d’Italia_. Vols. i. and ii. Florence, 1912-1913.
Casini, T., _Letteratura italiana: storia ed esempi_. Vols. i. and ii.
Rome, 1909.
Dino Compagni, _La Cronica_ con introduzione e commento di G. Luzzatto.
Milan, 1906. (English translation of the _Chronicle_ by E. Benecke and
A. G. F. Howell in the “Temple Classics,” London.)
D’Ancona, A., and Bacci, O., _Manuale della letteratura italiana_, vol.
i. Florence.
Gaspary, A., _History of Early Italian Literature to the Death of
Dante_, translated by H. Oelsner. London, 1901.
Del Lungo, I., _Dino Compagni e la sua Cronica_ (Florence, 1879-1887);
_I Bianchi e i Neri_ (second edition. Milan, 1921).
Piccioni, L., _Da Prudenzio a Dante_. Turin, 1916.
Rossi, V., _Storia della Letteratura Italiana per uso dei Licei_. Voi.
i. (Il Medio Evo). Milan, sixth edition, 1914.
Salvemini, G., _Magnati e Popolani in Firenze dal 1280 al 1295_.
Florence, 1899.
Villani, Giovanni, _Croniche (Istorie) fiorentine_. (Best edition at
present, Florence, 1823.)
Villani, Giovanni, _Selections from the first Nine Books_, translated
by Rose Selfe and edited by P. H. Wicksteed. London. 1906.
Villari, P., _I primi due secoli della storia di Firenze_, new edition,
Florence, 1905. (English translation by Linda Villari from the first
edition.)
For the expedition of Henry of Luxemburg, the reader should study
Caggese, _Roberto d’Angiò e i suoi tempi_, vol. i. chap. ii. (Florence,
1922).
C. BIOGRAPHY, ETC.
_Codice Diplomatico Dantesco: i documenti della vita e della famiglia
di Dante_, ed. G. Biagi and G. L. Passerini. Florence (in course of
publication).
Barbadoro, B., _La condanna di Dante e le fazioni politiche del suo
tempo_. In _Studi danteschi_, ed. M. Barbi, vol. ii. Florence, 1920.
Boccaccio, _Il comento alla Divina Commedia e gli altri scritti intorno
a Dante_, a cura di D. Guerri. Three vols. Bari, 1918. Vol. i. contains
the _Vita di Dante_ and the _Compendio_.
Bruni, Leonardo, _Vita di Dante_ (in _Le vite di Dante, Petrarca e
Boccaccio scritte fino al secolo decimosesto_, ed. A. Solerti. Milan,
1904).
Foligno, C., _Dante_. Bergamo, 1921.
Howell, A. G. F., _Dante_ (in “The People’s Books,” London).
Del Lungo, I., _Dell’esilio di Dante_. Florence, 1881.
Ricci, C., _L’ultimo rifugio di Dante_. Second edition. Milan, 1921.
Scherillo, M., _Alcuni capitoli della biografia di Dante_. Turin, 1896.
Toynbee, P., _Dante Alighieri, his Life and Works_. Fourth edition.
London, 1910.
Wicksteed, P. H., _The Early Lives of Dante_ (translated). London, 1904.
Zingarelli, N., _Dante_ (Milan, 1903); _Vita di Dante in compendio_
(Milan, 1905).
D. THE MINOR WORKS
The _Convivio_ or _Convito_ was first printed at Florence in 1490.
Eighteen _canzoni_ (erroneously numbered as fourteen) were published
at the end of a Venetian edition of the _Commedia_ in November, 1491.
Fifteen genuine Dantesque _canzoni_, with others wrongly ascribed to
him, are contained in a collection printed at Milan and at Venice in
1518. The first partially complete edition of Dante’s lyrical poetry
is contained in the first four books of _Sonetti e canzoni di diversi
antichi autori toscani in dieci libri raccolte_, edited by Bernardo
di Giunta at Florence in 1527. The _Vita Nuova_ was first printed at
Florence in 1576; but its lyrics had been given in the first book
of the 1527 _Sonetti e canzoni_. The _De Vulgari Eloquentia_ was
published in Trissino’s Italian translation at Vicenza in 1529, and in
the original Latin at Paris in 1577; the _Monarchia_ in 1559 at Basle.
