Westminster for ... queen Elizabeth in his history--from Dr. John
Earle, dean of Westminster.
My honoured and learned friend, Thomas Fludd, esq., a Kentish
gentleman, (<aged> 75, 1680) was neighbour and an acquaintance to Sir
Robert Filmore, in Kent, who was very intimately acquainted with Mr.
Camden, who told Sir Robert that he was not suffered to print many
things in his _Elizabetha_, which he sent over to his acquaintance and
correspondent Thuanus, who printed it all faithfully in his _Annalls_
without altering a word--quod N. B.
He lies buried in the South cross-aisle of Westminster Abbey, his
effigies 1/2 on an altar, with this inscription:--
Qui fide antiqua et opera assidua
Britannicam antiquitatem indagavit
Simplicitatem innatam
honestis studiis excoluit
Animi solertiam candore illustravit
Gulielmus Camdenius
ab Elizabetha regina ad regis armorum
(Clarentii titulo) dignitatem evocatus
Hic
Spe certa resurgendi in Christo
S.E.
Qui obiit anno Domini 1623, 9 Novembris,
Aetatis suae 74:
in his hand a booke, on the leaves wherof is writt BRITANNIA.
Mr. Camden much studied the Welsh language, and kept a Welsh servant
to improve him <in> that language, for the better understanding of our
antiquities.--From Mr. Samuel Butler.
[566]Sir William Dugdale tells me that he haz minutes of King James's
life to a moneth and a day, written by Mr. William Camden; as also his
owne life, according to yeares and daye, which is very briefe, but 2
sheetes, Mr. Camden's owne hand writing. Sir William Dugdale had it
from <John> Hacket[XXXVI.], bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, who did
filch it from Mr. Camden as he lay a dyeing.
[XXXVI.] ☞ Quaere Sir William Dugdale. Vide how bishop Hacket came by
it.
[567]Quaere Mr. Ashmole to retrive and looke out Mr. Camden's minutes
(memorandums) of King James I from his entrance into England, which Dr.
Thorndyke[XXXVII.] filched from him as he lay a dyeing. 'Tis not above
6 or 8 sheetes of paper, as I remember. Those memoires were continued
within a fortnight of his death.
[XXXVII.] He (Dr. Th.) told Sir Wiliam Dugdale so, who told me of it.
[568]Quaere Dr. Buzby if Mr. Camden ever resigned the schoolmaster's
place[569]? And if he did not dye at Westminster at the schoole
house--vide bishop Hackett's life, which is printed before his sermons.
[570]Memorandum:--Mr. Camden's nativity is in his Memoires of King
James, which gett.
[571]William Camden: quaere Sir William Dugdale who haz his papers?
Anthony Wood's lettre sayth that some of them are in Sir Henry St.
George's hands[572], 'written and tricked with Mr. Camden's owne hand':
ergo quaere ibidem.
[573]When my grandfather[574] went to schoole at Yatton-Keynell (neer
Easton-Piers) Mr. Camden came to see the church, and particularly
tooke notice of a little painted-glasse-windowe in the chancell, which
(ever since my remembrance) haz been walled-up, to save the parson the
chardge of glazing it.
=William Canynges= (1399-1474).
[575]The antiquities of the city of Bristowe doe very well deserve some
antiquarie's paines (and the like for Gloucester). Here were a great
many religious houses. The collegiate church (priorie of Augustines) is
very good building, especially the gate-house. The best built churches
of any city in England, before these new ones at London since the
conflagration. Severall monuments and inscriptions.
Ratliff church (which was intended[576] for a chapel) is an admirable
piece of architecture of about Henry VII's time. It was built by
alderman ... Canning, who had fifteen shippes of his owne (or 16).
He gott his estate chiefly by carrying of pilgrims to St. Jago of
Compostella. He had a fair house in Ratliff Street that lookes towards
the water side, ancient Gothique building, a large house that, 1656,
was converted to a glasse-house. See the annotations on Norton's
Ordinall in _Theatrum Chemicum_, where 'tis sayd that Thomas Norton
of Bristow got the secret of the philosopher's stone from alderman
Canning's widow.
This alderman Canning did also build and well endow the religious house
at Westbury or Henbury (vide Speede's mappe and chronicle); 'tis about
two or three miles from Bristowe in the rode to Aust-passage.
In his old age he retired to this house and entred into that order.
He built his owne monument at his church at Ratcliff where is an
inscription, which gett[BR]; ☞ but he was not interred there but at
Westbury.
_Note._
[BR] See J. Britton's Historical and Architectural essay relating to
Redcliffe Church, Bristol, with plans, views, account of its monuments,
&c. 1813.
