[Sidenote: Picturesque tower.]_Curiosities of Great Britain: England and Wales Delineated Vol.1-11 Historical, Entertaining & Commercial; Alphabetically Arranged. 11 Volume set.

[Sidenote: Here was a Priory of Benedictine monks.]

[Sidenote: Sale of the estate by the late Duke of York, for L110,000.]

Map|Names of Places.| County. | Number of Miles From |

+--+----------------+----------+------------+--------------+

+--+----------------+----------+------------+--------------+

|Dist.|

Map|Names of Places.| Number of Miles From |Lond.|Population.

+--+----------------+-----------------------+--------------+

39|Allesley pa|Kenilworth 6| 93| 875|

10|Allestrey pa|Alfreton 13| 128| 501|

23|Allexton pa||Uppingham 5| 89| 68|

9|Allhallows pa|Allonby 7| 308| 205|

21|Allhallows pa|Queenboro 6| 36| 263|

12|Allington pa|Beaminster 5| 136| 1300|

21|Allington[A] pa|Wrotham 8| 32| 37|

+--+----------------+-----------------------+-----+--------+

[A] ALLINGTON. Situated in the hundred of Larkefield, in the lathe of

Aylesford, near the river Medway. ALLINGTON CASTLE was originally

built in the Saxon times, by a noble family denominated _Columbary_,

but was razed afterwards by the Danes. The manor was given after the

conquest to Bishop Odo, (in whose time there was a _church_ at

Allington,) and on his disgrace, to the great Earl Warrenne, who is

stated to have had the castle rebuilt, which, however, seems to be

doubtful, as the famous Sir Stephen Penchester, constable of Dover

Castle, in the reign of Edward I., and then owner of this manor, had a

license to fortify, and embattle, his mansion-house here. It passed

afterwards to the _Cobham_ family; and from them to the _Brents_, by

whom it was alienated to Sir Henry Wyatt, a descendant from a worthy

Yorkshire family; who, besides losing seventeen manors, was deprived of

his liberty for engaging in the plot against Richard III. in favour of

the Earl of Richmond; but when success had crowned the attempts of the

latter, he was released by the new king, knighted, made banneret, a

knight of the bath, and a privy counsellor. He made this castle his

residence; and here was born his accomplished son and successor, Sir

Thomas Wyatt. This gentleman who was equally renowned, as a scholar, a

soldier, and a statesman, (in consequence of which he was considered to

be "the delight of the muses and mankind") made this a "fair seat," and

was visited here by Henry VIII., (as his father Sir Henry had also

been,) with whom he was a great favourite; though he appears in some

degree to have unintentionally excited his jealousy, through the

admiration which his accomplishments had raised in the breast of the

fascinating Anne Boleyn. He died in his thirty-eighth year, at

Sherborne, in Dorsetshire, of a violent fever. His son Sir Thomas Wyatt,

the younger, being deprived of his estates and life, for treason against

Queen Mary, this castle and manor became vested in the crown, and were

granted, on lease by Elizabeth, to John Astley Esq., master of her

jewels, in her eleventh year. His son, Sir John Astley, afterwards had

the whole granted to him by the queen's letters patent, dated in her

twenty-sixth year, and from his family it was transferred to that of

Lord Romney, and is now the property of the present earl. The remains of

the castle are particularly curious and interesting, but give the idea

rather of a fortified dwelling, than of a place of strength. The moat

still exists, as does the entrance gateway, which was erected by the

Cobhams. Besides the castle and parsonage, (a mere cottage,) there is

only one house in this parish; though Sir Stephen de Penchester is

recorded to have procured a grant of a market weekly, and a three days

annual fair for his manor of Allington.

[Sidenote: The castle.]

[Sidenote: Mansion given to Bishop Odo.]

[Sidenote: Sir Henry Wyatt deprived of seventeen manors and his liberty,

for treason.]

[Sidenote: Sir Thomas Wyatt, was an accomplished scholar, soldier and

statesman.]

[Sidenote: Parish consists of one house, a church, and a cottage.]

