"The Congress of the State of Coahuila and Texas decrees as follows:"
Art. 1. All slaves to be registered.
Art. 2, 3. Births and deaths to be recorded.
Art. 4. "Those who introduce slaves, after the expiration of the term
specified in article 13 of the Constitution, shall be subject to the
penalties established by the general law of the 13th of July, 1824."
_Ibid._, pp. 78-9.
~1828, Feb. 25. Congress (House): Proposed Bill to Abolish African
Agency, etc.~
"Mr. McDuffie, from the Committee of Ways and Means, ... reported the
following bill:
"A bill to abolish the Agency of the United States on the Coast of
Africa, to provide other means of carrying into effect the laws
prohibiting the slave trade, and for other purposes." This bill was
amended so as to become the act of May 24, 1828 (see below). _House
Reports_, 21 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 348, p. 278.
~1828, May 24. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
"An Act making an appropriation for the suppression of the slave trade."
_Statutes at Large_, IV. 302; _House Journal_, 20 Cong. 1 sess., House
Bill No. 190.
~1829, Jan. 28. Congress (House): Bill to Amend Act of 1807.~
The Committee on Commerce reported "a bill (No. 399) to amend an act,
entitled 'An act to prohibit the importation of slaves,'" etc. Referred
to Committee of the Whole. _House Journal_, 20 Cong. 2 sess. pp. 58, 84,
215. Cf. _Ibid._, 20 Cong. 1 sess. pp. 121, 135.
~1829, March 2. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
"An Act making additional appropriations for the support of the navy,"
etc.
"For the reimbursement of the marshal of Florida for expenses incurred
in the case of certain Africans who were wrecked on the coast of the
United States, and for the expense of exporting them to Africa,"
$16,000. _Statutes at Large_, IV. 353, 354.
~1830, April 7. Congress (House): Resolution against Slave-Trade.~
Mr. Mercer reported the following resolution:--
"_Resolved_, That the President of the United States be requested to
consult and negotiate with all the Governments where Ministers of the
United States are, or shall be accredited, on the means of effecting an
entire and immediate abolition of the African slave trade; and
especially, on the expediency, with that view, of causing it to be
universally denounced as piratical." Referred to Committee of the Whole;
no further action recorded. _House Journal_, 21 Cong. 1 sess. p. 512.
~1830, April 7. Congress (House): Proposition to Amend Act of March 3,
1819.~
Mr. Mercer, from the committee to which was referred the memorial of the
American Colonization Society, and also memorials, from the inhabitants
of Kentucky and Ohio, reported with a bill (No. 412) to amend "An act in
addition to the acts prohibiting the slave trade," passed March 3, 1819.
Read twice and referred to Committee of the Whole. _Ibid._
~1830, May 31. Congress (Statute): Appropriation.~
"An Act making a re-appropriation of a sum heretofore appropriated for
the suppression of the slave trade." _Statutes at Large_, IV. 425;
_Senate Journal_, 21 Cong. 1 sess. pp. 359, 360, 383; _House Journal_,
21 Cong. 1 sess. pp. 624, 808-11.
~1830. [Brazil: Prohibition of Slave-Trade.~
Slave-trade prohibited under severe penalties.]
~1831, 1833. [Great Britain and France: Treaty Granting Right of
Search.~
Convention between Great Britain and France granting a mutual limited
Right of Search on the East and West coasts of Africa, and on the coasts
of the West Indies and Brazil. _British and Foreign State Papers_,
1830-1, p. 641 ff; 1832-3, p. 286 ff.]
~1831, Feb. 16. Congress (House): Proposed Resolution on Slave-Trade.~
"Mr. Mercer moved to suspend the rule of the House in regard to motions,
for the purpose of enabling himself to submit a resolution requesting
the Executive to enter into negotiations with the maritime Powers of
Europe, to induce them to enact laws declaring the African slave trade
piracy, and punishing it as such." The motion was lost. Gales and
Seaton, _Register of Debates_, VII. 726.
~1831, March 2. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
"An Act making appropriations for the naval service," etc.
"For carrying into effect the acts for the suppression of the slave
trade," etc., $16,000. _Statutes at Large_, IV. 460, 462.
~1831, March 3. Congress (House): Resolution as to Treaties.~
"Mr. Mercer moved to suspend the rule to enable him to submit the
following resolution:
"_Resolved_, That the President of the United States be requested to
renew, and to prosecute from time to time, such negotiations with the
several maritime powers of Europe and America as he may deem expedient
for the effectual abolition of the African slave trade, and its ultimate
denunciation as piracy, under the laws of nations, by the consent of the
civilized world." The rule was suspended by a vote of 108 to 36, and the
resolution passed, 118 to 32. _House Journal_, 21 Cong. 2 sess. pp.
426-8.
~1833, Feb. 20. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
"An Act making appropriations for the naval service," etc.
" ... for carrying into effect the acts for the suppression of the slave
trade," etc., $5,000. _Statutes at Large_, IV. 614, 615.
~1833, August. Great Britain and France: Proposed Treaty with the United
States.~
British and French ministers simultaneously invited the United States to
accede to the Convention just concluded between them for the suppression
of the slave-trade. The Secretary of State, Mr. M'Lane, deferred answer
until the meeting of Congress, and then postponed negotiations on
account of the irritable state of the country on the slave question.
Great Britain had proposed that "A reciprocal right of search ... be
conceded by the United States, limited as to place, and subject to
specified restrictions. It is to be employed only in repressing the
Slave Trade, and to be exercised under a written and specific authority,
conferred on the Commander of the visiting ship." In the act of
accession, "it will be necessary that the right of search should be
extended to the coasts of the United States," and Great Britain will in
turn extend it to the British West Indies. This proposal was finally
refused, March 24, 1834, chiefly, as stated, because of the extension of
the Right of Search to the coasts of the United States. This part was
waived by Great Britain, July 7, 1834. On Sept. 12 the French Minister
joined in urging accession. On Oct. 4, 1834, Forsyth states that the
determination has "been definitely formed, not to make the United States
a party to any Convention on the subject of the Slave Trade."
_Parliamentary Papers_, 1835, Vol. LI., _Slave Trade_, Class B., pp.
84-92.
~1833, Dec. 23. Georgia: Slave-Trade Acts Amended.~
"An Act to reform, amend, and consolidate the penal laws of the State of
Georgia."
13th Division. "Offences relative to Slaves":--
§ 1. "If any person or persons shall bring, import, or introduce into
this State, or aid or assist, or knowingly become concerned or
interested, in bringing, importing, or introducing into this State,
either by land or by water, or in any manner whatever, any slave or
slaves, each and every such person or persons so offending, shall be
deemed principals in law, and guilty of a high misdemeanor, and ... on
conviction, shall be punished by a fine not exceeding five hundred
dollars each, for each and every slave, ... and imprisonment and labor
in the penitentiary for any time not less than one year, nor longer than
four years." Residents, however, may bring slaves for their own use, but
must register and swear they are not for sale, hire, mortgage, etc.
§ 6. Penalty for knowingly receiving such slaves, $500. Slightly amended
Dec. 23, 1836, e.g., emigrants were allowed to hire slaves out, etc.;
amended Dec. 19, 1849, so as to allow importation of slaves from "any
other slave holding State of this Union." Prince, _Digest_, pp. 619,
653, 812; Cobb, _Digest_, II. 1018.
~1834, Jan. 24. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
"An Act making appropriations for the naval service," etc.
"For carrying into effect the acts for the suppression of the slave
trade," etc., $5,000. _Statutes at Large_, IV. 670, 671.
~1836, March 17. Texas: African Slave-Trade Prohibited.~
Constitution of the Republic of Texas: General Provisions:--
§ 9. All persons of color who were slaves for life before coming to
Texas shall remain so. "Congress shall pass no laws to prohibit
emigrants from bringing their slaves into the republic with them, and
holding them by the same tenure by which such slaves were held in the
United States; ... the importation or admission of Africans or negroes
into this republic, excepting from the United States of America, is
forever prohibited, and declared to be piracy." _Laws of the Republic of
Texas_ (Houston, 1838), I. 19.
~1836, Dec. 21. Texas: Slave-Trade made Piracy.~
"An Act supplementary to an act, for the punishment of Crimes and
Misdemeanors."
§ 1. "_Be it enacted_ ..., That if any person or persons shall introduce
any African negro or negroes, contrary to the true intent and meaning of
the ninth section of the general provisions of the constitution, ...
except such as are from the United States of America, and had been held
as slaves therein, be considered guilty of piracy; and upon conviction
thereof, before any court having cognizance of the same, shall suffer
death, without the benefit of clergy."
§ 2. The introduction of Negroes from the United States of America,
except of those legally held as slaves there, shall be piracy. _Ibid._,
I. 197. Cf. _House Doc._, 27 Cong. 1 sess. No. 34, p. 42.
~1837, March 3. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
"An Act making appropriations for the naval service," etc.
"For carrying into effect the acts for the suppression of the slave
trade," etc., $11,413.57. _Statutes at Large_, V. 155, 157.
~1838, March 19. Congress (Senate): Slave-Trade with Texas, etc.~
"Mr. Morris submitted the following motion for consideration:
"_Resolved_, That the Committee on the Judiciary be instructed to
inquire whether the present laws of the United States, on the subject of
the slave trade, will prohibit that trade being carried on between
citizens of the United States and citizens of the Republic of Texas,
either by land or by sea; and whether it would be lawful in vessels
owned by citizens of that Republic, and not lawful in vessels owned by
citizens of this, or lawful in both, and by citizens of both countries;
and also whether a slave carried from the United States into a foreign
country, and brought back, on returning into the United States, is
considered a free person, or is liable to be sent back, if demanded, as
a slave, into that country from which he or she last came; and also
whether any additional legislation by Congress is necessary on any of
these subjects." March 20, the motion of Mr. Walker that this resolution
"lie on the table," was determined in the affirmative, 32 to 9. _Senate
Journal_, 25 Cong. 2 sess. pp. 297-8, 300.
~1839, Feb. 5. Congress (Senate): Bill to Amend Slave-Trade Acts.~
"Mr. Strange, on leave, and in pursuance of notice given, introduced a
bill to amend an act entitled an act to prohibit the importation of
slaves into any port in the jurisdiction of the United States; which was
read twice, and referred to the Committee on Commerce." March 1, the
Committee was discharged from further consideration of the bill.
_Congressional Globe_, 25 Cong. 3 sess. p. 172; _Senate Journal_, 25
Cong. 3 sess. pp. 200, 313.
~1839, Dec. 24. President Van Buren's Message.~
"It will be seen by the report of the Secretary of the navy respecting
the disposition of our ships of war, that it has been deemed necessary
to station a competent force on the coast of Africa, to prevent a
fraudulent use of our flag by foreigners.
"Recent experience has shown that the provisions in our existing laws
which relate to the sale and transfer of American vessels while abroad,
are extremely defective. Advantage has been taken of these defects to
give to vessels wholly belonging to foreigners, and navigating the
ocean, an apparent American ownership. This character has been so well
simulated as to afford them comparative security in prosecuting the
slave trade, a traffic emphatically denounced in our statutes, regarded
with abhorrence by our citizens, and of which the effectual suppression
is nowhere more sincerely desired than in the United States. These
circumstances make it proper to recommend to your early attention a
careful revision of these laws, so that ... the integrity and honor of
our flag may be carefully preserved." _House Journal_, 26 Cong. 1 sess.
pp. 117-8.
~1840, Jan. 3. Congress (Senate): Bill to Amend Act of 1807.~
"Agreeably to notice, Mr. Strange asked and obtained leave to bring in a
bill (Senate, No. 123) to amend an act entitled 'An act to prohibit the
importation of slaves into any port or place within the jurisdiction of
the United States from and after the 1st day of January, in the year
1808,' approved the 2d day of March, 1807; which was read the first and
second times, by unanimous consent, and referred to the Committee on the
Judiciary." Jan. 8, it was reported without amendment; May 11, it was
considered, and, on motion by Mr. King, "_Ordered_, That it lie on the
table." _Senate Journal_, 26 Cong. 1 sess. pp. 73, 87, 363.
~1840, May 4. Congress (Senate): Bill on Slave-Trade.~
"Mr. Davis, from the Committee on Commerce, reported a bill (Senate, No.