=William Cartwright= (1611-1643).
[577]William Cartwright, M.A., Aedis Christi, Oxon., natus juxta
Teuxbury in com. Glocestriae, September, 1611; baptizatus[578] 26 Sept.
[579]Glocestershire is famous for the birth of William Cartwright at
a place called Northway neer Tewksbury. Were he alive now he would be
sixty-one.
He writt a treatise of metaphysique--quaere Dr. <Thomas> Barlowe, etc.,
de hoc: as also of his sermons, particularly the sermon that by the
king's command he preached at his returne from Edge-hill fight.
'Tis not to be forgott that king Charles 1st dropt a teare at the newes
of his death.
William Cartwright was buried in the south aisle in Christ Church,
Oxon. Pitty 'tis so famous a bard should lye without an inscription.
[580]William Cartwright was borne at Northway neer Tewksbury,
Gloucestershire--this I have from his brother, who lives not far from
me[581], and from his sisters whom I called upon in Glocestershire at
Leckhamton. His sister Howes was 57 yeares old the 10 March last: her
brother William was 4 yeares older.
His father was a gentleman of 300 _li._ per annum. He kept his inne
at Cirencester, but a year or therabout, where he declined and lost
by it too. He had by his wife 100 _li._ per annum, in Wiltshire,
an impropriation, which his son has now (but having many children,
lives not handsomely and haz lost his learning: he was by the second
wife, whose estate this was). Old Mr. Cartwright lived sometime at
Leckhampton, Gloc., wher his daughters now live.
=Lucius Cary=, viscount Falkland (1610-1643).
[582]Lucius Carey[BS], second lord Falkland, was the eldest son of Sir
Henry Carey, Lord Lievetenant of Ireland, the first viscount Falkland.
His mother was daughter and heir of Sir <Laurence> Tanfield, Lord
Chief Baron of the Exchequer, by whom he had Great Tue, in Oxfordshire
(formerly the Rainesfords), and the Priory of Burford, in Oxfordshire,
which he sold to <William> Lenthall, the Speaker of the Long Parliament.
He was borne ... (quaere); had his University education at the
University of Dublin, in Ireland. He travelled, and had one Mr. ... (a
very discreet gentleman) to be his governor[BT], whom he respected to
his dyeing day.
He maried Letice, the daughter of Sir <Richard> Morison, by whom he had
two sonnes: the eldest lived to be a man, died _sine prole_; the second
was father to this lord Falkland now living.
This lady Letice was a good and pious lady, as you may see by her
life writt about 1649, or 50, by ... Duncomb, D.D. But I will tell
you a pretty story from William Hawes, of Trin. Coll., who was well
acquainted with the governor aforesaid, who told him that my lady was
(after the manner of woemen) much governed by, and indulgent to, the
nursery; when she had a mind to beg any thing of my lord for one of
her woemen[583] (nurses, or &c.); she would not doe it by herselfe
(if she could helpe it), but putt this gentleman upon it, to move it
to my lord. My lord had but a small estate for his title; and the
old gentleman would say, 'Madam, this is so unreasonable a motion to
propose to my lord, that I am certaine he will never graunt it';--e.g.
one time to lett a farme[584] twenty pound per annum under value. At
length, when she could not prevaile on him, she would say that, 'I
warrant you, for all this, I will obtaine it of my lord; _it will
cost me but the expence of a few teares_.' Now she would make her
words good; and this great witt, the greatest master of reason and
judgement of his time, at the long runne, being storm'd by her _teares_
(I presume there were kisses and secret embraces that were also
ingredients), would this pious lady obtain her unreasonable desires of
her poor lord.
Haec verba, me hercule, una falsa lacrumula,
Quam, oculos terendo misere, vix vi expresserit,
Restinguet.
TERENT. _Eunuch._ Act 1, Scene 1.
N.B.:--my lord in his youth was very wild, and also mischievous, as
being apt to stabbe and doe bloudy mischiefs; but 'twas not long before
he tooke-up to be serious, and then grew to be an extraordinary hard
student. I have heard Dr. Ralph Bathurst[XXXVIII.] say that, when he
was a boy, my lord lived at Coventrey (where he had then a house), and
that he would sett up very late at nights at his study, and many times
came to the library at the schoole[XXXIX.] there.
[XXXVIII.] A mayd that lived with my lord lived with his father[BU].
[XXXIX.] There is Euclid's Harmoniques written with Philemon Holland's
owne hand, in a curious Greeke character; he was schoolmaster here.