Map| Names of Places. | County. | Number of Miles From |

+--+-----------------------+----------+------------------------------+

22|Allithwaite, Lower to|Lancaster | ... 1| ... 13|

+--+-----------------------+----------+--------------+---------------+

|Dist.|

Map| Names of Places. | Number of Miles From |Lond.|Population.

+--+-----------------------+-------------------------+-----+---------+

41|Allington pa|Andover 11| 77| 80|

41|Allington to|Bath 13| 95| 162|

41|Allington to|Marlboro 10| 88| 162|

11|Allington, East pa|Totness 7| 205| 677|

11|Allington, West pa|Plymouth 18| 207| 872|

24|Allington, West pa|M. Mowbray 16| 115| 357|

22|Allithwaite, Upper to|Ulverstone 11| 255| 759|

22|Allithwaite, Lower to|..by Ferry 6| 257| 838|

9|Allonby to|Abbey-Holm 8| 315| 783|

7|Allostock to|Northwich 6| 168| 448|

36|All Saints, St. Elm pa|Harleston 5| 105| 439|

17|Almeley pa|Leominster 7| 107| ...|

35|Almington to|Eccleshall 10| 158| 340|

39|Almington & Delph to|Coleshill 10| 112| 264|

38|Almodington pa|Selsea-Bill 4| 68| ...|

45|Almondbury[A] pa & to|Wakefield 9| 186| 30606|

15|Almondsbury pa & ti|Bristol 8| 117| 1408|

34|Almsford pa|Glastonbury 9| 114| 304|

43|Alne pa & to|Thirsk 9| 212| 1967|

39|Alne, Great chap & to|Stratford 7| 103| 343|

29|Alnham pa & to|Rothbury 9| 314| 278|

29|Alnwick[B] m.t. & pa| ... 11| 308| 6788|

+--+-----------------------+-------------------------+-----+---------+

[A] ALMONDBURY is situated near the river Calder, in the upper division

of the wapentake of Aybrigg. Here is a grammar school, founded by patent

from James I. and endowed with about L120 per annum. This place is noted

for its extensive woollen manufactories. It was anciently called

Albanbury. In the neighbourhood traces of an ancient castle, on an

eminence, are still discernable. It is supposed, by some antiquarians,

to have been the Campodonum of the Romans, and subsequently a royal seat

of some of the Saxon kings.

[Sidenote: Grammar school founded by James I.]

[Sidenote: Ancient castle. Campodonum of the Romans.]

