_Uredo senecionis_
At A is illustrated a fragment of a leaf of _Senecio pulcher_, natural
size, and covered with the orange-coloured fungus; at B a small part of
a _Uredo_ pustule as seen bursting through the cuticle of the Senecio
leaf.
No remedial measures for the extirpation of this fungus are known, but
as garden Senecios and Cinerarias are infected by diseased plants of
Wild Groundsel, it is desirable that plants of the latter (especially
when diseased) should be destroyed. Weeds in and about gardens are a
common cause of disease in cultivated plants. It often happens that a
weed, being sturdy, is only slightly inconvenienced when attacked,
whilst a cultivated plant will speedily succumb if attacked by the same
fungus. This is the case in the _Sempervivum_ disease. In this country
the common House Leek is the nurse-plant, and is seldom much injured;
but if the disease _Endophyllum sempervivi_ gets among greenhouse
species, every plant may be utterly destroyed.
[Illustration: Fungi of Gladioli, Lilies, etc.] FUNGI OF GLADIOLI,
LILIES, ETC.
_Urocystis gladioli_ and _Ovularia elliptica_
Gladiolus, Crocus, Narcissus, and Lily Diseases.—In certain soils and
situations where the ground is heavy and the atmosphere inclined to be
humid the Gladiolus is very subject to a destructive fungoid disease.
This is especially the case during unusually wet summers. The disease
attacks the corm, and corrodes and decomposes the tissues, so that on
cutting open a corm the whole interior, or such parts as are diseased,
will be found permeated with a deep, foxy colour. It is believed by
some persons that one stage of this disease is identical with the
disease named ‘Tacon’ by the French, and in this country known as
‘Copper Web,’ _Rhizoctonia crocorum_. This _Rhizoctonia_ is a mere
spawn or mycelium, a mass of rusty-brown material like a thick coating
of spider’s web of a red tint. This parasite attacks the Crocus
(especially _C. sativus_), the Narcissus, Asparagus, Potato, and other
plants. Immersed in the softer and damper portions of the red substance
of the corm may frequently be found great numbers of large compound
spores, as illustrated at A (enlarged two hundred and fifty diameters).
These bodies belong to the fungus named _Urocystis gladioli_; but
whether they really belong to the spawn named _Rhizoctonia_ there is no
conclusive evidence, as the spores have never been seen on the threads
or upon any spawn. The spores are very ornamental objects, consisting
of from three to six compacted inner brown bodies, surrounded by an
indefinite number of transparent cells. At maturity these spores break
up as at B, and are the means of reproducing the fungus.
The Colchicum is attacked by a closely allied but different species of
_Urocystis_—viz. _U. colchici_. The Ranunculaceæ are attacked by
another ally in _U. pompholygodes_ and Rye is attacked by a third in
_U. occulta_. No method of cure has yet been published for this pest;
it is, however, desirable that only sound and good corms should be
planted, for if infected corms are placed in the ground it is one
certain means of propagating the disease. The bars shown across the
illustration of this disease are magnificent crystals, very common in
Gladiolus corms.
Lilies are very subject to a disease in early summer: the leaves get
spotted and damp, and rot off; the flower buds speedily follow, and
leave the bare stalk. The disease of Lilies is caused by a fungus
closely allied to the fungus of the Potato disease, and named _Ovularia
elliptica_, known also as _Botrytis elliptica_ (see illustration C).
The spores are large, and produce zoospores, or spores with hair-like
tails (cilia), capable of swimming about in water or upon moist places.
This pest attacks a large number of species of _Lilium_, both before
and after flowering. _Hyacinthus candicans_ and some Tulips suffer from
a very similar, if not the same, organism. This fungus has been
described as a true _Peronospora_. Bulbs are subject to many fungus
growths as _Volutella hyacinthorum_, _Didymium Sowerbei_, &c.; many
fungi follow the decay of the bulb, others undoubtedly produce or
greatly accelerate decay. No remedy is known, but we advise the
purchase of the soundest and best bulbs. Good drainage and sufficient
air are indispensable. All infected foliage and stems should be burned.