The studies in fashion in those dayes (in England) were poetry, and
controversie with the church of Rome. My lord's mother was a zealous
papist, who being very earnest to have her son of her religion, and
her son upon that occasion, labouring hard to find the[585]trueth, was
so far at last from setling on the Romish church, that he setled and
rested in the Polish (I meane Socinianisme). He was the first Socinian
in England; and Dr. <Hugh> Crescy, of Merton Coll. (dean of <Leighlin>
in Ireland, afterwards a Benedictin monke), a great acquaintance of
my lord's in those dayes (anno ...), told me, at Samuel Cowper's
(1669), that he himselfe was the first that brought Socinus's bookes
(anno ...); shortly after, my lord comeing to him, and casting his eie
on them, would needs presently borrow them, to peruse; and was so
extremely taken and satisfied with them, that from that time was his
conversion.
My lord much lived at Tue, which is a pleasant seat, and about 12
miles from Oxford; his lordship was acquainted with the best witts of
that University, and his house was like a Colledge, full of learned
men[586]. Mr. William Chillingworth, of Trinity College in Oxford
(afterwards D.D.), was his most intimate and beloved favourite, and
was most commonly with my lord; next I may reckon (if not equall) Mr.
John Earles, of Merton College (who wrote the Characters); Dr. <George>
Eglionby, of Ch. Ch., was also much in esteem with his lordship. His
chaplaine, Charles Gataker, (filius <Thomae> Gataker of Redriff,
a writer), was an ingeniose young gentleman, but no writer[587].
For learned gentlemen of the country, his acquaintance was Sir H.
Rainesford, of ... neer Stratford-upon-Avon, now ... (quaere Tom
Mariet); Sir Francis Wenman[588], of Caswell, in Witney parish; Mr. ...
Sandys, the traveller and translator (who was uncle to my lady Wenman);
Ben. Johnson (vide Johnsonus Virbius, where he haz verses, and 'twas
his lordship, Charles Gattaker told me, that gave the name to it);
Edmund Waller, esq.; Mr. Thomas Hobbes, and all the excellent[589] of
that peaceable time.
In the civill warres he adhered to King Charles I, who after
Edge-hill fight made him Principall Secretary of Estate (with Sir
Edward Nicholas), which he dischardged with a great deale of witt
and prudence, only his advice was very unlucky to his Majestie, in
perswading him (after the victory[590] at Rowndway-downe, and the
taking of Bristowe), to sitt-downe before Glocester, which was so
bravely defended by that incomparably vigilant governor coll....
Massey, and the diligent and careful soldiers, and citizens (men and
woemen), that it so broke and weakned the king's army, that 'twas the
procatractique cause of his ruine: vide Mr. Hobbes. After this, all
the King's matters went worse and worse. Anno domini 164<3> at the
... fight (quaere which) at Newbery, my lord Falkland being there,
and having nothing to doe to chardge; as the 2 armies were engageing,
rode in like a mad-man (as he was) between them, and was (as he
needs must be) shott. Some that[591] were your superfine discoursing
politicians and fine gentlemen, would needs have the reason of this
mad action of throwing away his life so, to be his discontent for the
unfortunate advice given to his master as aforesaid; but, I have been
well enformed, by those that best knew him, and[592] knew the intrigues
behind the curtaine (as they say), that it was the griefe of the death
of Mris ... Moray, a handsome lady at court, who was his mistresse,
and whom he loved above all creatures, was the true cause of his being
so madly guilty of his own death, as afore mentioned: (_nullum magnum
ingenium sine mixtura dementiae_).
The next day, when they went to bury the dead, they could not find his
lordship's body, it was stript, trod-upon, and mangled; so there was
one that had wayted on him in his chamber would undertake to know it
from all other bodyes, by a certaine mole his lordship had in his neck,
and by that marke did find it. He lies interred in the ... at Great
Tue aforesaid, but, I thinke, yet without any monument; quaere if any
inscription.
In the dining roome there is a picture of his at length, and like him
('twas donne by Jacob de Valke, who taught me to paint). He was but a
little man, and of no great strength of body; he had blackish haire,
something flaggy, and I thinke his eies black. Dr. Earles would not
allow him to be a good poet, though a great witt; he writt not a smoth
verse, but a greate deal of sense. He hath writt....
He had an estate in Hertfordshire, at ..., which came by Morrison (as
I take it); sold not long before the late civill warres.
_Notes._
[BS] Aubrey gives in trick the coat 'argent, on a bend sable, 3 roses
of the field [Cary],' surmounted with a viscount's coronet and wreathed
with laurel for a poet.