[B] ALNWICK, is on the high road from London to Berwick, and usually

regarded as the capital of the county. It is situated partly in the

southern division of Barnborough Ward, and partly in the eastern

division of Coquetdale Ward. It is built irregularly, on the declivities

of a hill, near the river Alne, over which a handsome stone bridge was

erected by the late Duke of Northumberland, which bears the Percy crest

on the parapet; there is also another bridge, of one arch, lower down

the river; these two bridges serve as boundaries to the fine lawns

surrounding the castle. At the head of Pottergate is a tower or

clock-house, built in 1786. An abbey of Premonstratension canons was

founded at Alnwick by Eustace St. John, in the year 1147. It was

pleasantly situated on the northern margin of the Alne, the site of

which was granted, in 1549, to Ralph Sadler, and Lawrence Wennington,

after which it became the seat of the Brandling family, and also of the

Doubleday family, by whom it was sold to the Duke of Northumberland. A

fine gate house still remains, on which the Percy arms is visible. This

town has a spacious market place, and a considerable town hall, in which

the sessions and county courts are held. It is paved, watched, and

lighted, under an act passed in 1821. Although the county town, the

assizes are held at Newcastle. Alnwick Castle has been for many

centuries a fortress of great strength, and the family mansion of the

Percys'; it stands on an eminence on the south side of the Alne,

opposite to the town, and commands a beautiful view of the country. The

walls are flanked with sixteen gothic towers, the battlements of which,

are ornamented with figures of ancient warriors: it is very celebrated

in border history, and was peculiarly fatal to the kings of Scotland, of

whom Malcolm II. and his son Edward, fell before it; and William,

surnamed the Lion, was taken prisoner. The castle has lately undergone a

complete repair; great attention having been paid to the restoration of

the gothic ornaments in their original style. The chapel has been

rendered extremely beautiful, by the introduction of a ceiling, in

imitation of the celebrated one of King's College, Cambridge. There is

also a handsome window, on the model of one at York Minster, and the

walls are painted in the manner of those of the cathedral of Milan. The

tenants of the estate at Alnwick, in the year 1818, erected a monument

to the memory of the late Duke of Northumberland, who died in 1817, and

was buried in Westminster Abbey. The Percy column, as it is called,

stands on a beautiful knoll, adjoining the road on the southern entrance

to the town; it rises without a pedestal, and may be seen in every

direction, it is eighty-three feet in height, but may be ascended easily

by a circular flight of stairs within. There is an immemorial custom

continued here on the proclamation of the several fairs; divers adjacent

townships, which are free of toll in the borough, by this service, send

their deputies to attend the bailiff, on the eve of the fair, when he

makes proclamation; after which they keep watch all night in every part

of the town, and this is the most perfect remains of watch and ward

retained in any part of this country. It is said that King John, having

endured considerable inconvenience from the miry state of the roads, in

humorous revenge, directed that for the future, the freemen of Alnwick,

should be made in the following manner, which is still observed.--On St.

Mark's day, those who are to be made free, assemble in the market place,

dressed in white, with white caps, and a sword by their side. They

proceed on horseback from this place to the town moor, headed by the

four chamberlains, attired in the same manner, where they alight and

rush through a muddy pool; having performed this ceremony, they change

their soiled garments, and return to the town. Here is a free school,

supported by a revenue arising out of the tolls, and various minor

charities.

_Market_, Saturday,--_Mail_ arrives 6-1/4 A.M., departs 5-1/2

P.M.--_Fairs_, Palm Sunday eve, for shoes, hats, &c.; May 12th,

horses and horned cattle; last Monday in July, linen and woollen

cloth; 1st Tuesday in October, and October 28th, horses and cattle;

and Saturday before Christmas Day, for shoes, hats, and

woollens.--_Bankers_, Ridley and Co., draw on Glynn and Co.--_Inn_,

White Swan.

[Sidenote: An abbey of monks, founded in 1147.]

[Sidenote: Fortress of great strength.]

[Sidenote: The fall of Malcolm II. and his son Edward.]

[Sidenote: Monument to the memory of the late Duke of Northumberland.]

[Sidenote: Curious customs in Alnwick.]

[Sidenote: Making freemen at Alnwick through a muddy pool.]

Map| Names of Places. |County.| Number of Miles From |

+--+----------------------+-------+------------+------------+

+--+----------------------+-------+------------+------------+

| |Dist.|

Map| Names of Places. |Number of Miles From|Lond.|Population.

+--+----------------------+--------------------+-----+------+

14|Alphamstone pa|Colchester 10| 50| 277|

36|Alphaston pa|Bury 10| 61| 309|

11|Alphington pa|Chudleigh 8| 167| 1236|

27|Alpington pa|Hempnell 6| 119| 197|

7|Alpraham to|Nantwich 7| 176| 418|

14|Alresford pa||Manningtre 8| 56| 297|

16|Alresford, New[A] m.t.|Alton 10| 57| 1437|

+--+----------------------+--------------------+-----+------+

[A] NEW ALRESFORD, is in the north division of the hundred of Alton:

seated on the river Itchin, at no great distance from its source. It was

anciently a more populous place than at present, the navigation of the

river, having at one time extended from Southampton to this town;

whereas, it now ceases at Winchester. Alresford is divided into two

parishes, of which that of Old Alresford is deemed the mother church.

The town, which formerly sent a member to parliament, is governed by a

bailiff and eight burgesses; and the petty sessions are held here. There

is a manufacture of linseys of some consequence, but generally speaking,

the trade is much decayed. At Tichbourne Hall, about two miles distant,

the seat of Sir H. Tichbourne, there has been bestowed annually, on Lady

Day, from the reign of Henry II. a gift to every applicant of twopence

in bread or money; of which bounty, in some years, no less than

seventeen hundred persons have partaken.