335) making further provision to prevent the abuse of the flag of the
United States, and the use of unauthorized papers in the foreign
slavetrade, and for other purposes." This passed the Senate, but was
dropped in the House. _Ibid._, pp. 356, 359, 440, 442; _House Journal_,
26 Cong. 1 sess. pp. 1138, 1228, 1257.
~1841, June 1. Congress (House): President Tyler's Message.~
"I shall also, at the proper season, invite your attention to the
statutory enactments for the suppression of the slave trade, which may
require to be rendered more efficient in their provisions. There is
reason to believe that the traffic is on the increase. Whether such
increase is to be ascribed to the abolition of slave labor in the
British possessions in our vicinity, and an attendant diminution in the
supply of those articles which enter into the general consumption of the
world, thereby augmenting the demand from other quarters, ... it were
needless to inquire. The highest considerations of public honor, as well
as the strongest promptings of humanity, require a resort to the most
vigorous efforts to suppress the trade." _House Journal_, 27 Cong. 1
sess. pp. 31, 184.
~1841, Dec. 7. President Tyler's Message.~
Though the United States is desirous to suppress the slave-trade, she
will not submit to interpolations into the maritime code at will by
other nations. This government has expressed its repugnance to the trade
by several laws. It is a matter for deliberation whether we will enter
upon treaties containing mutual stipulations upon the subject with other
governments. The United States will demand indemnity for all
depredations by Great Britain.
"I invite your attention to existing laws for the suppression of the
African slave trade, and recommend all such alterations as may give to
them greater force and efficacy. That the American flag is grossly
abused by the abandoned and profligate of other nations is but too
probable. Congress has, not long since, had this subject under its
consideration, and its importance well justifies renewed and anxious
attention." _House Journal_, 27 Cong. 2 sess. pp. 14-5, 86, 113.
~1841, Dec. 20. [Great Britain, Austria, Russia, Prussia, and France:
Quintuple Treaty.]~ _British and Foreign State Papers_, 1841-2, p. 269
ff.
~1842, Feb. 15. Right of Search: Cass's Protest.~
Cass writes to Webster, that, considering the fact that the signing of
the Quintuple Treaty would oblige the participants to exercise the Right
of Search denied by the United States, or to make a change in the
hitherto recognized law of nations, he, on his own responsibility,
addressed the following protest to the French Minister of Foreign
Affairs, M. Guizot:--
"LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES,
"PARIS, FEBRUARY 13, 1842.
"SIR: The recent signature of a treaty, having for its object
the suppression of the African slave trade, by five of the powers of
Europe, and to which France is a party, is a fact of such general
notoriety that it may be assumed as the basis of any diplomatic
representations which the subject may fairly require."
The United States is no party to this treaty. She denies the Right of
Visitation which England asserts. [Quotes from the presidential message
of Dec. 7, 1841.] This principle is asserted by the treaty.
" ... The moral effect which such a union of five great powers, two of
which are eminently maritime, but three of which have perhaps never had
a vessel engaged in that traffic, is calculated to produce upon the
United States, and upon other nations who, like them, may be indisposed
to these combined movements, though it may be regretted, yet furnishes
no just cause of complaint. But the subject assumes another aspect when
they are told by one of the parties that their vessels are to be
forcibly entered and examined, in order to carry into effect these
stipulations. Certainly the American Government does not believe that
the high powers, contracting parties to this treaty, have any wish to
compel the United States, by force, to adopt their measures to its
provisions, or to adopt its stipulations ...; and they will see with
pleasure the prompt disavowal made by yourself, sir, in the name of your
country, ... of any intentions of this nature. But were it otherwise,
... They would prepare themselves with apprehension, indeed, but without
dismay--with regret, but with firmness--for one of those desperate
struggles which have sometimes occurred in the history of the world."
If, as England says, these treaties cannot be executed without visiting
United States ships, then France must pursue the same course. It is
hoped, therefore, that his Majesty will, before signing this treaty,
carefully examine the pretensions of England and their compatibility
with the law of nations and the honor of the United States. _Senate
Doc._, 27 Cong. 3 sess. II. No. 52, and IV. No. 223; 29 Cong. 1 sess.
VIII. No. 377, pp. 192-5.
~1842, Feb. 26. Mississippi: Resolutions on Creole Case.~
The following resolutions were referred to the Committee on Foreign
Affairs in the United States Congress, House of Representatives, May 10,
1842:
"Whereas, the right of search has never been yielded to Great Britain,"
and the brig Creole has not been surrendered by the British authorities,
etc., therefore,
§ 1. "_Be it resolved by the Legislature of the State of Mississippi_,
That ... the right of search cannot be conceded to Great Britain without
a manifest servile submission, unworthy a free nation....
§ 2. "_Resolved_, That any attempt to detain and search our vessels, by
British cruisers, should be held and esteemed an unjustifiable outrage
on the part of the Queen's Government; and that any such outrage, which
may have occurred since Lord Aberdeen's note to our envoy at the Court
of St. James, of date October thirteen, eighteen hundred and forty-one,
(if any,) may well be deemed, by our Government, just cause of war."
§ 3. "_Resolved_, That the Legislature of the State, in view of the late
murderous insurrection of the slaves on board the Creole, their
reception in a British port, the absolute connivance at their crimes,
manifest in the protection extended to them by the British authorities,
most solemnly declare their firm conviction that, if the conduct of
those authorities be submitted to, compounded for by the payment of
money, or in any other manner, or atoned for in any mode except by the
surrender of the actual criminals to the Federal Government, and the
delivery of the other identical slaves to their rightful owner or
owners, or his or their agents, the slaveholding States would have most
just cause to apprehend that the American flag is powerless to protect
American property; that the Federal Government is not sufficiently
energetic in the maintenance and preservation of their peculiar rights;
and that these rights, therefore, are in imminent danger."
§ 4. _Resolved_, That restitution should be demanded "at all hazards."
_House Doc._, 27 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 215.
~1842, March 21. Congress (House): Giddings's Resolutions.~
Mr. Giddings moved the following resolutions:--
§ 5. "_Resolved_, That when a ship belonging to the citizens of any
State of this Union leaves the waters and territory of such State, and
enters upon the high seas, the persons on board cease to be subject to
the slave laws of such State, and therefore are governed in their
relations to each other by, and are amenable to, the laws of the United
States."
§ 6. _Resolved_, That the slaves in the brig Creole are amenable only to
the laws of the United States.
§ 7. _Resolved_, That those slaves by resuming their natural liberty
violated no laws of the United States.
§ 8. _Resolved_, That all attempts to re-enslave them are
unconstitutional, etc.
Moved that these resolutions lie on the table; defeated, 53 to 125. Mr.
Giddings withdrew the resolutions. Moved to censure Mr. Giddings, and he
was finally censured. _House Journal_, 27 Cong. 2 sess. pp. 567-80.
~1842, May 10. Congress (House): Remonstrance of Mississippi against
Right of Search.~
"Mr. Gwin presented resolutions of the Legislature of the State of
Mississippi, against granting the right of search to Great Britain for
the purpose of suppressing the African slave trade; urging the
Government to demand of the British Government redress and restitution
in relation to the case of the brig Creole and the slaves on board."
Referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. _House Journal_, 27 Cong.
2 sess. p. 800.
~1842, Aug. 4. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
"An Act making appropriations for the naval service," etc.
"For carrying into effect the acts for the suppression of the slave
trade," etc. $10,543.42. _Statutes at Large_, V. 500, 501.
~1842, Nov. 10. Joint-Cruising Treaty with Great Britain.~
"Treaty to settle and define boundaries; for the final suppression of
the African slave-trade; and for the giving up of criminals fugitive
from justice. Concluded August 9, 1842; ratifications exchanged at
London October 13, 1842; proclaimed November 10, 1842." Articles VIII.,
and IX. Ratified by the Senate by a vote of 39 to 9, after several
unsuccessful attempts to amend it. _U.S. Treaties and Conventions_
(1889), pp. 436-7; _Senate Exec. Journal_, VI. 118-32.
~1842, Dec. 7. President Tyler's Message.~
The treaty of Ghent binds the United States and Great Britain to the
suppression of the slave-trade. The Right of Search was refused by the
United States, and our Minister in France for that reason protested
against the Quintuple Treaty; his conduct had the approval of the
administration. On this account the eighth article was inserted, causing
each government to keep a flotilla in African waters to enforce the
laws. If this should be done by all the powers, the trade would be swept
from the ocean. _House Journal_, 27 Cong. 3 sess. pp. 16-7.
~1843, Feb. 22. Congress (Senate): Appropriation Opposed.~
Motion by Mr. Benton, during debate on naval appropriations, to strike
out appropriation "for the support of Africans recaptured on the coast
of Africa or elsewhere, and returned to Africa by the armed vessels of
the United States, $5,000." Lost; similar proposition by Bagby, lost.
Proposition to strike out appropriation for squadron, lost. March 3,
bill becomes a law, with appropriation for Africans, but without that
for squadron. _Congressional Globe_, 27 Cong. 3 sess. pp. 328, 331-6;
_Statutes at Large_, V. 615.
~1845, Feb. 20. President Tyler's Special Message to Congress.~
Message on violations of Brazilian slave-trade laws by Americans. _House
Journal_, 28 Cong. 2 sess. pp. 425, 463; _House Doc._, 28 Cong. 2 sess.
IV. No. 148. Cf. _Ibid._, 29 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 43.
~1846, Aug. 10. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
"For carrying into effect the acts for the suppression of the slave
trade, including the support of recaptured Africans, and their removal
to their country, twenty-five thousand dollars." _Statutes at Large_,
IX. 96.
~1849, Dec. 4. President Taylor's Message.~
"Your attention is earnestly invited to an amendment of our existing
laws relating to the African slave-trade, with a view to the effectual
suppression of that barbarous traffic. It is not to be denied that this
trade is still, in part, carried on by means of vessels built in the
United States, and owned or navigated by some of our citizens." _House
Exec. Doc._, 31 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 5, pp. 7-8.
~1850, Aug. 1. Congress (House): Bill for War Steamers.~
"A bill (House, No. 367) to establish a line of war steamers to the
coast of Africa for the suppression of the slave trade and the promotion
of commerce and colonization." Read twice, and referred to Committee of
the Whole. _House Journal_, 31 Cong. 1 sess. pp. 1022, 1158, 1217.
~1850, Dec. 16. Congress (House): Treaty of Washington.~
"Mr. Burt, by unanimous consent, introduced a joint resolution (No. 28)
'to terminate the eighth article of the treaty between the United
States and Great Britain concluded at Washington the ninth day of
August, 1842.'" Read twice, and referred to the Committee on Naval
Affairs. _Ibid._, 31 Cong. 2 sess. p. 64.
~1851, Jan. 22. Congress (Senate): Resolution on Sea Letters.~
"The following resolution, submitted by Mr. Clay the 20th instant, came
up for consideration:--
"_Resolved_, That the Committee on Commerce be instructed to inquire
into the expediency of making more effectual provision by law to prevent
the employment of American vessels and American seamen in the African
slave trade, and especially as to the expediency of granting sea letters
or other evidence of national character to American vessels clearing out
of the ports of the empire of Brazil for the western coast of Africa."
Agreed to. _Congressional Globe_, 31 Cong. 2 sess. pp. 304-9; _Senate
Journal_, 31 Cong. 2 sess. pp. 95, 102-3.
~1851, Feb. 19. Congress (Senate): Bill on Slave-Trade.~
"A bill (Senate, No. 472) concerning the intercourse and trade of
vessels of the United States with certain places on the eastern and
western coasts of Africa, and for other purposes." Read once. _Senate
Journal_, 31 Cong. 2 sess. pp. 42, 45, 84, 94, 159, 193-4;
_Congressional Globe_, 31 Cong. 2 sess. pp. 246-7.
~1851, Dec. 3. Congress (House): Bill to Amend Act of 1807.~
Mr. Giddings gave notice of a bill to repeal §§ 9 and 10 of the act to
prohibit the importation of slaves, etc. from and after Jan. 1, 1808.
_House Journal_, 32 Cong. 1 sess. p. 42. Cf. _Ibid._, 33 Cong. 1 sess.
p. 147.
~1852, Feb. 5. Alabama: Illegal Importations.~
By code approved on this date:--
§§ 2058-2062. If slaves have been imported contrary to law, they are to
be sold, and one fourth paid to the agent or informer and the residue to
the treasury. An agent is to be appointed to take charge of such
slaves, who is to give bond. Pending controversy, he may hire the slaves
out. Ormond, _Code of Alabama_, pp. 392-3.
~1853, March 3. Congress (Senate): Appropriation Proposed.~
A bill making appropriations for the naval service for the year ending
June 30, 1854. Mr. Underwood offered the following amendment:--
"For executing the provisions of the act approved 3d of March, 1819,
entitled 'An act in addition to the acts prohibiting the slave trade,'
$20,000." Amendment agreed to, and bill passed. It appears, however, to
have been subsequently amended in the House, and the appropriation does
not stand in the final act. _Congressional Globe_, 32 Cong. 2 sess. p.
