[A] BARROW. This large and pleasant village appears to have _Curiosities of Great Britain: England and Wales Delineated Vol.1-11 Historical, Entertaining & Commercial; Alphabetically Arranged. 11 Volume set.

name from an ancient tumulus. It is occupied principally by gentlemen

farmers, many of whom, however, derive great profit from the quantities

of lime which they get up and burn. This village having been for many

centuries celebrated for a hard blue stone, similar to that in the vale

of Belvoir, and when calcined, produces a very fine matter, from which

is prepared a particularly hard, firm, and greatly esteemed cement.

Various fossil remains are found amongst the limestone. One of the

petrifactions, still preserved at Cambridge, with Dr. Woodward's

fossils, is a plain and bold representation of a flat-fish, about twelve

inches long. Mr. Jones, in his "Philosophical Disquisitions," notices it

by saying, that "our country hath lately afforded what I apprehend to be

the greatest curiosity of the sort that ever appeared. It is the entire

figure of a bream, more than a foot in length, and of a proportionable

depth, with the scales, fins, and gills, fairly projecting from the

surface, like a sculpture in relievo, and with all the lineaments, even

to the most minute fibres of the tail, so complete, that the like was

never seen before." Dr. William Beveridge, one of the most learned

prelates of the English church, was born here in the year 1638. At St.

John's College, Cambridge, he applied himself with intense application

to the study of oriental literature. He reviewed the Hebrew, Chaldee,

Syriac, Arabic, and Samaritan tongues, and produced a Syriac grammar. He

was raised to the see of St. Asaph, in the year 1704, but he enjoyed his

new dignity for a short period,--his death took place in the year 1708.

In his divinity he was Calvinistic; from the simplicity and piety of his

character, he was beloved by all parties. He lies buried in St. Paul's

Cathedral.

[Sidenote: Superior lime quarries.]

[Sidenote: The pious Beveridge born here.]

[B] BARRY ISLAND, the name of which has been thought to have been

derived from St. Baroche, a hermit, who, according to Cressy, died here

in the year 700. This island, which lets for about L80. a year, is

estimated to contain about 300 acres. In Leland's time there was, in the

middle of it, a "fair little chapel used," but there was no dwelling.

Since that period, however, a house has been erected for the residence

of a farmer, which, in the summer, is converted into a boarding-house,

for the reception of sea-bathers. The family of Giraldus de Barri, are

said to have taken their title from this island, of which they were once

lords. "It is remarkable," observes Giraldus, "that in a rock near the

entrance of the island, there is a small cavity, to which, if the ear is

applied, a noise is heard like that of smiths at work--the blowing of

bellows, strokes of hammers, grinding of tools, and roaring of furnaces;

and it might easily have been imagined, that such noises which are

continued at the ebb and flow of the tides, were occasioned by the

influx of the sea under the cavities of the rocks." Sir Richard Hoare,

in his additions to Giraldus, observes as follows:--"Towards the

southern part of the island, on a spot called Nell's Point, is a fine

well, to which great numbers of women resort on Holy Thursday, and,

having washed their eyes at the spring, each drops a pin into it. The

landlord of the boarding-house told me, that on clearing out the well he

took out a pint full of these votive offerings." On the main land,

opposite the western extremity of the island, lies the village of Barry,

near which are some remains of the castle. A few miles north-westward

from Barry are the remains of Penmark castle, anciently the property of

Sir Gilbert Humphreville, one of the followers of Fitzhamon. Llancarvan,

in this vicinity, was once the seat of a religious house, said to have

been founded by Cadoc the Wise, in the 6th century. Llancarvan is also

distinguished as the birth-place of Caradoc, the Welsh annalist, who

compiled a history of the Principality, from the abdication of

Cadwaladyr, 686, to his own time. Tref Walter, or Walterston, in this

parish, was the residence of Walter de Mapes, a writer of some note

towards the middle of the 12th century. He was Archdeacon of Oxford, and

Chaplain to Henry I. He built the church of Llancarvan, a large

substantial edifice, and the village of Walterston, with a mansion for

himself. His literary labours comprise a translation of the British

Chronicle into Latin, and a Welsh version of Geoffrey of Monmouth's

fabulous paraphrase of the same work. He wrote also a Treatise on

Agriculture in the Welsh language.

[Sidenote: Remarkable noises heard here.]

[Sidenote: Curious custom.]

Map| Names of Places. | County. | Number of Miles From |

+--+---------------------+---------+-------------+-------------+

14|Bartlow End ham|Essex | 3| 6|

+--+---------------------+---------+-------------+-------------+

|Dist.|

Map| Names of Places. | Number of Miles From |Lond.|Population.

