GETTYSBURG--THIRD DAY.
The Stroke of Arms that shook the Continent--Longstreet opposed the
Attack as planned and made--The Confederate Column of Assault--It was
weak in Numbers but strong in Spirit--Tremendous Artillery Combat
begins the Day's Fighting--Charge of Generals Pickett, Trimble, and
Pettigrew--Armistead falls by the Side of the Federal Guns--The
Federal Cavalry Charge of General Farnsworth--The Commander falls with
Five Mortal Wounds--Could the Assaulting Column have been safely
augmented from Longstreet's Right?--Testimony as to that Point--Where
rested the Responsibility for Disaster?--Criticism of the Battle as a
whole--Cemetery Hill stronger than Marye's Hill at
Fredericksburg--Controverted Points--Casualties of the Three Days'
Fight--Organization of the Forces engaged.
General Lee has reported of arrangements for the day,--
"The general plan was unchanged. Longstreet, reinforced by Pickett's
three brigades, which arrived near the battle-field during the
afternoon of the 2d, was ordered to attack the next morning, and
General Ewell was ordered to attack the enemy's right at the same
time. The latter during the night reinforced General Johnson with two
brigades from Rodes's and one from Early's division."[133]
This is disingenuous. He did not give or send me orders for the morning of
the third day, nor did he reinforce me by Pickett's brigades for morning
attack. As his head-quarters were about four miles from the command, I did
not ride over, but sent, to report the work of the second day. In the
absence of orders, I had scouting parties out during the night in search
of a way by which we might strike the enemy's left, and push it down
towards his centre. I found a way that gave some promise of results, and
was about to move the command, when he rode over after sunrise and gave
his orders. His plan was to assault the enemy's left centre by a column to
be composed of McLaws's and Hood's divisions reinforced by Pickett's
brigades.[134] I thought that it would not do; that the point had been
fully tested the day before, by more men, when all were fresh; that the
enemy was there looking for us, as we heard him during the night putting
up his defences; that the divisions of McLaws and Hood were holding a mile
along the right of my line against twenty thousand men, who would follow
their withdrawal, strike the flank of the assaulting column, crush it, and
get on our rear towards the Potomac River; that thirty thousand men was
the minimum of force necessary for the work; that even such force would
need close co-operation on other parts of the line; that the column as he
proposed to organize it would have only about thirteen thousand men (the
divisions having lost a third of their numbers the day before); that the
column would have to march a mile under concentrating battery fire, and a
thousand yards under long-range musketry; that the conditions were
different from those in the days of Napoleon, when field batteries had a
range of six hundred yards and musketry about sixty yards.
He said the distance was not more than fourteen hundred yards. General
Meade's estimate was a mile or a mile and a half (Captain Long, the guide
of the field of Gettysburg in 1888, stated that it was a trifle over a
mile). He then concluded that the divisions of McLaws and Hood could
remain on the defensive line; that he would reinforce by divisions of the
Third Corps and Pickett's brigades, and stated the point to which the
march should be directed. I asked the strength of the column. He stated
fifteen thousand. Opinion was then expressed that the fifteen thousand men
who could make successful assault over that field had never been arrayed
for battle; but he was impatient of listening, and tired of talking, and
nothing was left but to proceed. General Alexander was ordered to arrange
the batteries of the front of the First and Third Corps, those of the
Second were supposed to be in position; Colonel Walton was ordered to see
that the batteries of the First were supplied with ammunition, and to
prepare to give the signal-guns for the opening combat. The infantry of
the Third Corps to be assigned were Heth's and Pettigrew's divisions and
Wilcox's brigade.
At the time of the conversation and arrangement of the assault by the
Confederate right, artillery fire was heard on our extreme left. It seems
that General Lee had sent orders to General Ewell to renew his battle in
the morning, which was intended, and directed, as a co-operation of the
attack he intended to order on his right, but General Ruger, anticipating,
opened his batteries against Ewell at daylight. The Union
divisions--Ruger's and Gary's--were on broken lines, open towards the
trenches held by the Confederates, so that assault by our line would
expose the force to fire from the enemy's other line. Ruger had occupied
the trenches left vacant on his right, and Gary reached to his left under
Greene, who held his line against the attack of the day before. It seems
that the Confederates failed to bring artillery up to their trenches, and
must make their fight with infantry, while on the Union side there were
some fifteen or twenty guns playing, and many more at hand if needed.
As the Union batteries opened, Johnson advanced and assaulted the enemy's
works on his right towards the centre and the adjacent front of the new
line, and held to that attack with resolution, putting in fresh troops to
help it from time to time. Ruger put two regiments forward to feel the way
towards Johnson's left. They got into hot engagement and were repulsed;
Johnson tried to follow, but was in turn forced back. He renewed his main
attack again, but unsuccessfully, and finally drew back to the trenches.
Ruger threw a regiment forward from his left which gained the stone wall;
his division was then advanced, and it recovered the entire line of
trenches.
While this contention was in progress the troops ordered for the column of
assault were marching and finding positions under the crest of the ridge,
where they could be covered during the artillery combat. Alexander put a
battery of nine guns under the ridge and out of the enemy's fire to be
used with the assaulting column.
General Lee said that the attack of his right was not made as early as
expected,--which he should not have said. He knew that I did not believe
that success was possible; that care and time should be taken to give the
troops the benefit of positions and the grounds; and he should have put an
officer in charge who had more confidence in his plan. Two-thirds of the
troops were of other commands, and there was no reason for putting the
assaulting forces under my charge. He had confidence in General Early, who
advised in favor of that end of the line for battle. Knowing my want of
confidence, he should have given the benefit of his presence and his
assistance in getting the troops up, posting them, and arranging the
batteries; but he gave no orders or suggestions after his early
designation of the point for which the column should march. Fitzhugh Lee
claims evidence that General Lee did not even appear on that part of the
field while the troops were being assigned to position.
As the commands reported, Pickett was assigned on the right, Kemper's and
Garnett's brigades to be supported by Armistead's; Wilcox's brigade of the
Third Corps in echelon and guarding Pickett's right; Pettigrew's division
on Pickett's left, supported by the brigades of Scales and Lane, under
command of General Trimble. The brigades of Pettigrew's division were
Archer's, Pettigrew's, Brockenbrough's, and Davis's. (General Archer
having been taken prisoner on the 1st, his brigade was under command of
Colonel Fry; General Scales being wounded on the same day, his brigade was
commanded by Colonel Lowrance.) The ridge upon which the commands were
formed was not parallel to that upon which the enemy stood, but bending
west towards our left, while the enemy's line bore northwest towards his
right, so that the left of the assaulting column formed some little
distance farther from the enemy's line than the right. To put the troops
under the best cover during the artillery combat they were thus posted for
the march, but directed to spread their steps as soon as the march opened
the field, and to gain places of correct alignment.
[Illustration: E. P. Alexander. Brigadier-General and Chief of Artillery,
First Corps.]
Meanwhile, the enemy's artillery on his extreme right was in practice more
or less active, but its meaning was not known or reported, and the
sharp-shooters of the command on the right had a lively fusillade about
eleven o'clock, in which some of the artillery took part. The order was
that the right was to make the signal of battle. General Lee reported that
his left attacked before due notice to wait for the opening could be
given, which was a mistake, inasmuch as the attack on his left was begun
by the Federals, which called his left to their work. General Meade was
not apprehensive of that part of the field, and only used the two
divisions of the Twelfth Corps, Shaler's brigade of the Sixth, and six
regiments of the First and Eleventh Corps in recovering the trenches of
his right, holding the other six corps for the battle of his centre and
left. He knew by the Confederate troops on his right just where the strong
battle was to be.
The director of artillery was asked to select a position on his line from
which he could note the effect of his practice, and to advise General
Pickett when the enemy's fire was so disturbed as to call for the assault.
General Pickett's was the division of direction, and he was ordered to
have a staff-officer or courier with the artillery director to bear notice
of the moment to advance.
The little affair between the skirmish lines quieted in a short time, and
also the noise on our extreme left. The quiet filing of one or two of our
batteries into position emphasized the profound silence that prevailed
during our wait for final orders. Strong battle was in the air, and the
veterans of both sides swelled their breasts to gather nerve and strength
to meet it. Division commanders were asked to go to the crest of the ridge
and take a careful view of the field, and to have their officers there to
tell their men of it, and to prepare them for the sight that was to burst
upon them as they mounted the crest.
Just then a squadron of Union cavalry rode through detachments of infantry
posted at intervals in rear of my right division. It was called a charge,
but was probably a reconnoissance.
Colonel Black had reported with a hundred of the First South Carolina
Cavalry, not all mounted, and a battery of horse artillery, and was put
across the Emmitsburg road, supported by infantry, in front of Merritt's
brigade of cavalry.
When satisfied that the work of preparation was all that it could be with
the means at hand, I wrote Colonel Walton, of the Washington Artillery,--
"HEAD-QUARTERS, July 3, 1863.
"COLONEL,--Let the batteries open. Order great care and precision in
firing. When the batteries at the Peach Orchard cannot be used against
the point we intend to attack, let them open on the enemy's on the
rocky hill.
"Most respectfully,
"JAMES LONGSTREET,
"_Lieutenant-General, Commanding_."
At the same time a note to Alexander directed that Pickett should not be
called until the artillery practice indicated fair opportunity. Then I
rode to a woodland hard by, to lie down and study for some new thought
that might aid the assaulting column. In a few minutes report came from
Alexander that he would only be able to judge of the effect of his fire by
the return of that of the enemy, as his infantry was not exposed to view,
and the smoke of the batteries would soon cover the field. He asked, if
there was an alternative, that it be carefully considered before the
batteries opened, as there was not enough artillery ammunition for this
and another trial if this should not prove favorable.
He was informed that there was no alternative; that I could find no way
out of it; that General Lee had considered and would listen to nothing
else; that orders had gone for the guns to give signal for the batteries;
that he should call the troops at the first opportunity or lull in the
enemy's fire.
The signal-guns broke the silence, the blaze of the second gun mingling in
the smoke of the first, and salvoes rolled to the left and repeated
themselves, the enemy's fine metal spreading its fire to the converging
lines, ploughing the trembling ground, plunging through the line of
batteries, and clouding the heavy air. The two or three hundred guns
seemed proud of their undivided honors and organized confusion. The
Confederates had the benefit of converging fire into the enemy's massed
position, but the superior metal of the enemy neutralized the advantage of
position. The brave and steady work progressed.
Before this the Confederates of the left were driven from their captured
trenches, and hope of their effective co-operation with the battle of the
right was lost, but no notice of it was sent to the right of the battle.
They made some further demonstrations, but they were of little effect.
Merritt's brigade of cavalry was in rear of my right, threatening on the
Emmitsburg road. Farnsworth's brigade took position between Merritt's and
close on my right rear. Infantry regiments and batteries were broken off
from my front line and posted to guard on that flank and rear.
Not informed of the failure of the Confederates on the left and the loss
of their vantage-ground, we looked with confidence for them to follow the
orders of battle.
General Pickett rode to confer with Alexander, then to the ground upon
which I was resting, where he was soon handed a slip of paper. After
reading it he handed it to me. It read:
"If you are coming at all, come at once, or I cannot give you proper
support, but the enemy's fire has not slackened at all. At least
eighteen guns are still firing from the cemetery itself.
"ALEXANDER."
Pickett said, "General, shall I advance?"
The effort to speak the order failed, and I could only indicate it by an
affirmative bow. He accepted the duty with seeming confidence of success,
leaped on his horse, and rode gayly to his command. I mounted and spurred
for Alexander's post. He reported that the batteries he had reserved for
the charge with the infantry had been spirited away by General Lee's chief
of artillery; that the ammunition of the batteries of position was so
reduced that he could not use them in proper support of the infantry. He
was ordered to stop the march at once and fill up his ammunition-chests.
But, alas! there was no more ammunition to be had.
The order was imperative. The Confederate commander had fixed his heart
upon the work. Just then a number of the enemy's batteries hitched up and
hauled off, which gave a glimpse of unexpected hope. Encouraging messages
were sent for the columns to hurry on,--and they were then on elastic
springing step. The officers saluted as they passed, their stern smiles
expressing confidence. General Pickett, a graceful horseman, sat
lightly in the saddle, his brown locks flowing quite over his shoulders.
Pettigrew's division spread their steps and quickly rectified the
alignment, and the grand march moved bravely on. As soon as the leading
columns opened the way, the supports sprang to their alignments. General
Trimble mounted, adjusting his seat and reins with an air and grace as if
setting out on a pleasant afternoon ride. When aligned to their places
solid march was made down the slope and past our batteries of position.