1072; _Statutes at Large_, X. 214.
~1854, May 22. Congress (Senate): West India Slave-Trade.~
Mr. Clayton presented the following resolution, which was unanimously
agreed to:--
"_Resolved_, That the Committee on Foreign Relations be instructed to
inquire into the expediency of providing by law for such restrictions on
the power of American consuls residing in the Spanish West India islands
to issue sea letters on the transfer of American vessels in those
islands, as will prevent the abuse of the American flag in protecting
persons engaged in the African slave trade." June 26, 1854, this
committee reported "a bill (Senate, No. 416) for the more effectual
suppression of the slave-trade in American built vessels." Passed
Senate, postponed in House. _Senate Journal_, 33 Cong. 1 sess. pp. 404,
457-8, 472-3, 476; _House Journal_, 33 Cong. 1 sess. pp. 1093, 1332-3;
_Congressional Globe_, 33 Cong. 1 sess. pp. 1257-61, 1511-3, 1591-3,
2139.
~1854, May 29. Congress (Senate): Treaty of Washington.~
_Resolved_, "that, in the opinion of the Senate, it is expedient, and in
conformity with the interests and sound policy of the United States,
that the eighth article of the treaty between this government and Great
Britain, of the 9th of August, 1842, should be abrogated." Introduced by
Slidell, and favorably reported from Committee on Foreign Relations in
Executive Session, June 13, 1854. _Senate Journal_, 34 Cong. 1-2 sess.
pp. 396, 695-8; _Senate Reports_, 34 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 195.
~1854, June 21. Congress (Senate): Bill Regulating Navigation.~
"Mr. Seward asked and obtained leave to bring in a bill (Senate, No.
407) to regulate navigation to the coast of Africa in vessels owned by
citizens of the United States, in certain cases; which was read and
passed to a second reading." June 22, ordered to be printed. _Senate
Journal_, 33 Cong. 1 sess. pp. 448, 451; _Congressional Globe_, 33 Cong.
1 sess. pp. 1456, 1461, 1472.
~1854, June 26. Congress (Senate): Bill to Suppress Slave-Trade.~
"A bill for the more effectual suppression of the slave trade in
American built vessels." See references to May 22, 1854, above.
~1856, June 23. Congress (House): Proposition to Amend Act of 1818.~
Notice given of a bill to amend the Act of April 20, 1818. _House
Journal_, 34 Cong. 1 sess. II. 1101.
~1856, Aug. 18. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
To carry out the Act of March 3, 1819, and subsequent acts, $8,000.
_Statutes at Large_, XI. 90.
~1856, Nov. 24. South Carolina: Governor's Message.~
Governor Adams, in his annual message to the legislature, said:--
"It is apprehended that the opening of this trade [_i.e._, the
slave-trade] will lessen the value of slaves, and ultimately destroy the
institution. It is a sufficient answer to point to the fact, that
unrestricted immigration has not diminished the value of labor in the
Northwestern section of the confederacy. The cry there is, want of
labor, notwithstanding capital has the pauperism of the old world to
press into its grinding service. If we cannot supply the demand for
slave labor, then we must expect to be supplied with a species of labor
we do not want, and which is, from the very nature of things,
antagonistic to our institutions. It is much better that our drays
should be driven by slaves--that our factories should be worked by
slaves--that our hotels should be served by slaves--that our locomotives
should be manned by slaves, than that we should be exposed to the
introduction, from any quarter, of a population alien to us by birth,
training, and education, and which, in the process of time, must lead to
that conflict between capital and labor, 'which makes it so difficult to
maintain free institutions in all wealthy and highly civilized nations
where such institutions as ours do not exist.' In all slaveholding
States, true policy dictates that the superior race should direct, and
the inferior perform all menial service. Competition between the white
and black man for this service, may not disturb Northern sensibility,
but it does not exactly suit our latitude." _South Carolina House
Journal_, 1856, p. 36; Cluskey, _Political Text-Book_, 14 edition, p.
585.
~1856, Dec. 15. Congress (House): Reopening of Slave-Trade.~
"_Resolved_, That this House of Representatives regards all suggestions
and propositions of every kind, by whomsoever made, for a revival of the
African slave trade, as shocking to the moral sentiment of the
enlightened portion of mankind; and that any action on the part of
Congress conniving at or legalizing that horrid and inhuman traffic
would justly subject the government and citizens of the United States to
the reproach and execration of all civilized and Christian people
throughout the world." Offered by Mr. Etheridge; agreed to, 152 to 57.
_House Journal_, 34 Cong. 3 sess. pp. 105-11; _Congressional Globe_, 34
Cong. 3 sess. pp. 123-5, and Appendix, pp. 364-70.
~1856, Dec. 15. Congress (House): Reopening of Slave-Trade.~
"_Resolved_, That it is inexpedient to repeal the laws prohibiting the
African slave trade." Offered by Mr. Orr; not voted upon. _Congressional
Globe_, 34 Cong. 3 sess. p. 123.
~1856, Dec. 15. Congress (House): Reopening of Slave-Trade.~
"_Resolved_, That it is inexpedient, unwise, and contrary to the settled
policy of the United States, to repeal the laws prohibiting the African
slave trade." Offered by Mr. Orr; agreed to, 183 to 8. _House Journal_,
34 Cong. 3 sess. pp. 111-3; _Congressional Globe_, 34 Cong. 3 sess. pp.
125-6.
~1856, Dec. 15. Congress (House): Reopening of Slave-Trade.~
"_Resolved_, That the House of Representatives, expressing, as they
believe, public opinion both North and South, are utterly opposed to the
reopening of the slave trade." Offered by Mr. Boyce; not voted upon.
_Congressional Globe_, 34 Cong. 3 sess. p. 125.
~1857. South Carolina: Report of Legislative Committee.~
Special committee of seven on the slave-trade clause in the Governor's
message report: majority report of six members, favoring the reopening
of the African slave-trade; minority report of Pettigrew, opposing it.
_Report of the Special Committee_, etc., published in 1857.
~1857, March 3. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
To carry out the Act of March 3, 1819, and subsequent acts, $8,000.
_Statutes at Large_, XI. 227; _House Journal_, 34 Cong. 3 sess. p. 397.
Cf. _House Exec. Doc._, 34 Cong. 3 sess. IX. No. 70.
~1858, March (?). Louisiana: Bill to Import Africans.~
Passed House; lost in Senate by two votes. Cf. _Congressional Globe_, 35
Cong. 1 sess. p. 1362.
~1858, Dec. 6. President Buchanan's Message.~
"The truth is, that Cuba in its existing colonial condition, is a
constant source of injury and annoyance to the American people. It is
the only spot in the civilized world where the African slave trade is
tolerated; and we are bound by treaty with Great Britain to maintain a
naval force on the coast of Africa, at much expense both of life and
treasure, solely for the purpose of arresting slavers bound to that
island. The late serious difficulties between the United States and
Great Britain respecting the right of search, now so happily terminated,
could never have arisen if Cuba had not afforded a market for slaves. As
long as this market shall remain open, there can be no hope for the
civilization of benighted Africa....
"It has been made known to the world by my predecessors that the United
States have, on several occasions, endeavored to acquire Cuba from Spain
by honorable negotiation. If this were accomplished, the last relic of
the African slave trade would instantly disappear. We would not, if we
could, acquire Cuba in any other manner. This is due to our national
character.... This course we shall ever pursue, unless circumstances
should occur, which we do not now anticipate, rendering a departure from
it clearly justifiable, under the imperative and overruling law of
self-preservation." _House Exec. Doc._, 35 Cong. 2 sess. II. No. 2, pp.
14-5. See also _Ibid._, pp. 31-3.
~1858, Dec. 23. Congress (House): Resolution on Slave-Trade.~
On motion of Mr. Farnsworth,
"_Resolved_, That the Committee on Naval Affairs be requested to inquire
and report to this House if any, and what, further legislation is
necessary on the part of the United States to fully carry out and
perform the stipulations contained in the eighth article of the treaty
with Great Britain (known as the 'Ashburton treaty') for the suppression
of the slave trade." _House Journal_, 35 Cong. 2 sess. pp. 115-6.
~1859, Jan. 5. Congress (Senate): Resolution on Slave-Trade.~
On motion of Mr. Seward, Dec. 21, 1858,
"_Resolved_, That the Committee on the Judiciary inquire whether any
amendments to existing laws ought to be made for the suppression of the
African slave trade." _Senate Journal_, 35 Cong. 2 sess. pp. 80, 108,
115.
~1859, Jan. 13. Congress (Senate): Bill on Slave-Trade.~
Mr. Seward introduced "a bill (Senate, No. 510) in addition to the acts
which prohibit the slave trade." Referred to committee, reported, and
dropped. _Ibid._, pp. 134, 321.
~1859, Jan. 31. Congress (House): Reopening of Slave-Trade.~
"Mr. Kilgore moved that the rules be suspended, so as to enable him to
submit the following preamble and resolutions, viz:
"Whereas the laws prohibiting the African slave trade have become a
topic of discussion with newspaper writers and political agitators, many
of them boldly denouncing these laws as unwise in policy and disgraceful
in their provisions, and insisting on the justice and propriety of their
repeal, and the revival of the odious traffic in African slaves; and
whereas recent demonstrations afford strong reasons to apprehend that
said laws are to be set at defiance, and their violation openly
countenanced and encouraged by a portion of the citizens of some of the
States of this Union; and whereas it is proper in view of said facts
that the sentiments of the people's representatives in Congress should
be made public in relation thereto: Therefore--
"_Resolved_, That while we recognize no right on the part of the federal
government, or any other law-making power, save that of the States
wherein it exists, to interfere with or disturb the institution of
domestic slavery where it is established or protected by State
legislation, we do hold that Congress has power to prohibit the foreign
traffic, and that no legislation can be too thorough in its measures,
nor can any penalty known to the catalogue of modern punishment for
crime be too severe against a traffic so inhuman and unchristian.
"_Resolved_, That the laws in force against said traffic are founded
upon the broadest principles of philanthropy, religion, and humanity;
that they should remain unchanged, except so far as legislation may be
needed to render them more efficient; that they should be faithfully and
promptly executed by our government, and respected by all good citizens.
"_Resolved_, That the Executive should be sustained and commended for
any proper efforts whenever and wherever made to enforce said laws, and
to bring to speedy punishment the wicked violators thereof, and all
their aiders and abettors."
Failed of the two-thirds vote necessary to suspend the rules--the vote
being 115 to 84--and was dropped. _House Journal_, 35 Cong. 2 sess. pp.
298-9.
~1859, March 3. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
To carry out the Act of March 3, 1819, and subsequent acts, and to pay
expenses already incurred, $75,000. _Statutes at Large_, XI. 404.
~1859, Dec. 19. President Buchanan's Message.~
"All lawful means at my command have been employed, and shall continue
to be employed, to execute the laws against the African slave trade.
After a most careful and rigorous examination of our coasts, and a
thorough investigation of the subject, we have not been able to discover
that any slaves have been imported into the United States except the
cargo by the Wanderer, numbering between three and four hundred. Those
engaged in this unlawful enterprise have been rigorously prosecuted, but
not with as much success as their crimes have deserved. A number of them
are still under prosecution. [Here follows a history of our slave-trade
legislation.]
"These acts of Congress, it is believed, have, with very rare and
insignificant exceptions, accomplished their purpose. For a period of
more than half a century there has been no perceptible addition to the
number of our domestic slaves.... Reopen the trade, and it would be
difficult to determine whether the effect would be more deleterious on
the interests of the master, or on those of the native born slave, ..."
_Senate Exec. Doc._, 36 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 5-8.
~1860, March 20. Congress (Senate): Proposed Resolution.~
"Mr. Wilson submitted the following resolution; which was considered, by
unanimous consent, and agreed to:--
"_Resolved_, That the Committee on the Judiciary be instructed to
inquire into the expediency of so amending the laws of the United States
in relation to the suppression of the African slave trade as to provide
a penalty of imprisonment for life for a participation in such trade,
instead of the penalty of forfeiture of life, as now provided; and also
an amendment of such laws as will include in the punishment for said
offense all persons who fit out or are in any way connected with or
interested in fitting out expeditions or vessels for the purpose of
engaging in such slave trade." _Senate Journal_, 36 Cong. 1 sess. p.
274.
~1860, March 20. Congress (Senate): Right of Search.~
"Mr. Wilson asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to bring in
a joint resolution (Senate, No. 20) to secure the right of search on the
coast of Africa, for the more effectual suppression of the African slave
trade." Read twice, and referred to Committee on Foreign Relations.
