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HEGEL’S LECTURES ON THE
HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY
VOLUME THREE
Hegel’s Lectures on
THE HISTORY OF
PHILOSOPHY
_Translated from the German by_
E. S. HALDANE
_and_
FRANCES H. SIMSON, M.A.
_In three volumes_
VOLUME THREE
[Illustration]
ROUTLEDGE & KEGAN PAUL LTD
Broadway House, 68-74 Carter Lane
London, E.C.4
_First published in England 1896
by Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. Ltd
Reprinted 1955
by Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd
Broadway House, 68-74 Carter Lane
London, E.C.4_
_Reprinted by lithography in Great Britain by
Jarrold and Sons Limited, Norwich_
CONTENTS
PART TWO
PHILOSOPHY OF THE MIDDLE AGES
PAGE
INTRODUCTION 1
1. The Idea of Christianity 1
2. The Fathers and Heterodoxies 10
3. Church and State 23
SECTION ONE
ARABIAN PHILOSOPHY 26
A. The Philosophy of the Medabberim 30
B. Commentators of Aristotle 34
C. Jewish Philosophers: Moses Maimonides 35
SECTION TWO
THE SCHOLASTIC PHILOSOPHY 37
A. Relationship of the Scholastic Philosophy to Christianity 45
B. General Historical Points of View 60
1. The Building up of Dogmas on Metaphysical Grounds 61
_a._ Anselm 61
_b._ Abelard 67
2. Methodical Representation of the Doctrinal System of the
Church 68
_a._ Peter Lombard 69
_b._ Thomas Aquinas 71
_c._ John Duns Scotus 72
3. Acquaintanceship with Aristotelian Writings 73
_a._ Alexander of Hales 73
_b._ Albertus Magnus 75
4. Opposition between Realism and Nominalism 77
_a._ Roscelinus 78
_b._ Walter of Mortagne 80
_c._ William Occam 82
_d._ Buridan 85
5. Formal Dialectic 86
_a._ Julian, Archbishop of Toledo 87
_b._ Paschasius Radbertus 88
6. Mystics 91
_a._ John Charlier 91
_b._ Raymundus of Sabunde 91
_c._ Roger Bacon 92
_d._ Raymundus Lullus 92
C. General Standpoint of the Scholastics 94
SECTION THREE
REVIVAL OF THE SCIENCES 108
A. Study of the Ancients 109
1. Pomponatius 111
2. Bessarion, Ficinus, Picus 112
3. Gassendi, Lipsius, Reuchlin, Helmont 112
4. Ciceronian Popular Philosophy 113
B. Certain Attempts in Philosophy 115
1. Cardanus 116
2. Campanella 119
3. Bruno 119
4. Vanini 137
5. Petrus Ramus 143
C. The Reformation 146
PART THREE
MODERN PHILOSOPHY
INTRODUCTION 157
SECTION ONE
MODERN PHILOSOPHY IN ITS FIRST STATEMENT 170
A. Bacon 170
B. Jacob Boehme 188
SECTION TWO
PERIOD OF THE THINKING UNDERSTANDING 217
CHAPTER I.—THE METAPHYSICS OF THE UNDERSTANDING 220
A. First Division 220
1. Descartes 220
2. Spinoza 252
3. Malebranche 290
B. Second Division 295
1. Locke 295
2. Hugo Grotius 313
3. Thomas Hobbes 315
4. Cudworth, Clarke, Wollaston 319
5. Puffendorf 321
6. Newton 322
C. Third Division 325
1. Leibnitz 325
2. Wolff 348
3. German Popular Philosophy 356