Disease of Hollyhocks and Malvaceous Plants.—In some parts of England
the cultivation of the Hollyhock had at one time quite ceased owing to
the attacks of a microscopic fungus named _Puccinia malvacearum_. In
gardens and nurseries, where years ago Hollyhocks were one of the chief
ornaments of the place, it became impossible to grow a single plant.
The disease is not confined to the Hollyhock, for it attacks many
malvaceous plants, notably the Mallows of our hedgesides. We have seen
plants of the white variety of the Musk Mallow (_Malva moschata_)
totally destroyed by this parasite. The home of the Hollyhock fungus is
Chili, whence the Potato fungus reached us. The Hollyhock fungus first
attacked the malvaceous plants of Australia, and then reached England
in 1873 by the continent of Europe. The best and cleanest seeds of the
Hollyhock should be purchased.
[Illustration: Fungus of Hollyhock] FUNGUS OF HOLLYHOCK DISEASE
_Puccinia malvacearum_
A fragment of a Hollyhock leaf is illustrated at A, dotted with the
characteristic brown pustules; these pustules cover the stems as well
as the leaves. At B is shown the edge of a pustule enlarged one hundred
diameters and seen in section; to show the whole of a pustule in
section from six inches to a foot of space would be required. Bursting
through the skin of the plant may be seen a dense forest of threads,
each thread bearing a spore with a joint across the middle. One pustule
alone will produce thousands of these double spores. At C some of the
threads and spores are still further enlarged to two hundred diameters,
and at D one ripe spore is shown falling from the thread and breaking
asunder—each piece is a reproductive body or spore. When mature, these
minute spores or ‘seeds’ are carried in the air by millions. At E one
of the compound spores is enlarged to four hundred diameters. As this
disease is seated within the tissues of the plant, remedies are
difficult of application, and in many cases attempts at cure have
failed. No doubt the fungus is nursed by malvaceous weeds. Infected
Hollyhock plants and allied weeds should be destroyed by fire or by
deep burying.
Poppy Disease.—Garden Poppies are often attacked by a fungus pest
closely allied to the fungus of the Potato disease, and named
_Peronospora arborescens_. It grows sometimes in abundance on the
common Red Poppy of cornfields (_Papaver Rhoeas_), and it badly attacks
_P. somniferum_ and all its garden varieties. The fungus grows within
the leaves, and emerges with a tree-like growth through the organs of
transpiration (the stomates) on the under side of the leaves. Like the
fungus of the Potato disease, it speedily sets up decomposition, and
destroys the host-plant.
[Illustration: Fungus of Poppy] FUNGUS OF POPPY DISEASE
_Peronospora arborescens_
At A is illustrated one of the stems of the Poppy _Peronospora_
emerging from the leaf, enlarged seventy-five diameters. The fungus of
the Poppy is very much more branched than that of the Potato, and every
minute branchlet carries a spore. To save confusion, a large number of
spores are omitted from the branchlets in the illustration, and the
branches growing from the stem both before and behind are for the same
reason left out. At B a tip of a single branch is shown further
enlarged to four hundred diameters. The spores in the Poppy fungus are
unusually large and numerous: an infected plant will throw off many
millions of such spores. All the putrefactive spawn of this fungus is
inside the host-plant; cure, therefore, is difficult. This disease,
like every other plant disease, is always at its worst in ill-kept
places where red field Poppies are abundant. Field Poppies are often
sown with unclean corn. As prevention is better than cure, all we can
advise is, buy the best and cleanest garden and field seeds, cultivate
in the best way, and look out for and burn, or deeply bury as soon as
detected, all disease-stricken plants, whether wild or cultivated. When
diseased plants of any sort are left to decay on the refuse-heap, it is
the most certain way of propagating a plant disease for the next year.
Diseases of Violets.—Violets are subject to fungoid diseases, both in
spring and autumn. The disease of autumn is caused by the brown
_Puccinia violæ_, allied to the _P. graminis_ of Corn and to the _P.
malvacearum_ of Hollyhocks and various malvaceous plants. The
_Puccinia_ of Violets has its yellowish or orange-coloured stage; it is
then known as _Trichobasis_, or _Uredo violarum_. In spring and early
summer Violets are often badly affected by a fungus named _Æcidium
violæ_, which is apparently identical, however, with _Puccinia violæ_.