_Ibid._
~1860, March 20. Congress (Senate): Steam Vessels for Slave-Trade.~
"Mr. Wilson asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to bring in
a bill (Senate, No. 296) for the construction of five steam screw
sloops-of-war, for service on the African coast." Read twice, and
referred to Committee on Naval Affairs; May 23, reported with an
amendment. _Ibid._, pp. 274, 494-5.
~1860 March 26. Congress (House): Proposed Resolutions.~
"Mr. Morse submitted ... the following resolutions; which were read and
committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union,
viz:
"_Resolved_, That for the more effectual suppression of the African
slave trade the treaty of 1842 ..., requiring each country to keep
_eighty_ guns on the coast of Africa for that purpose, should be so
changed as to require a specified and sufficient number of small
steamers and fast sailing brigs or schooners to be kept on said
coast....
"_Resolved_, That as the African slave trade appears to be rapidly
increasing, some effective mode of identifying the nationality of a
vessel on the coast of Africa suspected of being in the slave trade or
of wearing false colors should be immediately adopted and carried into
effect by the leading maritime nations of the earth; and that the
government of the United States has thus far, by refusing to aid in
establishing such a system, shown a strange neglect of one of the best
means of suppressing said trade.
"_Resolved_, That the African slave trade is against the moral sentiment
of mankind and a crime against human nature; and that as the most highly
civilized nations have made it a criminal offence or piracy under their
own municipal laws, it ought at once and without hesitation to be
declared a crime by the code of international law; and that ... the
President be requested to open negotiations on this subject with the
leading powers of Europe." ... _House Journal_, 36 Cong. 1 sess. I.
588-9.
~1860, April 16. Congress (Senate): Bill on Slave-Trade.~
"Mr. Wilson asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to bring in
a bill (Senate, No. 408) for the more effectual suppression of the slave
trade." Bill read twice, and ordered to lie on the table; May 21,
referred to Committee on the Judiciary, and printed. _Senate Journal_,
36 Cong. 1 sess. pp. 394, 485; _Congressional Globe_, 36 Cong. 1 sess.
pp. 1721, 2207-11.
~1860, May 21. Congress (House): Buyers of Imported Negroes.~
"Mr. Wells submitted the following resolution, and debate arising
thereon, it lies over under the rule, viz:
"_Resolved_, That the Committee on the Judiciary be instructed to report
forthwith a bill providing that any person purchasing any negro or other
person imported into this country in violation of the laws for
suppressing the slave trade, shall not by reason of said purchase
acquire any title to said negro or person; and where such purchase is
made with a knowledge that such negro or other person has been so
imported, shall forfeit not less than one thousand dollars, and be
punished by imprisonment for a term not less than six months." _House
Journal_, 36 Cong. 1 sess. II. 880.
~1860, May 26. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
To carry out the Act of March 3, 1819, and subsequent acts, $40,000.
_Statutes at Large_, XII. 21.
~1860, June 16. United States Statute: Additional Act to Act of 1819.~
"An Act to amend an Act entitled 'An Act in addition to the Acts
Prohibiting the Slave Trade.'" _Ibid._, XII. 40-1; _Senate Journal_, 36
Cong. 1 sess., Senate Bill No. 464.
~1860, July 11. Great Britain: Proposed Co-operation.~
Lord John Russell suggested for the suppression of the trade:--
"1st. A systematic plan of cruising on the coast of Cuba by the vessels
of Great Britain, Spain, and the United States.
"2d. Laws of registration and inspection in the Island of Cuba, by
which the employment of slaves, imported contrary to law, might be
detected by the Spanish authorities.
"3d. A plan of emigration from China, regulated by the agents of
European nations, in conjunction with the Chinese authorities."
President Buchanan refused to co-operate on this plan. _House Exec.
Doc._, 36 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 7, pp. 441-3, 446-8.
~1860, Dec. 3. President Buchanan's Message.~
"It is with great satisfaction I communicate the fact that since the
date of my last annual message not a single slave has been imported into
the United States in violation of the laws prohibiting the African slave
trade. This statement is founded upon a thorough examination and
investigation of the subject. Indeed, the spirit which prevailed some
time since among a portion of our fellow-citizens in favor of this trade
seems to have entirely subsided." _Senate Exec. Doc._, 36 Cong. 2 sess.
I. No. 1, p. 24.
~1860, Dec. 12. Congress (House): Proposition to Amend Constitution.~
Mr. John Cochrane's resolution:--
"The migration or importation of slaves into the United States or any of
the Territories thereof, from any foreign country, is hereby
prohibited." _House Journal_, 36 Cong. 2 sess. pp. 61-2; _Congressional
Globe_, 36 Cong. 2 sess. p. 77.
~1860, Dec. 24. Congress (Senate): Bill on Slave-Trade.~
"Mr. Wilson asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to bring in
a bill (Senate, No. 529) for the more effectual suppression of the slave
trade." Read twice, and referred to Committee on the Judiciary; not
mentioned again. _Senate Journal_, 36 Cong. 2 sess. p. 62;
_Congressional Globe_, 36 Cong. 2 sess. p. 182.
~1861, Jan. 7. Congress (House): Proposition to Amend Constitution.~
Mr. Etheridge's resolution:--
§ 5. "The migration or importation of persons held to service or labor
for life, or a term of years, into any of the States, or the Territories
belonging to the United States, is perpetually prohibited; and Congress
shall pass all laws necessary to make said prohibition effective."
_Congressional Globe_, 36 Cong. 2 sess. p. 279.
~1861, Jan. 23. Congress (House): Proposition to Amend Constitution.~
Resolution of Mr. Morris of Pennsylvania:--"Neither Congress nor a
Territorial Legislature shall make any law respecting slavery or
involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime; but Congress
may pass laws for the suppression of the African slave trade, and the
rendition of fugitives from service or labor in the States." Mr. Morris
asked to have it printed, that he might at the proper time move it as an
amendment to the report of the select committee of thirty-three. It was
ordered to be printed. _Ibid._, p. 527.
~1861, Feb. 1. Congress (House): Proposition to Amend Constitution.~
Resolution of Mr. Kellogg of Illinois:--
§ 16. "The migration or importation of persons held to service or
involuntary servitude into any State, Territory, or place within the
United States, from any place or country beyond the limits of the United
States or Territories thereof, is forever prohibited." Considered Feb.
27, 1861, and lost. _Ibid._, pp. 690, 1243, 1259-60.
~1861, Feb. 8. Confederate States of America: Importation Prohibited.~
Constitution for the Provisional Government of the Confederate States of
America, Article I. Section 7:--
"1. The importation of African negroes from any foreign country other
than the slave-holding States of the United States, is hereby forbidden;
and Congress are required to pass such laws as shall effectually prevent
the same.
"2. The Congress shall also have power to prohibit the introduction of
slaves from any State not a member of this Confederacy." March 11, 1861,
this article was placed in the permanent Constitution. The first line
was changed so as to read "negroes of the African race." _C.S.A.
Statutes at Large, 1861-2_, pp. 3, 15.
~1861, Feb. 9. Confederate States of America: Statutory Prohibition.~
"_Be it enacted by the Confederate States of America in Congress
assembled_, That all the laws of the United States of America in force
and in use in the Confederate States of America on the first day of
November last, and not inconsistent with the Constitution of the
Confederate States, be and the same are hereby continued in force until
altered or repealed by the Congress." _Ibid._, p. 27.
~1861, Feb. 19. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
To supply deficiencies in the fund hitherto appropriated to carry out
the Act of March 3, 1819, and subsequent acts, $900,000. _Statutes at
Large_, XII. 132.
~1861, March 2. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
To carry out the Act of March 3, 1819, and subsequent acts, and to
provide compensation for district attorneys and marshals, $900,000.
_Ibid._, XII. 218-9.
~1861, Dec. 3. President Lincoln's Message.~
"The execution of the laws for the suppression of the African slave
trade has been confided to the Department of the Interior. It is a
subject of gratulation that the efforts which have been made for the
suppression of this inhuman traffic have been recently attended with
unusual success. Five vessels being fitted out for the slave trade have
been seized and condemned. Two mates of vessels engaged in the trade,
and one person in equipping a vessel as a slaver, have been convicted
and subjected to the penalty of fine and imprisonment, and one captain,
taken with a cargo of Africans on board his vessel, has been convicted
of the highest grade of offence under our laws, the punishment of which
is death." _Senate Exec. Doc._, 37 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 1, p. 13.
~1862, Jan. 27. Congress (Senate): Bill on Slave-Trade.~
"Agreeably to notice Mr. Wilson, of Massachusetts, asked and obtained
leave to bring in a bill (Senate, No. 173), for the more effectual
suppression of the slave trade." Read twice, and referred to Committee
on the Judiciary; Feb. 11, 1863, reported adversely, and postponed
indefinitely. _Senate Journal_, 37 Cong. 2 sess. p. 143; 37 Cong. 3
sess. pp. 231-2.
~1862, March 14. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
For compensation to United States marshals, district attorneys, etc.,
for services in the suppression of the slave-trade, so much of the
appropriation of March 2, 1861, as may be expedient and proper, not
exceeding in all $10,000. _Statutes at Large_, XII. 368-9.
~1862, March 25. United States Statute: Prize Law.~
"An Act to facilitate Judicial Proceedings in Adjudications upon
Captured Property, and for the better Administration of the Law of
Prize." Applied to captures under the slave-trade law. _Ibid._, XII.
374-5; _Congressional Globe_, 37 Cong. 2 sess., Appendix, pp. 346-7.
~1862, June 7. Great Britain: Treaty of 1862.~
"Treaty for the suppression of the African slave trade. Concluded at
Washington April 7, 1862; ratifications exchanged at London May 20,
1862; proclaimed June 7, 1862." Ratified unanimously by the Senate.
_U.S. Treaties and Conventions_ (1889), pp. 454-66. See also _Senate
Exec. Journal_, XII. pp. 230, 231, 240, 254, 391, 400, 403.
~1862, July 11. United States Statute: Treaty of 1862 Carried into
Effect.~
"An Act to carry into Effect the Treaty between the United States and
her Britannic Majesty for the Suppression of the African Slave-Trade."
_Statutes at Large_, XII. 531; _Senate Journal_ and _House Journal_,
37 Cong. 2 sess., Senate Bill No. 352.
~1862, July 17. United States Statute: Former Acts Amended.~
"An Act to amend an Act entitled 'An Act to amend an Act entitled "An
Act in Addition to the Acts prohibiting the Slave Trade."'" _Statutes at
Large_, XII. 592-3; _Senate Journal_ and _House Journal_, 37 Cong. 2
sess., Senate Bill No. 385.
~1863, Feb. 4. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
To carry out the treaty with Great Britain, proclaimed July 11, 1862,
$17,000. _Statutes at Large_, XII. 639.
~1863, March 3. Congress: Joint Resolution.~
"Joint Resolution respecting the Compensation of the Judges and so
forth, under the Treaty with Great Britain and other Persons employed in
the Suppression of the Slave Trade." _Statutes at Large_, XII. 829.
~1863, April 22. Great Britain: Treaty of 1862 Amended.~
"Additional article to the treaty for the suppression of the African
slave trade of April 7, 1862." Concluded February 17, 1863;
ratifications exchanged at London April 1, 1863; proclaimed April 22,
1863.
Right of Search extended. _U.S. Treaties and Conventions_ (1889), pp.
466-7.
~1863, Dec. 17. Congress (House): Resolution on Coastwise Slave-Trade.~
Mr. Julian introduced a bill to repeal portions of the Act of March 2,
1807, relative to the coastwise slave-trade. Read twice, and referred to
Committee on the Judiciary. _Congressional Globe_, 38 Cong. 1 sess. p.
46.
~1864, July 2. United States Statute: Coastwise Slave-Trade Prohibited
Forever.~
§ 9 of Appropriation Act repeals §§ 8 and 9 of Act of 1807. _Statutes at
Large_, XIII. 353.
~1864, Dec. 7. Great Britain: International Proposition.~
"The crime of trading in human beings has been for many years branded by
the reprobation of all civilized nations. Still the atrocious traffic
subsists, and many persons flourish on the gains they have derived from
that polluted source.
"Her Majesty's government, contemplating, on the one hand, with
satisfaction the unanimous abhorrence which the crime inspires, and, on
the other hand, with pain and disgust the slave-trading speculations
which still subist [_sic_], have come to the conclusion that no measure
would be so effectual to put a stop to these wicked acts as the
punishment of all persons who can be proved to be guilty of carrying
slaves across the sea. Her Majesty's government, therefore, invite the
government of the United States to consider whether it would not be
practicable, honorable, and humane--
"1st. To make a general declaration, that the governments who are
parties to it denounce the slave trade as piracy.
