LUBRICATION
Paragraph
Introduction 19
Lubrication guide 20
19. INTRODUCTION.
=a.= Lubrication is an essential part of preventive maintenance,
determining to a great extent serviceability of parts and assemblies.
=20. LUBRICATION GUIDE= (fig. 10).
=a. General.= Lubrication instructions for this materiel are
consolidated in a Lubrication Guide (fig. 10). These specify the points
to be lubricated, the periods of lubrication, and the lubricant to be
used. Intervals indicated on the guide are for normal service. For
extreme conditions, high speed, heat, mud, snow, rough roads, dust,
etc., change engine oil and lubricate more frequently. In addition to
the items on the guide, brake, gear shifter, clutch control linkage,
and hinges must be lubricated at frequent intervals.
=b. Supplies.= In the field it may not be possible to supply a
complete assortment of lubricants called for by the Lubrication Guide
to meet the recommendations. It will be necessary to make the best use
of those available, subject to inspection by the officer concerned, in
consultation with responsible ordnance personnel.
=c. Lubrication Notes.= The following notes apply to the Lubrication
Guide (fig. 10). All note references in the guide itself are to the
steps below having the corresponding number:
(1) BRAKE FITTINGS. Exercise caution when lubricating brake operating
cams and front brake cover bushing, as excess grease working out of
these bearings is likely to get onto brake lining, reducing brake
efficiency. CAUTION: _When using air‐operated grease gun, make sure not
to overlubricate brake fittings_.
(2) BRAKE HAND LEVER OILCAN POINTS. Oil hand lever fittings and “oiler”
mounted on cable housing. Oil front brake control cable at ends of
control cable housing.
(3) GENERATOR COMMUTATOR END BEARING. Hand‐pack with general purpose
grease, No. 2, at temperatures above zero. Below zero, use lighter
grease. This operation requires removal of generator end cover. Bearing
outer grease retainer must be loosened and swung aside for access to
bearing. If not convenient to grease bearing at specified intervals, at
least lubricate with a few drops of engine oil applied to hole in outer
grease retainer. Do not overlubricate. CAUTION: _Generator regulating
brush plate must not be shifted while bearing outer grease retainer
is loose (par. 92). Generator drive end bearing requires no attention,
since it is lubricated by oil circulating through engine._
[Illustration: KEY
+-------------------------------------+
| LUBRICANTS |
| OE—OIL, ENGINE (CRANKCASE GRADE) |
| CG—GREASE, GENERAL PURPOSE |
| No. 1 (ABOVE +32°) |
| No. 1 OR No. 0 (+32° TO +10°) |
| No. 0 (BELOW +10°) |
| WB—GREASE, GENERAL PURPOSE (No. 2) |
+-------------------------------------+
+--------------------------+
| INTERVALS |
| 1/4—250 MILES |
| 1/2—500 MILES |
| 1—1000 MILES |
| 6—6000 MILES |
| * L—SPECIAL LUBRICATION |
+--------------------------+
| CHECK DAILY |
| ----------- |
| Air Cleaner |
| Engine Oil Tank |
+--------------------------+
TABLE OF CAPACITIES WITH RECOMMENDATIONS AT TEMPERATURES SHOWN
+--------------+----------+------------+--------------+------------+
| UNIT | CAPACITY | ABOVE +32° | +32° TO +10° | BELOW +10° |
+--------------+----------+------------+--------------+------------+
| OIL TANK | 1 GALLON | OE | OE | OE |
| | | S.A.E. 50 | S.A.E. 30 | S.A.E. 10 |
+--------------+----------+------------+--------------+------------+
| TRANSMISSION | 3/4 pint | OE | OE | OE |
| | | S.A.E. 50 | S.A.E. 30 | S.A.E. 10 |
+--------------+----------+------------+--------------+------------+
RA PD 310207
_Figure 10_—_Lubrication Guide_]
(4) SPARK AND THROTTLE CONTROL GRIPS. These grips require disassembly.
Twice a year, or whenever grips do not turn freely, indicating need of
lubrication, remove grips, clean parts, apply grease, and reassemble
(par. 101).
(5) AIR CLEANER. Examine oil cup daily for excessive dirt and correct
oil level. Under extremely dusty or sandy conditions it may be
necessary to clean and refill the air cleaner more than once daily.
Refill oil cup to indicated level with engine oil. Drain, clean, and
refill oil cup every 250 miles, depending upon operating conditions.
Every 1,000 miles (oftener if necessary), remove air cleaner filter
units, wash in dry‐cleaning solvent, lubricate, and reassemble (par.
76). NOTE: _Early type round cleaner did not have removable filter
element. Complete cleaner must be removed to wash element._
(6) WHEEL BEARINGS. When wheel hubs are lubricated at regular 500‐mile
interval, 1/8 ounce of grease with each greasing is sufficient. This
amounts to about 15 shots of the standard 1‐pound air gun, or four
strokes with a 1‐pound, hand‐operated gun. If vehicle has been operated
in water, wheel hubs submerged, apply hub greasing service immediately
afterward (or soon as situation permits). Do not overlubricate wheel
hub bearings, as excess grease may work into brake linings, reducing
brake efficiency. When using air‐operated grease gun, it is easy to
overlubricate wheel hub bearings.