[Illustration: George E. Pickett]
Confederate batteries put their fire over the heads of the men as they
moved down the slope, and continued to draw the fire of the enemy until
the smoke lifted and drifted to the rear, when every gun was turned upon
the infantry columns. The batteries that had been drawn off were replaced
by others that were fresh. Soldiers and officers began to fall, some to
rise no more, others to find their way to the hospital tents. Single files
were cut here and there, then the gaps increased, and an occasional shot
tore wider openings, but, closing the gaps as quickly as made, the march
moved on. The divisions of McLaws and Hood were ordered to move to closer
lines for the enemy on their front, to spring to the charge as soon as the
breach at the centre could be made. The enemy's right overreached my left
and gave serious trouble. Brockenbrough's brigade went down and Davis's in
impetuous charge. The general order required further assistance from the
Third Corps if needed, but no support appeared. General Lee and the corps
commander were there, but failed to order help.
Colonel Latrobe was sent to General Trimble to have his men fill the line
of the broken brigades, and bravely they repaired the damage. The enemy
moved out against the supporting brigade in Pickett's rear. Colonel Sorrel
was sent to have that move guarded, and Pickett was drawn back to that
contention. McLaws was ordered to press his left forward, but the direct
fire of infantry and cross-fire of artillery was telling fearfully on the
front. Colonel Fremantle ran up to offer congratulations on the apparent
success, but the big gaps in the ranks grew until the lines were reduced
to half their length. I called his attention to the broken, struggling
ranks. Trimble mended the battle of the left in handsome style, but on the
right the massing of the enemy grew stronger and stronger. Brigadier
Garnett was killed, Kemper and Trimble were desperately wounded; Generals
Hancock and Gibbon were wounded. General Lane succeeded Trimble, and with
Pettigrew held the battle of the left in steady ranks.
Pickett's lines being nearer, the impact was heaviest upon them. Most of
the field officers were killed or wounded. Colonel Whittle, of Armistead's
brigade, who had been shot through the right leg at Williamsburg and lost
his left arm at Malvern Hill, was shot through the right arm, then brought
down by a shot through his left leg.
General Armistead, of the second line, spread his steps to supply the
places of fallen comrades. His colors cut down, with a volley against the
bristling line of bayonets, he put his cap on his sword to guide the
storm. The enemy's massing, enveloping numbers held the struggle until the
noble Armistead fell beside the wheels of the enemy's battery. Pettigrew
was wounded, but held his command.
General Pickett, finding the battle broken, while the enemy was still
reinforcing, called the troops off. There was no indication of panic. The
broken files marched back in steady step. The effort was nobly made, and
failed from blows that could not be fended. Some of the files were cut off
from retreat by fire that swept the field in their rear. Officers of my
staff, sent forward with orders, came back with their saddles and bridles
in their arms. Latrobe's horse was twice shot.
Looking confidently for advance of the enemy through our open field, I
rode to the line of batteries, resolved to hold it until the last gun was
lost. As I rode, the shells screaming over my head and ploughing the
ground under my horse, an involuntary appeal went up that one of them
might take me from scenes of such awful responsibility; but the storm to
be met left no time to think of one's self. The battery officers were
prepared to meet the crisis,--no move had been made for leaving the field.
My old acquaintance of Sharpsburg experience, Captain Miller, was walking
up and down behind his guns, smoking his pipe, directing his fire over the
heads of our men as fast as they were inside of the danger-line; the other
officers equally firm and ready to defend to the last. A body of
skirmishers put out from the enemy's lines and advanced some distance, but
the batteries opened severe fire and drove it back. Our men passed the
batteries in quiet walk, and would rally, I knew, when they reached the
ridge from which they started.
General Lee was soon with us, and with staff-officers and others assisted
in encouraging the men and getting them together.
As the attack failed, General Kilpatrick put his cavalry brigade under
General Farnsworth on the charge through the infantry detachment in rear
of my right division. The regiments of G. T. Anderson's brigade had been
posted at points in rear as guards against cavalry, and the First Texas,
Fourth and Fifteenth Alabama, and Bachman's and Reilly's batteries were
looking for that adventure. Farnsworth had a rough ride over rocks and
stone fences, but bore on in spite of all, cutting and slashing when he
could get at the skirmishers or detachments. He made a gallant ride along
the rear of our right, but was obliged to come under the infantry and
artillery fire at several points. He fell, pierced, it is said, by five
mortal wounds. Calls for him to surrender were made, but the cavalry were
not riding for that. The command lost heavily, but claimed captives equal
to their loss.
Kilpatrick's mistake was in not putting Farnsworth in on Merritt's left,
where he would have had an open ride, and made more trouble than was ever
made by a cavalry brigade. Had the ride been followed by prompt advance of
the enemy's infantry in line beyond our right and pushed with vigor, they
could have reached our line of retreat. General Meade ordered his left,
but delay in getting the orders and preparing to get through the rough
grounds consumed time, and the move was abandoned. The Fifth and Sixth
Corps were in convenient position, and would have had good ground for
marching after getting out of the rocky fastnesses of Round Top.
As we had no cavalry on our right, the Union cavalry was held on their
right to observe the Confederates under Stuart, except Kilpatrick's
division (and Custer's brigade of that division was retained on their
right). A little while after the repulse of our infantry column, Stuart's
cavalry advanced and was met by Gregg's, and made one of the severest and
most stubborn fights of cavalry on record. General Wade Hampton was
severely wounded. The Union forces held the field.
When affairs had quieted a little, and apprehension of immediate
counter-attack had passed, orders were sent the divisions of McLaws and
Hood to draw back and occupy the lines from which they had advanced to
engage the battle of the second. Orders sent Benning's brigade by the
division staff were not understood, and Benning, under the impression that
he was to relieve part of McLaws's division, which he thought was to be
sent on other service, ordered the Fifteenth Georgia Regiment to occupy
that position. When he received the second order he sent for his detached
regiment. Meanwhile, the enemy was feeling the way to his front, and
before Colonel DuBose received his second order, the enemy was on his
front and had passed his right and left flanks. The moment he received
the final order, Colonel DuBose made a running fight and escaped with
something more than half his men.
In regard to this, as to other battles in which the First Corps was
concerned, the knights of peaceful later days have been busy in search of
points on which to lay charges or make innuendoes of want of conduct of
that corps. General Early has been a picturesque figure in the
combination, ready to champion any reports that could throw a shadow over
its record, but the charge most pleasing to him was that of _treason_ on
the part of its commander. The subject was lasting, piquant, and so
consoling that one is almost inclined to envy the comfort it gave him in
his latter days.
Colonel Taylor and members of the staff claim that General Lee ordered
that the divisions of McLaws and Hood should be a part of the assaulting
column. Of this General Lee says,--
"General Longstreet was delayed by a force occupying the high, rocky
hill on the enemy's extreme left, from which his troops could be
attacked from reverse as they advanced. His operations had been
embarrassed the day previously from the same cause, and he now deemed
it necessary to defend his flank and rear with the divisions of Hood
and McLaws. He was therefore reinforced by Heth's division and two
brigades of Pender's, to the command of which Major-General Trimble
was assigned. General Hill was directed to hold his line with the rest
of the command, to afford General Longstreet further assistance if
required, and to avail himself of any success that might be gained."
Colonel Taylor says,--
"As our extreme right was comparatively safe, being well posted, and
not at all threatened, one of the divisions of Hood and McLaws, and a
greater part of the other, could be moved out of the lines and be made
to take part in the attack."
On this point I offer the evidence of General Warren before the Committee
of Investigation:
"General Meade had so arranged his troops on our left during the third
day that nearly one-half of our army was in reserve in that position.
It was a good, sheltered position, and a convenient one from which to
reinforce other points of the line, and when the repulse of the enemy
took place on that day, General Meade intended to move forward all the
forces he could get in hand and assault the enemy in line. He ordered
the advance of the Fifth Corps, but it was carried so slowly that it
did not amount to much, if anything."
General Hancock's evidence on that point is:
"General Meade told me before the fight that if the enemy attacked me,
he intended to put the Fifth and Sixth Corps on the enemy's flank."
From which it is evident that the withdrawal of the divisions of my right,
to be put in the column of assault, would have been followed by those
corps swinging around and enveloping the assaulting columns and gaining
Lee's line of retreat.
Colonel Venable thinks it a mistake to have put Heth's division in the
assaulting column. He says,--
"They were terribly mistaken about Heth's division in this planning.
It had not recuperated, having suffered more than was reported on the
first day."
But to accept for the moment Colonel Taylor's premises, the two divisions
referred to would have swelled the columns of assault to twenty-three
thousand men. We were alone in the battle as on the day before. The enemy
had seventy-five thousand men on strong ground, with well-constructed
defences. The Confederates would have had to march a mile through the
blaze of direct and cross fire and break up an army of seventy-five
thousand well-seasoned troops, well defended by field-works!
A rough sketch of the positions of the forces about my right and rear will
help to show if it "was comparatively safe, and not at all threatened."
[Illustration: GETTYSBURG, PA. July 3rd, 1863]
General Gibbon's testimony in regard to the assaulting columns of the 3d:
"I was wounded about the time I suppose the enemy's second line got
into our batteries,--probably a little before that. As described to me
afterwards, the result, I think, will carry out my idea in regard to
it, because the enemy broke through, forced back my weakest brigade
under General Webb, got into our batteries, and the men were so close
that the officers on each side were using their pistols on each other,
and the men frequently clubbed their muskets, and the clothes of men
on both sides were burned by the powder of exploding cartridges. An
officer of my staff, Lieutenant Haskell, had been sent by me, just
previously to the attack, to General Meade with a message that the
enemy were coming. He got back on the top of the hill hunting for me,
and was there when this brigade was forced back, and, without waiting
orders from me, he rode off to the left and ordered all the troops of
the division there to the right. As they came up helter-skelter,
everybody for himself, with their officers among them, they commenced
firing upon these rebels as they were coming into our lines."
Had the column been augmented by the divisions of my right, it is probable
that its brave men would have penetrated far enough to reach Johnson's
Island as prisoners; hardly possible that it could have returned to
General Lee by any other route.
When engaged collecting the broken files after the repulse, General Lee
said to an officer who was assisting, "It is all my fault."
A letter from Colonel W. M. Owen assures me that General Lee repeated this
remark at a roadside fire of the Washington Artillery on the 5th of July.
A letter from General Lee during the winter of 1863-64 repeated it in
substance.
And here is what Colonel T. J. Goree, of Texas, has to say upon the
subject:
"I was present, however, just after Pickett's repulse, when General
Lee so magnanimously took all the blame of the disaster upon himself.
Another important circumstance, which I distinctly remember, was in
the winter of 1863-64, when you sent me from East Tennessee to Orange
Court-House with some despatches to General Lee. Upon my arrival
there, General Lee asked me into his tent, where he was alone, with
two or three Northern papers on the table. He remarked that he had
just been reading the Northern reports of the battle of Gettysburg;
that he had become satisfied from reading those reports _that if he
had permitted you to carry out your plan, instead of making the attack
on Cemetery Hill, he would have been successful_."
Further testimony to this effect comes from another source:
"In East Tennessee, during the winter of 1863-64, you called me into
your quarters, and asked me to read a letter just received from
General Lee in which he used the following words: 'Oh, general, _had I
but followed your advice, instead of pursuing the course that I did,
how different all would have been_!' You wished me to bear this
language in mind as your correspondence might be lost.
"ERASMUS TAYLOR.
"ORANGE COUNTY, VA."
A contributor to _Blackwood's Magazine_ reported,--
"But Lee's inaction after Fredericksburg was, as we have called it, an
unhappy or negative blunder. Undoubtedly the greatest positive blunder
of which he was ever guilty was the unnecessary onslaught which he
gratuitously made against the strong position into which, by accident,
General Meade fell back at Gettysburg. We have good reason for saying
that during the five years of calm reflection which General Lee passed
at Lexington, after the conclusion of the American war, his maladroit
manipulation of the Confederate army during the Gettysburg campaign
was to him a matter of ceaseless self reproach.
"'If,' said he, on many occasions, 'I had taken General Longstreet's
advice on the eve of the second day of the battle of Gettysburg, and
filed off the left corps of my army behind the right corps, in the
direction of Washington and Baltimore, along the Emmitsburg road, the
Confederates would to-day be a free people.'"[135]
It should be stated that kindest relations were maintained between General
Lee and myself until interrupted by politics in 1867.