+--+---------------------+-----------------------+-----+-------+

36|Barsham pa|Halesworth 9| 109| 182|

27|Barsham, (East) pa|Burnham M. 10| 102| 219|

27|Barsham, (North) pa|Fakenham 4| 113| 84|

27|Barsham, (West) pa|Creek 4| 112| 101|

39|Barston pa|Birmingham 13| 100| 342|

17|Bartestree chap|Ledbury 12| 132| 50|

7|Bartherton to|Audlem 4| 163| 34|

21|Bartholomew lib.|Ramsgate 6| 68| 61|

7|Barthomley[A] pa & to|Nantwich 11| 157| 449|

7|Bartington to|Knutsford 7| 177| 76|

6|Bartlow[B] pa|Saff. Walden 6| 48| 106|

14|Bartlow End ham| 5| 47| 205|

4|Barton ham|Dorchester 7| 56| 14|

6|Barton pa|Royston 12| 49| 273|

7|Barton to|Tarporley 12| 175| 168|

+--+---------------------+-----------------------+-----+-------+

[A] BARTHOMLEY contains several townships. The nave of the church has a

richly carved wooden roof, dated 1589. On the 22d of December, 1643, a

troop of Lord Byron's passing through the village, made an attack upon

this venerable edifice, into which several of the inhabitants had gone

for safety; they soon got possession of it, and having set fire to the

forms, rushes, and mats, made such a smoke that the men who had

retreated into the steeple were obliged to call for quarter, but their

assailants having got them into their power, are said to have stripped

them all, and most cruelly murdered twelve of them in cold blood, three

only being suffered to escape. A free school was founded here, in the

year 1676, by the Rev. Mr. Steele, in which ten children are educated.

In the year 1787, Mrs. Mary, Mrs. Margaret, and Mrs. Judith Alsager,

ladies of the manor, obtained an Act of Parliament to enable them to

finish a new church, or chapel, to be called Christ's Church, or Chapel,

in that township. The same ladies built a school-house, and founded a

school there, for the education of children of both sexes.

[Sidenote: Cruel murder.]

[B] BARTLOW. Near this place, are four contiguous barrows, known by the

name of Bartlow Hills, from their situation with respect to Bartlow

Church. These are vulgarly, though erroneously, regarded as the tumuli

raised over the slain in the battle fought between Edmund Ironside and

the Danish King, Canute, in the year 1016. It is evident, indeed, from

our account of Ashington, at page 50, that the place of action should be

sought for, rather in the vicinity of the sea than at the northern

extremity of the county. Camden states, that these stone coffins, with

broken human bones in them, were found in one of these barrows; and

Hollingshead affirms, that two bodies were found in one stone coffin.

Mr. Gough remarks, that we do not find the use of stone coffins amongst

the northern nations in their Pagan state; and the Danes were not

converted until long after the time of Canute. The origin of these

barrows, therefore, cannot now be traced.

Map|Names of Places. |County. |Number of Miles from |

+--+----------------------------+----------+-------------+-------------+

+--+----------------------------+----------+-------------+-------------+

|Dist.|Popul

Map|Names of Places. |Number of Miles from |Lond.|-ation.

+--+----------------------------+------------------------+-----+-------+

17|Barton to|Hereford 21| 156| ...|

30|Barton pa|Derby 13| 121| 379|

40|Barton, (High),[A] pa & to|Brough 11| 272| 1537|

23|Barton ham|Ashby 10| 108| 163|

27|Barton Bendish pa|Downham 8| 92| 459|

10|Barton-le-Blount pa|Uttoxeter 8| 136| 60|

3|Barton in the Clay pa|Ampthill 4| 38| 720|

44|Barton, St. Cuthbert pa & to|Barnard Cas 14| 238| 499|

34|Barton, St. David's pa|Castle Cary 7| 120| 410|

36|Barton, (Great) pa|Thetford 13| 74| 702|

5|Barton Hartshorne pa|Brackley 6| 59| 145|

39|Barton on the heath[B] pa|Chip. Norton 7| 79| 208|

+--+----------------------------+------------------------+-----+-------+

[A] BARTON. Stockbridge Hall, an ancient edifice, was the seat of the

Lancasters, whose arms are yet seen on the ceiling of the dining-room,

and who continued here through twelve generations, when their estates

fell to the Lowthers. The church, which is a low and extensive building,

with a heavy tower between the chancel and the nave, contains the tomb

of one of the Lancasters; some escutcheons of several families in the

neighbourhood, and a brass plate, on which is this remarkable epitaph:--

"Under this stone, reader, interred doth lie,

Beauty and virtue's true epitomy.

