Economy - overview:
Paraguay has a market economy marked by a large informal sector.
The informal sector features both reexport of imported consumer
goods to neighboring countries as well as the activities of
thousands of microenterprises and urban street vendors. Because of
the importance of the informal sector, accurate economic measures
are difficult to obtain. A large percentage of the population
derives their living from agricultural activity, often on a
subsistence basis. The formal economy grew by an average of about 3%
annually in 1995-97; but GDP declined slightly in 1998, 1999, and
2000, rose slightly in 2001, only to fall again in 2002. On a per
capita basis, real income has stagnated at 1980 levels. Most
observers attribute Paraguay's poor economic performance to
political uncertainty, corruption, lack of progress on structural
reform, substantial internal and external debt, and deficient
infrastructure.
GDP:
purchasing power parity - $25.19 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
-2.7% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita:
purchasing power parity - $4,300 (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 27%
industry: 27%
services: 46% (2001 est.)
Population below poverty line:
36% (2001 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 0.5%
highest 10%: 43.8% (1998)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
57.7 (1998)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
10.5% (2002 est.)
Labor force:
2 million (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture 45%
Unemployment rate:
18.2% (2002 est.)
Budget:
revenues: $1.3 billion
expenditures: $2 billion, including capital expenditures of $700
million (1999 est.)
Industries:
sugar, cement, textiles, beverages, wood products
Industrial production growth rate:
0% (2000 est.)
Electricity - production:
44.89 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel: 0%
hydro: 99.9%
other: 0.1% (2001)
nuclear: 0%
Electricity - consumption:
2.637 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports:
39.11 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports:
0 kWh (2001)
Oil - production:
0 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - consumption:
25,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - exports:
NA (2001)
Oil - imports:
NA (2001)
Agriculture - products:
cotton, sugarcane, soybeans, corn, wheat, tobacco, cassava
(tapioca), fruits, vegetables; beef, pork, eggs, milk; timber
Exports:
$2 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)
Exports - commodities:
soybeans, feed, cotton, meat, edible oils, electricity
Exports - partners:
Brazil 25.1%, Argentina 23%, Chile 5.5%, Bermuda 4% (2002)
Imports:
$2.4 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)
Imports - commodities:
road vehicles, consumer goods, tobacco, petroleum products,
electrical machinery
Imports - partners:
Brazil 32.7%, Argentina 22.7%, US 18.1%, Hong Kong 4.7% (2002)
Debt - external:
$3.2 billion (2002 est.)
Economic aid - recipient:
$NA
Currency:
guarani (PYG)
Currency code:
PYG
Exchange rates:
guarani per US dollar - 5,720.44 (2002), 4,105.92 (2001), 3,486.35
(2000), 3,119.07 (1999), 2,726.49 (1998)
Fiscal year:
calendar year