"2d. That the aforesaid governments should propose to their legislatures
to affix the penalties of piracy already existing in their
laws--provided, only, that the penalty in this case be that of death--to
all persons, being subjects or citizens of one of the contracting
powers, who shall be convicted in a court which takes cognizance of
piracy, of being concerned in carrying human beings across the sea for
the purpose of sale, or for the purpose of serving as slaves, in any
country or colony in the world." Signed,
"RUSSELL."
Similar letters were addressed to France, Spain, Portugal, Austria,
Prussia, Italy, Netherlands, and Russia. _Diplomatic Correspondence_,
1865, pt. ii. pp. 4, 58-9, etc.
~1865, Jan. 24. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
To carry out the treaty with Great Britain, proclaimed July 11, 1862,
$17,000. _Statutes at Large_, XIII. 424.
~1866, April 7. United States Statute: Compensation to Marshals, etc.~
For additional compensation to United States marshals, district
attorneys, etc., for services in the suppression of the slave-trade, so
much of the appropriation of March 2, 1861, as may be expedient and
proper, not exceeding in all $10,000; and also so much as may be
necessary to pay the salaries of judges and the expenses of mixed
courts. _Ibid._, XIV. 23.
~1866, July 25. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
To carry out the treaty with Great Britain, proclaimed July 11, 1862,
$17,000. _Ibid._, XIV. 226.
~1867, Feb. 28. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
To carry out the treaty with Great Britain, proclaimed July 11, 1862,
$17,000. _Ibid._, XIV. 414-5.
~1868, March 30. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
To carry out the treaty with Great Britain, proclaimed July 11, 1862,
$12,500. _Ibid._, XV. 58.
~1869, Jan. 6. Congress (House): Abrogation of Treaty of 1862.~
Mr. Kelsey asked unanimous consent to introduce the following
resolution:--
"Whereas the slave trade has been practically suppressed; and whereas by
our treaty with Great Britain for the suppression of the slave trade
large appropriations are annually required to carry out the provisions
thereof: Therefore,
"_Resolved_, That the Committee on Foreign Affairs are hereby instructed
to inquire into the expediency of taking proper steps to secure the
abrogation or modification of the treaty with Great Britain for the
suppression of the slave trade." Mr. Arnell objected. _Congressional
Globe_, 40 Cong. 3 sess. p. 224.
~1869, March 3. United States Statute: Appropriation.~
To carry out the treaty with Great Britain, proclaimed July 11, 1862,
$12,500; provided that the salaries of judges be paid only on condition
that they reside where the courts are held, and that Great Britain be
asked to consent to abolish mixed courts. _Statutes at Large_, XV. 321.
~1870, April 22. Congress (Senate): Bill to Repeal Act of 1803.~
Senate Bill No. 251, to repeal an act entitled "An act to prevent the
importation of certain persons into certain States where by the laws
thereof their admission is prohibited." Mr. Sumner said that the bill
had passed the Senate once, and that he hoped it would now pass. Passed;
title amended by adding "approved February 28, 1803;" June 29, bill
passed over in House; July 14, consideration again postponed on Mr.
Woodward's objection. _Congressional Globe_, 41 Cong. 2 sess. pp. 2894,
2932, 4953, 5594.
~1870, Sept. 16. Great Britain: Additional Treaty.~
"Additional convention to the treaty of April 7, 1862, respecting the
African slave trade." Concluded June 3, 1870; ratifications exchanged at
London August 10, 1870; proclaimed September 16, 1870. _U.S. Treaties
and Conventions_ (1889), pp. 472-6.
~1871, Dec. 11. Congress (House): Bill on Slave-Trade.~
On the call of States, Mr. Banks introduced "a bill (House, No. 490) to
carry into effect article thirteen of the Constitution of the United
States, and to prohibit the owning or dealing in slaves by American
citizens in foreign countries." _House Journal_, 42 Cong. 2 sess. p.
48.
* * * * *
APPENDIX C.
TYPICAL CASES OF VESSELS ENGAGED IN THE AMERICAN SLAVE-TRADE. 1619-1864.
This chronological list of certain typical American slavers is
not intended to catalogue all known cases, but is designed
merely to illustrate, by a few selected examples, the character
of the licit and the illicit traffic to the United States.
~1619.~ ----. Dutch man-of-war, imports twenty Negroes into Virginia,
the first slaves brought to the continent. Smith, _Generall Historie of
Virginia_ (1626 and 1632), p. 126.
~1645.~ ~Rainbowe,~ under Captain Smith, captures and imports African
slaves into Massachusetts. The slaves were forfeited and returned.
_Massachusetts Colonial Records_, II. 115, 129, 136, 168, 176; III. 13,
46, 49, 58, 84.
~1655.~ ~Witte paert,~ first vessel to import slaves into New York.
O'Callaghan, _Laws of New Netherland_ (ed. 1868), p. 191, note.
~1736, Oct.~ ----. Rhode Island slaver, under Capt. John Griffen.
_American Historical Record_, I. 312.
~1746.~ ----. Spanish vessel, with certain free Negroes, captured by
Captains John Dennis and Robert Morris, and Negroes sold by them in
Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and New York; these Negroes afterward
returned to Spanish colonies by the authorities of Rhode Island. _Rhode
Island Colonial Records_, V. 170, 176-7; Dawson's _Historical Magazine_,
XVIII. 98.
~1752.~ ~Sanderson,~ of Newport, trading to Africa and West Indies.
_American Historical Record_, I. 315-9, 338-42. Cf. above, p. 35, note 4.
~1788~ (_circa_). ----. "One or two" vessels fitted out in Connecticut.
W.C. Fowler, _Historical Status of the Negro in Connecticut_, in _Local
Law_, etc., p. 125.
~1801.~ ~Sally,~ of Norfolk, Virginia, equipped slaver; libelled and
acquitted; owners claimed damages. _American State Papers, Commerce and
Navigation_, I. No. 128.
~1803~ (?). ----. Two slavers seized with slaves, and brought to
Philadelphia; both condemned, and slaves apprenticed. Robert Sutcliff,
_Travels in North America_, p. 219.
~1804.~ ----. Slaver, allowed by Governor Claiborne to land fifty
Negroes in Louisiana. _American State Papers, Miscellaneous_, I. No.
177.
~1814.~ ~Saucy Jack~ carries off slaves from Africa and attacks British
cruiser. _House Reports_, 17 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 92, p. 46; 21 Cong. 1
sess. III. No. 348, p. 147.
~1816~ (_circa_). ~Paz,~ ~Rosa,~ ~Dolores,~ ~Nueva Paz,~ and ~Dorset,~
American slavers in Spanish-African trade. Many of these were formerly
privateers. _Ibid._, 17 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 92, pp. 45-6; 21 Cong. 1
sess. III. No. 348, pp. 144-7.
~1817, Jan. 17.~ ~Eugene,~ armed Mexican schooner, captured while
attempting to smuggle slaves into the United States. _House Doc._, 15
Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 12, p. 22.
~1817, Nov. 19.~ ~Tentativa,~ captured with 128 slaves and brought into
Savannah. _Ibid._, p. 38; _House Reports_, 21 Cong. 1 sess. III. No.
348, p. 81. See _Friends' View of the African Slave Trade_ (1824), pp.
44-7.
~1818.~ ----. Three schooners unload slaves in Louisiana. Collector Chew
to the Secretary of the Treasury, _House Reports_, 21 Cong. 1 sess. III.
No. 348, p. 70.
~1818, Jan. 23.~ English brig ~Neptune,~ detained by U.S.S. John Adams,
for smuggling slaves into the United States. _House Doc._, 16 Cong. 1
sess. III. No. 36 (3).
~1818, June.~ ~Constitution,~ captured with 84 slaves on the Florida
coast, by a United States army officer. See references under 1818, June,
below.
~1818, June.~ ~Louisa~ and ~Merino,~ captured slavers, smuggling from
Cuba to the United States; condemned after five years' litigation.
_House Doc._, 15 Cong. 2 sess. VI. No. 107; 19 Cong. 1 sess. VI.-IX.
Nos. 121, 126, 152, 163; _House Reports_, 19 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 231;
_American State Papers, Naval Affairs_, II. No. 308; Decisions of the
United States Supreme Court in _9 Wheaton_, 391.
~1819.~ ~Antelope,~ or ~General Ramirez.~ The Colombia (or Arraganta), a
Venezuelan privateer, fitted in the United States and manned by
Americans, captures slaves from a Spanish slaver, the Antelope, and from
other slavers; is wrecked, and transfers crew and slaves to Antelope;
the latter, under the name of the General Ramirez, is captured with 280
slaves by a United States ship. The slaves were distributed, some to
Spanish claimants, some sent to Africa, and some allowed to remain; many
died. _House Reports_, 17 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 92, pp. 5, 15; 21 Cong.
1 sess. III. No. 348, p. 186; _House Journal_, 20 Cong. 1 sess. pp. 59,
76, 123 to 692, _passim_. Gales and Seaton, _Register of Debates_, IV.
pt. 1, pp. 915-6, 955-68, 998, 1005; _Ibid._, pt. 2, pp. 2501-3;
_American State Papers, Naval Affairs_, II. No. 319, pp. 750-60;
Decisions of the United States Supreme Court in _10 Wheaton_, 66, and
_12 Ibid._, 546.
~1820.~ ~Endymion,~ ~Plattsburg,~ ~Science,~ ~Esperanza,~ and
~Alexander,~ captured on the African coast by United States ships, and
sent to New York and Boston. _House Reports_, 17 Cong. 1 sess. II. No.
92, pp. 6, 15; 21 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 348, pp. 122, 144, 187.
~1820.~ ~General Artigas~ imports twelve slaves into the United States.
_Friends' View of the African Slave Trade_ (1824), p. 42.
~1821~ (?). ~Dolphin,~ captured by United States officers and sent to
Charleston, South Carolina. _Ibid._, pp. 31-2.
~1821.~ ~La Jeune Eugène,~ ~La Daphnée,~ ~La Mathilde,~ and ~L'Elize,~
captured by U.S.S. Alligator; ~La Jeune Eugène~ sent to Boston; the rest
escape, and are recaptured under the French flag; the French protest.
_House Reports_, 21 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 348, p. 187; _Friends' View
of the African Slave Trade_ (1824), pp. 35-41.
~1821.~ ~La Pensée,~ captured with 220 slaves by the U.S.S. Hornet;
taken to Louisiana. _House Reports_, 17 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 92, p. 5;
21 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 348, p. 186.
~1821.~ ~Esencia~ lands 113 Negroes at Matanzas. _Parliamentary Papers_,
1822, Vol. XXII., _Slave Trade, Further Papers_, III. p. 78.
~1826.~ ~Fell's Point~ attempts to land Negroes in the United States.
The Negroes were seized. _American State Papers, Naval Affairs_, II. No.
319, p. 751.
~1827, Dec. 20.~ ~Guerrero,~ Spanish slaver, chased by British, cruiser
and grounded on Key West, with 561 slaves; a part (121) were landed at
Key West, where they were seized by the collector; 250 were seized by
the Spanish and taken to Cuba, etc. _House Journal_, 20 Cong. 1 sess. p.
650; _House_ _Reports_, 24 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 268; 25 Cong. 2 sess.
I. No. 4; _American State Papers, Naval Affairs_, III. No. 370, p. 210;
_Niles's Register_, XXXIII. 373.
~1828, March 11.~ ~General Geddes~ brought into St. Augustine for safe
keeping 117 slaves, said to have been those taken from the wrecked
~Guerrero~ and landed at Key West (see above, 1827). _House Doc._, 20
Cong. 1 sess. VI. No. 262.
~1828.~ ~Blue-eyed Mary,~ of Baltimore, sold to Spaniards and captured
with 405 slaves by a British cruiser. _Niles's Register_, XXXIV. 346.
~1830, June 4.~ ~Fenix,~ with 82 Africans, captured by U.S.S. Grampus,
and brought to Pensacola; American built, with Spanish colors. _House
Doc._, 21 Cong. 2 sess. III. No. 54; _House Reports_, 24 Cong. 1 sess.
I. No. 223; _Niles's Register_, XXXVIII. 357.
~1831, Jan. 3.~ ~Comet,~ carrying slaves from the District of Columbia
to New Orleans, was wrecked on Bahama banks and 164 slaves taken to
Nassau, in New Providence, where they were freed. Great Britain finally
paid indemnity for these slaves. _Senate Doc._, 24 Cong. 2 sess. II. No.
174; 25 Cong. 3 sess. III. No. 216.
