Two classes of Aircraft are used in the field. Aeroplanes, which are
self-propelled and have an almost unlimited radius of action; and Kite
Balloons, which, in favourable weather, can be towed by a lorry and can
be moved frequently without loss of efficiency.
AEROPLANES are of the greatest value for reconnaissance and
inter-communication, and not only obtain, and return to their base
with, information of the highest value, but facilitate personal
reconnaissance of the battlefield by commanders and staff officers.
Their offensive and defensive action is also very great and the moral
effect of their offensive action is of the highest value. Although
aeroplane squadrons are mobile units they lose efficiency if the units
are moved too frequently. The action of aircraft in various phases of
fighting is dealt with throughout the Lectures.
KITE BALLOONS carry two observers, who can remain in telephonic
communication with the ground up to a {176} height of 5,000 feet.
Inflated balloons can be moved in favourable weather at a maximum speed
of 8 miles an hour while at a height of about 500 feet. Their extreme
vulnerability to artillery fire prevents their use close to the battle
front.