_Market_, Thursday.--_Mail_ arrives 3-1/2 A.M. departs 11-1/2

P.M.--_Fairs_, last Thursday in July, and October 17, sheep,

&c.--_Bankers_, Knapp & Co. draw on Barclay & Co.--_Inn_, Swan.

[Sidenote: Formerly a populous place.]

[Sidenote: Tichbourne Hall, seat of Sir H. Tichbourne.]

Map| Names of Places. | County. | Number of Miles From |

+--+--------------------+---------+------------+--------------+

35|Alewas Hayes dis|Stafford | ... 4| ... 9|

+--+--------------------+---------+------------+--------------+

|Dist.|

Map| Names of Places. | Number of Miles From |Lond.|Population.

+--+--------------------+----------------------+-----+--------+

16|Alresford, Old pa|Alton 10| 57| 459|

35|Alrewas pa|Bromley 5| 124| 1607|

35|Alewas Hayes dis ... 6| 124| 77|

7|Alsager pa|Nantwich 8| 157| 446|

10|Alsop-le-Dale pa|Winster 6| 145| 61|

22|Alston to|Clitheroe 9| 222| 1030|

42|Alstone chap|Pershore 7| 101| 78|

35|Alstonefield pa & to|Winster 8| 144| 5169|

22|Altcar chap|Prescott 13| 214| 505|

8|Alternon pa|Bodmin 16| 222| 1069|

22|Altham to & chap|Blackburn 6| 212| 413|

14|Althorne pa|Rochford 6| 42| 352|

24|Althorp pa & to|Glandford Br 12| 165| 981|

27|Althorpe ham|Holt 10| 111| 9|

48|Altmawr chap|Aberedwy 2| 170| 43|

45|Altofts to|Pontefract 3| 186| 502|

16|Alton[A] m.t. & pa|Farnham 10| 47| 2742|

41|Alton Barnes pa|Pewsey 4| 82| 138|

12|Alton Pancras pa|Sherborne 10| 120| 210|

41|Alton Priors chap|Pewsey 4| 82| 205|

7|Altringham[B] m.t.|Manchester 9| 179| 2708|

+--+--------------------+----------------------+-----+--------+

[A] ALTON is seated on the river Wye; it is a pleasant open town,

consisting of three streets, of which the principal contains some

handsome houses. It is governed by a constable appointed by the

magistracy, and a petty sessions are held in the town. The district

around is celebrated for the superiority of its hop plantations, and

possesses manufactures of druggets, serges, and other worsted fabrics,

which are dyed in the wool. It was at Alton that Sir William Waller, in

December 1643, obtained some advantages over the forces of Lord Hopton,

who had taken his post in the town, the regiment commanded by Colonel

Bowles retreated to the church, but not having time to barricade the

doors, threw down their arms, and surrendered; but the Colonel himself,

refusing quarter, was slain on the spot. Amongst the celebrated men to

whom this town has given birth, may be mentioned William de Alton, a

Dominican Friar, who lived in the time of Edward II., and wrote on the

universality of the pollution of mankind by original sin. John Pitts,

the Roman Catholic Biographer, who was born in 1560, and died in 1616;

and William Curtis the Botanist, who was born about 1746, and died in

1799.

_Market_, Saturday.--_Mail_ arrives 2 A.M. departs 12-3/4

A.M.--_Fairs_, Saturday before May, sheep and lambs, September 29,

cattle and toys.--Commercial Banking Company, draw on Williams, and

Co.--_Inn_, Swan.

[Sidenote: Celebrated for hops, and manufactures in serges and other

worsted fabrics.]

[Sidenote: Church converted to a fortress.]

[B] ALTRINGHAM is a very neat market-town in the parish of Bowden, and

hundred of Bucklow, near which the Duke of Bridgewater's canal passes

from the Mersey at Runcorn, to Manchester; it possesses several

factories of yarn, cotton, and worsted, and the vicinity supplies the

markets of Manchester well with fruit and vegetables. This town was

anciently a fee for the barons of Dunham Massey, one of whom granted to

it a guild mercatory in the thirteenth century.