The latter work had been translated into Italian by Marsilio Ficino
in the latter half of the fifteenth century. The Letter to Henry VII.
was first published in an old Italian version in 1547; in its original
Latin by Witte in 1827.
The Epistle to Can Grande was first published in 1700, the Eclogues in
1719. The Letters as a whole were edited by Witte in 1827 and by Torri
in 1842.
Special editions and studies. (_a_) VITA NUOVA. Critical edition by
M. Barbi (Florence, 1907); with notes and commentary by M. Scherillo
(Milan, 1911, reprinted with the _Canzoniere_); G. Salvadori, _Sulla
vita giovanile di Dante_ (Rome, 1906); _Vita Nuova_ and _Canzoniere_,
text, translation, and notes by P. H. Wicksteed and T. Okey (“Temple
Classics”). For the “dolce stil nuovo,” V. Rossi, in _Lectura Dantis,
Le Opere Minori_ (Florence, 1906), and Parodi, _Poesia e storia
nella D.C._ A new edition of the _Vita Nuova_ is published by K.
McKenzie (London, 1923). (_b_) RIME OR CANZONIERE. M. Barbi, _Studi
sul Canzoniere di Dante_ (Florence, 1915); G. Zonta, _La lirica di
Dante_ (in _Miscellanea dantesca_, supplement 18-21 of _Giornale
storico della letteratura italiana_, Turin, 1922); E. G. Gardner,
_The Lyrical Poetry of Dante_ (in preparation). For the tenzone with
Forese F. Torraca, _Nuovi studi danteschi_ (Naples, 1921), and A. F.
Massèra, _Sonetti burleschi e realistici dei primi due secoli_ (Bari,
1920); for the tenzone with Dante da Maiano, S. Santangelo, _Dante
Alighieri e Dante da Maiano_ (in _Bullettino della Società Dantesca
Italiana_, N. S., XXVII., 1920); for the canzone of the _Tre donne_,
Torraca, _op. cit._, and Carducci, _Opere_ xvi (“Poesia e Storia”).
The majority of the _Rime_ are translated by Wicksteed in the “Temple
Classics” volume cited above. (_c_) CONVIVIO. Translation by W. W.
Jackson (Oxford, 1909); translation and commentary by Wicksteed
in the “Temple Classics”; Wicksteed, _From Vita Nuova to Paradiso_
(Manchester University Press, 1922). (_d_) DE VULGARI ELOQUENTIA.
Critical edition by P. Rajna (Florence, 1896); facsimile reproduction
of Berlin MS., L. Bertalot, _Il Codice B del “De Vulgari Eloquentia”_
(Florence, 1923); studies by F. D’Ovidio, _Versificazione italiana e
arte poetica medioevale_ (Milan, 1910); translation and commentary
by A. G. F. Howell in “Temple Classics Latin Works of Dante”; C.
Foligno, _Dante, the Poet_ (Brit. Acad. Annual Italian Lecture, 1921).
(_e_) MONARCHIA. C. Cipolla, _Il trattato “De Monarchia” di D. A.
e l’opuscolo “De potestate regia et papali” di Giovanni da Parigi_
(reprinted in _Gli studi danteschi di Carlo Cipolla_, Verona, 1921);
F. Ercole, _L’unità politica della nazione italiana e l’Impero nel
pensiero di Dante_ (in _Archivio storico italiano_, LXXV., Florence,
1917), and _Per la genesi del pensiero politico di Dante_ (in _Giornale
storico della letteratura italiana_, LXXII., _Turin_, 1918); E. G.
Parodi, _Del concetto dell’Impero in Dante e del suo averroismo_ (in
_Bull. d. Soc. Dantesca Italiana_, N.S., XXVI., Florence, 1919); A.
Solmi, _Il pensiero politico di Dante_ (Florence, 1922); C. Foligno,
_The Date of the Monarchia_ (in Dante, _Essays in Commemoration_,
University of London Press, 1921); translation and commentary by P. H.
Wicksteed in “Temple Classics Latin Works of Dante.” (_f_) EPISTOLAE.