This disease attacks leaves, stems, and sepals, and it is best examined
on the leaves. In this position it is seen to consist of a considerable
number of minute yellow pustules, each pustule less in size than a
pin’s head, and all congregated into one flat circular mass of about a
quarter of an inch in diameter. This pest is very frequent on the Dog
Violet, but it is perhaps equally common on the Sweet Violets of our
gardens in early spring, and it not infrequently spreads to other
species of _Viola_. One of the most destructive pests of Violas is
found in _Æcidium depauperans_, so called because its effect is first
to starve and attenuate, and then to totally destroy, plants of _Viola
cornuta_. It is a close ally of _Ae. violæ_, but it differs in having
its minute cups or pustules irregularly distributed all over the green
parts of the host-plant instead of being congregated in circular
patches, as in _Ae. violæ_. Our illustration shows, at A, a small
portion of the stem of _Viola cornuta_ attacked by _Æcidium
depauperans_. The minute pustules are seen (natural size) distributed
all over the stem, leaf-stalks, and ruined leaves; the effect of the
fungus growth is to decompose the tissues of the plant. At B, a
transverse section through the stem is illustrated and magnified twenty
diameters. The section cuts through several of the abscess-like
pustules, and it is seen how completely embedded they are in the flesh
of the plant. At C, a pustule is seen in section, enlarged sixty
diameters to show more clearly the innumerable spores, or ‘seeds,’
disposed in necklace-like fashion, which are destined to reproduce the
pest in future seasons. Another disease of Violets in autumn is caused
by a fungus named _Urocystis violæ_. This fungus causes gouty swellings
to form on the stalks and principal veins. These swellings at length
burst, exhibit black patches, and discharge sooty spores. The fungoid
disease named _Phyllosticta violæ_ is frequently common on Violet
leaves in June. In this the spots are whitish. No cure is known, and it
is always well to burn or deeply bury all infected leaves or plants.
[Illustration: Violet Disease] VIOLET DISEASE
_Æcidium depauperans_
INDEX
Abronia, 373
Abutilon, 228, 365, 373
Achimenes, 228, 320, 360
Acidia heraclei, 420
Aconite, Winter, 353, 410
Acroclinium, 373
Æcidium depauperans, 452
—violæ, 451
Agapanthus, 320, 400
Agaricus campestris, 84
Allium, 321
—ascalonicum, 129
—Cepa, 92
—Porrum, 73
—sativum, 63
—Schoenoprasum, 66
Alonsoa, 229, 398
Alpine Strawberry, 137, 159, 170
Alstroemeria, 321, 400
Althæa rosea, 271
Alyssum, 373, 397
Amaryllis, 229, 340, 360, 401
American Blight, 418
—Cress, 54
Anbury, 146, 434
Anchusa, 386
Anemone, 229, 321, 365, 390, 401, 407
Angelica, 65
—Archangelica, 65
Annuals, 220, 385
—classified according to colour, 222
—Half-hardy, 226
—Hardy, 226, 364, 372, 380, 396, 407
—Tender, 227
—under glass, 225, 397
Annual Chrysanthemum, 250, 373, 397, 398
Anthriscus Cerefolium, 66