_Market_, Tuesday.--_Mail_ arrives 4-1/2 A.M., departs 9-1/2

P.M.--_Fairs_, April 29, August 5, November 22, for cattle and

drapery.--_Inns_, Bowling Green and Unicorn.

[Sidenote: Yarn, cotton, and worsted manufactories]

Map| Names of Places. | County. | Number of Miles From |

+--+------------------------+----------+-------------+-------------+

16|Ambersham, South ti|Hants | ... 3| ... 4|

+--+------------------------+----------+-------------+-------------+

|Dist.|

Map| Names of Places. | Number of Miles From |Lond.|Population.

+--+------------------------+------------------------+-----+-------+

7|Alvanley chap|Chester 10| 188| 341|

7|Alvaston to|Whitchurch 11| 164| 46|

10|Alvaston to & chap|Burton 12| 124| 364|

40|Alvechurch[A] pa|Birmingham 11| 114| 1548|

41|Alvediston pa|Shaftesbury 9| 92| 239|

33|Alvely pa & to|Cleobury 9| 133| 836|

11|Alverdiscott pa|Torrington 4| 200| 334|

16|Alverstoke pa|Fareham 6| 79| 12637|

45|Alverthorpe to|Dewsbury 5| 183| 4859|

30|Alverton ham|Southwell 9| 118| 16|

31|Alvescott pa|Whitney 6| 74| 361|

15|Alveston[B] pa|Bristol 9| 119| 800|

39|Alveston pa|Henley 9| 96| 650|

35|Alveton pa & to|Ashbourn 8| 42| 2391|

24|Alvingham pa|Grimsby 18| 153| 292|

15|Alvington ham|Chepstow 7| 128| 281|

19|Alwalton pa|Wandsford 5| 80| 294|

11|Alwington pa|Barnstaple 12| 206| 486|

45|Alwoodley to|Wetherby 8| 193| 142|

17|Amberly ham|Leominster 8| 135| 25|

38|Amberly pa|Worthing 11| 51| 637|

16|Ambersham, North ti|Haslemere 6| 49| 121|

16|Ambersham, South ti| ... 6| 49| 183|

29|Amble to|Felton 6| 301| 247|

35|Amblecoat ham|Wolverhamp 8| 122| 1157|

40|Ambleside[C] m.t. & chap|Winanderm 1| 278| 1095|

+--+------------------------+------------------------+-----+-------+

[A] ALVECHURCH is situated in the middle division of the hundred of

Halfshire; it was formerly a borough and governed by a bailiff, chosen

annually at the court of the lord of the manor. The church is a large

structure of Anglo Norman architecture, but the tower is modern. It

however contains many ancient monuments: a hospital was founded here by

Nicholas Lewkenor, of Hadsor, in 1580. The bishops of the county

formerly had a palace here. Bishop Brain, Chancellor of England, in the

reign of Edward III., to whom the Black Prince, wrote a circumstantial

account of the battle of Poicters, died here in 1361. Bishop Latimer put

it in repair in the reign of Henry VIII., it seems to have been merely a

timber building. It has not been inhabited by any Bishop since the

restoration, and was nearly a century ago, entirely pulled down, when

the park was converted into farms. The river Arrow, which rises in the

Lickey Hills, runs through the parish, towards Beoley Park, and

Warwickshire; and the Ikenield Street, also passes it. This town

formerly consisted of several streets, but is now fallen into decay, it

however, receives some benefit from the Worcester canal, which passes

it, and joins the Stratford-and-Avon canal, at King's Norton.

[Sidenote: Church of Anglo Norman architecture.]

[Sidenote: Dilapidations of time.]

[B] ALVESTON. This parish contains the vestiges of two Roman camps; the

one on the top of a hill called Oldbury, near the Severn; the other

called Castle Hill; in both which places, various relics of antiquity

have been discovered.

[Sidenote: Two Roman camps.]

Curiosities of Great Britain: England and Wales Delineated Vol.1-11 Historical, Entertaining & Commercial; Alphabetically Arranged. 11 Volume set. · 第 4 / 31 段