(7) STEERING HEAD BEARINGS. Every 50,000 miles, repack upper and lower
bearings, or whenever there is occasion to remove rigid fork for repair
or replacement (par. 98).
(8) TANK, ENGINE OIL. Oil tank is located on right side of motorcycle.
Empty tank holds 1 U. S. gallon. Check daily and add engine oil as
necessary to refill tank within 1 inch of top. Oil level gage rod (dip
stick) is located directly below tank cap. When oil level is down to
“REFILL” mark on gage rod, 2 U. S. quarts may be added. Drain oil tank
every 1,000 miles and refill with fresh engine oil. Drain plug located
on underside of tank in forward position. In extremely dusty service,
and in winter weather, change oil oftener.
(_a_) _Winter Caution._ Water is a by‐product of combustion in any
internal combustion engine. In a condensed state, the water vapor
formed would equal approximately the quantity of gasoline burned. Some
of this water vapor escapes past the rings into the crankcase. When
starting and warming up in cold weather, considerable vapor getting
into crankcase condenses to water before crankcase is hot enough
to exhaust the vapor, without inside condensation, through outside
breather. If engine is driven enough to get crankcase thoroughly warmed
up frequently, most of this water is again vaporized and blown out
through outside breather. However, a moderately driven engine, making
only short runs now and then, and seldom thoroughly warmed up, is
likely to accumulate an increasing amount of water in oil tank. This
water will, in freezing weather, become slush or ice and, if allowed
to accumulate too long, may block oil lines with resulting damage to
engine. Also, water mixed with oil for some time, forms a heavy sludge
of considerable acid content that is very harmful to bearings and
other internal engine parts. To sum it up briefly, an engine that is
used only for short runs during freezing weather requires frequent oil
changes along with thorough flushing of tank to remove any accumulated
sludge.
(9) TRANSMISSION FILLER OPENING. Check oil level in transmission case
every 250 miles and add engine oil as necessary to bring level up to
filler opening. If motorcycle is run unusually long distances, inspect
more frequently. Motorcycle must be on rear stand in straight upright
position when checking oil level or filling transmission case. Use
same grade of oil used in engine, summer, and winter. If gear shifting
difficulty is caused by oil congealing in extremely cold weather, thin
oil with small amount of kerosene or dry‐cleaning solvent. Every 1,000
miles, drain and refill transmission to level of transmission filler
plug opening with specified grade of engine oil. Transmission holds
3/4 pint of oil. To drain transmission case remove filler plug and lay
motorcycle on right side. CAUTION: _Do not leave motorcycle on side
longer than two minutes_.
(10) DRIVE CHAINS.
(_a_) Front and rear drive chains are automatically supplied with
lubrication by engine oil pumps. Chain oilers are adjustable and may
need occasional readjustment to meet lubrication requirements of varied
operating conditions. Every 1,000 miles (or more often if operating
conditions are extremely severe) inspect front primary drive chain for
adequate lubrication (fig. 36).
(_b_) At every 1,000‐mile period rear drive chain should have
additional lubrication as follows: Remove chain, wash thoroughly in
dry‐cleaning solvent and hang it up to dry. Then soak chain in SAE 10
engine oil for a short period of time to allow oil to penetrate into
all chain bearings. Drain chain and wipe off excess oil. Install rear
chain (par. 63). (This attention is not required by front chain.)
Readjustment of chain oilers must be made only by organization mechanic
(par. 61). CAUTION: _Inspect frequently and make sure that rear chain
oiler supply pipe is clear, not bent or damaged_.
=d. Before Applying Lubricant.= Always wipe dirt from the lubrication
fittings or plugs so that dirt will not enter with the lubricant.
Lubricate all chassis points after washing vehicle or after vehicle has
been operated in streams or extremely muddy or slushy roads. CAUTION:
_It is extremely important that high‐pressure cleaning streams or
steam should not be directed against ends of wheel hubs, brake side
cover bearings, air cleaner, handle bar grips, or electrical system.
To do so will seriously affect correct lubrication and functioning of
these parts._
=e. Oilcan Points.= All brake, transmission, and clutch control
points not fitted with grease connections should be lubricated with
engine oil. Front brake control cable, spark, and throttle control
wires must be oiled at the ends of their respective housings,
especially after washing vehicle, or after operating it in wet weather.
Keep battery terminal felt washers saturated with engine oil to prevent
corrosion of connections.
=f. Warning Light.= Action of the engine oil feed pump is indicated
by red signal light in instrument panel. Rider must be thoroughly
familiar with operating characteristics of this signal light, to judge
condition of engine oil circulating system (par. 7 f).