It is difficult to reconcile these facts with the reports put out after
his death by members of his family and of his staff, and _post-bellum_
champions, that indicate his later efforts to find points by which to so
work up public opinion as to shift the disaster to my shoulders.
Some of the statements of the members of the staff have been referred to.
General Fitzhugh Lee claims evidence that General Lee said that he would
have gained the battle if he had had General Jackson with him. But he had
Jackson in the Sharpsburg campaign, which was more blundering than that of
Gettysburg.[136] In another account Fitzhugh Lee wrote of General Lee,--
"He told the father of the writer, his brother, that he was controlled
too far by the great confidence he felt in the fighting qualities of
his people, and by assurances of most of his higher officers."
No assurances were made from officers of the First Corps, but rather
objections. The only assurances that have come to light, to be identified,
are those of General Early, who advised the battle, but _from the other
end of the line from his command_, which should have given warning that it
did not come from the heart of a true soldier.
And this is the epitome of the Confederate battle. The army when it set
out on the campaign was all that could be desired, (except that the arms
were not all of the most approved pattern), but it was despoiled of two of
its finest brigades, Jenkins's and Corse's of Pickett's division, and was
fought out by detail. The greatest number engaged at any one time was on
the first day, when twenty-six thousand engaged twenty thousand of the
First and part of the Eleventh Corps. On the afternoon of the second day
about seventeen thousand were engaged on the right, and at night about
seven thousand on the left; then later at night about three thousand near
the centre. On the third day about twelve thousand were engaged at
daylight and until near noon, and in the afternoon fifteen thousand,--all
of the work of the second and third days against an army of seventy
thousand and more of veteran troops in strong position defended by
field-works.
General Lee was on the field from about three o'clock of the afternoon of
the first day. Every order given the troops of the First Corps on that
field up to its march on the forenoon of the 2d was issued in his
presence. If the movements were not satisfactory in time and speed of
moving, it was his power, duty, and privilege to apply the remedy, but it
was not a part of a commander's duty or privilege to witness things that
did not suit him, fail to apply the remedy, and go off and grumble with
his staff-officers about it. In their efforts to show culpable delay in
the movements of the First Corps on the 2d, some of the Virginia writers
endeavor to show that General Lee did not even give me a guide to lead
the way to the field from which his battle was to be opened. He certainly
failed to go and look at it, and assist in selecting the ground and
preparing for action.
Fitzhugh Lee says of the second day, "Longstreet was attacking the Marye's
Hill of the position."[137] At Fredericksburg, General Burnside attacked
at Marye's Hill in six or more successive assaults with some twenty or
thirty thousand against three brigades under McLaws and Ransom and the
artillery; he had about four hundred yards to march from his covered ways
about Fredericksburg to Marye's Hill. When his last attack was repulsed in
the evening, he arranged and gave his orders for the attack to be renewed
in the morning, giving notice that he would lead it with the Ninth Corps,
but upon reports of his officers abandoned it. General Lee's assaulting
columns of fifteen or twenty thousand had a march of a mile to attack
double their numbers, better defended than were the three brigades of
Confederates at Marye's Hill that drove back Burnside. The enemy on
Cemetery Hill was in stronger position than the Confederates at Marye's
Hill.
Fitzhugh Lee writes in the volume already quoted,--
"Over the splendid scene of human courage and human sacrifice at
Gettysburg there arises in the South an apparition, like Banquo's
ghost at Macbeth's banquet, which says the battle was lost to the
Confederates because some one blundered."
Call them Banquo, but their name is Legion. Weird spirits keep midnight
watch about the great boulders, while unknown comrades stalk in ghostly
ranks through the black fastnesses of Devil's Den, wailing the lament,
"Some one blundered at Gettysburg! Woe is me, whose duty was to die!"
Fitzhugh Lee makes his plans, orders, and movements to suit his purpose,
and claims that they would have given Gettysburg to the Confederates, but
he is not likely to convince any one outside of his coterie that over the
heights of Gettysburg was to be found honor for the South.
General Meade said that the suggestion to work towards his line of
communication was sound "military sense." That utterance has been approved
by subsequent fair judgment, and it is that potent fact that draws the
spiteful fire of latter-day knights.
Forty thousand men, unsupported as we were, could not have carried the
position at Gettysburg. The enemy was there. Officers and men knew their
advantage, and were resolved to stay until the hills came down over them.
It is simply out of the question for a lesser force to march over broad,
open fields and carry a fortified front occupied by a greater force of
seasoned troops.
Referring to the proposed move around the Union left to cut the line of
communication, a parallel in the Franco-German war is appropriate. When
the manoeuvres of the campaign had pushed Marshal MacMahon's army back to
the road between Paris and Metz, the latter fortified and occupied by the
army under Marshal Bazaine, MacMahon hesitated between Paris and Metz, and
was manoeuvred out of position to a point north of the line. Von Moltke
seized the opportunity and took position on the line, which gave him
shorter routes east and west. So that MacMahon, to reach either point,
must pass the German forces under Von Moltke. He made a brave effort to
reach Metz, and Von Moltke, to maintain his advantage, was called to
skilful manoeuvre and several gallant affairs, but succeeded in holding
his advantage that must call MacMahon to general engagement or surrender.
Out-generalled, and with a demoralized army, he thought the latter his
proper alternative.
The relative conditions of the armies were similar. The Union army, beaten
at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, and drawn from its aggressive
campaign to defensive work in Pennsylvania, had met disaster in its battle
of the 1st. If it had been outgeneralled, and dislodged of position
without further attack, it would have been in poor condition to come in
aggressive battle against its adversary in well-chosen defensive grounds.
Again, in our own war, when the Union army carried the Confederate works
west of Petersburg on the 2d of April, 1865, General Meade got his army
together and was about to march east to finish his work by the capture of
Petersburg. General Grant objected,--that the Confederates would retreat
during the night; at Petersburg he would be behind them; in his then
position he would be alongside of them, and have an even start, with
better prospect to strike across their march and force them to general
battle or surrender; and he ordered arrangements for the march west at
daylight.
Even Napoleon Bonaparte, the first in the science and greatest in the
execution of the art of war, finally lost grasp of his grandest thought:
"In war men are nothing; a man is everything."[138]
The Confederate chief at Gettysburg looked something like Napoleon at
Waterloo.
Fitzhugh Lee quotes evidence of Governor Carroll, of Maryland, that
General Lee said, "Longstreet is the hardest man to move in my army."
It does not look like generalship to lose a battle and a cause and then
lay the responsibility upon others. He held command and was supported by
his government. If his army did not suit him, his word could have changed
it in a minute. If he failed to apply the remedy, it was his fault. Some
claim that his only fault as a general was his tender, generous heart. But
a heart in the right place looks more to the cause intrusted to its care
than for hidden ways by which to shift its responsibility to the shoulders
of those whose lives hang upon his word.
When he set out on his first campaign (Chickahominy) with the army, the
key of the campaign was intrusted to General Jackson, who named the hour
for the opening and failed to meet his own appointment. At the time he
appointed, A. P. Hill's, D. H. Hill's, and Longstreet's commands were in
position waiting. About eight hours after his time he was up, but
deliberately marched past the engagement and went into camp, a mile or
more behind the hot battle. He remained in his camp next morning, and
permitted the enemy, dislodged of his position of the day before, to march
by him to a strong position at Gaines's Mill. When his column reached that
position, his leading division (D. H. Hill's) engaged the enemy's right
without orders. He called the division off and put his command in position
to intercept the enemy's retreat towards the Pamunkey, from which he was
afterwards called to his part in the general engagement. The next day he
had the cavalry and part of his infantry in search of the enemy's next
move. At my head-quarters were two clever young engineers who were sent to
find what the enemy was about. They were the first to report the enemy's
retreat towards James River. Orders were given for Jackson to follow on
the direct line of retreat, also Magruder and Huger. My command was
ordered around through the outskirts of Richmond by the Darbytown road to
interpose between McClellan's army and the James River, about twenty
miles; the other troops marching by routes of about nine miles. We were in
position on the evening of the 29th of June, and stood in front of the
enemy all of the 30th, fighting a severe battle in the afternoon.
Magruder and Huger got up after night, and Jackson on the morning of the
1st. After the battle of the 1st, Jackson, Magruder, and Huger were
ordered in direct pursuit along the route of retreat, my command by the
longer route of Nance's Store. Jackson's column and mine met on the
evening of the 3d near Westover, the enemy's new position.
At the Second Manassas my command relieved the pressure against Jackson.
He called on me for relief by a route that would have taken an hour or an
hour and a half. A way was found by which he was relieved in about thirty
minutes. When relieved, he left the battle on my hands. I was at
Sharpsburg all day; Jackson only about two and a half hours. At
Fredericksburg, anticipating the move against him, half of my command was
ordered to swing off from my right and join in his battle.
But General Lee's assertion seems to refer to the operations at
Gettysburg, after Jackson had found his Happy Home. Let us see how far
this assertion is supported by events. General Lee reported,--
"The advance of the enemy to the latter place (Gettysburg) was
unknown, and, the weather being inclement, the march was conducted
with a view to the comfort of the troops."
When, on the forenoon of the 2d, he decided upon his plan, the Second
Corps was deployed in the immediate front of the enemy's line on our left,
except two brigades sent off by General Early. One division of the Third
was close on the right of the Second, all within thirty minutes' march of
the enemy's lines. Two divisions of the Third Corps and two of the First
were on Seminary Ridge. When the order was announced the divisions on
Seminary Ridge had to find their positions and deploy to the right. By the
route ordered for the march it was five or six miles to the point at which
the battle was to be opened. The troops of the Third had a shorter route.
The march of the First was made in time for prompt deployment on the right
of the Third.
We were left to our own resources in finding ground upon which to organize
for battle. The enemy had changed position somewhat after the march was
ordered, but as we were not informed of his position before the march, we
could not know of the change. The Confederate commander did not care to
ride near us, to give information of a change, to assist in preparing for
attack, nor to inquire if new and better combinations might be made.
Four brigades of the right of the Third Corps were assigned as part of my
command. The engagement was to be general. My artillery combat was opened
at three P.M., followed in half an hour by the infantry, and I made
progressive battle until sundown. A division of the Second Corps attacked
on our left at nightfall, and later two brigades. Other parts of the
Second and Third Corps did not move to the battle.
On the 3d I was ordered to organize the column of assault, the other corps
to co-operate and assist the battle. There was an affair on the
Confederate left before the assaulting columns were organized, brought on
by attack of the enemy. The assaulting force marched at one P.M. Its work
has been described, but it is important to note that neither of the other
corps took part in the battle while the Southern chief stood in view of
the attack and near the rear of those corps. So it looks as if the
commander of the First Corps was easier to move than any one in his army,
rather than harder, and his chief left him to fight the battles alone.
After the retreat, and when resting on the south banks of the Rapidan,
reading of the progress of the march of General Rosecrans's army towards
Georgia, it seemed sinful to lie there idle while our comrades in the
West were so in need of assistance, and I wrote the Secretary of War
suggesting that a detachment should be sent West from the idle army.
General Lee objected, but the suggestion was ordered to be executed. In
this instance the subordinate was easier to move than his chief, though
the interests of the cause depended largely on the movement of the latter.
[Illustration: WILLIAM BLAKE. Volunteered in the Eighteenth Mississippi at
the age of sixteen. Lost a leg at Gettysburg.]
The forces engaged at Gettysburg were:
CONFEDERATE.--According to the latest official accounts, the Army of
Northern Virginia, on the 31st of May, numbered 74,468. The detachments
that joined numbered 6400, making 80,868. Deducting the detachments left
in Virginia,--Jenkins's brigade, Pickett's division, 2300; Corse's
brigade, Pickett's division, 1700; detachments from Second Corps and of
cavalry, 1300, in all 5300,--leaves the actual aggregate 75,568.
UNION.--According to the reports of the 30th of June, and making allowance
for detachments that joined in the interim in time to take part in the
battle, the grand aggregate was 100,000[139] officers and men.
The Confederates lost many men after the battle, and before they recrossed
the Potomac, from the toils of the march and the continuous and severe
harassment of the enemy's cavalry, which followed closely and in great
force.
