By REV. H. H. MOORE.
Now that winter is gone and the time for the singing of birds is near,
the readers of THE CHAUTAUQUAN, especially those who have spent a summer
at this place, will inquire: “How does Chautauqua appear in autumn, with
flowers withered, trees naked, and not a robin or thrush to be seen or
heard? What a contrast must be the sudden change from a summer world to
the wild desolations of a semi-Arctic winter!” and perhaps it seems to
them that the place was dead and buried beneath a monument of snow and
ice. A feeling of chilliness comes over them, and possibly they half
resolve never to visit these groves again. Pity, and possibly a prayer
are indulged for the poor unfortunates resident here. Lonesome things,
shut up in the woods, how can they stand it? With all respect and due
thanks for good intentions, we will excuse the pity, that it may be
bestowed where it is more needed, and will be better appreciated. If
contentment, good cheer, and the elements of good society can be found
anywhere, it is at Chautauqua.
Let man’s environments, duties and responsibilities be what they may,
if his mind and heart are in harmony and sympathy with them, he is
satisfied, and at rest.
If Chautauqua is stirring and rosy and beautiful in summer to all people,
to a nature that can appreciate it it is gorgeous, savage, grand and
thoughtful in winter. At the one season we float carelessly along in
the midst of scenes of sunshine, loveliness and gaiety; at the other
we are more, alone with God, we commune with the stars, and become
familiar with the sterner aspects of life. The change from one season
to another is simply turning over a leaf in the book of nature, and
receiving additional instruction, but of equal value. To our astronomers,
the heavens, whenever they could be seen, have presented an aspect of
surpassing beauty. Just after sunset in the west, Venus, from beyond
the sun has been seen climbing toward the zenith, and is now rapidly
approaching the earth, dropping down between it and the sun; we have
swept by fiery Mars, which has been nearly over our heads during the
winter; further to the east, Jupiter and Saturn have held high court;
over the southern heavens has swept Sirius, the brightest star to be
seen; to the north and northwest, Vega, the largest of the stars yet
measured, has been steadily looking down upon us, and to crown all,
Orion, the most magnificent of the constellations has illumined the
southern sky.
January was a month of storms, and often did we contrast its desolations
with the excitement of a summer Assembly, but such was our satisfaction
with the present that we were in no haste for a change. The wild, weird
elements of the season interested us; the opportunity afforded for
reading, rest and recuperation was what was needed, and we felt that
these things could not be too long continued. What, have the beautiful
lake ice-locked for months, and used as a public highway? Listen day and
night to the moaning and howling of the winds as they swept through
the branches of the naked trees, often threatening to tear them up by
the roots? Live weeks together without sight of the sun by day, or of
a star by night? Yes, for all these things accorded with each other,
and with the general aspect of nature. The music was of a _class_, and
each note was in harmony with the general movement of the grand anthem.
When nature had savagely arrayed itself in frost and snow and cloud and
tempest, hiding the earth and filling the heavens, had the sun put in an
appearance what a ghastly display would it have made! But in the midst
of this desolation the snow-birds appeared, and they were beautiful,
for they were the flowers of the season. We realized that the power of
harmony could be heard in a tempest as well as in a seraph’s song. It is
the extreme of folly to waste a winter watching for the coming of spring.
The soul that is free from shams and is a pure part of nature itself, is
attuned to the real and the true, and accepts the nature that is as the
best, and would resolutely resist a change.
Our snow storm continued about twenty-eight days, and its coming was
heralded by the play of lightning and the music of thunder. It never
ceased to be a pleasure to watch the falling of the snow; to see the
curiously wrought crystals drift out of the sky down among the branches
of the trees, filling the air till it seemed mantled in white—a new
creation. As an aid to the expression of our feelings we read the poem of
Emerson. We quote a few lines:
“Come see the north wind’s masonry,
Out of an unseen quarry evermore
Furnished with tile, the fierce artificer
Curves his white bastions with projected roof.
Round every windward stake, or tree, or door,
Speeding, the myriad-handed, his wild work
So fanciful, so savage, naught cares he
For number or proportion. Mockingly
On coop, or kennel he hangs Parian wreaths.
A swan-like form invests the hidden thorn,
Fills up the farmer’s lane from wall to wall
Maugre the farmer’s sighs; and at the gate
A tapering turret overtops the work,
And when his hours are numbered, and the world
Is all his own, retiring, as he were not,
Leaves when the sun appears, astonished Art
To mimic in slow structures, stone by stone
Built in an age, the mad wind’s night work
The frolic architecture of the snow.”
Had the storm completed its work in a day, the snow at Chautauqua would
have been from six to ten feet deep; but as it extended over the most of
a month, changing occasionally into rain, it became so packed that at no
time was it more than three feet deep. On some of the buildings, where
two roofs met at right-angles it was six or eight feet deep at the angle.
But we suffered no inconvenience from the long storm. Our stalwart young
men, with heavy teams and strong-built snow-plows, kept the streets open
to all parts of the grounds. For a short time, as our greatest trouble,
in common with other places, we were a little vexed because of the
irregularities of the mail.