Antirrhinum, 230, 360, 386, 395, 397
Ants, 428
Aphis, 416
—Bean, 417
—Pea, 417
—rumicis, 417
Apium graveolens, 47
April work among Flowers, 380
—in the Vegetable Garden, 172
Aquilegia, 231, 365, 390
Artemisia Absinthium, 71
—Dracunculus, 71
Artichoke, Chinese, 132
—Globe, 4, 153, 160, 165, 172, 188, 194
—Jerusalem, 6, 161, 165, 194
Artificial Manures, and their application to Garden Crops, 210
Asparagus, 7, 154, 166, 172, 177, 182, 194
—Greenhouse Foliage varieties, 232, 366
—officinalis, 7
Asperula, 373, 397
Aster, 232, 373, 380, 398
—sub-cæruleus, 386
Aubergine, 61
Aubrietia, 235, 386
August work among Flowers, 396
—in the Vegetable Garden, 188
Auricula, 236, 366, 374
Australian Oak, 271
Autumn Broccoli, 31
Babiana, 323, 401
Balm, 66
Balsam, 237, 374, 381, 386, 390
—Sultan’s, 273
Barbarea præcox, 54
Barbe de Capucin, 122
Barberton or Transvaal Daisy, 266
Bartonia, 373
Basil, Bush, 66
—Sweet, 66
Bastard Trenching, 112
Bean Aphis, 417
—Broad, 16, 154, 161, 166, 172, 195, 196
—Butter, 24
—Climbing French, 21, 161, 173, 178, 183, 186
—Dwarf French 17, 161, 173, 177, 183, 185, 186
—Flageolets, 20, 178
—Haricot, 22, 178
—Runner, 22, 178, 183
—Waxpod, 24
Beet, Garden 24, 122, 161, 156, 173, 178, 185, 193
—Silver, or Sea Kale, 27
—Spinach, 132, 170, 176
Begonia, Fibrous-rooted, 240, 361
—Tuberous-rooted 238, 323, 360, 366, 391, 401
Bell Flower, 244
Bellis perennis, 260
Belvidere, 274
Bermuda Lily, 341
Beta Cicla, 132
—vulgaris, 24
Biennials, Hardy, 227, 364, 386, 396
Bird Pepper, 40
Black Bot, 131
—Fly, 416
—Scab of Potatoes, 440
Blacksmiths, 431
Blight, American. . .418
Blue Fly, 416
—Squill, 348
Borage, 66
Borago officinalis, 66
Bordeaux mixture, 440
Border, Warm, 196
Borecole, 27, 176
Brassica oleracea acephala, 27
—botrytis asparagoides, 29
—caulifiora, 44
—bullata, 38
—gemmifera, 33
—capitata, 35
—Caulo-rapa, 72
—costata, 53
—Rapa, 144
Bremia lactucæ, 442
Broad Bean, 16, 154, 161, 166, 172, 195, 196
Broccoli, 29, 161, 166, 173,178, 183, 186, 188, 195
Brompton Stock, 301, 394
Brussels Sprouts, 33, 161, 166, 173, 178
Bug, Mealy, 425
Bulbs, Flowering, Culture of, 317
—growing in Moss-fibre, 319, 335, 345, 352
—in Store, 413
Burgundy mixture, 440
Bush Basil, 66
Butter Bean, 24
Butterfly Flower, 296
Cabbage, 35, 154, 161, 166, 173, 178, 183, 185, 186, 188, 191, 193
—Flea, 422
—Lettuce, 75, 169, 180
—Portugal, 53, 162
—Red, 38, 166, 174, 188
—Root Fly, 421
—Savoy, 38, 163, 181
Cacalia, 373
Calandrinia, 373, 397
Calceolaria, Herbaceous, 240, 374, 391, 395, 401
—Shrubby, 243, 366
Calendula, 373
—officinalis, 67, 278, 397
Callistephus sinensis, 232
Campanula, 243, 366, 386, 396
—Rapunculus, 70
Canary Creeper, 308, 383
Candytuft, 373, 386, 397
Canna, 246, 361, 392
Canterbury Bell, 245, 381
Cape Primrose, 302
Capsicum, 39, 161, 178, 183
—annuum, 39
—baccatum, 39
Cardoon, 40, 174, 186, 188, 193
Carnation, 247, 362, 381, 398
Carrot, 41, 166, 174, 178, 185,186, 193, 195
—Fly, 419
—Moth, 419
Carum Petroselinum, 68
Castor-oil Plant, 293, 371
