Counter-attack the soul of Defence--Reasons for adopting
defensive attitude (Chancellorsville)--Defensive-Offensive
Battles (Marengo, Austerlitz, and Waterloo)--Obligatory
Defensive--(Nachod; Thermopylae; Horatius Codes; Second Battle
of the Somme; Rorke's Drift; Le Quesnoy)--Voluntary occupation
for future use (Salamanca; Soissons; Hal and Tubize)--Delaying
Action--The Offensive Spirit--Defence in Modern
Warfare--Inventions have strengthened the Defence (Quotations
from Marshals Foch and French and from "F. S. R.")--Position
Warfare and its characteristics--Entrenchments (Torres
Vedras)--Defensive Systems--Choosing a position (Framework of
artillery and machine guns filled in with defensive posts
manned by Infantry)--The Outpost Zone--The Battle Position--The
"Semi-Permanent" System--Pill-boxes and Concrete Forts--Common
characteristics of Defensive Action--The Active Defence--Position
must suit plans--Must not be too extensive or
too narrow (Condé-Mons-Binche Line; Retreat from Mons;
Ypres)--Field of Fire--Flanks--Cover--Artillery
positions--Depth--Lateral Communications--Lines of
Withdrawal--Changes of Base (Retreat from Mons; Seven Days'
Battle; Campaign in the Wilderness)--Luring victorious enemy
away from battlefield (Grouchy at Wavre)--Line for Decisive
Counter-Attack (Ramillies; Belgians behind River Gette)--Dividing
the Troops--Troops to hold the Position--Rôle of Local Reserves
(Talavera; Fredericksburg)--General Reserve for Decisive
Counter-Attack (Spottsylvania)--Artillery positions--Division
into Sectors--Position of General Reserve (Second Battle of the
Somme)--Position and Action of the Cavalry (Roliça,
Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Sadowa; Rezonville; Balaclava;
First Battle of Le Cateau; Retreat from Mons; Cugny; No German
Cavalry available in Second Battle of the Somme to counteract
defensive action of British squadrons)--Rallying
Place--Reorganisation and Pursuit after Decisive Counter-attack.