P. Toynbee, _Dantis Alagherii Epistolae_ (The Letters of Dante, emended
text, with introduction, translation, notes, etc., Oxford, 1920);
F. Torraca, _Le lettere di Dante_ (in _Nuovi studi danteschi_); E.
Moore, _The Genuineness of the Dedicatory Epistle to Can Grande_ (in
_Studies in Dante_, Series III.). (_g_) ECLOGAE. P. H. Wicksteed,
_Dante and Giovanni del Virgilio_ (London, 1902); G. Albini, _Dantis
Eclogae_, etc. (Florence, 1903). (_h_) QUAESTO DE AQUA ET TERRA. Edited
and translated by C. L. Shadwell (Oxford, 1909); ed. V. Biagi, with
critical dissertation (Modena, 1907); E. Moore, _Studies in Dante_,
Series II. (Oxford, 1899); Wicksteed, translation and commentary in
“Temple Classics Latin Works of Dante.”
E. THE “DIVINA COMMEDIA”
_Editions with Notes and Commentaries_
[The first three editions of the _Divina Commedia_ were printed in
1472, at Foligno, Mantua, and Jesi. They were reprinted, together
with the Neapolitan edition of 1477, by Lord Vernon and Panizzi: _Le
Prime Quattro Edizioni della Divina Commedia letteralmente ristampate_
(London, 1858). The first Venetian edition is dated 1477, the first
Florentine 1481. There were about fifteen editions of the _Divina
Commedia_ published before the end of the fifteenth century. The first
Aldine was printed in 1502. The two earliest dated manuscripts, the
Landiano (1336) and the Trivulziano (1337), have been published in
facsimile: _Il Codice Trivulziano 1080 della D.C._, with introduction
by L. Rocca (Milan, 1921); _Il Codice Landiano_ with preface by A.
Balsamo and introduction by G. Bertoni (Florence, 1921).]
_La Divina Commedia nuovamente commentata da_ F. Torraca. Milan and
Rome, third edition 1915.
_La Divina Commedia commentata da_ G. A. Scartazzini. Seventh edition
revised by G. Vandelli, Milan, 1914.
_La Divina Commedia con il commento di Tommaso Casini._ Sixth edition
renovated and augmented by S. A. Barbi. Florence, 1923.
_Inferno_, _Purgatorio_, and _Paradiso_, Italian text with English
prose translation on opposite pages, maps and notes, three vols.,
“Temple Classics” (London). _Inferno_, Carlyle’s translation with
notes by H. Oelsner; _Purgatorio_, translation and notes by T. Okey;
_Paradiso_, translation and notes by P. H. Wicksteed.
Vernon, W. W., _Readings on the Inferno_, _Purgatorio_, and _Paradiso_,
chiefly based upon the Commentary of Benvenuto da Imola. Six vols. (two
on each part). London, new edition, 1906-1909.
_La Divina Commedia_, edited and annotated by C. H. Grandgent. London,
1914.
_La Divina Commedia nella figurazione artistica e nel secolare
commento_, a cura di Guido Biagi. Turin, 1921, et seq.
F. SUBSIDIARY TO THE “COMMEDIA” AND GENERAL.
Benvenuto da Imola, _Comentum super Dantis Aldigherii Comoediam_, ed.
W. W. Vernon and J. P. Lacaita. Five vols. Florence, 1887.
Croce, B., _La poesia di Dante_. Bari, 1921. (English translation by
Douglas Ainslie, London, 1922.)
D’Ancona, A., _Scritti danteschi_. Florence, 1913.
D’Ovidio, F., _Studi sulla Divina Commedia_ (Milan, 1901); _Nuovi studi
danteschi_ (two vols., Milan, 1906-7).
Farinelli, A., _Dante in Spagna--Francia--Inghilterra--Germania_.
Turin, 1922.
Gardner, E. G., _Dante and the Mystics_. London, 1913.
Hauvette, H., _Études sur la Divine Comédie_. Paris, 1922.
Holbrook, R. T., _Portraits of Dante from Giotto to Raffael_. London,
1911.
Livi, G., _Dante suoi primi cultori sua gente in Bologna_ (Bologna,
1918); _Dante e Bologna_ (Bologna, 1921).
Moore, E., _Textual Criticism of the Divina Commedia_ (Cambridge,
1889); _Studies in Dante_, four series (Oxford, 1896-1917);
_Time-References in the Divina Commedia_ (Oxford, 1887).