Catchfly, 298, 400
Caterpillars, 428
Cauliflower 44, 154, 161, 166, 174, 178, 183, 185, 188, 191, 193, 195
Cayenne Pepper, 40
Celeriac, 51, 122, 166, 193
Celery 47, 122, 166, 174, 179, 183, 186, 189, 191, 193, 195, 196
—Fly, 51, 419
—Leaf Spot of, 442
Celosia cristata, 254
—plumosa, 248, 367
Centranthus, 373
Ceutorhynchus pleurostigma, 437
Chards, 5, 124, 186, 191
Cheiranthus Allionii, 386, 397
—Cheiri, 310
Chemistry of Garden Crops, 202
Chenopodium Bonus-Henricus, 84
Chervil, 122, 174
—Curled, 66, 122
Chicory, 52, 122, 183, 193
Chili, 39, 161
Chimney Campanula, 244
Chinese Artichoke, 132
—Primrose, 291
—Sacred Lily, 346
Chionodoxa, 325, 398
Chives, 66, 122, 167
Chrysanthemum, 249, 362, 373, 381, 386, 397, 398
Cichorium Endivia, 61
—Intybus, 52
Cineraria, 250, 362, 387, 392, 398
—Disease, 447
—Intermediate, 252
—stellata, 252
Cladosporium fulvum, 445
Clarkia, 253, 373, 397, 398
Cleaning Old Pots, 357
Clerodendron fallax, 254, 375
Click-Beetle, 431
Climbing French Bean, 21, 161, 173, 178, 183, 186
Club, 434
Cochlearia Armoracia, 72
Cockscomb, 254, 367
—Plumed, 248
Coleus, 255, 375, 387
Coleworts, 36, 178, 183
Collinsia, 373, 397
Collomia, 373
Columbine, 231
Common Thyme, 71
Convallaria majalis, 342
Convolvulus minor, 373
Coreopsis, 373, 386, 397
Corn Flag, 267
—Salad, 53, 122, 161, 185, 189
Cornflower, 373, 397
Cos Lettuce, 75, 169, 184
Cosmea, 256, 367
Cosmos, 256
Couve Tronchuda, 53, 162
Crambe maritima, 125
Crane Fly, 424
Cress, 54, 123, 154, 185
—American, 54
—Indian, 308
—Land, 54
—Water, 54, 123, 171
Crocus, 325, 401, 407
—Disease, 448
Crops, Garden, Chemistry of, 202
—Rotation of, 198
Crown Imperial, 326, 402
Cucumber, 55, 123, 154, 167, 179, 183, 187, 189, 191
—Pickling, 183
—Ridge, 60, 179, 187
—Root-knot Eelworm, 424
—Winter, 58
Cucumis Melo, 80
—sativus, 55
Cucurbita, 63
—Pepo ovifera, 147
Culture of Flowering Bulbs, 317
—of Flowers from Seeds, 216
—of Vegetables, 1
Curled Chervil, 66, 122
Cutting Flowers, 260
Cyclamen, 256, 326, 362, 382, 387, 396, 398, 402, 407, 410
Cynara Cardunculus, 40
—Scolymus, 4
Cynoglossum, 386
Dactylopius odonidum, 425
Daddy Longlegs, 424
Daffodils, 344, 405
Dahlia, 258, 367, 382, 387
Daisy, Barberton or Transvaal, 266
—Double, 260, 392
—Orange, 263
—Ox-eye, 250, 381
Dandelion, 60, 123, 180
Daucus Carota, 41
Day Lily, Japanese, 343
December work among Flowers, 412
—in the Vegetable Garden, 196
Delphinium, 261, 387
Depressaria cicutella, 419
Dianthus, 262, 367, 375, 393, 398
—barbatus, 307
—Caryophyllus fl. pl., 247, 287
—plumarius, 288
Digitalis, 262, 386
Dimorphotheca, 263, 373, 375, 398
Disease, Cineraria, 447
—Crocus, 448
—Gladiolus, 448
—Hollyhock, 449
—Lily, 448
—Narcissus, 448
—Pea, 443
—Poppy, 450
—Potato, 117, 437
—Senecio, 447
—Tomato, 443
—Violet, 451
—Wart, of Potatoes, 44
Dog’s-tooth Violet, 327, 402
Double Daisy, 260, 392
Drainage of Pots, 358
Dwarf French Bean, 17, 161, 173, 177, 183, 185, 186
Earwigs, 428
Easter Lily, 341
Eelworm, Root-knot, 424, 445