~1834, Feb. 4.~ ~Encomium,~ bound from Charleston, South Carolina, to
New Orleans, with 45 slaves, was wrecked near Fish Key, Abaco, and
slaves were carried to Nassau and freed. Great Britain eventually paid
indemnity for these slaves. _Ibid._
~1835, March.~ ~Enterprise,~ carrying 78 slaves from the District of
Columbia to Charleston, was compelled by rough weather to put into the
port of Hamilton, West Indies, where the slaves were freed. Great
Britain refused to pay for these, because, before they landed, slavery
in the West Indies had been abolished. _Ibid._
~1836, Aug.-Sept.~ ~Emanuel,~ ~Dolores,~ ~Anaconda,~ and ~Viper,~ built
in the United States, clear from Havana for Africa. _House Doc._, 26
Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 115, pp. 4-6, 221.
~1837.~ ----. Eleven American slavers clear from Havana for Africa.
_Ibid._, p. 221.
~1837.~ ~Washington,~ allowed to proceed to Africa by the American
consul at Havana. _Ibid._, pp. 488-90, 715 ff; 27 Cong, 1 sess. No. 34,
pp. 18-21.
~1838.~ ~Prova~ spends three months refitting in the harbor of
Charleston, South Carolina; afterwards captured by the British, with 225
slaves. _Ibid._, pp. 121, 163-6.
~1838.~ ----. Nineteen American slavers clear from Havana for Africa.
_House Doc._, 26 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 115, p. 221.
~1838-9.~ ~Venus,~ American built, manned partly by Americans, owned by
Spaniards. _Ibid._, pp. 20-2, 106, 124-5, 132, 144-5, 330-2, 475-9.
~1839.~ ~Morris Cooper,~ of Philadelphia, lands 485 Negroes in Cuba.
_Niles's Register_, LVII. 192.
~1839.~ ~Edwin~ and ~George Crooks,~ slavers, boarded by British
cruisers. _House Doc._, 26 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 115, pp. 12-4, 61-4.
~1839.~ ~Eagle,~ ~Clara,~ and ~Wyoming,~ with American and Spanish flags
and papers and an American crew, captured by British cruisers, and
brought to New York. The United States government declined to interfere
in case of the ~Eagle~ and the ~Clara,~ and they were taken to Jamaica.
The ~Wyoming~ was forfeited to the United States. _Ibid._, pp. 92-104,
109, 112, 118-9, 180-4; _Niles's Register_, LVI. 256; LVII. 128, 208.
~1839.~ ~Florida,~ protected from British cruisers by American papers.
_House Doc._, 26 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 115, pp. 113-5.
~1839.~ ----. Five American slavers arrive at Havana from Africa, under
American flags. _Ibid._, p. 192.
~1839.~ ----. Twenty-three American slavers clear from Havana. _Ibid._,
pp. 190-1, 221.
~1839.~ ~Rebecca,~ part Spanish, condemned at Sierra Leone. _House
Reports_, 27 Cong. 3 sess. III. No. 283, pp. 649-54, 675-84.
~1839.~ ~Douglas~ and ~Iago,~ American slavers, visited by British
cruisers, for which the United States demanded indemnity. _Ibid._, pp.
542-65, 731-55; _Senate Doc._, 29 Cong. 1 sess. VIII. No. 377, pp.
39-45, 107-12, 116-24, 160-1, 181-2.
~1839, April 9.~ ~Susan,~ suspected slaver, boarded by the British.
_House Doc._, 26 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 115, pp. 34-41.
~1839, July-Sept.~ ~Dolphin~ (or ~Constitução),~ ~Hound,~ ~Mary Cushing~
(or ~Sete de Avril~), with American and Spanish flags and papers.
_Ibid._, pp. 28, 51-5, 109-10, 136, 234-8; _House Reports_, 27 Cong. 3
sess. III. No. 283, pp. 709-15.
~1839, Aug.~ ~L'Amistad,~ slaver, with fifty-three Negroes on board, who
mutinied; the vessel was then captured by a United States vessel and
brought into Connecticut; the Negroes were declared free. _House Doc._,
26 Cong. 1 sess. IV. No. 185; 27 Cong. 3 sess. V. No. 191; 28 Cong. 1
sess. IV. No. 83; _House Exec. Doc._, 32 Cong. 2 sess. III. No. 20;
_House Reports_, 26 Cong. 2 sess. No. 51; 28 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 426;
29 Cong. 1 sess. IV. No. 753; _Senate Doc._, 26 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No.
179; _Senate Exec. Doc._, 31 Cong. 2 sess. III. No. 29; 32 Cong. 2 sess.
III. No. 19; _Senate Reports_, 31 Cong. 2 sess. No. 301; 32 Cong. 1
sess. I. No. 158; 35 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 36; Decisions of the United
States Supreme Court in _15 Peters_, 518; _Opinions of the
Attorneys-General_, III. 484-92.
~1839, Sept.~ ~My Boy,~ of New Orleans, seized by a British cruiser, and
condemned at Sierra Leone. _Niles's Register_, LVII. 353.
~1839, Sept. 23.~ ~Butterfly,~ of New Orleans, fitted as a slaver, and
captured by a British cruiser on the coast of Africa. _House Doc._, 26
Cong. 2 sess. No. 115, pp. 191, 244-7; _Niles's Register_, LVII. 223.
~1839, Oct.~ ~Catharine,~ of Baltimore, captured on the African coast by
a British cruiser, and brought by her to New York. _House Doc._, 26
Cong. 2 sess. V No. 115, pp. 191, 215, 239-44; _Niles's Register_, LVII.
119, 159.
~1839.~ ~Asp,~ ~Laura,~ and ~Mary Ann Cassard,~ foreign slavers sailing
under the American flag. _House Doc._, 26 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 115, pp.
126-7, 209-18; _House Reports_, 27 Cong. 3 sess. III. No. 283, p. 688
ff.
~1839.~ ~Two Friends,~ of New Orleans, equipped slaver, with Spanish,
Portuguese, and American flags. _House Doc._, 26 Cong. 2 sess. V. No.
115, pp. 120, 160-2, 305.
~1839.~ ~Euphrates,~ of Baltimore, with American papers, seized by
British cruisers as Spanish property. Before this she had been boarded
fifteen times. _Ibid._, pp. 41-4; A.H. Foote, _Africa and the American
Flag_, pp. 152-6.
~1839.~ ~Ontario,~ American slaver, "sold" to the Spanish on shipping a
cargo of slaves. _House Doc._, 26 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 115, pp. 45-50.
~1839.~ ~Mary,~ of Philadelphia; case of a slaver whose nationality was
disputed. _House Reports_, 27 Cong. 3 sess. III. No. 283, pp. 736-8;
_Senate Doc._, 29 Cong. 1 sess. VIII. No. 377, pp. 19, 24-5.
~1840, March.~ ~Sarah Ann,~ of New Orleans, captured with fraudulent
papers. _House Doc._, 26 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 115, pp. 184-7.
~1840, June.~ ~Caballero,~ ~Hudson,~ and ~Crawford;~ the arrival of
these American slavers was publicly billed in Cuba. _Ibid._, pp. 65-6.
~1840.~ ~Tigris,~ captured by British cruisers and sent to Boston for
kidnapping. _House Reports_, 27 Cong. 3 sess. III. No. 283, pp. 724-9;
_Senate Doc._, 29 Cong. 1 sess. VIII. No. 377, P. 94.
~1840.~ ~Jones,~ seized by the British. _Senate Doc._, 29 Cong. 1 sess.
VIII. No. 377, pp. 131-2, 143-7, 148-60.
~1841, Nov. 7.~ ~Creole,~ of Richmond, Virginia, transporting slaves to
New Orleans; the crew mutiny and take her to Nassau, British West
Indies. The slaves were freed and Great Britain refused indemnity.
_Senate Doc._, 27 Cong. 2 sess. II. No. 51 and III. No. 137.
~1841.~ ~Sophia,~ of New York, ships 750 slaves for Brazil. _House
Doc._, 29 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 43, pp. 3-8.
~1841.~ ~Pilgrim,~ of Portsmouth, N.H., ~Solon,~ of Baltimore, ~William
Jones~ and ~Himmaleh,~ of New York, clear from Rio Janeiro for Africa.
_Ibid._, pp. 8-12.
~1842, May.~ ~Illinois,~ of Gloucester, saved from search by the
American flag; escaped under the Spanish flag, loaded with slaves.
_Senate Doc._, 28 Cong. 2 sess. IX. No. 150, p. 72 ff.
~1842, June.~ ~Shakespeare,~ of Baltimore, with 430 slaves, captured by
British cruisers. _Ibid._
~1843.~ ~Kentucky,~ of New York, trading to Brazil. _Ibid._, 30 Cong. 1
sess. IV. No. 28, pp. 71-8; _House Exec. Doc._, 30 Cong. 2 sess. VII.
No. 61, p. 72 ff.
~1844.~ ~Enterprise,~ of Boston, transferred in Brazil for slave-trade.
_Senate Exec. Doc._, 30 Cong. 1 sess. IV. No. 28, pp. 79-90.
~1844.~ ~Uncas,~ of New Orleans, protected by United States papers;
allowed to clear, in spite of her evident character. _Ibid._, 28 Cong. 2
sess. IX. No. 150, pp. 106-14.
~1844.~ ~Sooy,~ of Newport, without papers, captured by the British
sloop Racer, after landing 600 slaves on the coast of Brazil. _House
Doc._, 28 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 148, pp. 4, 36-62.
~1844.~ ~Cyrus,~ of New Orleans, suspected slaver, captured by the
British cruiser Alert. _Ibid._, pp. 3-41.
~1844-5.~ ----. Nineteen slavers from Beverly, Boston, Baltimore,
Philadelphia, New York, Providence, and Portland, make twenty-two trips.
_Ibid._, 30 Cong. 2 sess. VII. No. 61, pp. 219-20.
~1844-9.~ ----. Ninety-three slavers in Brazilian trade. _Senate Exec.
Doc._, 31 Cong. 2 sess. II. No. 6, pp. 37-8.
~1845.~ ~Porpoise,~ trading to Brazil. _House Exec. Doc._, 30 Cong. 2
sess. VII. No. 61, pp. 111-56, 212-4.
~1845, May 14.~ ~Spitfire,~ of New Orleans, captured on the coast of
Africa, and the captain indicted in Boston. A.H. Foote, _Africa and the
American Flag_, pp. 240-1; _Niles's Register_, LXVIII. 192, 224, 248-9.
~1845-6.~ ~Patuxent,~ ~Pons,~ ~Robert Wilson,~ ~Merchant,~ and
~Panther,~ captured by Commodore Skinner. _House Exec. Doc._, 31 Cong. 1
sess. IX. No. 73.
~1847.~ ~Fame,~ of New London, Connecticut, lands 700 slaves in Brazil.
_House Exec. Doc._, 30 Cong. 2 sess. VII. No. 61, pp. 5-6, 15-21.
~1847.~ ~Senator,~ of Boston, brings 944 slaves to Brazil. _Ibid._, pp.
5-14.
~1849.~ ~Casco,~ slaver, with no papers; searched, and captured with 420
slaves, by a British cruiser. _Senate Exec. Doc._, 31 Cong. 1 sess. XIV
No. 66, p. 13.
~1850.~ ~Martha,~ of New York, captured when about to embark 1800
slaves. The captain was admitted to bail, and escaped. A.H. Foote,
_Africa and the American Flag_, pp. 285-92.
~1850.~ ~Lucy Ann,~ of Boston, captured with 547 slaves by the British.
_Senate Exec. Doc._, 31 Cong. 1 sess. XIV No. 66, pp. 1-10 ff.
~1850.~ ~Navarre,~ American slaver, trading to Brazil, searched and
finally seized by a British cruiser. _Ibid._
~1850~ (_circa_). ~Louisa Beaton,~ ~Pilot,~ ~Chatsworth,~ ~Meteor,~ ~R.
de Zaldo,~ ~Chester,~ etc., American slavers, searched by British
vessels. _Ibid., passim._
~1851, Sept. 18.~ ~Illinois~ brings seven kidnapped West India Negro
boys into Norfolk, Virginia. _House Exec. Doc._, 34 Cong. 1 sess. XII.
No. 105, pp. 12-14.
~1852-62.~ ----. Twenty-six ships arrested and bonded for slave-trading
in the Southern District of New York. _Senate Exec. Doc._, 37 Cong. 2
sess. V. No. 53.
~1852.~ ~Advance~ and ~Rachel P. Brown,~ of New York; the capture of
these was hindered by the United States consul in the Cape Verd Islands.
_Ibid._, 34 Cong. 1 sess. XV. No. 99, pp. 41-5; _House Exec. Doc._, 34
Cong. 1 sess. XII. No. 105, pp. 15-19.