Parodi, E. G., _Poesia e storia nella Divina Commedia_ (Naples, 1921);
_Il Fiore e il Detto d’Amore_ (edited in appendix to the _Opere di
Dante_, Florence, 1922).
Reade, W. H. V., _The Moral System of Dante’s Inferno_. Oxford, 1909.
Ricci, C., _La Divina Commedia illustrata nei luoghi e nelle persone_
(Edizione del secentenario della morte di Dante). Milan, 1921.
Rocca, L., _Di alcuni commenti della D.C. composti nei primi vent’ anni
dopo la morte di Dante_. Florence, 1891.
Santangelo, S., _Dante e i trovatori provenzali_. Catania, 1922.
Torraca, F., _Studi danteschi_ (Naples, 1912); _Nuovi studi danteschi_
(Naples, 1921).
Toynbee, P., _Dante Studies and Researches_ (London, 1902); _Dante in
English Literature from Chaucer to Cary_ (two vols., London, 1909);
_Dante Studies_ (London, 1921).
Wicksteed, P. H., _Dante and Aquinas_ (London, 1913); _From Vita
Nuova to Paradiso_, two essays on the vital relations between Dante’s
successive works (Manchester University Press, 1922).
Witte, K., _Essays on Dante_: selected, translated and edited, with
introduction, notes, and appendices, by C. M. Lawrence and P. H.
Wicksteed. London, 1898.
Besides Boccaccio and Benvenuto da Imola, the modern editions of the
other early commentators, Graziolo de’ Bambaglioli (Udine, 1892),
Jacopo della Lana (Bologna, 1866, etc.), the Ottimo (Pisa, 1827-29),
Pietro Alighieri (Florence, 1845), Francesco da Buti (Pisa, 1858-62),
are worth consulting. Extracts, with notably better texts, are given by
Biagi in _La D.C. nella figurazione artistica e nel secolare commento_.
For the question of the Letter of Frate Ilario, see P. Rajna, _Testo
della lettera di frate Ilario e osservazioni sul suo valore storico_,
in _Dante e la Lunigiana_ (Milan, 1909). On the date of composition
of the _Divina Commedia_, _cf._ Parodi, _Poesia e storia nella
D.C._; Ercole, _Le tre fasi del pensiero politico di Dante_, in the
_Miscellanea dantesca_ of the _Gior. stor. della lett. ital._, and
D’Ovidio in the _Nuova Antologia_, March, 1923. In addition to the
works already cited, published for the sexcentenary of 1921, may be
particularly mentioned the sumptuous volume _Dante e Siena_ (Siena,
1921), and _Dante, la Vita, le Opere, le grandi città dantesche, Dante
e l’Europa_ (Milan, 1921).
The _Giornale Dantesco_, the _Bullettino della Società Dantesca
Italiana_, and _Studi danteschi diretti da_ Michele Barbi (Florence)
are invaluable periodical publications.
Of the numerous English translations of the _Divina Commedia_, besides
those of Cary and Longfellow, may be mentioned that of C. E. Norton in
prose; Haselfoot and M. B. Anderson in _terza rima_; G. Musgrave of
the _Inferno_ in Spenserian stanzas, and H. J. Hooper in amphiambics;
C. L. Shadwell of the _Purgatorio_ and _Paradiso_ in the metre used by
Andrew Marvell in his Horatian “Ode to Cromwell.” The _terza rima_ is
a measure not easily adapted to English speech. First introduced into
English by Chaucer, with the modifications which the difference of our
prosody from the Italian requires, in two fragments of _A Compleint to
his Lady_ (Minor Poems vi. in Skeat’s _Student’s Chaucer_), it was used
by Wyatt and Surrey, by Sir Philip Sidney and other Elizabethans, and
even once by Milton (in his paraphrase of Psalm ii.). Among the few
notable English poems in _terza rima_ written during the nineteenth
century, Shelley’s unfinished _Triumph of Life_ stands supreme, and in
it we may in very truth:
Behold a wonder worthy of the rhyme
Of him who from the lowest depths of hell,
Through every paradise and through all glory,
Love led serene, and who returned to tell
The words of hate and awe; the wondrous story
How all things are transfigured except Love.