Egg Plant, 61, 162
Elater lineatus, 431
—obscurus, 431
—ruficaudis, 431
Endive, 61, 123, 174, 183, 185, 187, 189, 191, 193, 197
Erysimum, 373, 397
Erysiphe Martii, 443
Eschscholtzia, 264, 373, 397
Eutoca, 373
Faba vulgaris, 16
Feather Hyacinth, 336, 408
February work among Flowers, 364
—in the Vegetable Garden, 160
Fennel, 66, 174
Ferraria, 350, 379
Fibrous-rooted Begonia, 240, 361
Finger-and-toe, 434
Finocchio, 67
Flageolets, 20, 178
Flea, Cabbage, 422
Florence Fennel, 67
Flower of the West Wind, 354
Flowering Bulbs, Culture of, 317
Flowers all the Year Round, 355
—from Seeds, Culture of, 216
Fly, Black, 416
—Blue, 416
—Cabbage Root, 421
—Carrot, 419
—Celery, 51, 419
—Crane, 424
—Green, 416
—Onion, 420
—Turnip, 422
Fœniculum duke, 67
—officinale, 66
Forced Strawberries, 136
Forcing in January, 153
Forget-me-not, 280
Foxglove, 262
Fragaria, 133
Frame Cucumber, 55
—Ground, 160
Freesia, 264, 328, 362, 398, 402
Fritillaria, 326, 328, 402
Fuchsia, 264, 367
Fungicide, 440, 446
Fungus Pests of certain Flowers, 447
—of certain Garden Plants, 434
Fusarium lycopersici, 444
Gaillardia, 265, 375, 386
Galega officinalis, 386
Garden Beet, 24, 122, 161, 166, 173, 178, 185, 193
—Crops, Chemistry of, 202
—Pea, 101, 158, 162, 169, 176, 180, 184, 185, 187, 190, 195
—Rubbish, 185
—Vermin, Eradication of, 414
Garlic, 63, 162, 168, 187
Gaura Lindheimeri, 386
Geranium, 265, 368, 393, 399
Gerbera, 266, 399
Gesnera, 266, 362
Geum, 267, 375, 386
Gilia, 373, 397
Gladiolus 267, 329, 368, 376, 382, 393, 402, 4O7, 410
Globe Artichoke, 4, 153, 160, 165, 172, 188, 194
Glory of the Snow, 325
Gloxinia, 268, 331, 363, 368, 376, 402
Godetia, 269, 373, 397
Good King Henry, 84
Gourd, 63, 180
Grape Hyacinth, 336, 408
Green Fly, 416
Grevillea robusta, 271, 363
‘Grub’, 437
Gypsophila, 373, 386, 398
Half-hardy Annuals, 226
Haltica (Phyllotreta) nemorum, 422
—oleracea, 422
Hardy Annuals, 226, 364, 372, 380, 396, 407
—Biennials, 227, 364, 386, 396
—Perennials, 227, 386
Haricot Bean, 22, 178
Hawkweed, 373
Helianthus annuus, 138, 302
—tuberosus, 6
Helichrysum, 373
Hemerocallis Kwanso fl. pl., 343
Herbaceous Calceolaria, 240, 374, 391, 395, 401
Herbs, 64, 168, 174
Heterodera radicicola, 424, 445
Heuchera, 386
Hibiscus, 373
Hippeastrum, 229
Hollyhock, 271, 363, 376, 388, 393, 408
—Disease, 449
Horehound, 67
Horse-radish, 72, 156, 168, 195
Hot-bed, 165, 167
Humus, 208
Hyacinth, 332, 403, 408
—Feather, 336, 408
—Grape, 336, 408
—Italian, 337, 399, 404, 408
—Miniature, 336, 408
—Roman, 337, 399, 404, 408
Hyacinthus candicans, 338, 410
Hyssop, 67, 174
Hyssopus officinalis, 67
Iberis, 386
Iceland Poppy, 397
Impatiens, 273, 376
—Balsamina, 237
Indian Cress, 308
—Pink, 262
—Shot, 246, 361
Intermediate Cineraria, 252
—Stock, 301, 371, 400
Introductory Remarks to Culture of Flowering Bulbs, 317
—of Flowers from Seeds, 216
—All the Year Round, 355
—of Vegetables, 1
—Pests of Garden Plants, 414
—to a Year’s Work in Vegetable Garden, 151
Iris, 338, 404
Italian Hyacinth, 337, 399, 404, 408