The casualties were:
CONFEDERATE.[140]
First Corps 7,539
Second Corps 5,937
Third Corps 6,735
Cavalry 1,426
------
Aggregate 21,637
UNION.[141]
First Corps 6,059
Second Corps 4,369
Third Corps 4,211
Fifth Corps 2,187
Sixth Corps 242
Eleventh Corps 3,801
Twelfth Corps 1,082
Cavalry 1,094
Staff 4
------
Aggregate 23,049
The organization of the contending armies at Gettysburg was as follows:
ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA, GENERAL ROBERT E. LEE, COMMANDING.
FIRST ARMY CORPS, LIEUTENANT-GENERAL JAMES LONGSTREET.
MCLAWS'S DIVISION, Maj.-Gen. Lafayette McLaws:--_Kershaw's Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. J. B. Kershaw; 2d S. C., Col. J. D. Kennedy, Lieut.-Col. F.
Gaillard; 3d S. C., Maj. R. C. Maffett, Col. J. D. Nance; 7th S. C.,
Col. D. Wyatt Aiken; 8th S. C., Col. J. W. Henagan; 15th S. C., Col.
W. D. De Saussure, Maj. William M. Gist; 3d S. C. Battn., Lieut.-Col.
W. G. Rice. _Barksdale's Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. William Barksdale, Col.
B. G. Humphreys; 13th Miss., Col. J. W. Carter; 17th Miss., Col. W. D.
Holder, Lieut.-Col. John C. Fiser; 18th Miss., Col. T. M. Griffin,
Lieut.-Col. W. H. Luse; 21st Miss., Col. B. G. Humphreys. _Semmes's
Brigade_,[142] Brig.-Gen. P. J. Semmes, Col. Goode Bryan; 10th Ga.,
Col. John B. Weems; 50th Ga., Col. W. R. Manning; 51st Ga., Col. E.
Ball; 53d Ga., Col. James P. Simms. _Wofford's Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. W.
T. Wofford; 16th Ga., Col. Goode Bryan; 18th Ga., Lieut.-Col. S. Z.
Ruff; 24th Ga., Col. Robert McMillan; Cobb's (Ga.) Legion, Lieut.-Col.
Luther J. Glenn; Phillips (Ga.) Legion, Lieut.-Col. E. S. Barclay.
_Artillery_, Col. H. C. Cabell; 1st N. C. Art., Batt. A, Capt. B. C.
Manly; Pulaski (Ga.) Art., Capt. J. C. Fraser, Lieut. W. J. Furlong;
1st Richmond Howitzers, Capt. E. S. McCarthy; Troup (Ga.) Art., Capt.
H. H. Carlton, Lieut. C. W. Motes.
PICKETT'S DIVISION, Maj.-Gen. George E. Pickett:--_Garnett's Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. R. B. Garnett, Maj. C. S. Peyton; 8th Va., Col. Eppa
Hunton; 18th Va., Lieut.-Col. H. A. Carrington; 19th Va., Col. Henry
Gantt, Lieut.-Col. John T. Ellis; 28th Va., Col. R. C. Allen,
Lieut.-Col. William Watts; 56th Va., Col. W. D. Stuart, Lieut.-Col. P.
P. Slaughter. _Kemper's Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. J. L. Kemper, Col. Joseph
Mayo, Jr.; 1st Va., Col. Lewis B. Williams, Lieut.-Col. F. G. Skinner;
3d Va., Col. Joseph Mayo, Jr., Lieut.-Col. A. D. Callcote; 7th Va.,
Col. W. T. Patton, Lieut.-Col. C. C. Flowerree; 11th Va., Maj.
Kirkwood Otey; 24th Va., Col. William R. Terry. _Armistead's Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. L. A. Armistead, Col. W. R. Aylett; 9th Va., Maj. John C.
Owens; 14th Va., Col. James G. Hodges, Lieut.-Col. William White; 38th
Va., Col. E. C. Edmonds, Lieut.-Col. P. B. Whittle; 53d Va., Col. W.
R. Aylett; 57th Va., Col. John Bowie Magruder. _Artillery_, Maj. James
Dearing; Fauquier (Va.) Art., Capt. R. M. Stribling; Hampden (Va.)
Art., Capt. W. H. Caskie; Richmond Fayette Art., Capt. M. C. Macon;
Virginia Batt., Capt. Joseph G. Blount.
HOOD'S DIVISION, Maj.-Gen. John B. Hood, Brig.-Gen. E. M. Law:--_Law's
Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. E. M. Law, Col. James L. Sheffield; 4th Ala.,
Lieut.-Col. L. H. Scruggs; 15th Ala., Col. William C. Oates, Capt. B.
A. Hill; 44th Ala., Col. William F. Perry; 47th Ala., Col. James W.
Jackson, Lieut.-Col. M. J. Bulger, Maj. J. M. Campbell; 48th Ala.,
Col. James L. Sheffield, Capt. T. J. Eubanks. _Robertson's Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. J. B. Robertson; 3d Ark., Col. Van H. Manning, Lieut.-Col.
R. S. Taylor; 1st Tex., Lieut.-Col. P. A. Work; 4th Tex., Col. J. C.
G. Key, Maj. J. P. Bane; 5th Tex., Col. R. M. Powell, Lieut.-Col. K.
Bryan, Maj. J. C. Rogers. _Anderson's Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. George T.
Anderson, Lieut.-Col. William Luffman; 7th Ga., Col. W. W. White; 8th
Ga., Col. John R. Towers; 9th Ga., Lieut.-Col. John C. Mounger, Maj.
W. M. Jones, Capt. George Hillyer; 11th Ga., Col. F. H. Little,
Lieut.-Col. William Luffman, Maj. Henry D. McDaniel, Capt. William H.
Mitchell; 59th Ga., Col. Jack Brown, Capt. M. G. Bass. _Benning's
Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Henry L. Benning; 2d Ga., Lieut.-Col. William T.
Harris, Maj. W. S. Shepherd; 15th Ga., Col. D. M. DuBose; 17th Ga.,
Col. W. C. Hodges; 20th Ga., Col. John A. Jones, Lieut.-Col. J. D.
Waddell. _Artillery_, Maj. M. W. Henry; Branch (N. C.) Art., Capt. A.
C. Latham; German (S. C.) Art., Capt. William K. Bachman; Palmetto (S.
C.) Light Art., Capt. Hugh R. Garden; Rowan (N. C.) Art., Capt. James
Reilly.
ARTILLERY RESERVE, Col. J. B. Walton:--_Alexander's Battalion_, Col.
E. P. Alexander; Ashland (Va.) Art., Capt. P. Woolfolk, Jr., Lieut.
James Woolfolk; Bedford (Va.) Art., Capt. T. C. Jordan; Brooks (S. C.)
Art., Lieut. S. C. Gilbert; Madison (La.) Light Art., Capt. George V.
Moody; Va. Batt., Capt. W. W. Parker; Va. Batt., Capt. O. B. Taylor.
_Washington (La.) Artillery_, Maj. B. F. Eshleman; First Co., Capt. C.
W. Squires; Second Co., Capt. J. B. Richardson; Third Co., Capt. M. B.
Miller; Fourth Co., Capt. Joe Norcom, Lieut. H. A. Battles.
SECOND ARMY CORPS, LIEUTENANT-GENERAL RICHARD S. EWELL. _Escort_,
Randolph's Company Virginia Cavalry, Capt. William F. Randolph.
EARLY'S DIVISION, Maj.-Gen. Jubal A. Early:--_Hays's Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. Harry T. Hays; 5th La., Maj. Alexander Hart, Capt. T. H.
Biscoe; 6th La., Lieut.-Col. Joseph Hanlon; 7th La., Col. D. B. Penn;
8th La., Col. T. D. Lewis, Lieut.-Col. A. de Blanc, Maj. G. A.
Lester; 9th La., Col. Leroy A. Stafford. _Smith's Brigade_, Brig.-Gen.
William Smith; 31st Va., Col. John S. Hoffman; 49th Va., Lieut.-Col.
J. Catlett Gibson; 52d Va., Lieut.-Col. James H. Skinner. _Hoke's
Brigade_, Col. Isaac E. Avery, Col. A. C. Godwin; 6th N. C., Maj. S.
McD. Tate; 21st N. C., Col. W. W. Kirkland; 57th N. C., Col. A. C.
Godwin. _Gordon's Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. J. B. Gordon; 13th Ga., Col.
James M. Smith; 26th Ga., Col. E. N. Atkinson; 31st Ga., Col. Clement
A. Evans; 38th Ga., Capt. William L. McLeod; 60th Ga., Capt. W. B.
Jones; 61st Ga., Col. John H. Lamar. _Artillery_, Lieut.-Col. H. P.
Jones; Charlottesville (Va.) Art., Capt. James McD. Carrington;
Courtney (Va.) Art., Capt. W. A. Tanner; Louisiana Guard Art., Capt.
C. A. Green; Staunton (Va.) Art., Capt. A. W. Garber.
JOHNSON'S DIVISION, Maj.-Gen. Edward Johnson:--_Steuart's Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. George H. Steuart; 1st Md. Battn. Inf., Lieut.-Col. J. R.
Herbert, Maj. W. W. Goldsborough, Capt. J. P. Crane; 1st N. C.,
Lieut.-Col. H. A. Brown; 3d N. C., Maj. W. M. Parsley; 10th Va., Col.
E. T. H. Warren; 23d Va., Lieut.-Col. S. T. Walton; 37th Va., Maj. H.
C. Wood. _Stonewall Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. James A. Walker; 2d Va., Col.
J. Q. A. Nadenbousch; 4th Va., Maj. William Terry; 5th Va., Col. J. H.
S. Funk; 27th Va., Lieut.-Col. D. M. Shriver; 33d Va., Capt. J. B.
Golladay. _Nicholls's Brigade_,[143] Col. J. M. Williams; 1st La.,
Capt. E. D. Willett; 2d La., Lieut.-Col. R. E. Burke; 10th La., Maj.
T. N. Powell; 14th La., Lieut.-Col. David Zable; 15th La., Maj. Andrew
Brady. _Jones's Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. John M. Jones, Lieut.-Col. R. H.
Dungan; 21st Va., Capt. W. P. Moseley; 25th Va., Col. J. C.
Higginbotham, Lieut.-Col. J. A. Robinson; 42d Va., Lieut.-Col. R. W.
Withers, Capt. S. H. Saunders; 44th Va., Maj. N. Cobb, Capt. T. R.
Buckner; 48th Va., Lieut.-Col. R. H. Dungan, Maj. Oscar White; 50th
Va., Lieut.-Col. L. H. N. Salyer. _Artillery_, Maj. J. W. Latimer,
Capt. C. I. Raine; 1st Md. Batt., Capt William F. Dement; Alleghany
(Va.) Art., Capt. J. C. Carpenter; Chesapeake (Md.) Art., Capt.
William D. Brown; Lee (Va.) Batt., Capt. C. I. Raine, Lieut. William
W. Hardwicke.
RODES'S DIVISION, Maj.-Gen. R. E. Rodes:--_Daniel's Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. Junius Daniel; 32d N. C., Col. E. C. Brabble; 43d N. C.,
Col. T. S. Kenan, Lieut.-Col. W. G. Lewis; 45th N. C., Lieut.-Col. S.
H. Boyd, Maj. John R. Winston, Capt. A. H. Gallaway, Capt. J. A.
Hopkins; 53d N. C., Col. W. A. Owens; 2d N. C. Battn., Lieut.-Col. H.
L. Andrews, Capt. Van Brown. _Doles's Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. George
Doles; 4th Ga., Lieut.-Col. D. R. E. Winn, Maj. W. H. Willis; 12th
Ga., Col. Edward Willis; 21st Ga., Col. John T. Mercer; 44th Ga., Col.
S. P. Lumpkin, Maj. W. H. Peebles. _Iverson's Brigade_, Brig.-Gen.
Alfred Iverson; 5th N. C.,[144] Capt. Speight B. West, Capt. Benjamin
Robinson; 12th N. C., Lieut.-Col. W. S. Davis; 20th N. C.,[145]
Lieut.-Col. Nelson Slough, Capt. Lewis T. Hicks; 23d N. C.,[146] Col.
D. H. Christie, Capt. William H. Johnston. _Ramseur's Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. S. D. Ramseur; 2d N. C., Maj. D. W. Hurtt, Capt. James T.
Scales; 4th N. C., Col. Bryan Grimes; 14th N. C., Col. R. Tyler
Bennett, Maj. Joseph H. Lambeth; 30th N. C., Col. Francis M. Parker,
Maj. W. W. Sillers. _O'Neal's Brigade_, Col. E. A. O'Neal; 3d Ala.,
Col. C. A. Battle; 5th Ala., Col. J. M. Hall; 6th Ala., Col. J. N.