But in our safe retreat we could but think of the time when this immense
mass of snow would melt away, perhaps attended by falling rain, and of
the suffering which the floods would cause in the valleys below. Our
gravest apprehensions have since been more than realized. As the snows
disappeared the waters of the lake began to rise, and the low lands about
Ashville, the Narrows, Griffiths, and other places were flooded, and the
area of the lake was sensibly enlarged. The upper dock at Chautauqua
stood out at least two rods in the lake, and in the baggage room, by
actual measurement, the water stood fourteen inches deep. As the stage of
water was unprecedented, we intend to sink a stone at high water mark as
a monument of the phenomenal flood of the year 1884.
Up to the 15th of January the game laws permit our fishermen to take
with spear pickerel from the lake, through the ice, and the time was
well improved, but with poor success. An almost air-tight house, about
four feet square, is placed on the ice where the water is from twelve to
fifteen feet deep. Brush and snow are packed about the base of the house,
and not a ray of light is allowed to enter; then the fisherman, closely
shut inside, can see into the clear water, but the fish cannot catch a
glimpse of anything in the house. Having thus taken all the advantages
to himself, he keeps a decoy chub moving about in the water, and as the
pickerel comes in sight to seize its prey, it is saluted with the deadly
spear. One year ago tons of pickerel were taken from the lake, and many
of them were shipped to distant cities as rare luxuries; but this has
been a very unfavorable season, for which all Chautauquans should be
thankful. During the legal fishing season, the wind was in the north,
and at such times, the fishermen say, the fish keep in deep water, and
will not “run.” However, some were taken, and those left we may troll for
during the August Assembly.
When the ice in the lake was at its best, the Assembly ice house and many
individual houses were filled, and in that respect we are prepared for a
long, hot summer, and for supplying the wants of the thousands of people
who may visit the place in July and August.
Late last autumn, quite a company of old Chautauquans repaired to Florida
to spend the winter; but fifty-nine families remained, and some that left
us have returned, so that the place is blest with the elements of good
society. The Sabbath services are largely attended; a choir of excellent
singers adds much to the interest of the occasion. The average attendance
at the Sunday-school was about ninety-six during the winter. It is
thoroughly manned and well supplied with lesson helps. The assistant
superintendent, A. P. Wilder, deserves much credit for the prosperity
of the school. The social and devotional exercises of the church are
spiritual, and special attention is given by competent teachers to the
religious education of the children. Thus an intelligent and Christian
class of people are keeping watch and ward of Chautauqua interests in the
absence of the Assembly authorities.
The local C. L. S. C. is under the direction of Mrs. Sarah Stephens, a
lady graduate, who brings to her duties, ability, culture, and the ardor
of woman’s heart. She follows closely the prescribed course of study, and
by the general circulation of written questions, endeavors to reach and
interest the entire community. The meetings are held Tuesday evenings, in
the chapel, and are largely attended by enthusiastic students. Most of
the people here live at their leisure, and much of their time is given to
reading and study. I have noticed that subjects discussed at the C. L. S.
C. meetings often come up for further examination in shops, stores, on
the street, and in the family, and these discussions I judge go far to
fix in the mind the subjects discussed. At any rate they are a splendid
substitute for the empty or slanderous gossip which is bred in minds that
have nothing else to do.
The Good Templars hold their meetings on Friday night and occasionally
favor the public with a lecture. Sometime in the winter, under the
auspices of the order, an oyster festival was given which brought
together a large crowd. The evening was devoted to feasting, music,
gossip and addresses. It was really an enjoyable occasion, without any
discount. The addresses were so well received as to elicit, in miniature,
the “Chautauqua salute.”
To accommodate the little folks who were not able to go outside the gates
to the public school, Miss Carrie Leslie has kept a private school, and
given entire satisfaction.
Not much has been done during the winter in the way of building and
improvements. Late in autumn, A. Norton, Esq., commenced the erection of
a fine cottage, at the corner of Vincent and Terrace Avenues, which is
now nearing completion. He is building a private cottage for a permanent
home, and will expend upon house and lot from $2,500 to $3,000. The Rev.
Frank Russell, D. D., of Mansfield, Ohio, has under way a unique cottage,
a little back of the Amphitheater, which, when completed, will present a
fine appearance. The prospect from his upper verandas will be the widest
and best on the grounds, away from the lake.
The Sixby store, embracing dry goods, groceries, drugs, and hardware,
under the management of the gentlemanly and accommodating Mr. Herrick,
has been open during the winter, and has done a good business.
We have had some sickness and one death since the Assembly. Mr.
Crossgrove, a very good man, came here some two years ago, the victim of
consumption, and passed away in September last, leaving a widow and other
friends to mourn their loss.
The first notes of preparation for the next Assembly have been heard. The
appointment of Mr. W. A. Duncan as superintendent of grounds gives entire
satisfaction. A modification of policy in some respects is anticipated,
which will reduce expenses and work general improvement.
We feel that we are nearing the time when a large group of boys will
be on the ground, receiving an education according to the _enlarged_
Chautauqua Idea.
I am here interrupted by the tolling of our bell, reminding us of
Longfellow, and one of our Memorial Days.
Chautauquans everywhere should know that the Chautauqua Vesper Service
is read every Sunday eve, and that all these Chautauqua interests and
peculiarities are cared for from one Assembly to another. Chautauqua
is not a six weeks summer affair, but in spirit, and to some extent in
form, it lives through all the months of the year, and twelve months are
none too many for the full development of all its interests. Again am I
interrupted, this time to attend a wedding at the parsonage, and here
shall close this survey of Chautauqua in the winter season.