~1853.~ ~Silenus,~ of New York, and ~General de Kalb,~ of Baltimore,
carry 900 slaves from Africa. _Senate Exec. Doc._, 34 Cong. 1 sess. XV.
No. 99, pp. 46-52; _House Exec. Doc._, 34 Cong. 1 sess. XII. No. 105,
pp. 20-26.
~1853.~ ~Jasper~ carries slaves to Cuba. _Senate Exec. Doc._, 34 Cong. 1
sess. XV. No. 99, pp. 52-7.
~1853.~ ~Camargo,~ of Portland, Maine, lands 500 slaves in Brazil.
_Ibid._, 33 Cong. 1 sess. VIII. No. 47.
~1854.~ ~Glamorgan,~ of New York, captured when about to embark nearly
700 slaves. _Ibid._, 34 Cong. 1 sess. XV. No. 99, pp. 59-60.
~1854.~ ~Grey Eagle,~ of Philadelphia, captured off Cuba by British
cruiser. _Ibid._, pp. 61-3.
~1854.~ ~Peerless,~ of New York, lands 350 Negroes in Cuba. _Ibid._,
p. 66.
~1854.~ ~Oregon,~ of New Orleans, trading to Cuba. _Senate Exec. Doc._,
34 Cong. 1 sess. XV. No. 99, pp. 69-70.
~1856.~ ~Mary E. Smith,~ sailed from Boston in spite of efforts to
detain her, and was captured with 387 slaves, by the Brazilian brig
Olinda, at port of St. Matthews. _Ibid._, pp. 71-3.
~1857.~ ----. Twenty or more slavers from New York, New Orleans, etc.
_Ibid._, 35 Cong. 1 sess. XII. No. 49, pp. 14-21, 70-1, etc.
~1857.~ ~William Clark~ and ~Jupiter,~ of New Orleans, ~Eliza Jane,~ of
New York, ~Jos. H. Record,~ of Newport, and ~Onward,~ of Boston,
captured by British cruisers. _Ibid._, pp. 13, 25-6, 69, etc.
~1857.~ ~James Buchanan,~ slaver, escapes under American colors, with
300 slaves. _Ibid._, p. 38.
~1857.~ ~James Titers,~ of New Orleans, with 1200 slaves, captured by
British cruiser. _Ibid._, pp. 31-4, 40-1.
~1857.~ ----. Four New Orleans slavers on the African coast. _Senate
Exec. Doc._, 35 Cong. 1 sess., XII. No. 49, p. 30.
~1857.~ ~Cortes,~ of New York, captured. _Ibid._, pp. 27-8.
~1857.~ ~Charles,~ of Boston, captured by British cruisers, with about
400 slaves. _Ibid._, pp. 9, 13, 36, 69, etc.
~1857.~ ~Adams Gray~ and ~W.D. Miller,~ of New Orleans, fully equipped
slavers. _Ibid._, pp. 3-5, 13.
~1857-8.~ ~Charlotte,~ of New York, ~Charles,~ of Maryland, etc.,
reported American slavers. _Ibid., passim_.
~1858, Aug. 21.~ ~Echo,~ captured with 306 slaves, and brought to
Charleston, South Carolina. _House Exec. Doc._, 35 Cong. 2 sess. II. pt.
4, No. 2. pt. 4, pp. 5, 14.
~1858, Sept. 8.~ ~Brothers,~ captured and sent to Charleston, South
Carolina. _Ibid._, p. 14.
~1858.~ ~Mobile,~ ~Cortez,~ ~Tropic Bird;~ cases of American slavers
searched by British vessels. _Ibid._, 36 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 7, p. 97
ff.
~1858.~ ~Wanderer,~ lands 500 slaves in Georgia. _Senate Exec. Doc._, 35
Cong. 2 sess. VII. No. 8; _House Exec. Doc._, 35 Cong. 2 sess. IX. No.
89.
~1859, Dec. 20.~ ~Delicia,~ supposed to be Spanish, but without papers;
captured by a United States ship. The United States courts declared her
beyond their jurisdiction. _House Exec. Doc._, 36 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No.
7, p. 434.
~1860.~ ~Erie,~ with 897 Africans, captured by a United States ship.
_Senate Exec. Doc._, 36 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 1, pp. 41-4.
~1860.~ ~William,~ with 550 slaves, ~Wildfire,~ with 507, captured on
the coast of Cuba. _Senate Journal_, 36 Cong. 1 sess. pp. 478-80, 492,
543, etc.; _Senate Exec. Doc._, 36 Cong. 1 sess. XI. No. 44; _House
Exec. Doc._, 36 Cong. 1 sess. XII. No. 83; 36 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 11;
_House Reports_, 36 Cong. 1 sess. IV. No. 602.
~1861.~ ~Augusta,~ slaver, which, in spite of the efforts of the
officials, started on her voyage. _Senate Exec Doc._, 37 Cong. 2 sess.
V. No. 40; _New York Tribune_, Nov. 26, 1861.
~1861.~ ~Storm King,~ of Baltimore, lands 650 slaves in Cuba. _Senate
Exec. Doc._, 38 Cong. 1 sess. No. 56, p. 3.
~1862.~ ~Ocilla,~ of Mystic, Connecticut, lands slaves in Cuba. _Ibid._,
pp. 8-13.
~1864.~ ~Huntress,~ of New York, under the American flag, lands slaves
in Cuba. _Ibid._, pp. 19-21.
* * * * *
APPENDIX D.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
~COLONIAL LAWS.~
[The Library of Harvard College, the Boston Public Library, and the
Charlemagne Tower Collection at Philadelphia are especially rich in
Colonial Laws.]
~Alabama and Mississippi Territory.~ Acts of the Assembly of Alabama,
1822, etc.; J.J. Ormond, Code of Alabama, Montgomery, 1852; H. Toulmin,
Digest of the Laws of Alabama, Cahawba, 1823; A. Hutchinson, Code of
Mississippi, Jackson, 1848; Statutes of Mississippi etc., digested,
Natchez, 1816 and 1823.
~Connecticut.~ Acts and Laws of Connecticut, New London, 1784 [-1794],
and Hartford, 1796; Connecticut Colonial Records; The General Laws and
Liberties of Connecticut Colonie, Cambridge, 1673, reprinted at Hartford
in 1865; Statute Laws of Connecticut, Hartford, 1821.
~Delaware.~ Laws of Delaware, 1700-1797, 2 vols., New Castle, 1797.
~Georgia.~ George W.J. De Renne, editor, Colonial Acts of Georgia,
Wormsloe, 1881; Constitution of Georgia; T.R.R. Cobb, Digest of the
Laws, Athens, Ga., 1851; Horatio Marbury and W.H. Crawford, Digest of
the Laws, Savannah, 1802; Oliver H. Prince, Digest of the Laws, 2d
edition, Athens, Ga., 1837.
~Maryland.~ James Bisset, Abridgment of the Acts of Assembly,
Philadelphia, 1759; Acts of Maryland, 1753-1768, Annapolis, 1754
[-1768]; Compleat Collection of the Laws of Maryland, Annapolis, 1727;
Thomas Bacon, Laws of Maryland at Large, Annapolis, 1765; Laws of
Maryland since 1763, Annapolis, 1787, year 1771; Clement Dorsey, General
Public Statutory Law, etc., 1692-1837, 3 vols., Baltimore, 1840.
~Massachusetts.~ Acts and Laws of His Majesty's Province of the
Massachusetts-Bay in New-England, Boston, 1726; Acts and Resolves ... of
the Province of the Massachusetts Bay, 1692-1780 [Massachusetts
Province Laws]; Colonial Laws of Massachusetts, reprinted from the
editions of 1660 and 1672, Boston, 1887, 1890; General Court Records;
Massachusetts Archives; Massachusetts Historical Society Collections;
Perpetual Laws of Massachusetts, 1780-1789, Boston, 1789; Plymouth
Colony Records; Records of the Governor and Company of the Massachusetts
Bay.
~New Jersey.~ Samuel Allinson, Acts of Assembly, Burlington, 1776;
William Paterson, Digest of the Laws, Newark, 1800; William A.
Whitehead, editor, Documents relating to the Colonial History of New
Jersey, Newark, 1880-93; Joseph Bloomfield, Laws of New Jersey, Trenton,
1811; New Jersey Archives.
~New York.~ Acts of Assembly, 1691-1718, London, 1719; E.B. O'Callaghan,
Documentary History of New York, 4 vols., Albany, 1849-51; E.B.
O'Callaghan, editor, Documents relating to the Colonial History of New
York, 12 vols., Albany, 1856-77; Laws of New York, 1752-1762, New York,
1762; Laws of New York, 1777-1801, 5 vols., republished at Albany,
1886-7.
~North Carolina.~ F.X. Martin, Iredell's Public Acts of Assembly,
Newbern, 1804; Laws, revision of 1819, 2 vols., Raleigh, 1821; North
Carolina Colonial Records, edited by William L. Saunders, Raleigh,
1886-90.
~Pennsylvania.~ Acts of Assembly, Philadelphia, 1782; Charter and Laws
of the Province of Pennsylvania, Harrisburg, 1879; M. Carey and J.
Bioren, Laws of Pennsylvania, 1700-1802, 6 vols., Philadelphia, 1803;
A.J. Dallas, Laws of Pennsylvania, 1700-1781, Philadelphia, 1797;
_Ibid._, 1781-1790, Philadelphia, 1793; Collection of all the Laws now
in force, 1742; Pennsylvania Archives; Pennsylvania Colonial Records.
~Rhode Island.~ John Russell Bartlett, Index to the Printed Acts and
Resolves, of ... the General Assembly, 1756-1850, Providence, 1856;
Elisha R. Potter, Reports and Documents upon Public Schools, etc.,
Providence, 1855; Rhode Island Colonial Records.
~South Carolina.~ J.F. Grimké, Public Laws, Philadelphia, 1790; Thomas
Cooper and D.J. McCord, Statutes at Large, 10 vols., Columbia, 1836-41.
~Vermont.~ Statutes of Vermont, Windsor, 1787; Vermont State Papers,
Middlebury, 1823.
~Virginia.~ John Mercer, Abridgement of the Acts of Assembly, Glasgow,
1759; Acts of Assembly, Williamsburg, 1769: Collection of Public Acts
... passed since 1768, Richmond, 1785; Collections of the Virginia
Historical Society; W.W. Hening, Statutes at Large, 13 vols., Richmond,
etc., 1819-23; Samuel Shepherd, Statutes at Large, New Series
(continuation of Hening), 3 vols, Richmond, 1835-6.
~UNITED STATES DOCUMENTS.~
~1789-1836.~ American State Papers--Class I., _Foreign Relations_, Vols.
III. and IV. (Reprint of Foreign Relations, 1789-1828.) Class VI.,
_Naval Affairs_. (Well indexed.)
~1794, Feb. 11.~ Report of Committee on the Slave Trade. _Amer. State
Papers, Miscellaneous_, I. No. 44.
~1806, Feb. 17.~ Report of the Committee appointed on the seventh
instant, to inquire whether any, and if any, what Additional Provisions
are necessary to Prevent the Importation of Slaves into the Territories
of the United States. _House Reports_, 9 Cong. 1 sess. II.
~1817, Feb. 11.~ Joint Resolution for abolishing the traffick in Slaves,
and the Colinization [_sic_] of the Free People Of Colour of the United
States. _House Doc._, 14 Cong. 2 sess. II. No. 77.
~1817, Dec. 15.~ Message from the President ... communicating
Information of the Proceeding of certain Persons who took Possession of
Amelia Island and of Galvezton, [_sic_] during the Summer of the Present
Year, and made Establishments there. _House Doc._, 15 Cong. 1 sess. II.
No. 12. (Contains much evidence of illicit traffic.)
~1818, Jan. 10.~ Report of the Committee to whom was referred so much of
the President's Message as relates to the introduction of Slaves from
Amelia Island. _House Doc._, 15 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 46 (cf. _House
Reports_, 21 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 348).
~1818, Jan. 13.~ Message from the President ... communicating
information of the Troops of the United States having taken possession
of Amelia Island, in East Florida. _House Doc._, 15 Cong. 1 sess. III.
No. 47. (Contains correspondence.)
~1819, Jan. 12.~ Letter from the Secretary of the Navy, transmitting
copies of the instructions which have been issued to Naval Commanders,
upon the subject of the Importation of Slaves, etc. _House Doc._, 15
Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 84.
~1819, Jan. 19.~ Extracts from Documents in the Departments of State, of
the Treasury, and of the Navy, in relation to the Illicit Introduction
of Slaves into the United States. _House Doc._, 15 Cong. 2 sess. VI. No.
100.