Lightfoot, Capt. M. L. Bowie; 12th Ala., Col. S. B. Pickens; 26th
Ala., Lieut.-Col. John C. Goodgame. _Artillery_, Lieut.-Col. Thomas H.
Carter; Jeff Davis (Ala.) Art., Capt. W. J. Reese; King William (Va.)
Art., Capt. W. P. Carter; Morris (Va.) Art., Capt. R. C. M. Page;
Orange (Va.) Art., Capt. C. W. Fry. _Artillery Reserve_, Col. J.
Thompson Brown; 1st Va. Art., Capt. Willis J. Dance; 2d Richmond (Va.)
Howitzers, Capt. David Watson; 3d Richmond (Va.) Howitzers, Capt. B.
H. Smith, Jr.; Powhatan (Va.) Art., Lieut. John M. Cunningham;
Rockbridge (Va.) Art., Capt. A. Graham; Salem (Va.) Art., Lieut. C. B.
Griffin; Nelson's Battn., Lieut.-Col. William Nelson; Amherst (Va.)
Art., Capt. T. J. Kirkpatrick; Fluvanna (Va.) Art., Capt. J. L.
Massie; Ga. Batt., Capt. John Milledge, Jr.
THIRD ARMY CORPS, LIEUTENANT-GENERAL AMBROSE P. HILL.
ANDERSON'S DIVISION, Maj.-Gen. R. H. Anderson:--_Wilcox's Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. Cadmus M. Wilcox; 8th Ala., Lieut.-Col. Hilary A. Herbert;
9th Ala., Capt. J. H. King; 10th Ala., Col. William H. Forney,
Lieut.-Col. James E. Shelley; 11th Ala., Col. J. C. C. Sanders,
Lieut.-Col. George E. Tayloe; 14th Ala., Col. L. Pinckard, Lieut.-Col.
James A. Broome. _Mahone's Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. William Mahone; 6th
Va., Col. George T. Rogers; 12th Va., Col. D. A. Weisiger; 16th Va.,
Col. Joseph H. Ham; 41st Va., Col. William A. Parham; 61st Va., Col.
V. D. Groner. _Wright's Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. A. R. Wright, Col.
William Gibson; 3d Ga., Col. E. J. Walker; 22d Ga., Col. Joseph
Wasden, Capt. B. C. McCurry; 48th Ga., Col. William Gibson, Capt. M.
R. Hall; 2d Ga. Battn., Maj. George W. Ross, Capt. Charles J. Moffett.
_Perry's Brigade_, Col. David Lang; 2d Fla., Maj. W. R. Moore; 5th
Fla., Capt. R. N. Gardner; 8th Fla., Col. David Lang. _Posey's
Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Carnot Posey; 12th Miss., Col. W. H. Taylor; 16th
Miss., Col. Samuel E. Baker; 19th Miss., Col. N. H. Harris; 48th
Miss., Col. Joseph M. Jayne. _Artillery_ (_Sumter Battalion_), Maj.
John Lane; Co. A, Capt. Hugh M. Ross; Co. B, Capt. George M.
Patterson; Co. C, Capt. John T. Wingfield.
HETH'S DIVISION, Maj.-Gen. Henry Heth, Brig.-Gen. J. J.
Pettigrew:--_First Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. J. J. Pettigrew, Col. J. K.
Marshall; 11th N. C., Col. Collett Leventhorpe; 26th N. C., Col. Henry
K. Burgwyn, Jr., Capt. H. C. Albright; 47th N. C., Col. G. H.
Faribault; 52d N. C., Col. J. K. Marshall, Lieut.-Col. Marcus A.
Parks. _Second Brigade_, Col. J. M. Brockenbrough; 40th Va., Capt. T.
E. Betts, Capt. R. B. Davis; 47th Va., Col. Robert M. Mayo; 55th Va.,
Col. W. S. Christian; 22d Va. Battn., Maj. John S. Bowles. _Third
Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. James J. Archer, Col. B. D. Fry, Lieut.-Col. S.
G. Shepard; 13th Ala., Col. B. D. Fry; 5th Ala. Battn., Maj. A. S. Van
de Graaff; 1st Tenn. (provisional army), Maj. Felix G. Buchanan; 7th
Tenn., Lieut.-Col. S. G. Shepard; 14th Tenn., Capt. B. L. Phillips.
_Fourth Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Joseph R. Davis; 2d Miss., Col. J. M.
Stone; 11th Miss., Col. F. M. Green; 42d Miss., Col. H. R. Miller;
55th N. C., Col. J. K. Connally. _Artillery_, Lieut.-Col. John J.
Garnett; Donaldsonville (La.) Art., Capt. V. Maurin; Huger (Va.) Art.,
Capt. Joseph D. Moore; Lewis (Va.) Art., Capt. John W. Lewis; Norfolk
Light Art. Blues, Capt. C. R. Grandy.
PENDER'S DIVISION, Maj.-Gen. William D. Pender, Maj.-Gen. I. R.
Trimble, Brig.-Gen. James H. Lane:--_First Brigade_, Col. Abner
Perrin; 1st S. C. (provisional army), Maj. C. W. McCreary; 1st S. C.
Rifles, Capt. William M. Hadden; 12th S. C., Col. John L. Miller; 13th
S. C., Lieut.-Col. B. T. Brockman; 14th S. C., Lieut.-Col. Joseph N.
Brown. _Second Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. James H. Lane, Col. C. M. Avery;
7th N. C., Capt. J. McLeod Turner, Capt. James G. Harris; 18th N. C.,
Col. John D. Barry; 28th N. C., Col. S. D. Lowe, Lieut.-Col. W. H. A.
Speer; 33d N. C., Col. C. M. Avery; 37th N. C., Col. W. M. Barbour.
_Third Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Edward L. Thomas; 14th, 35th, 45th, and
49th Ga., Col. S. T. Player. _Fourth Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. A. M.
Scales, Lieut.-Col. G. T. Gordon, Col. W. Lee J. Lowrance; 13th N. C.,
Col. J. H. Hyman, Lieut.-Col. H. A. Rogers; 16th N. C., Capt. L. W.
Stowe; 22d N. C., Col. James Conner; 34th N. C., Col. William Lee J.
Lowrance, Lieut.-Col. G. T. Gordon; 38th N. C., Col. W. J. Hoke,
Lieut.-Col. John Ashford. _Artillery_, Maj. William T. Poague;
Albemarle (Va.) Art., Capt. James W. Wyatt; Charlotte (N. C.) Art.,
Capt. Joseph Graham; Madison (Miss.) Light Art., Capt. George Ward;
Virginia Batt., Capt. J. V. Brooke.
ARTILLERY RESERVE, Col. R. Lindsay Walker:--_McIntosh's Battalion_,
Maj. D. G. McIntosh; Danville (Va.) Art., Capt. R. S. Rice; Hardaway
(Ala.) Art., Capt. W. B. Hurt; 2d Rockbridge (Va.) Art., Lieut. Samuel
Wallace; Virginia Batt., Capt. M. Johnson. _Pegram's Battalion_, Maj.
W. J. Pegram, Capt. E. B. Brunson; Crenshaw (Va.) Batt.;
Fredericksburg (Va.) Art., Capt. E. A. Marye; Letcher (Va.) Art.,
Capt. T. A. Brander; Pee Dee (S. C.) Art., Lieut. William E.
Zimmerman; Purcell (Va.) Art., Capt. Joseph McGraw.
CAVALRY.
STUART'S DIVISION, Maj.-Gen. J. E. B. Stuart:--_Hampton's Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. Wade Hampton, Col. L. S. Baker; 1st N. C., Col. L. S.
Baker; 1st and 2d S. C.; Cobb's (Ga.) Legion, Jeff. Davis Legion,
Phillips (Ga.) Legion. _Robertson's Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Beverly H.
Robertson;[147] 4th N. C., Col. D. D. Ferebee; 5th N. C. _Fitzhugh
Lee's Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Fitzhugh Lee; 1st Md. Battn.,[148] Maj.
Harry Gilmor, Maj. Ridgely Brown; 1st Va., Col. James H. Drake; 2d
Va., Col. T. T. Munford; 3d Va., Col. Thomas H. Owen; 4th Va., Col.
William C. Wickham; 5th Va., Col. T. L. Rosser. _Jenkins's Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. A. G. Jenkins, Col. M. J. Ferguson; 14th, 16th, and 17th
Va.; 34th Va. Battn., Lieut.-Col. V. A. Witcher; 36th Va. Battn.;
Jackson's (Va.) Batt., Capt. Thomas E. Jackson. _Jones's Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. William E. Jones; 6th Va., Maj. C. E. Flournoy; 7th Va.,
Lieut.-Col. Thomas Marshall; 11th Va., Col. L. L. Lomax. _W. H. F.
Lee's Brigade_, Col. J. R. Chambliss, Jr.; 2d N. C.; 9th Va., Col. R.
L. T. Beale; 10th Va., Col. J. Lucius Davis; 13th Va. _Stuart's Horse
Artillery_, Maj. R. F. Beckham; Breathed's (Va.) Batt., Capt. James
Breathed; Chew's (Va.) Batt., Capt. R. P. Chew; Griffin's (Md.) Batt.,
Capt. W. H. Griffin; Hart's (S. C.) Batt., Capt. J. F. Hart;
McGregor's (Va.) Batt., Capt. W. M. McGregor; Moorman's (Va.) Batt.,
Capt. M. N. Moorman.
IMBODEN'S COMMAND,[149] Brig.-Gen. J. D. Imboden; 18th Va. Cav., Col.
George W. Imboden; 62d Va. Inf. (mounted), Col. George H. Smith;
Virginia Partisan Rangers, Capt. John H. McNeill; Virginia Batt.,
Capt. J. H. McClanahan.
ARTILLERY,[150] Brig.-Gen. W. N. Pendleton.
ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, MAJOR-GENERAL GEORGE G. MEADE, U. S. ARMY,
COMMANDING.
GENERAL HEAD-QUARTERS:--_Command of the Provost-Marshal-General_,
Brig.-General Marsena R. Patrick; 93d N. Y.,[151] Col. John S.
Crocker; 8th U. S. (8 cos.),[151] Capt. Edwin W. H. Reed; 2d Pa. Cav.,
Col. R. Butler Price; 6th Pa. Cav., Cos. E and I, Capt. James Starr;
Regular Cav. (detachments from 1st, 2d, 5th, and 6th Regiments).
SIGNAL CORPS, Capt. Lemuel B. Norton.
GUARDS AND ORDERLIES, Oneida (N. Y.) Cav., Capt. Daniel P. Mann.
ARTILLERY,[152] Brig.-Gen. Henry J. Hunt.
ENGINEER BRIGADE,[153] Brig.-Gen. Henry W. Benham:--15th N. Y. (3
cos.), Maj. Walter L. Cassin; 50th N. Y., Col. William H. Pettes; U.
S. Battn., Capt. George H. Mendell.
FIRST ARMY CORPS,[154] MAJOR-GENERAL ABNER DOUBLEDAY, MAJOR-GENERAL
JOHN NEWTON. _General Head-quarters_, 1st Me. Cav., Co. L, Capt.
Constantine Taylor.
FIRST DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. James S. Wadsworth:--_First Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. Solomon Meredith, Col. William W. Robinson; 19th Ind.,
Col. Samuel J. Williams; 24th Mich., Col. Henry A. Morrow, Capt.
Albert M. Edwards; 2d Wis., Col. Lucius Fairchild, Maj. John
Mansfield, Capt. George H. Otis; 6th Wis., Lieut.-Col. Rufus R. Dawes;
7th Wis., Col. William W. Robinson, Maj. Mark Finnicum. _Second
Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Lysander Cutler; 7th Ind., Col. Ira G. Grover;
76th N. Y., Maj. Andrew J. Grover, Capt. John E. Cook; 84th N. Y.
(14th Militia), Col. Edward B. Fowler; 95th N. Y., Col. George H.
Biddle, Maj. Edward Pye; 147th N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Francis C. Miller,
Maj. George Harney; 56th Pa. (9 cos.), Col. J. William Hofmann.
SECOND DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. John C. Robinson:--_First Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. Gabriel R. Paul, Col. Samuel H. Leonard, Col. Adrian R.
Root, Col. Richard Coulter, Col. Peter Lyle; 16th Me., Col. Charles W.