[BT] A pencil note in the margin says: 'quaere Baron Berty'; perhaps
Vere Bertie, Puisne Baron of the Exchequer, 1675. The query would be
for the name of the tutor on the foreign tour.
[BU] i.e. a maid, formerly in Lucius, lord Falkland's service, came
into service with Dr. Bathurst's father, and told of his lordship's
late studies.
=Sir Charles Cavendish= (16..-1652?).
[593](From Mr. John Collins, mathematician:--) Sir Charles
Cavendish[BV] was borne at ..., the younger brother to William, duke of
Newcastle. He was a little, weake, crooked man, and nature having not
adapted him for the court nor campe, he betooke himselfe to the study
of the mathematiques, wherin he became a great master. His father left
him a good estate, the revenue wherof he expended on bookes and on
learned men.
He had collected in Italie, France, &c., with no small chardge, as
many manuscript mathematicall bookes as filled a hoggeshead, which he
intended to have printed; which if he had live<d> to have donne, the
growth of mathematicall learning had been 30 yeares or more forwarder
then 'tis. But he died of the scurvey, contracted by hard study, about
1652 (quaere), and left one Mr. ..., an attorney of Clifford's Inne,
his executor, who shortly after died, and left his wife executrix, who
sold this incomparable collection aforesaid by weight to the past-board
makers for wast paper. ☞ A good caution for those that have good MSS.
to take care to see them printed in their life-times.
He dyed ... and was buried in the vault of the family of the duke of
Newcastle, at Bolsover, in the countie of <Derby>.
He is mentioned by Mersennus. Dr. John Pell (who knew him, and made him
one of his XII jurymen contra Longomontanum) tells me that he writt
severall things in mathematiques for his owne pleasure.
_Note._
[BV] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:--'sable, 3 bucks' heads caboshed
argent [Cavendish]; quartering, argent, a fess between 3 crescents
gules [Ogle], a crescent on the fess point for difference,' with the
motto _Cavendo tutus_.
=Charles Cavendish=, Colonel, (1620-1643).
[594]Charles Cavendish, colonel, was second son to the right honourable
<William, 2nd> earle of Devonshire, brother to this present earle,
William.
He was borne at ... anno.... He was well educated, and then travelled
into France, Italie, &c.; but was so extremely delighted in travelling,
that he went into Greece, all over; and that would not serve his turne
but he would goe to Babylon, and then his governour would not adventure
to goe any further with him; but to see Babylon he was to march in the
Turks' armie. This account I had many yeares since, scilicet 1642, from
my cosen Edmund Lyte, who was then gentleman usher to his mother the
countesse dowager.
Mr. Thomas Hobbes told me that this Mr. Cavendish told him that the
Greekes doe sing their Greeke.--In Herefordshire they have a touch
of this singing; our old divines had. Our old vicar of Kington St.
Michael, Mr. Hynd, did sing his sermons rather then reade them. You
may find in Erasmus that the monkes used this fashion, who mocks them,
that sometimes they would be very lowe, and by and by they would be
mighty high, _quando nihil opus est_.--Anno 1660 comeing one morning
to Mr. Hobbes, his Greeke Xenophon lay open on the board: sayd he,
'Had you come but a little sooner you had found a Greeke here that
came to see me, who understands the old Greeke; I spake to him to read
here in this booke, and he sang it; which putt me in mind of what Mr.
Charles Cavendish told me' (as before); 'the first word is Ἔννοια,
he pronounced it _e̓́nnia_.' The better way to explaine it is by
prick-song,
[Illustration: Μῆνιν ἄειδε θεὰ Πηληϊάδεω Ἀχιλῆος · ἄνθρωπος.]
[595]Upon his returne into England the civill warres brake-out, and
he tooke a comission of a colonel in his majestie's cause, wherin
he did his majestie great service, and gave signall proofes of his
valour;--e.g. out of _Mercurii Aulici_--
Grantham, in Lincolnshire, taken by col. Cavendish for the
king, 23 March, 1642/3, and after demolished.--Young Hotham
routed at Ancaster by col. Cavendish, 11 Apr. 1643.--Parliament
forces routed or defeated at Dunnington by col. Cavendish, 13
June, 1643.