~1819, Jan. 21.~ Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury ... in
relation to Ships engaged in the Slave Trade, which have been Seized and
Condemned, and the Disposition which has been made of the Negroes, by
the several State Governments, under whose Jurisdiction they have
fallen. _House Doc._, 15 Cong. 2 sess. VI. No. 107.
~1820, Jan. 7.~ Letter from the Secretary of the Navy, transmitting
information in relation to the Introduction of Slaves into the United
States. _House Doc._, 16 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 36.
~1820, Jan. 13.~ Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting
... Information in relation to the Illicit Introduction of Slaves into
the United States, etc., _Ibid._, No. 42.
~1820, May 8.~ Report of the Committee to whom was referred ... so much
of the President's Message as relates to the Slave Trade, etc. _House
Reports_, 16 Cong. 1 sess. No. 97.
~1821, Jan. 5.~ Message from the President ... transmitting ...
Information on the Subject of the African Slave Trade. _House Doc._, 16
Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 48.
~1821, Feb. 7.~ Report of the Secretary of the Navy. _House Reports_, 17
Cong. 1 sess. No. 92, pp. 15-21.
~1821, Feb. 9.~ Report of the Committee to which was referred so much of
the President's message as relates to the Slave Trade. _House Reports_,
16 Cong. 2 sess. No. 59.
~1822, April 12.~ Report of the Committee on the Suppression of the
Slave Trade. Also Report of 1821, Feb. 9, reprinted. (Contains
discussion of the Right of Search, and papers on European Conference for
the Suppression of the Slave Trade.) _House Reports_, 17 Cong. 1 sess.
II. No. 92.
~1823, Dec. 1.~ Report of the Secretary of the Navy. _House Doc._, 18
Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 2, p. 111, ff.; _Amer. State Papers, Naval
Affairs_, I. No. 258. (Contains reports on the establishment at Cape
Mesurado.)[1]
~1824, March 20.~ Message from the President ... in relation to the
Suppression of the African Slave Trade. _House Doc._, 18 Cong. 1 sess.
VI. No. 119. (Contains correspondence on the proposed treaty of 1824.)
~1824, Dec. 1.~ Report of the Secretary of the Navy. _Amer. State
Papers, Naval Affairs_, I. No. 249.
~1824, Dec. 7.~ Documents accompanying the Message of the President ...
to both Houses of Congress, at the commencement of the Second Session of
the Eighteenth Congress: Documents from the Department of State. _House
Doc._, 18 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 1. pp. 1-56. Reprinted in _Senate Doc._,
18 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 1. (Matter on the treaty of 1824.)
~1825, Feb. 16.~ Report of the Committee to whom was referred so much of
the President's Message, of the 7th of December last, as relates to the
Suppression of the Slave Trade. _House Reports_, 18 Cong. 2 sess. I. No.
70 (Report favoring the treaty of 1824.)
~1825, Dec. 2.~ Report of the Secretary of the Navy. _House Doc._, 19
Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 1. p. 98.
~1825, Dec. 27.~ Slave Trade: Message from the President ...
communicating Correspondence with Great Britain in relation to the
Convention for Suppressing the Slave Trade. _House Doc._, 19 Cong. 1
sess. I. No. 16.
~1826, Feb. 6.~ Appropriation--Slave Trade: Report of the Committee of
Ways and Means on the subject of the estimate of appropriations for the
service of the year 1826. _House Reports_, 19 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 65.
(Contains report of the Secretary of the Navy and account of
expenditures for the African station.)
~1826, March 8.~ Slave Ships in Alabama: Message from the President ...
in relation to the Cargoes of certain Slave Ships, etc. _House Doc._, 19
Cong. 1 sess. VI. No. 121; cf. _Ibid._, VIII. No. 126, and IX. Nos. 152,
163; also _House Reports_, 19 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 231. (Cases of the
Constitution, Louisa, and Merino.)
~1826, Dec. 2.~ Report of the Secretary of the Navy. (Part IV. of
Documents accompanying the President's Message.) _House Doc._, 19 Cong.
2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 9, 10, 74-103.
~1827, etc.~ Colonization Society: Reports, etc. _House Doc._, 19 Cong.
2 sess. IV. Nos. 64, 69; 20 Cong. 1 sess. III. Nos. 99, 126, and V. No.
193; 20 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 114, 127-8; 21 Cong. 2 sess. I. No.
2, p. 211-18; _House Reports_, 19 Cong. 2 sess. II. No. 101; 21 Cong. 1
sess. II. No. 277, and III. No. 348; 22 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 277.
~1827, Jan. 30.~ Prohibition of the Slave Trade: Statement showing the
Expenditure of the Appropriation for the Prohibition of the Slave Trade,
during the year 1826, and an Estimate for 1827. _House Doc._, 19 Cong. 2
sess. IV. No. 69.
~1827, Dec. 1 and Dec. 4.~ Reports of the Secretary of the Navy. _Amer.
State Papers, Naval Affairs,_ III. Nos. 339, 340.
~1827, Dec. 6.~ Message from the President ... transmitting ... a Report
from the Secretary of the Navy, showing the expense annually incurred in
carrying into effect the Act of March 2, 1819, for Prohibiting the Slave
Trade. _Senate Doc._, 20 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 3.
~1828, March 12.~ Recaptured Africans: Letter from the Secretary of the
Navy ... in relation to ... Recaptured Africans. _House Doc._, 20 Cong.
1 sess. V. No. 193; cf. _Ibid._, 20 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 114,
127-8; also _Amer. State Papers, Naval Affairs_, III. No. 357.
~1828, April 30.~ Africans at Key West: Message from the President ...
relative to the Disposition of the Africans Landed at Key West. _House
Doc._, 20 Cong. 1 sess. VI. No. 262.
~1828, Nov. 27.~ Report of the Secretary of the Navy. _Amer. State
Papers, Naval Affairs_, III. No. 370.
~1829, Dec. 1.~ Report of the Secretary of the Navy. _House Doc._, 21
Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 2, p. 40.
~1830, April 7.~ Slave Trade ... Report: "The committee to whom were
referred the memorial of the American Society for colonizing the free
people of color of the United States; also, sundry memorials from the
inhabitants of the State of Kentucky, and a memorial from certain free
people of color of the State of Ohio, report," etc., 3 pp. Appendix.
Collected and arranged by Samuel Burch. 290 pp. _House Reports_, 21
Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 348. (Contains a reprint of legislation and
documents from 14 Cong. 2 sess. to 21 Cong. 1 sess. Very valuable.)
~1830, Dec. 6.~ Report of the Secretary of the Navy. _House Doc._, 21
Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 42-3; _Amer. State Papers, Naval Affairs_,
III. No. 429 E.
~1830, Dec. 6.~ Documents communicated to Congress by the President at
the opening of the Second Session of the Twenty-first Congress,
accompanying the Report of the Secretary of the Navy: Paper E. Statement
of expenditures, etc., for the removal of Africans to Liberia. _House
Doc._, 21 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 211-8.
~1831, Jan. 18.~ Spanish Slave Ship Fenix: Message from the President
... transmitting Documents in relation to certain captives on board the
Spanish slave vessel, called the Fenix. _House Doc._, 21 Cong. 2 sess.
III. No. 54; _Amer. State Papers, Naval Affairs_, III. No. 435.
~1831-1835.~ Reports of the Secretary of the Navy. _House Doc._, 22
Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 45, 272-4; 22 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp.
48, 229; 23 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 1, pp. 238, 269; 23 Cong. 2 sess. I.
No. 2, pp. 315, 363; 24 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 336, 378. Also
_Amer. State Papers, Naval Affairs_, IV. No. 457, R. Nos. 1, 2; No. 486,
H. I.; No. 519, R.; No. 564, P.; No. 585, P.
~1836, Jan. 26.~ Calvin Mickle, Ex'r of Nagle & De Frias. _House
Reports_, 24 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 209. (Reports on claims connected with
the captured slaver Constitution.)
~1836, Jan. 27, etc.~ [Reports from the Committee of Claims on cases of
captured Africans.] _House Reports_, 24 Cong. 1 sess. I. Nos. 223, 268,
and III. No. 574. No. 268 is reprinted in _House Reports_, 25 Cong. 2
sess. I. No. 4.
~1836, Dec. 3.~ Report of the Secretary of the Navy. _House Doc._, 24
Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 450, 506.
~1837, Feb. 14.~ Message from the President ... with copies of
Correspondence in relation to the Seizure of Slaves on board the brigs
"Encomium" and "Enterprise." _Senate Doc._, 24 Cong. 2 sess. II. No.
174; cf. _Ibid._, 25 Cong. 3 sess. III. No. 216.
~1837-1839.~ Reports of the Secretary of the Navy. _House Doc._, 25
Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 3, pp. 762, 771, 850; 25 Cong. 3 sess. I. No. 2, p.
613; 26 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 534, 612.
~1839.~ [L'Amistad Case.] _House Doc._, 26 Cong. 1 sess. IV. No. 185
(correspondence); 27 Cong. 3 sess. V. No. 191 (correspondence); 28 Cong.
1 sess. IV No. 83; _House Exec. Doc._, 32 Cong. 2 sess. III. No. 20;
_House Reports_, 26 Cong. 2 sess. No. 51 (case of altered Ms.); 28 Cong.
1 sess. II. No. 426 (Report of Committee); 29 Cong. 1 sess. IV. No. 753
(Report of Committee); _Senate Doc._, 26 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 179
(correspondence); _Senate Exec Doc._, 31 Cong. 2 sess. III. No. 29
(correspondence); 32 Cong. 2 sess. III. No. 19; _Senate Reports_, 31
Cong. 2 sess. No. 301 (Report of Committee); 32 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 158
(Report of Committee); 35 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 36 (Report of Committee).
~1840, May 18.~ Memorial of the Society of Friends, upon the subject of
the foreign slave trade. _House Doc._, 26 Cong. 1 sess. VI. No. 211.
(Results of certain investigations.)
~1840, Dec. 5.~ Report of the Secretary of the Navy. _House Doc._, 26
Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 405, 450.
~1841, Jan. 20.~ Message from the President ... communicating ... copies
of correspondence, imputing malpractices to the American consul at
Havana, in regard to granting papers to vessels engaged in the
slave-trade. _Senate Doc._, 26 Cong. 2 sess. III. No. 125. (Contains
much information.)
~1841, March 3.~ Search or Seizure of American Vessels, etc.: Message
from the President ... transmitting a report from the Secretary of
State, in relation to seizures or search of American vessels on the
coast of Africa, etc. _House Doc._, 26 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 115
(elaborate correspondence). See also _Ibid._, 27 Cong. 1 sess. No. 34;
_House Reports_, 27 Cong. 3 sess. III. No. 283, pp. 478-755
(correspondence).
~1841, Dec. 4.~ Report of the Secretary of the Navy. _House Doc._, 27
Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 349, 351.
~1842, Jan. 20.~ Message from the President ... communicating ... copies
of correspondence in relation to the mutiny on board the brig Creole,
and the liberation of the slaves who were passengers in the said vessel.
_Senate Doc._, 27 Cong. 2 sess. II. No. 51. See also _Ibid._, III. No.
137; _House Doc._, 27 Cong. 3 sess. I. No. 2, p. 114.
~1842, May 10.~ Resolutions of the Legislature of the State of
Mississippi in reference to the right of search, and the case of the
American brig Creole. _House Doc._, 27 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 215.
(Suggestive.)
~1842, etc.~ [Quintuple Treaty and Cass's Protest: Messages of the
President, etc.] _House Doc._, 27 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 249; _Senate
Doc._, 27 Cong. 3 sess. II. No. 52, and IV. No. 223; 29 Cong. 1 sess.
VIII. No. 377.
~1842, June 10.~ Indemnities for slaves on board the Comet and Encomium:
Report of the Secretary of State. _House Doc._, 27 Cong. 2 sess. V. No.
242.
~1842, Aug.~ Suppression of the African Slave Trade--Extradition: Case
of the Creole, etc. _House Doc._, 27 Cong. 3 sess. I. No. 2, pp.
105-136. (Correspondence accompanying Message of President.)
~1842, Dec.~ Report of the Secretary of the Navy. _House Doc._, 27 Cong.
3 sess. I. No. 2, p. 532.
~1842, Dec. 30.~ Message from the President ... in relation to the
strength and expense of the squadron to be employed on the coast of
Africa. _Senate Doc._, 27 Cong. 3 sess. II. No. 20.
~1843, Feb. 28.~ Construction of the Treaty of Washington, etc.: Message
from the President ... transmitting a report from the Secretary of
State, in answer to the resolution of the House of the 22d February,
1843. _House Doc._, 27 Cong. 3 sess. V. No. 192.