Tilden, Maj. Archibald D. Leavitt; 13th Mass., Col. Samuel H. Leonard,
Lieut.-Col. N. Walter Batchelder; 94th N. Y., Col. Adrian R. Root,
Maj. Samuel A. Moffett; 104th N. Y., Col. Gilbert G. Prey; 107th Pa.,
Lieut.-Col. James MacThomson, Capt. Emanuel D. Roath. _Second
Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Henry Baxter; 12th Mass., Col. James L. Bates,
Lieut.-Col. David Allen, Jr.; 83d N. Y. (9th Militia), Lieut.-Col.
Joseph A. Moesch; 97th N. Y., Col. Charles Wheelock, Maj. Charles
Northrup; 11th Pa.,[155] Col. Richard Coulter, Capt. Benjamin F.
Haines, Capt. John V. Overmyer; 88th Pa., Maj. Benezet F. Foust, Capt.
Henry Whiteside; 90th Pa., Col. Peter Lyle, Maj. Alfred J. Sellers.
THIRD DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. Thomas A. Rowley, Maj.-Gen. Abner
Doubleday:--_First Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Thomas A. Rowley, Col. Chapman
Biddle; 80th N. Y. (20th Militia), Col. Theodore B. Gates; 121st Pa.,
Maj. Alexander Biddle, Col. Chapman Biddle; 142d Pa., Col. Robert P.
Cummins, Lieut.-Col. A. B. McCalmont; 151st Pa., Lieut.-Col. George F.
McFarland, Capt. Walter L. Owens, Col. Harrison Allen. _Second
Brigade_, Col. Roy Stone, Col. Langhorne Wister, Col. Edmund L. Dana;
143d Pa., Col. Edmund L. Dana, Lieut.-Col. John D. Musser; 149th Pa.,
Lieut.-Col. Walton Dwight, Capt. James Glenn; 150th Pa., Col.
Langhorne Wister, Lieut.-Col. H. S. Huidekoper, Capt. Cornelius C.
Widdis. _Third Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. George J. Stannard, Col. Francis
V. Randall; 12th Vt.,[156] Col. Asa P. Blunt; 13th Vt., Col. Francis
V. Randall, Maj. Joseph J. Boynton, Lieut.-Col. William D. Munson;
14th Vt., Col. William T. Nichols; 15th Vt.,[156] Col. Redfield
Proctor; 16th Vt., Col. Wheelock G. Veazey. _Artillery Brigade_, Col.
Charles S. Wainwright; Me. Light, 2d Batt. B, Capt. James A. Hall; Me.
Light, 5th Batt. E, Capt. Greenleaf T. Stevens, Lieut. Edward N.
Whittier; 1st N. Y. Light, Batt. L,[157] Capt. Gilbert H. Reynolds,
Lieut. George Breck; 1st Pa. Light, Batt. B, Capt. James H. Cooper;
4th U. S., Batt. B, Lieut. James Stewart.
SECOND ARMY CORPS,[158] MAJOR-GENERAL WINFIELD S. HANCOCK,
BRIGADIER-GENERAL JOHN GIBBON. _General Head-quarters_, 6th N. Y.
Cav., Cos. D and K, Capt. Riley Johnson.
FIRST DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. John C. Caldwell:--_First Brigade_, Col.
Edward E. Cross, Col. H. Boyd McKeen; 5th N. H., Lieut.-Col. Charles
E. Hapgood; 61st N. Y., Lieut.-Col. K. Oscar Broady; 81st Pa., Col. H.
Boyd McKeen, Lieut.-Col. Amos Stroh; 148th Pa., Lieut.-Col. Robert
McFarlane. _Second Brigade_, Col. Patrick Kelly; 28th Mass., Col. R.
Byrnes; 63d N. Y. (2 cos.), Lieut.-Col. Richard C. Bentley, Capt.
Thomas Touhy; 69th N. Y. (2 cos.), Capt. Richard Moroney, Lieut. James
J. Smith; 88th N. Y. (2 cos.), Capt. Denis F. Burke; 116th Pa. (4
cos.), Maj. St. Clair A. Mulholland. _Third Brigade_, Brig.-Gen.
Samuel K. Zook, Lieut.-Col. John Fraser; 52d N. Y., Lieut.-Col. C. G.
Freudenberg, Capt. William Scherrer; 57th N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Alford B.
Chapman; 66th N. Y., Col. Orlando H. Morris, Lieut.-Col. John S.
Hammell, Maj. Peter Nelson; 140th Pa., Col. Richard P. Roberts,
Lieut.-Col. John Fraser. _Fourth Brigade_, Col. John R. Brooke; 27th
Conn. (2 cos.), Lieut.-Col. Henry C. Merwin, Maj. James H. Coburn; 2d
Del., Col. William P. Baily, Capt. Charles H. Christman; 64th N. Y.,
Col. Daniel G. Bingham, Maj. Leman W. Bradley; 53d Pa., Lieut.-Col.
Richards McMichael; 145th Pa. (7 cos.), Col. Hiram L. Brown, Capt.
John W. Reynolds, Capt. Moses W. Oliver.
SECOND DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. John Gibbon, Brig.-Gen. William
Harrow:--_First Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. William Harrow, Col. Francis E.
Heath; 19th Me., Col. Francis E. Heath, Lieut.-Col. Henry W.
Cunningham; 15th Mass., Col. George H. Ward, Lieut.-Col. George C.
Joslin; 1st Minn.,[159] Col. William Colvill, Jr., Capt. Nathan S.
Messick, Capt. Henry C. Coates; 82d N. Y. (2d Militia), Lieut.-Col.
James Huston, Capt. John Darrow. _Second Brigade_, Brig.-Gen.
Alexander S. Webb; 69th Pa., Col. Dennis O'Kane, Capt. William Davis;
71st Pa., Col. Richard Penn Smith; 72d Pa., Col. DeWitt C. Baxter,
Lieut.-Col. Theodore Hesser; 106th Pa., Lieut.-Col. William L. Curry.
_Third Brigade_, Col. Norman J. Hall; 19th Mass., Col. Arthur F.
Devereux; 20th Mass., Col. Paul J. Revere, Lieut.-Col. George N. Macy,
Capt. Henry L. Abbott; 7th Mich., Lieut.-Col. Amos E. Steele, Jr.,
Maj. Sylvanus W. Curtis; 42d N. Y., Col. James E. Mallon; 59th N. Y.
(4 cos.), Lieut.-Col. Max A. Thoman, Capt. William McFadden.
_Unattached_, Mass. Sharp-shooters, 1st Co., Capt. William Plumer,
Lieut. Emerson L. Bicknall.
THIRD DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. Alexander Hays:--_First Brigade_, Col.
Samuel S. Carroll; 14th Ind., Col. John Coons; 4th Ohio, Lieut.-Col.
Leonard W. Carpenter; 8th Ohio, Lieut.-Col. Franklin Sawyer; 7th W.
Va., Lieut.-Col. Jonathan H. Lockwood. _Second Brigade_, Col. Thomas
A. Smyth, Lieut.-Col. Francis E. Pierce; 14th Conn., Maj. Theodore G.
Ellis; 1st Del., Lieut.-Col. Edward P. Harris, Capt. Thomas P. Hizar,
Lieut. William Smith, Lieut. John T. Dent; 12th N. J., Maj. John T.
Hill; 10th N. Y. (Battn.), Maj. George F. Hopper; 108th N. Y.,
Lieut.-Col. Francis E. Pierce. _Third Brigade_, Col. George L.
Willard, Col. Eliakim Sherrill, Lieut.-Col. James M. Bull; 39th N. Y.
(4 cos.), Maj. Hugo Hildebrandt; 111th N. Y., Col. Clinton D.
McDougall, Lieut.-Col. Isaac M. Lusk, Capt. Aaron P. Seeley; 125th N.
Y., Lieut.-Col. Levin Crandell; 126th N. Y., Col. Eliakim Sherrill,
Lieut.-Col. James M. Bull. _Artillery Brigade_, Capt. John G. Hazard;
1st N. Y. Light, Batt. B,[160] Lieut. Albert S. Sheldon, Capt. James
McKay Rorty, Lieut. Robert E. Rogers; 1st R. I. Light, Batt. A, Capt.
William A. Arnold; 1st R. I. Light, Batt. B, Lieut. T. Fred. Brown,
Lieut. Walter S. Perrin; 1st U. S., Batt. I, Lieut. George A.
Woodruff, Lieut. Tully McCrea; 4th U. S., Batt. A, Lieut. Alonzo H.
Cushing, Sergt. Frederick Fuger.
THIRD ARMY CORPS, MAJOR-GENERAL DANIEL E. SICKLES, MAJOR-GENERAL DAVID
B. BIRNEY.
FIRST DIVISION, Maj.-Gen. David B. Birney, Brig.-Gen. J. H. Hobart
Ward:--_First Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Charles K. Graham, Col. Andrew H.
Tippin; 57th Pa. (8 cos.), Col. Peter Sides, Capt. Alanson H. Nelson;
63d Pa., Maj. John A. Danks; 68th Pa., Col. Andrew H. Tippin, Capt.
Milton S. Davis(?), 105th Pa., Col. Calvin A. Craig; 114th Pa.,
Lieut.-Col. Frederick F. Cavada, Capt. Edward R. Bowen; 141st Pa.,
Col. Henry J. Madill. _Second Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. J. H. Hobart Ward,
Col. Hiram Berdan; 20th Ind., Col. John Wheeler, Lieut.-Col. William
C. L. Taylor; 3d Me., Col. Moses B. Lakeman; 4th Me., Col. Elijah
Walker, Capt. Edwin Libby; 86th N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Benjamin L.
Higgins; 124th N. Y., Col. A. Van Horne Ellis, Lieut.-Col. Francis M.
Cummins; 99th Pa., Maj. John W. Moore; 1st U. S. Sharp-shooters, Col.
Hiram Berdan, Lieut.-Col. Caspar Trepp; 2d U. S. Sharp-shooters (8
cos.), Maj. Homer R. Stoughton. _Third Brigade_, Col. P. Regis de
Trobriand; 17th Me., Lieut.-Col. Charles B. Merrill; 3d Mich., Col.
Byron R. Pierce, Lieut.-Col. Edwin S. Pierce; 5th Mich., Lieut.-Col.
John Pulford; 40th N. Y., Col. Thomas W. Egan; 110th Pa. (6 cos.),
Lieut.-Col. David M. Jones, Maj. Isaac Rogers.
SECOND DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. Andrew A. Humphreys:--_First Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. Joseph B. Carr; 1st Mass., Lieut.-Col. Clark B. Baldwin;
11th Mass., Lieut.-Col. Porter D. Tripp; 16th Mass., Lieut.-Col. Waldo
Merriam, Capt. Matthew Donovan; 12th Mass., Capt. John F. Langley;
11th N. J., Col. Robert McAllister, Capt. Luther Martin, Lieut. John
Schoonover, Capt. William H. Lloyd, Capt. Samuel T. Sleeper; 26th Pa.,
Maj. Robert L. Bodine; 84th Pa.,[161] Lieut.-Col. Milton Opp. _Second
Brigade_, Col. William R. Brewster; 70th N. Y., Col. J. Egbert Farnum;
71st N. Y., Col. Henry L. Potter; 72d N. Y., Col. John S. Austin,
Lieut.-Col. John Leonard; 73d N. Y., Maj. Michael W. Burns; 74th N.
Y., Lieut.-Col. Thomas Holt; 120th N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Cornelius D.
Westbrook, Maj. John R. Tappen. _Third Brigade_, Col. George C.
Burling; 2d N. H., Col. Edward L. Bailey; 5th N. J., Col. William J.
Sewell, Capt. Thomas C. Godfrey, Capt. Henry H. Woolsey; 6th N. J.,
Lieut.-Col. Stephen R. Gilkyson; 7th N. J., Col. Louis R. Francine,
Maj. Frederick Cooper; 8th N. J., Col. John Ramsey, Capt, John G.
Langston; 115th Pa., Maj. John P. Dunne. _Artillery Brigade_, Capt.
George E. Randolph, Capt. A. Judson Clark; N. J. Light, 2d Batt.,
Capt. A. Judson Clark, Lieut. Robert Sims; 1st N. Y. Light, Batt. D,
Capt. George B. Winslow; N. Y. Light, 4th Batt., Capt. James E. Smith;
1st R. I. Light, Batt. E, Lieut. John K. Bucklyn, Lieut. Benjamin
Freeborn; 4th U. S., Batt. K, Lieut. Francis W. Seeley, Lieut. Robert
James.