APPENDIX
I. DIAGRAM OF THE UNIVERSE
II. CLOCK OF THE DIVINE COMEDY
III. TABLE OF HELL
IV. TABLE OF PURGATORY
V. TABLE OF PARADISE
VI. THE MYSTIC ROSE OF PARADISE
VII. PRINCIPAL SOVEREIGNS CONTEMPORARY WITH DANTE
I. DIAGRAM OF THE UNIVERSE IN THE DIVINE COMEDY
[Illustration:
A = Jerusalem, crowned by Calvary; B = Italy, and, presumably, the
Dark Wood; C = Centre of Earth; D = Spain, the Western limit of the
inhabited world; E = The Ganges, the Eastern limit; F = Hell; G =
Purgatory, crowned by Eden, H.]
II. CLOCK MARKING SIMULTANEOUS HOURS AT DIFFERENT REGIONS OF THE EARTH
[After Dr. E. Moore’s _Time-References in the Divina Commedia_.]
[Illustration:
To indicate changes of hour, the reader may imagine the rim of the
clock to revolve _counterclockwise_, while the five hands remain
stationary, or the hands to revolve _clockwise_, while the rim remains
stationary.
Thus, for example, _Purg._ xxvii. 1-5, the sun was rising at
Jerusalem, ‘there where his Maker shed His blood,’ when it was
midnight in Spain (on the Ebro) and noon in India, ‘the waves in
Ganges burnt by noon’; and therefore sunset in Purgatory: ‘wherefore
the day was departing, when the Angel of God joyfully appeared to us.’]
III. HELL
CANTOS
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
|Dark Wood. |Leopard, Lion, and Wolf. Guidance of Virgil. | |i.-ii. |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
|Gate of | | | |
| Hell. | | |iii. |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
|Ante-Hell. |Pusillanimous and neutrals, souls and Angels. St. | |iii. |
| |Celestine v. (Some place Slothful, _Accidiosi_, here.) | | |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
|Acheron. |Charon’s boat. | |iii. |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
|Brink of the| | | |
| Abyss. | | |iv. |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
| |Unbaptized Children and Virtuous Heathen. The Noble | Outside ethical | |
| |Castle. Homer, Virgil, Horace, Ovid, Lucan. Electra, | scheme of Hell, | |
| |Hector, Aeneas, Caesar; Camilla, Penthesilea, Latinus, | because unknown | |
|Circle I. |Lavinia; the elder Brutus, Lucretia, Julia, Martia, | to Aristotle as sin.| |
| (Limbo.) |Cornelia, The Saladin. Aristotle; Socrates, Plato; | Some regard this |iv. |
| |Democritus, Diogenes, Anaxagoras, Thales, Empedocles, | circle, with | |
| |Heraclitus, Zeno, Dioscorides; Orpheus, Cicero, Linus, | Ante-Hell, as | |
| |Seneca; Euclid and Ptolemy; Hippocrates, Avicenna, | representing | |
| |Galen; Averroës. | _Negative | |
| | | Incontinence_. | |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
| |Minos. The Lustful: Semiramis, Dido, Cleopatra, Helen, |} | |
|Circle II. |Achilles, Paris, Tristram; Paolo Malatesta and Francesca |} |v. |
| |da Polenta. |} | |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+} +------------+
|Circle III. |Cerberus. The Gluttonous: Ciacco of Florence. |} _Incontinence._ |vi. |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+} +------------+
|Circle IV. |Plutus. Avaricious and Prodigal (none recognisable). |} |vii. |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+} +------------+
|Circle V. |The Slothful? Angry and Sullen. Phlegyas and his boat. |} |vii.-viii. |
| (Styx.) |Filippo Argenti. |} | |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
|Walls of | | | |
|City of Dis.|Fiends and Furies. The Messenger of Heaven. | |viii.-ix. |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
|Circle VI. |Heretics. Epicurus and his followers. Farinata |Outside ethical | |
| |degli Uberti, Cavalcante de’ Cavalcanti; |scheme. Intermediate | |
| |Frederick ii, Cardinal Ottaviano degli Ubaldini; |between _Incontinence|ix.-xi. |
| |Pope Anastasius. |and Violence_. | |
| | | Some regard this | |