At her appearance the noone sun

Blushed and shrunk in, 'cause quite undone.

In her concentered did all graces dwell;

God plucked my rose that he might take a smell.

I'll say no more, but weeping, wish I may,

Soone with thy dear chaste ashes come to lay."

The lady thus extravagantly eulogised, was Frances, the wife of

Launcelot Dawes; she died in 1673. Barton school was founded in 1641, by

four priests, natives of this parish.

[Sidenote: Remarkable epitaph.]

[B] BARTON. Near this village is a large stone, called Four-shire stone,

from its forming the point of junction of the four counties of

Gloucester, Worcester, Warwick, and Oxford. Here once resided an

attorney of so pacific a disposition that he usually acted as mediator

when disputes arose. This anomalous person, named Dover, instituted the

annual festivities termed Cotswold Games, and was for forty years their

chief supporter. These diversions were celebrated upon the Cotswold

Hills, in Gloucestershire, and prodigious multitudes are said to have

resorted to them. They consisted of wrestling, cudgel-playing, leaping,

pitching the bar, throwing the sledge, tossing the pike, with various

other feats of strength and activity. A castle of boards was erected on

this occasion, from which guns were frequently discharged. Dover

received permission from James I. to hold these sports, and he appeared

at their celebration in the very clothes which that monarch had formerly

worn; but it is said there was much more dignity in his form and aspect.

John Heywood, the epigramatist, speaking of these games, says--

"He fometh like a bore, the beaste should seem bold,

For he is as fierce as a lyon of Cotsolde."

[Sidenote: Cotswold games.]

Map| Names of Places. | County. | Number of Miles From |

+--+------------------------+-----------+---------------+-------------+

+--+-----------------------+------------+---------------+-------------+

|Dist.|Popul

Map| Names of Places. | Number of Miles From |Lond.|-ation.

+--+------------------------+---------------------------+-----+-------+

24|Barton[A] m.t.|Lincoln 34| 167| 3231|

22|Barton on Irwell to|Warrington 14| 185| 8976|

36|Barton, Little pa|Bury 12| 70| 591|

44|Barton, St. Mary, chap|Barnard Cas. 14| 238| ...|

35|Barton chap|Abbotts Brom 8| 130| 1344|

28|Barton Segrave pa|Wellingboro 8| 75| 203|

16|Barton Stacey pa|Winchester 9| 62| 626|

31|Barton Steeple[B] pa|Charlbury 9| 63| 606|

15|Barton Street ham||Ross 17| 103| 786|

43|Barton in Street pa|Helmsley 10| 222| 436|

27|Barton Turf pa|Norwich 13| 121| 391|

31|Barton Westcott pa|Deddington 5| 64| 258|

43|Barton in the Willows, t|Sutton 10| 206| 202|

45|Barugh to|Huddersfield 14| 175| 946|

43|Barugh, Gt. & Little pa|Scarborough 18| 223| 294|

23|Barwell pa|Leicester 11| 101| 1505|

14|Barwick pa|Chelmsford 10| 27| 97|

34|Barwick pa|Crewkherne 8| 123| 415|

41|Barwick Basset pa|Marlborough 8| 83| 164|

+--+-----------------------+------------+---------------+-----+-------+

[A] BARTON. This ancient town is pleasantly situated about

three-quarters of a mile from the southern bank of the Humber. It was

formerly surrounded by a rampart and fossee, the remains of which are

still discernable. It was doubtless a place of great strength before the

conquest, and served as a barrier against the irruptions of the Saxons

and Danes. At the period of the conquest it was a principal port of the

Humber, and until the rise of Kingston-upon-Hull it enjoyed an extensive

commerce. At present its derives its principal consequence from being

the point whence the communication with the Lincoln road is continued

across the Humber to Hull, a distance of about six miles and a half.

_Market_, Monday.--_Fair_, Trinity Thursday, for cattle.--_Mail_

arrives 3.0 afternoon; departs 11.15 morning--_Inn_, The Waterside

Inn.

[Sidenote: Once a place of importance.]