FIFTH ARMY CORPS, MAJOR-GENERAL GEORGE SYKES. _General Head-quarters_,
12th N. Y. Inf., Cos. D and E, Capt, Henry W. Rider; 17th Pa. Cav.,
Cos. D and H, Capt. William Thompson.
FIRST DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. James Barnes:--_First Brigade_, Col.
William S. Tilton; 18th Mass., Col. Joseph Hayes; 22d Mass.,
Lieut.-Col. Thomas Sherwin, Jr.; 1st Mich., Col. Ira C. Abbott,
Lieut.-Col. William A. Throop; 118th Pa., Lieut.-Col. James Gwyn.
_Second Brigade_, Col. Jacob B. Sweitzer; 9th Mass., Col. Patrick R.
Guiney; 32d Mass., Col. G. L. Prescott; 4th Mich., Col. Harrison H.
Jeffords, Lieut.-Col. George W. Lumbard; 62d Pa., Lieut.-Col. James C.
Hull. _Third Brigade_, Col. Strong Vincent, Col. James C. Rice; 20th
Me., Col. Joshua L. Chamberlain; 16th Mich., Col. Norval E. Welch;
44th N. Y., Col. James C. Rice, Lieut.-Col. Freeman Conner; 83d Pa.,
Capt. Orpheus S. Woodward.
SECOND DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. Romeyn B. Ayres:--_First Brigade_, Col.
Hannibal Day; 3d U. S. (6 cos.), Capt. Henry W. Freedley, Capt.
Richard G. Lay; 4th U. S. (4 cos.), Capt. Julius W. Adams, Jr.; 6th U.
S. (5 cos.), Capt. Levi C. Bootes; 12th U. S. (8 cos.), Capt. Thomas
S. Dunn; 14th U. S. (8 cos.), Maj. Grotius R. Giddings. _Second
Brigade_, Col. Sidney Burbank; 2d U. S. (6 cos.), Maj. Arthur T. Lee,
Capt. Samuel A. McKee; 7th U. S. (4 cos.), Capt. David P. Hancock;
10th U. S. (3 cos.), Capt. William Clinton; 11th U. S. (6 cos.), Maj.
De Lancey Floyd-Jones; 17th U. S. (7 cos.), Lieut.-Col. J. Durell
Greene. _Third Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Stephen H. Weed, Col. Kenner
Garrard; 140th N. Y., Col. Patrick H. O'Rorke, Lieut.-Col. Louis
Ernst; 146th N. Y., Col. Kenner Garrard, Lieut.-Col. David T. Jenkins;
91st Pa., Lieut.-Col. Joseph H. Sinex; 155th Pa., Lieut.-Col. John H.
Cain.
THIRD DIVISION,[162] Brig.-Gen. Samuel W. Crawford:--_First Brigade_,
Col. William McCandless; 1st Pa. Reserves (9 cos.), Col. William C.
Talley; 2d Pa. Reserves, Lieut.-Col. George A. Woodward; 6th Pa.
Reserves, Lieut.-Col. Wellington H. Ent; 13th Pa. Reserves, Col.
Charles F. Taylor, Maj. William R. Hartshorne. _Third Brigade_, Col.
Joseph W. Fisher; 5th Pa. Reserves, Lieut.-Col. George Dare; 9th Pa.
Reserves, Lieut.-Col. James McK. Snodgrass; 10th Pa. Reserves, Col.
Adoniram J. Warner; 11th Pa. Reserves, Col. Samuel M. Jackson; 12th
Pa, Reserves (9 cos.), Col. Martin D. Hardin. _Artillery Brigade_,
Capt. Augustus P. Martin; Mass. Light, 3d Batt. C, Lieut. Aaron F.
Walcott; 1st N. Y. Light, Batt. C, Capt. Almont Barnes; 1st Ohio
Light, Batt. L, Capt, Frank C. Gibbs; 5th U. S., Batt. D, Lieut.
Charles E. Hazlett, Lieut. Benjamin F. Rittenhouse; 5th U. S., Batt.
I, Lieut. Malbone F. Watson, Lieut. Charles C. MacConnell.
SIXTH ARMY CORPS, MAJOR-GENERAL JOHN SEDGWICK. _General
Head-quarters_, 1st N. J. Cav., Co. L, 1st Pa. Cav., Co. H, Capt.
William S. Craft.
FIRST DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. Horatio G. Wright:--_Provost Guard_, 4th N.
J. (3 cos.), Capt. William R. Maxwell. _First Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. A.
T. A. Torbert; 1st N. J., Lieut.-Col. William Henry, Jr.; 2d N. J.,
Lieut.-Col. Charles Wiebecke; 3d N. J., Col. Edward L. Campbell; 15th
N. J., Col. William H. Penrose. _Second Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Joseph J.
Bartlett;[163] 5th Me., Col. Clark S. Edwards; 121st N. Y., Col. Emory
Upton; 95th Pa., Lieut.-Col. Edward Carroll; 96th Pa., Maj. William H.
Lessig. _Third Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. David A. Russell; 6th Me., Col.
Hiram Burnham; 49th Pa. (4 cos.), Lieut.-Col. Thomas M. Hulings; 119th
Pa., Col. Peter C. Ellmaker; 5th Wis., Col. Thomas S. Allen.
SECOND DIVISION,[164] Brig.-Gen. Albion P. Howe:--_Second Brigade_,
Col. Lewis A. Grant; 2d Vt., Col. James H. Walbridge; 3d Vt., Col.
Thomas O. Seaver; 4th Vt., Col. Charles B. Stoughton; 5th Vt.,
Lieut.-Col. John R. Lewis; 6th Vt., Col. Elisha L. Barney. _Third
Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Thomas H. Neill; 7th Me. (6 cos.), Lieut.-Col.
Selden Connor; 33d N. Y. (detachment), Capt. Henry J. Gifford; 43d N.
Y., Lieut.-Col. John Wilson; 49th N. Y., Col. Daniel D. Bidwell; 77th
N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Winsor B. French; 61st Pa., Lieut.-Col. George F.
Smith.
THIRD DIVISION, Maj.-Gen. John Newton,[165] Brig.-Gen. Frank
Wheaton:--First Brigade, Brig.-Gen. Alexander Shaler; 65th N. Y., Col.
Joseph E. Hamblin; 67th N. Y., Col. Nelson Cross; 122d N. Y., Col.
Silas Titus; 23d Pa., Lieut.-Col. John F. Glenn; 82d Pa., Col. Isaac
C. Bassett. _Second Brigade_, Col. Henry L. Eustis; 7th Mass.,
Lieut.-Col. Franklin P. Harlow; Tenth Mass., Lieut.-Col. Joseph B.
Parsons; 37th Mass., Col. Oliver Edwards; 2d R. I., Col. Horatio
Rogers, Jr. _Third Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Frank Wheaton, Col. David J.
Nevin; 62d N. Y., Col. David J. Nevin, Lieut.-Col. Theodore B.
Hamilton; 93d Pa., Maj. John I. Nevin; 98th Pa., Maj. John B. Kohler;
102d Pa.,[166] Col. John W. Patterson; 139th Pa., Col. Frederick H.
Collier, Lieut.-Col. William H. Moody. _Artillery Brigade_, Col.
Charles H. Tompkins; Mass. Light, 1st Batt. (A), Capt. William H.
McCartney; N. Y. Light, 1st Batt., Capt. Andrew Cowan; N. Y. Light, 3d
Batt., Capt. William A. Harn; 1st R. I. Light, Batt. C, Capt. Richard
Waterman; 1st R. I. Light, Batt. G, Capt. George W. Adams; 2d U. S.,
Batt. D, Lieut. Edward B. Williston; 2d U. S., Batt. G, Lieut. John H.
Butler; 5th U. S., Batt. F, Lieut. Leonard Martin.
ELEVENTH ARMY CORPS,[167] MAJOR-GENERAL OLIVER O. HOWARD. _General
Head-quarters_, 1st Ind. Cav., Cos. I and K, Capt. Abram Sharra; 8th
N. Y. Inf. (1 co.), Lieut. Herman Foerster.
FIRST DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. Francis C. Barlow, Brig.-Gen. Adelbert
Ames:--_First Brigade_, Col. Leopold von Gilsa; 41st N. Y. (9 cos.),
Lieut.-Col. Detleo von Einsiedel; 54th N. Y., Maj. Stephen Kovacs,
Lieut. Ernst Poth(?); 68th N. Y., Col. Gotthilf Bourry; 153d Pa., Maj.
John F. Frueauff. _Second Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Adelbert Ames, Col.
Andrew L. Harris; 17th Conn., Lieut.-Col. Douglas Fowler, Maj. Allen
G. Brady; 25th Ohio, Lieut.-Col. Jeremiah Williams; Capt. Nathaniel J.
Manning, Lieut. William Maloney, Lieut. Israel White; 75th Ohio, Col.
Andrew L. Harris, Capt. George B. Fox; 107th Ohio, Col. Seraphim
Meyer, Capt. John M. Lutz.
SECOND DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. Adolph von Steinwehr:--_First Brigade_,
Col. Charles R. Coster; 134th N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Allan H. Jackson;
154th N. Y., Lieut.-Col. D. B. Allen; 27th Pa., Lieut.-Col. Lorenz
Cantador; 73d Pa., Capt. D. F. Kelley. _Second Brigade_, Col. Orland
Smith; 33d Mass., Col. Adin B. Underwood; 136th N. Y., Col. James
Wood, Jr.; 55th Ohio, Col. Charles B. Gambee; 73d Ohio, Lieut.-Col.
Richard Long.
THIRD DIVISION, Maj.-Gen. Carl Schurz:--_First Brigade_, Brig.-Gen.
Alex. Schimmelfennig, Col. George von Amsberg; 82d Ill., Lieut.-Col.
Edward S. Salomon; 45th N. Y., Col. George von Amsberg; Lieut.-Col.
Adolphus Dobke; 157th N. Y., Col. Philip P. Brown, Jr.; 61st Ohio,
Col. Stephen J. McGroarty; 74th Pa., Col. Adolph von Hartung;
Lieut.-Col. Alexander von Mitzel, Capt. Gustav Schleiter, Capt. Henry
Krauseneck. _Second Brigade_, Col. W. Krzyzanowski; 58th N. Y.,
Lieut.-Col. August Otto, Capt. Emil Koenig; 119th N. Y., Col. John T.
Lockman, Lieut.-Col. Edward F. Lloyd; 82d Ohio, Col. James S.
Robinson, Lieut.-Col. David Thomson; 75th Pa., Col. Francis Mahler,
Maj. August Ledig; 26th Wis., Lieut.-Col. Hans Boebel, Capt. John W.
Fuchs. _Artillery Brigade_, Maj. Thomas W. Osborn; 1st N. Y. Light,
Batt. I, Capt. Michael Wiedrich; N. Y. Light, 13th Batt., Lieut.
William Wheeler; 1st Ohio Light, Batt. I., Capt, Hubert Dilger; 1st
Ohio Light, Batt. K, Capt. Lewis Heckman; 4th U. S., Batt. G., Lieut.
Bayard Wilkeson, Lieut. Eugene A. Bancroft.
TWELFTH ARMY CORPS, MAJOR-GENERAL HENRY W. SLOCUM,[168]
BRIGADIER-GENERAL ALPHEUS S. WILLIAMS. _Provost Guard_, 10th Me. (4
cos.), Capt. John D. Beardsley.
FIRST DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. Alpheus S. Williams, Brig.-Gen. Thomas H.
Ruger:--_First Brigade_, Col. Archibald L. McDougall; 5th Conn., Col.
W. W. Packer; 20th Conn., Lieut.-Col. William B. Wooster; 3d Md., Col.
Jos. M. Sudsburg; 123d N. Y., Lieut.-Col. James C. Rogers, Capt.
Adolphus H. Tanner; 145th N. Y., Col. E. L. Price; 46th Pa., Col.
James L. Selfridge. _Second Brigade_,[169] Brig.-Gen. Henry H.
Lockwood; 1st Md., Potomac Home Brigade, Col. William P. Maulsby; 1st
Md., Eastern Shore, Col. James Wallace; 150th N. Y., Col. John H.
Ketcham. _Third Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Thomas H. Ruger, Col. Silas
Colgrove; 27th Ind., Col. Silas Colgrove, Lieut.-Col. John R. Fesler;
2d Mass., Lieut. Col. Charles R. Mudge, Maj. Charles F. Morse; 13th N.
J., Col. Ezra A. Carman; 107th N. Y., Col. Nirom M. Crane; 3d Wis.,
Col. William Hawley.