Ixia, 338, 404
Jacobea, 297, 373
January work among Flowers, 360
—in the Vegetable Garden, 152
Japan Pink, 262
Japanese Day Lily, 343
Jerusalem Artichoke, 6, 161, 165, 194
Jonquil, 339, 405
July work among Flowers, 395
—in the Vegetable Garden, 185
June work among Flowers, 390
—in the Vegetable Garden, 182
Kale, 27, 176
—Sea Kale, 125, 159, 163, 170, 195
Kaulfussia, 373
Knol Kohl, 72, 168
Kochia trichophylla, 274, 368, 382
Kohl Rabi, 72, 168, 185
Lachenalia, 339, 408
Lactuca sativa, 75
Lamb’s Lettuce, 53
Land Cress, 54
Larkspur, 274, 373, 397
Lathyrus odoratus, 303
Lavandula, 67
Lavatera, 275, 373, 377
Lavender, 67
Layia, 373
Leaf-mould, 356
Leaf Rust of Tomato, 445
—Spot of Celery, 442
Leather-jacket, 424
Lecanium hibernaculorum, 426
Leek, 73, 156, 168, 175, 187
—Bulbs, 75
Lemon Thyme, 71
Lepidium sativum, 54
Leptosiphon, 373, 397
Leptosyne, 373
Lettuce, 75, 123, 156, 162, 169, 175, 180, 184, 185, 189, 191, 193
—Lamb’s, 53
—Mildew, 442
Leucojum, 339, 408
Lilies, 340, 410
Lilium auratum, 341, 410
—Harrisii, 341
—lancifolium, 342, 410
Lily, Bermuda, 341
—Chinese Sacred, 346
—Disease, 448
—Easter, 341
—Japanese Day, 343
—of the Valley, 342, 411
Lime, 212
Limnanthes, 373, 397
Linaria, 373, 397, 398
Linum, 373
Lobelia, 275, 368, 377, 383, 396
Love-lies-bleeding, 373
Lupine, 277
Lupinus, 277, 373, 377, 386
Lycopersicum esculentum, 138
Maize, 80, 180
Mallow, 275, 377
Malope, 373
Manures, Artificial, and their application to Garden Crops, 210
March work among-Flowers, 372
—in the Vegetable Garden, 164
Marguerite, 250, 381
Marigold, 277, 373, 377, 383
—Pot, 67, 278
Marjoram, Pot, 67
—Sweet Knotted, 67
Marrow, Vegetable, 147, 176, 182
Marrubium vulgare, 67
Marvel of Peru, 278, 377, 383
Mathiola, 299, 373
May work among Flowers, 385
—in the Vegetable Garden, 176
Mealy Bug, 425
Melissa officinalis, 66
Melon, 80, 157, 169, 175, 180, 184
Melon-house, the, 83
Mentha Pulegium, 69
—viridis, 68
Mercury, 84
Mice, 432
Mignonette, 279, 373, 377, 383, 399
Mildew, Lettuce, 442
—Onion, 442
Mimulus, 279, 369, 396
—moschatus, 280
Miniature Hyacinth, 336, 408
Mint, 68
Mirabilis Jalapa, 278
Monkey Flower, 279
Montbretia, 343
Moss-fibre, growing bulbs in, 319, 335, 345, 352
Mushroom, 84, 184
Musk, 280
Mustard, 92, 123, 157, 162
Myosotis, 280, 393
Nægelia, 266
Narcissus, 344, 399, 405, 409
—Disease, 448
—Tazetta, 346
Nasturtium, 123, 308, 373, 383
—officinale, 54
Nemesia, 280, 378, 398
Nemophila, 373, 397
New Zealand Spinach, 131, 170, 181
Nicotiana, 281, 369, 388, 393, 398
Nigella, 373, 397
Nitrogenous manures, 211
November work among Flowers, 410
—in the Vegetable Garden, 194
Oak, Australian, 271
October work among Flowers, 407
—in the Vegetable Garden, 192
Ocymum Basilicum, 66
—minimum, 66
Oenothera, 386
Onion, 92, 123, 158, 162, 169, 175, 184, 185, 189
—Fly, 420
—Grub, 99
—Mildew, 442
—Pickling, 99, 175
—Potato, 99
—Salading, 184
—Underground, 99, 197
Orache, 132
Orange Daisy, 263
Origanum Majorana, 67
—Onites, 67
Ornithogalum, 347, 409