Economy - overview:
Before the dissolution of Yugoslavia, the Republic of Croatia,
after Slovenia, was the most prosperous and industrialized area,
with a per capita output perhaps one-third above the Yugoslav
average. The economy emerged from its mild recession in 2000 with
tourism the main factor, but massive structural unemployment remains
a key negative element. The government's failure to press the
economic reforms needed to spur growth is largely the result of
coalition politics and public resistance, particularly from the
trade unions. Opponents fear reforms would cut jobs, wages, and
social benefits. The government has a heavy backload of civil cases,
many involving tenure land. The country is likely to experience only
moderate growth without disciplined fiscal and structural reform.
GDP:
purchasing power parity - $43.12 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
5.2% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita:
purchasing power parity - $9,800 (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 9%
industry: 33%
services: 58% (2002 est.)
Population below poverty line:
NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 3.7%
highest 10%: 23.3% (1998)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
29 (1998)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
2.2% (2002 est.)
Labor force:
1.7 million (2001)
Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture 13.2% NA, industry 25.4% NA, services 46.4% NA (2002)
Unemployment rate:
21.7% (2002 est.)
Budget:
revenues: $8.6 billion
expenditures: $9 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)
Industries:
chemicals and plastics, machine tools, fabricated metal,
electronics, pig iron and rolled steel products, aluminum, paper,
wood products, construction materials, textiles, shipbuilding,
petroleum and petroleum refining, food and beverages; tourism
Industrial production growth rate:
2.8% (2002 est.)
Electricity - production:
12.12 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel: 33.6%
hydro: 66%
other: 0.4% (2001)
nuclear: 0%
Electricity - consumption:
14.27 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports:
386 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports:
3.386 billion kWh (2001)
Oil - production:
29,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - consumption:
89,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - exports:
NA (2001)
Oil - imports:
NA (2001)
Oil - proved reserves:
93.6 million bbl (37257)
Natural gas - production:
1.76 billion cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - consumption:
2.84 billion cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - exports:
0 cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - imports:
1.08 billion cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - proved reserves:
34.36 billion cu m (37257)
Agriculture - products:
wheat, corn, sugar beets, sunflower seed, barley, alfalfa, clover,
olives, citrus, grapes, soybeans, potatoes; livestock, dairy products
Exports:
$4.9 billion f.o.b. (2002)
Exports - commodities:
transport equipment, textiles, chemicals, foodstuffs, fuels
Exports - partners:
Italy 22.4%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 14.4%, Germany 12.5%, Slovenia
8%, Austria 7.3% (2002)
Imports:
$10.7 billion c.i.f. (2002)
Imports - commodities:
machinery, transport and electrical equipment, chemicals, fuels and
lubricants, foodstuffs
Imports - partners:
Italy 16.8%, Germany 16.4%, Slovenia 7.8%, Russia 6.8%, Austria
6.7%, France 5.2% (2002)
Debt - external:
$16.5 billion (yearend 2002 est.)
Economic aid - recipient:
ODA $66 million (2000)
Currency:
kuna (HRK)
Currency code:
HRK
Exchange rates:
kuna per US dollar - 7.87 (2002), 8.34 (2001), 8.28 (2000), 7.11
(1999), 6.36 (1998)
Fiscal year:
calendar year