SECOND DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. John W. Geary:--_First Brigade_, Col.
Charles Candy; 5th Ohio, Col. John H. Patrick; 7th Ohio, Col. William
R. Creighton; 29th Ohio, Capt. Wilbur F. Stevens, Capt. Edward Hayes;
66th Ohio, Lieut.-Col. Eugene Powell; 28th Pa., Capt. John Flynn;
147th Pa. (8 cos.), Lieut.-Col. Ario Pardee, Jr. _Second Brigade_,
Brig.-Gen. Thomas L. Kane, Col. George A. Cobham, Jr.; 29th Pa., Col.
William Rickards, Jr.; 109th Pa., Capt. F. L. Gimber; 111th Pa.,
Lieut.-Col. Thomas M. Walker, Col. George A. Cobham, Jr. _Third
Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. George S. Greene; 60th N. Y., Col. Abel Godard;
78th N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Herbert von Hammerstein; 102d N. Y., Col.
James C. Lane, Capt. Lewis R. Stegman; 137th N. Y., Col. David
Ireland; 149th N. Y., Col. Henry A. Barnum, Lieut.-Col. Charles B.
Randall. _Artillery Brigade_, Lieut. Edward D. Muhlenberg; 1st N. Y.
Light, Batt. M, Lieut. Charles E. Winegar; Pa. Light, Batt. E, Lieut.
Charles A. Atwell; 4th U. S., Batt. F, Lieut. Sylvanus T. Rugg; 5th U.
S., Batt. K, Lieut. David H. Kinzie.
CAVALRY CORPS, MAJOR-GENERAL ALFRED PLEASONTON.
FIRST DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. John Buford:--_First Brigade_, Col. William
Gamble; 8th Ill., Maj. John L. Beveridge; 12th Ill. (4 cos.), 3d Ind.
(6 cos.), Col. George H. Chapman; 8th N. Y., Lieut.-Col. William L.
Markell. _Second Brigade_, Col. Thomas C. Devin; 6th N. Y., Maj.
William E. Beardsley; 9th N. Y., Col. William Sackett; 17th Pa., Col.
J. H. Kellogg; 3d W. Va. (2 cos.), Capt. Seymour B. Conger. _Reserve
Brigade_, Brig.-Gen. Wesley Merritt; 6th Pa., Maj. James H. Haseltine;
1st U. S., Capt. Richard S. C. Lord; 2d U. S., Capt. T. F.
Rodenbough; 5th U. S., Capt. Julius W. Mason; 6th U. S., Maj. Samuel
H. Starr, Lieut. Louis H. Carpenter, Lieut. Nicholas Nolan, Capt. Ira
W. Claflin.
SECOND DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. David McM. Gregg:--_Head-quarters Guard_,
1st Ohio, Co. A, Capt. Noah Jones. _First Brigade_, Col. John B.
McIntosh; 1st Md. (11 cos.), Lieut.-Col. James M. Deems; Purnell (Md.)
Legion, Co. A, Capt. Robert E. Duvall; 1st Mass.,[170] Lieut.-Col.
Greely S. Curtis; 1st N. J., Maj. M. H. Beaumont; 1st Pa., Col. John
P. Taylor, 3d Pa., Lieut.-Col. E. S. Jones; 3d Pa. Heavy Art., Section
Batt. H,[171] Capt. W. D. Rank. _Second Brigade_,[172] Col. Pennock
Huey; 2d N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Otto Harhaus; 4th N. Y., Lieut.-Col.
Augustus Pruyn; 6th Ohio (10 cos.), Maj. William Stedman; 8th Pa.,
Capt. William A. Corrie. _Third Brigade_, Col. J. Irvin Gregg; 1st Me.
(10 cos.), Lieut.-Col. Charles H. Smith; 10th N. Y., Maj. M. Henry
Avery; 4th Pa., Lieut.-Col. William E. Doster; 16th Pa., Lieut.-Col.
John K. Robison.
THIRD DIVISION, Brig.-Gen. Judson Kilpatrick:--_Head-quarters Guard_,
1st Ohio, Co. C, Capt. Samuel N. Stanford. _First Brigade_, Brig.-Gen.
Elon J. Farnsworth, Col. Nathaniel P. Richmond; 5th N. Y., Maj. John
Hammond; 18th Pa., Lieut.-Col. William P. Brinton; 1st Vt.,
Lieut.-Col. Addison W. Preston; 1st W. Va. (10 cos.), Col. Nathaniel
P. Richmond, Maj. Charles E. Capehart. _Second Brigade_, Brig.-Gen.
George A. Custer; 1st Mich., Col. George H. Town; 5th Mich., Col.
Russell A. Alger; 6th Mich., Col. George Gray; 7th Mich. (10 cos.),
Col. William D. Mann.
HORSE ARTILLERY:--_First Brigade_, Capt. James M. Robertson; 9th Mich.
Batt., Capt. Jabez J. Daniels; 6th N. Y. Batt., Capt. Joseph W.
Martin; 2d U. S., Batts. B and L, Lieut. Edward Heaton; 2d U. S.,
Batt. M, Lieut. A. C. M. Pennington, Jr.; 4th U. S., Batt. E, Lieut.
Samuel S. Elder. _Second Brigade_, Capt. John C. Tidball; 1st U. S.,
Batts. E and G, Capt. Alanson M. Randol; 1st U. S., Batt. K, Capt.
William M. Graham; 2d U. S., Batt. A, Lieut. John H. Calef; 3d U. S.,
Batt. C., Lieut. William D. Fuller.[173]
ARTILLERY RESERVE, Brig.-Gen. Robert O. Tyler, Capt. James M.
Robertson. _Head-quarters Guard_, 32d Mass. Inf., Co. C, Capt. Josiah
C. Fuller. _First Regular Brigade_, Capt. Dunbar R. Ransom; 1st U. S.,
Batt. H, Lieut. Chandler P. Eakin, Lieut. Philip D. Mason; 3d U. S.,
Batts. F and K, Lieut. John G. Turnbull; 4th U. S., Batt. C, Lieut.
Evan Thomas; 5th U. S., Batt. C, Lieut. Gulian V. Weir. _First
Volunteer Brigade_, Lieut.-Col. Freeman McGilvery; Mass. Light, 5th
Batt. (E),[174] Capt. Charles A. Phillips; Mass. Light, 9th Batt.,
Capt. John Bigelow, Lieut. Richard S. Milton; N. Y. Light, 15th Batt.,
Capt. Patrick Hart; Pa. Light, Batts. C and F, Capt. James Thompson.
_Second Volunteer Brigade_, Capt. Elijah D. Taft; 1st Conn. Heavy,
Batt. B,[175] Capt. Albert F. Brooker; 1st Conn. Heavy, Batt. M,[175]
Capt. Franklin A. Pratt; Conn. Light, 2d Batt., Capt. John W.
Sterling; N. Y. Light, 5th Batt., Capt. Elijah D. Taft. _Third
Volunteer Brigade_, Capt. James F. Huntington; N. H. Light, 1st Batt.,
Capt. Frederick M. Edgell; 1st Ohio Light, Batt. H, Lieut. George W.
Norton; 1st Pa. Light, Batts. F and G, Capt. R. Bruce Ricketts; W. Va.
Light, Batt. C, Capt. Wallace Hill. _Fourth Volunteer Brigade_, Capt.
Robert H. Fitzhugh; Me. Light, 6th Batt. (F), Lieut. Edwin B. Dow; Md.
Light, Batt. A, Capt. James H. Rigby; N. J. Light, 1st Batt., Lieut.
Augustus N. Parsons; 1st N. Y. Light, Batt. G, Capt. Nelson Ames; 1st
N. Y. Light, Batt. K,[176] Capt. Robert H. Fitzhugh. _Train Guard_,
4th N. J. Inf. (7 cos.), Maj. Charles Ewing.
PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEERS AND MILITIA.
_Called into Service during the Gettysburg Campaign._[177]
_Emergency Militia._--Ind. Co. Cav. (Murray Troop), Capt. Frank A.
Murray; Ind. Co. Cav. (First Philadelphia City Troop), Capt. Samuel J.
Randall; Ind. Co. Cav. (Luzerne Rangers), Capt. Henry H. Brown; Ind.
Co. Cav. (Wissahickon Cav.), Capt. Samuel W. Comly; Ind. Co. Cav.
(Continental Troop), Capt. Alban H. Myers; Ind. Co. Cav. (Curtin Horse
Guards), Capt. John W. Jones; Ind. Batt., Capt. E. Spencer Miller;
Ind. Batt., Capt. Henry D. Landis; 20th Inf., Col. William B. Thomas;
26th Inf., Col. William W. Jennings; 27th Inf., Col. Jacob G. Frick;
28th Inf., Col. James Chamberlin; 29th Inf., Col. Joseph W. Hawley;
30th Inf., Col. William N. Monies; 31st Inf., Col. John Newkumet; 33d
Inf. (Blue Reserves), Col. William W. Taylor; Ind. Battn. Inf.,
Lieut.-Col. Robert Litzinger; Ind. Co. Inf., Capt. John Spear; Ind.
Co. Inf., Capt. William B. Mann; Ind. Co. Inf., Capt. James B. German.
_Ninety-Days' Militia._--1st Battn. Cav., Lieut.-Col. Richard F.
Mason; Ind. Co. Cav., Capt. James M. Bell; Ind. Co. Cav., Capt.
William B. Dick; Ind. Co. Cav. (Dana Troop), Capt. R. W. Hammell; Ind.
Batt., Capt. Joseph M. Knap; Ind. Batt., Capt. Benoni Frishmuth; Ind.
Batt., Capt. W. C. Ermentrout; Ind. Batt. (2d Keystone Batt.), Capt.
Edward Fitzki; Ind. Batt. (Chester Co. Art.), Capt. George R. Guss;
32d Inf. (Gray Reserves), Col. Charles S. Smith; 34th Inf., Col.
Charles Albright; 35th Inf., Col. Henry B. McKean; 36th Inf., Col.
Henry C. Alleman; 37th Inf., Col. John Trout; 38th Inf., Col. Melchior
H. Horn; 39th Inf., Col. James Nagle; 40th Inf. (1st Coal Regt.), Col.
Alfred Day; 41st Inf., Col. Edward R. Mayer; 42d Inf., Col. Charles H.
Hunter; 43d Inf., Col. William W. Stott; 44th Inf. (Merchants' Regt.),
Col. Enos Woodward; 45th Inf., Col. James T. Clancy; 46th Inf., Col.
John J. Lawrence; 47th Inf., Col. James P. Wickersham; 48th Inf., Col.
John B. Embich; 49th Inf. (2d Corn Exchange), Col. Alexander Murphy;
50th Inf., Col. Emlen Franklin; 51st Inf. (2d Coal Regt.), Col.
Oliver Hopkinson; 52d Inf. (2d Union League), Col. William A. Gray;
53d Inf., Col. Henry Royer; 54th Inf., Col. Thomas F. Gallagher; 55th
Inf., Col. Robert B. McComb; 56th Inf., Col. Samuel B. Dick; 57th
Inf., Col. James R. Porter; 58th Inf., Col. George H. Bemus; 59th Inf.
(3d Union League), Col. George P. McLean; 60th Inf., Col. William F.
Small; Ind. Battn. Inf., Lieut.-Col. John McKeage; Ind. Co. Inf.,
Capt. Joseph K. Helmbold; Ind. Co. Inf., Capt. Horace A. Beale; Ind.
Co. Inf., Capt. Benjamin T. Green; Ind. Co. Inf., Capt. David Mitchel;
Ind. Co. Inf., Capt. Osborn E. Stephens; Ind. Co. Inf., Capt. William
F. Rich.
_Six Months' Volunteers._--20th Cav., Col. John E. Wynkoop; 21st Cav.,
Col. William H. Boyd; 22d Cav. (Battn.), Maj. B. Mortimer Morrow; 1st
Battn. Cav., Lieut.-Col. Richard C. Dale; Ind. Batt. (Park Batt.),
Capt. Horatio K. Tyler; Ind. Batt., Capt. W. H. Woodward; Ind. Batt.,
Capt. Robert J. Nevin; 1st Battn. Inf., Lieut.-Col. Joseph F. Ramsey;
2d Battn. Inf., Lieut.-Col. John C. Lininger; 3d Battn. Inf.,
Lieut.-Col. T. Ellwood Zell; Ind. Co. Inf., Capt. Samuel T. Griffith;
Ind. Co. Inf., Capt. William M. Schrock.