_Mercurius Aulicus_, Tuesday, Aug. 1, 1643; 'It was advertised
from Newarke that his majestie's forces having planted
themselves at the siege of Gainsborough in com. Linc., were
sett upon by the united powers of Cromwell, Nottingham, and
Lincolne, the garrisons of these townes being almost totally
drawn-out to make-up this army, which consisted of 24 troupes
of horse and dragoons. Against this force, col. Cavendish
having the command of 30 troupes of horse and dragoons,
drawes out 16 only, and leaving all the rest for a reserve,
advanced towards them, and engaged himselfe with this small
partie against all their strength. Which being observed by
the rebells, they gott between him and his reserve, routed
his 16 troupes, being forespent with often watches, killed
lievetenant-colonel Markam, most valiantly fighting in defence
of his king and countrey. The most noble and gallant colonel
himselfe, whilest he omitted no part of a brave commander,
being cutt most dangerously in the head, was struck-off his
horse, and so unfortunately shott with a brace of bullets after
he was on the ground, whose life was most pretious to all noble
and valiant gentlemen. Wherupon the reserve coming, routed and
cutt downe the partie.'
This was donne either the 28 or 29 of July, 1643, for upon this
terrible rout, the lord Willoughby of Parham forthwith yealded
Gainsborough to the king's partie, July 30; the earle of Newcastle
being then generall of that partie.
His body was first buried at ...,[XL.] but by order of his mother's
will, when she was buried at Darby (where she has erected a noble
monument for herselfe and lord) she ordered her sonne's body to be
removed, and both to be layd in the vault there together, which was
Feb. 18, 1674.
[XL.] Quaere if at Gainsborough or Newark? as I remember 'twas Newarke.
Funerall Sermon, by William Naylour, her chaplain, preached at Darby,
Feb. 18, 1674. Lond. for Henry Broome. Texte, 2 Sam. iii. 38th
verse.--page 16:
'He was the souldiers' mignion, and his majestie's darling,
designed by him generall of the northern horse (and his
commission was given him), a great marke of honour for one of
about five and twenty: "thus shall it be donne to the man whom
the king delights to honour."
'Col. Cavendish was a princely person, and all his actions were
agreable to that character: he had in an eminent degree that
which the Greekes call εἶδος ἄξιον τυραννίδος, the semblance
and appearance of a man made to governe. Methinkes he gave
cleare this indication, the king's cause lived with him, the
king's cause died with him--when Cromwell heard that he was
slaine, he cried upon it _We have donne our businesse_.
'And yet two things (I must confess) this commander knew not,
pardon his ignorance,--he knew not to flie away--he knew
not how to aske quarter--though an older did, I meane ...
Henderson; for when this bold person entred Grantham on the one
side, that wary gentleman, who should have attaqued it, fled
away on the other. If Cato thought it usurpation in Caesar to
give him his life, Cavendish thought it a greater for traytors
and rebells of a common size to give him his. This brave hero
might be opprest, (as he was at last by numbers) but he could
not be conquered; the dying words of Epaminondas will fitt him,
_Satis vixi, invictus etiam morior_.
[596]'What wonders might have been expected from a commander so
vigilant, so loyall, so constant, had he not dropt downe in his
blooming age? But though he fell in his green yeares, he[597]
fell a prince, and a great one too, in this respect greater
then Abner; for Abner, that son of Mars, deserved his father's
epithite, ἀλλοπρόσαλλος, _one of both sides_, first he setts-up
Isbosheth, and then deserts him. Whereas Cavendish merited such
a statue as the Roman senate decreed L. Vitellius, and the same
inscription, _Pietatis immobilis erga Principem_, one whose
loyaltie to his great master nothing could shake.
'Secondly, consider the noble Charles Cavendish in his
extraction, and so he is a branch of that family, of which some
descended that are kings of Scotland: this the word _Fuimus_
joyned to his maternall[XLI.] coate does plainly point at--not
to urge at this time his descent by the father's side from one
of the noblest families in England. An high extraction to some
persons is like the dropsie, the greatnesse of the man is his
disease, and renders him unweildie; but here is a person of
great extract free from the swelling of greatness, as brisk
and active as the lightest horseman that fought under him. In
some parts of India, they tell us, that a nobleman accounts
himselfe polluted if a plebeian touch him; but here is a
person of that rank who used the same familiaritie[XLII.] and
frankness amongst the meanest of his souldiers, the poorest
miner, and amongst his equalls; and by stooping so low, he rose
the higher in the common account, and was valued accordingly as
a prince[598], and a great one; thus Abner and Cavendish run
parallell in their titles and appellations.
[XLI.] His mother was daughter to the lord Bruce, whose ancestors had
been kings of Scotland.
[XLII.] Sir Robert Harley (son), an ingeniose gent. and expert
soldier, haz often sayd, that (generally) the commanders of the king's
army would never be acquainted with their soldiers, which was an
extraordinary prejudice to the kings cause. A captaine's good look, or
good word (some times), does infinitely winne them, and oblige them;
and he would say 'twas to admiration how souldiers will venture their
lives for an obligeing officer.--quod N. B.