆl.) Any small marine gastropod shell of the genus Littorina. The
common European species (Littorina littorea), in Europe extensively
used as food, has recently become naturalized abundantly on the
American coast. See Littorina.
In America the name is often applied to several large univalves, as
Fulgur carica, and F. canaliculata.
Per"i*win`kle, n. [OE. pervenke, AS. pervince, fr. L. pervinca.] (Bot.)
A trailing herb of the genus Vinca.
The common perwinkle (Vinca minor) has opposite evergreen leaves and
solitary blue or white flowers in their axils. In America it is often
miscalled myrtle. See under Myrtle.
Per"jen*et (?), n. [Cf. Pear, and Jenneting.] A kind of pear. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Per"jure (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Perjured (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Perjuring.] [F. parjurer, L. perjurare, perjerare; per through, over +
jurare to swear. See Jury.] 1. To cause to violate an oath or a vow; to
cause to make oath knowingly to what is untrue; to make guilty of
perjury; to forswear; to corrupt; -- often used reflexively; as, he
perjured himself.
Want will perjure The ne'er-touched vestal.
Shak.
2. To make a false oath to; to deceive by oaths and protestations.
[Obs.]
And with a virgin innocence did pray For me, that perjured her.
J. Fletcher.
Syn. -- To Perjure, Forswear. These words have been used
interchangeably; but there is a tendency to restrict perjure to that
species of forswearing which constitutes the crime of perjury at law,
namely, the willful violation of an oath administered by a magistrate
or according to law.
Per"jure, n. [L. perjurus: cf. OF. parjur, F. parjure.] A perjured
person. [Obs.] Shak.
Per"jured (?), a. Guilty of perjury; having sworn falsely; forsworn.
Shak. "Perjured persons." 1 Tim. i. 10. "Their perjured oath." Spenser.
Per"jur*er (?), n. One who is guilty of perjury; one who perjures or
forswears, in any sense.
{ Per*ju"ri*ous (?), Per"ju*rous (?), } a. [L. perjuriosus, perjurus.]
Guilty of perjury; containing perjury. [Obs.] Quarles. B. Johnson.
Per"ju*ry (?), n.; pl. Perjuries (#). [L. perjurium. See Perjure, v.]
1. False swearing.
2. (Law) At common law, a willfully false statement in a fact material
to the issue, made by a witness under oath in a competent judicial
proceeding. By statute the penalties of perjury are imposed on the
making of willfully false affirmations.
If a man swear falsely in nonjudicial affidavits, it is made perjury by
statute in some jurisdictions in the United States.
Perk (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Perked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Perking.]
[Cf. W. percu to trim, to make smart.] To make trim or smart; to
straighten up; to erect; to make a jaunty or saucy display of; as, to
perk the ears; to perk up one's head. Cowper. Sherburne.
Perk, v. i. To exalt one's self; to bear one's self loftily. "To perk
over them." Barrow.
To perk it, to carry one's self proudly or saucily. Pope.
Perk, a. Smart; trim; spruce; jaunty; vain. "Perk as a peacock."
Spenser.
Perk, v. i. To peer; to look inquisitively. Dickens.
Per"kin (?), n. A kind of weak perry.
Per"kin*ism (?), n. (Med.) A remedial treatment, by drawing the pointed
extremities of two rods, each of a different metal, over the affected
part; tractoration, -- first employed by Dr. Elisha Perkins of Norwich,
Conn. See Metallotherapy.
Perk"y (?), a. Perk; pert; jaunty; trim.
There amid perky larches and pines.
Tennyson.
Per*la"ceous (?), a. [See Pearl.] Pearly; resembling pearl.
Per"lid (?), n. (Zoˆl.) Any insect of the genus Perla, or family
PerlidÊ. See Stone fly, under Stone.
Per"lite (?), n. (Min.) Same as Pearlite.
Per*lit"ic (?), a. (Min.) Relating to or resembling perlite, or
pearlstone; as, the perlitic structure of certain rocks. See Pearlite.
Per"lous (?), a. Perilous. [Obs.] Spenser.
Per`lus*tra"tion (?), n. [L. perlustrare to wander all through, to
survey. See 3d Luster.] The act of viewing all over. [Archaic] Howell.
Per"ma*na*ble (?), a. Permanent; durable. [Obs.] Lydgate.
{ Per"ma*nence (?), Per"ma*nen*cy (?), } n. [Cf. F. permanence.] The
quality or state of being permanent; continuance in the same state or
place; duration; fixedness; as, the permanence of institutions; the
permanence of nature.
Per"ma*nent (?), a. [L. permanens, -entis, p. pr. of permanere to stay
or remain to the end, to last; per + manere to remain: cf. F.
permanent. See Per-, and Mansion.] Continuing in the same state, or
without any change that destroys form or character; remaining unaltered
or unremoved; abiding; durable; fixed; stable; lasting; as, a permanent
impression.
Eternity stands permanent and fixed.
Dryden.
Permanent gases (Chem. & Physics), hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and
carbon monoxide; -- also called incondensible or incoercible gases,
before their liquefaction in 1877. -- Permanent way, the roadbed and
superstructure of a finished railway; -- so called in distinction from
the contractor's temporary way. -- Permanent white (Chem.), barium
sulphate (heavy spar), used as a white pigment or paint, in distinction
from white lead, which tarnishes and darkens from the formation of the
sulphide.
Syn. -- Lasting; durable; constant. See Lasting.
Per"ma*nent*ly, adv. In a permanent manner.
Per*man"ga*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of permanganic acid.
Potassium permanganate. (Chem.) See Potassium permanganate, under
Potassium.
Per`man*gan"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, one of
the higher acids of manganese, HMnO4, which forms salts called
permanganates.
Per*man"sion (?), n. [L. permansio. See Permanent.] Continuance. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Per`me*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. permÈabilitÈ.] The quality or state
of being permeable.
Magnetic permeability (Physics), the specific capacity of a body for
magnetic induction, or its conducting power for lines of magnetic
force. Sir W. Thomson.
Per"me*a*ble (?), a. [L. permeabilis: cf. F. permÈable. See Permeate.]
Capable of being permeated, or passed through; yielding passage;
passable; penetrable; -- used especially of substances which allow the
passage of fluids; as, wood is permeable to oil; glass is permeable to
light. I. Taylor.
Per"me*a*bly, adv. In a permeable manner.
Per"me*ant (?), a. [L. permeans, p. pr.] Passing through; permeating.
[R.] Sir T. Browne.
Per"me*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Permeated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Permeating.] [L. permeatus, p. p. of permeare to permeate; per + meare
to go, pass.] 1. To pass through the pores or interstices of; to
penetrate and pass through without causing rupture or displacement; --
applied especially to fluids which pass through substances of loose
texture; as, water permeates sand. Woodward.