| | |Circle as included in| |
| | |_Bestiality_, or as | |
| | |_Negative Violence_. | |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
|Precipice. |The Minotaur. | |xii. |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
| |(1) In the river Phlegethon, the violent against others, |} | |
| |tyrants and murderers; Alexander the Great, Dionysius |} | |
| |of Sicily; Ezzelino, Obizzo da Esti; Guy de |} |xii. |
| |Montfort; Attila, Pyrrhus, Sextus Pompeius; |} | |
| |Rinier da Corneto, Rinier Pazzo. Chiron, Nessus, |} | |
| |Pholus and other centaurs. |} | |
| +---------------------------------------------------------+} +------------+
|Circle VII. |(2) In the wood of harpies and hell-hounds, the violent |} | |
| |against themselves, suicides and squanderers; Pier |} |xiii. |
| |della Vigna; Lano of Siena, Giacomo da Santo |} | |
| |Andrea; a Florentine suicide. |}_Violence_ or +------------+
| +---------------------------------------------------------+} _Bestiality_. | |
| |(3) On the burning sand:-- |} | |
| | |} | |
| |(_a_) The violent against God; Capaneus. |} | |
| | |} | |
| |(_b_) The violent against Nature; Brunetto Latini; |} | |
| |Priscian, Francesco d’Accorso, Andrea de’ |} | |
| |Mozzi; Guido Guerra, Tegghiaio Aldobrandi, |} |xiv.-xvii. |
| |Jacopo Rusticucci, Guglielmo Borsiere. |} | |
| | |} | |
| |(_c_) The violent against Art (Usurers); unrecognisable |} | |
| |individuals of Gianfigliazzi and Ubbriachi, |} | |
| |and Rinaldo degli Scrovigni, expecting Vitaliano |} | |
| |del Dente and Giovanni Buiamonte. |} | |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
|Great Abyss.|Geryon. | |xvii. |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
| |(1) Panders and Seducers; Venedico Caccianemico, Jason. |} |xviii. |
| |Horned Devils. |} | |
| +---------------------------------------------------------+} +------------+
| |(2) Flatterers; Alessio Interminei, Thais. |} |xviii. |
| +---------------------------------------------------------+} +------------+
| |(3) Simoniacs; Nicholas iii, awaiting Boniface viii and |} |xix. |
| |Clement v. |} | |
| +---------------------------------------------------------+} +------------+
| |(4) Soothsayers and Sorcerers; Amphiaraus, Tiresias, |} | |
| |Aruns, Manto, Eurypylus, Michael Scot, Guido |} |xx. |
| |Bonatti, Asdente of Parma. |} | |
|Circle VIII.+---------------------------------------------------------+}_Fraud_, _Malice_. +------------+
|(Malebolge.)|(5) Barrators; the Elder of Lucca, Ciampolo, Frate |} |xxi.-xxiii. |
| |Gomita, Michel Zanche. Malacoda and the Malebranche. |} | |
| +---------------------------------------------------------+} +------------+
| |(6) Hypocrites; two Frati Godenti of Bologna (Catalano |} |xxiii. |
| |and Loderingo); Caiaphas and Annas. |} | |
| +---------------------------------------------------------+} +------------+
| |(7) Thieves; Vanni Fucci; Cacus; Cianfa Donati, |} | |
| |Francesco de’ Cavalcanti, Agnello Brunelleschi, |} |xxiv.-xxv. |
| |Buoso (Donati or degli Abati), Puccio de’ Galigai. |} | |
| +---------------------------------------------------------+} +------------+
| |(8) Evil Counsellors; Ulysses and Diomed; Guido da |} |xxvi.-xxvii.|
| |Montefeltro. |} | |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
| |(9) Sowers of Scandal and Schism; Mahomet, Ali, Pier |} | xxviii. |
| |da Medicina, Curio, Mosca de’ Lamberti, Bertran |} | -xxix. |
|Circle VIII.|de Born; Geri del Bello. |} | |
| --_contd._ +---------------------------------------------------------+}_Fraud_, _Malice_. +------------+
|(Malebolge.)|(10) Falsifiers; Griffolino, Capocchio; Gianni Schicchi, |} | |
| |Myrrha; Adam of Brescia, one of the Counts of |} |xxix-xxx. |
| |Romena; Potiphar’s wife; Sinon. |} | |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