[B] STEEPLE BARTON. In this parish is situated Rowsham, which was, for

several centuries, the seat of the Dormers, and it continued in their

possession until the decease of General Dormer, in the year 1750. That

gentleman bequeathed the mansion and estates to his cousin, Sir Clement

Cottrell, Knight, Master of the Ceremonies to George II., who annexed

the name of Dormer to his own, and in whose family the property has

since remained. The situation is extremely fine, and the grounds, which

were laid out by Kent, during the life-time of General Dormer, afford a

variety of picturesque and pleasant views. The mansion was built in the

reign of Queen Elizabeth, but a few alterations were made at subsequent

periods. The walls are embattled, and the doors are singularly enough

perforated with holes (with slides to cover) so as to admit muskets

being pointed through them. There is a large hall, and valuable library,

containing many old and rare authors. A very excellent collection of

paintings, (about 180 in number), and of busts and other figures in

bronze, (amounting to fifty-five), has also been formed here. Horace

Walpole, in one of his eloquent letters to George Montague, has thus

spoken of this place:--"But the greatest pleasure we had, was in seeing

Sir Charles Cotterell's, at Rowsham: it reinstated Kent with me; he has

no where shewn so much taste. The house is old, and was bad; he has

improved it--stuck as close as he could to gothic; has made a delightful

library, and the whole is comfortable. The garden is Daphne in little,

the sweetest little groves, streams, glades, porticoes, cascades, and

rivers imaginable: all the scenes are perfectly classic. Well, if I had

such a house, such a library, so pretty a place, and so pretty a wife, I

think I should let King George send to Herenhausen for a Master of the

Ceremonies." The pleasure-grounds are beautifully shaded by flourishing

and noble beech trees; they are also ornamented by several stone

statues, which all throw up water, except a very fine one of the dying

gladiator, and a group of the lion tearing the horse, by Sheemacher.

[Sidenote: Rowsham House.]

Map| Names of Places. | County. | Number of Miles From |

+--+----------------------+----------+-------------+------------+

+--+----------------------+----------+-------------+------------+

|Dist.|

Map| Names of Places. | Number of Miles From |Lond.|Population.

+--+--------------------+--------------------------+-----+-------+

27|Barwick pa|Fakenham 11| 117| 35|

45|Barwick pa & to|Abberford 2| 188| 1922|

33|Baschurch pa|Ellesmere 9| 161| 1321|

7|Basford to|Woore 7| 160| 85|

30|Basford[A] pa|Arnold 3| 127| 6325|

35|Basford[B] to|Cheadle 7| 151| 300|

45|Bashall to|Blackburn 10| 222| 310|

4|Basilden pa|Wallingford 8| 47| 780|

14|Basildon chap|Rochford 12| 27| 124|

16|Basing, Old[C] to & ch|Alton 12| 44| 1113|

+--+----------------------+------------------------+-----+-------+

[A] BASFORD lies in a bottom, approached from the race-ground. The

scenery around it is rich in the extreme. This village has greatly

increased of late, from various manufactures, and the improvements

consequent upon them. Here are corn and cotton-mills, and the bleaching

and dying branches of business are carried on with considerable success.

The church has a very handsome spire, with a nave and side aisles in

very good order, but there are no ancient inscriptions. The importance

of this place has also been kept up, by its being the seat of the Court

of the Honour of Peverel, since it was removed from Nottingham. It sits

twice in the year, to try causes as high as L50. A jail for the court is

situated here, which Howard describes as having, at the time of his

writing, merely one room, with three beds; but the keepers told him he

had another little room for women prisoners, of whom there being none in

his custody, he applied the apartment to domestic uses. A bowling-green,

close by the jail, is much frequented by the inhabitants of Nottingham.

At Mapperley, a hamlet in this parish, is a handsome seat of Ichabod

Wright, Esq., a banker of Nottingham.

[Sidenote: The trade.]

[B] BASFORD. Here was born, in 1630, the celebrated Charles Cotton, a

burlesque poet of the seventeenth century. He received his education at

Cambridge, and afterwards travelled through France. On his return to

England he resided with his father at Basford, in the neighbourhood of

the Peak. His first production was, a poetical essay on the gallant Earl

of Derby. In 1656, he married a daughter of Sir Thomas Hutchinson, a

Nottinghamshire Knight. Two years after this his father died; he then

succeeded him in the family estate, which was encumbered with mortgages:

being of an improvident disposition, he was subject to constant

embarrassments, and was even confined for some months in a prison for

debt. After the death of his first wife, he married the Countess Dowager

of Ardglass. He died at Westminster in 1687. Some of his poems, of

considerable merit, were published after his death.

[Sidenote: Charles Cotton.]

Curiosities of Great Britain: England and Wales Delineated Vol.1-11 Historical, Entertaining & Commercial; Alphabetically Arranged. 11 Volume set. · 第 19 / 31 段

[A] BARROW. This large and pleasant village appears to have taken its