Economy - overview:
This thoroughly modern market economy features high-tech
agriculture, up-to-date small-scale and corporate industry,
extensive government welfare measures, comfortable living standards,
a stable currency, and high dependence on foreign trade. Denmark is
a net exporter of food and energy and enjoys a comfortable balance
of payments surplus. Government objectives include streamlining the
bureaucracy and further privatization of state assets. The
government has been successful in meeting, and even exceeding, the
economic convergence criteria for participating in the third phase
(a common European currency) of the European Economic and Monetary
Union (EMU), but Denmark has decided not to join the 12 other EU
members in the euro; even so, the Danish Krone remains pegged to the
euro. Given the sluggish state of the European economy, growth in
2003 was a mere 1.1%.
GDP:
purchasing power parity - $155.3 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
1.6% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita:
purchasing power parity - $28,900 (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 3%
industry: 26%
services: 71% (2002 est.)
Population below poverty line:
NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 2%
highest 10%: 24% (2000 est.)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
24.7 (1992)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
2.3% (2002 est.)
Labor force:
2.856 million (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
services 79%, industry 17%, agriculture 4% (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate:
5.1% (2002)
Budget:
revenues: $52.9 billion
expenditures: $51.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $500
million (2001 est.)
Industries:
food processing, machinery and equipment, textiles and clothing,
chemical products, electronics, construction, furniture and other
wood products, shipbuilding, windmills
Industrial production growth rate:
1.4% (2002 est.)
Electricity - production:
35.47 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel: 82.7%
hydro: 0.1%
other: 17.3% (2001)
nuclear: 0%
Electricity - consumption:
32.41 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports:
8.775 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports:
8.199 billion kWh (2001)
Oil - production:
346,200 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - consumption:
218,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - exports:
332,100 bbl/day (2001)
Oil - imports:
195,000 bbl/day (2001)
Oil - proved reserves:
1.23 billion bbl (37257)
Natural gas - production:
8.38 billion cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - consumption:
5.28 billion cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - exports:
3.1 billion cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - imports:
0 cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - proved reserves:
81.98 billion cu m (37257)
Agriculture - products:
barley, wheat, potatoes, sugar beets; pork, dairy products; fish
Exports:
$56.3 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)
Exports - commodities:
machinery and instruments, meat and meat products, dairy products,
fish, chemicals, furniture, ships, windmills
Exports - partners:
Germany 17.1%, Sweden 11.6%, UK 7.8%, US 6.8%, France 5.8%, Norway
5.7%, Japan 4.4% (2002)
Imports:
$47.9 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)
Imports - commodities:
machinery and equipment, raw materials and semimanufactures for
industry, chemicals, grain and foodstuffs, consumer goods
Imports - partners:
Germany 22.9%, Sweden 10.7%, UK 8.7%, Netherlands 7.8%, France 6%,
Norway 4.9%, Italy 4.4% (2002)
Debt - external:
$21.7 billion (2000)
Economic aid - donor:
ODA, $1.63 billion (1999)
Currency:
Danish krone (DKK)
Currency code:
DKK
Exchange rates:
Danish kroner per US dollar - 7.89 (2002), 8.32 (2001), 8.08
(2000), 6.98 (1999), 6.7 (1998)
Fiscal year:
calendar year