| Well of | | | |
| Giants. |Nimrod, Ephialtes, Briareus, Antaeus, Tityus, Typhon. | |xxxi. |
+------------+--------------+------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
| |(1) In Caina; traitors to their kindred; Alessandro and |} | |
| |Napoleone degli Alberti, Mordred, Focaccia, Sassolo |} | |
| |Mascheroni, Camicione dei Pazzi. |} | |
| +---------------------------------------------------------+} | |
| |(2) In Antenora; traitors to country or party; Bocca |} | |
| |degli Abati, Buoso da Duera, Tesauro Beccheria, |} | |
|Circle IX. |Gianni de’ Soldanieri, Tebaldello, Ganelon, Count |} _Treachery_, | xxxii. |
|(Cocytus.) |Ugolino and Archbishop Ruggieri. |} _Malice_. | -xxxiv. |
| +---------------------------------------------------------+} | |
| |(3) In Tolomea; traitors to their guests; Alberigo de’ |} | |
| |Manfredi, Branca d’Oria. |} | |
| +---------------------------------------------------------+} | |
| |(4) In Giudecca; traitors to their benefactors and their |} | |
| |lords; Judas, Brutus, Cassius. |} | |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
|Centre of | | | |
| the Earth. |Lucifer. | |xxxiv. |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------+------------+
IV. PURGATORY
CANTOS
+------------------+---------------------------------+----------------+----------+
|Shore of Island. |Cato. Angel of Faith. Casella. | |i.-ii. |
+------------------+---------------------------------+ |----------+
|Foot of Mountain. |Contumacious, but repentant; |} |iii. |
| |Manfred. |} | |
+------------------+---------------------------------+} |----------+
|Gap where Ascent | |} |iv. |
|begins. | |} | |
+------------------+---------------------------------+} |----------+
| |Penitence deferred through |} |iv. |
| |Indolence; Belacqua. |} | |
| +---------------------------------+} |----------+
| |Violently slain unabsolved; |} | |
| |Jacopo del Cassero, Buonconte, |} | |
| |Pia, Guccio de’ Tarlati, |} | |
| |Benincasa, Federigo |}Negligence |v.-vi. |
| |Novello, Gano degli Scornigiani, |}through | |
| |Orso degli Alberti, |}lack of | |
| |Pierre de la Brosse. |}Love. | |
| +---------------------------------+} |----------+
|Ante-Purgatory. |Sordello. In Valley of Princes: |} | |
| |Rudolph of Hapsburg, |} | |
| |Ottocar of Bohemia; Philip |} | |
| |III of France, Henry I of |} | |
| |Navarre; Peter III of Aragon, |} | |
| |Charles I of Anjou; |} |vi.-viii. |
| |Alfonso III of Aragon; |} | |
| |Henry III of England; William |} | |
| |of Montferrat; Nino |} | |
| |Visconti, Currado Malaspina. |} | |
| |Serpent, and two |} | |
| |Angels of Hope. |} | |
+------------------+---------------------------------+----------------+----------+
|Gate of St. Peter.|(Dream of Eagle; St. Lucy). | |ix. |
| |Angel Confessor of Obedience. | | |
+------------------+---------------------------------+----------------+----------+
| |Purgation of Pride. Omberto |} | |
|First Terrace. |Aldobrandesco, Oderisi of |} |x.-xii. |
| |Gubbio, Provenzano Salvani. |} | |
| |[Alighiero I.] |} | |
+------------------+---------------------------------+} |----------+
|Steps. |Angel of Humility. |}Sins of the |xii. |
+------------------+---------------------------------+}Spirit, or |----------+
| |Purgation of Envy. Sapia of |}Love distorted.| |
|Second Terrace. |Siena, Guido del Duca, |} |xiii.-xiv.|
| |Rinier da Calboli. |} | |
+------------------+---------------------------------+} |----------+
|Steps. |Angel of Fraternal Love. |} |xv. |
+------------------+---------------------------------+} |----------+
|Third Terrace. |Purgation of Anger. Marco |} |xv.-xvii. |
| |Lombardo. |} | |
+------------------+---------------------------------+----------------+----------+
|Steps. |Angel of Peace or Meekness. | |xvii. |
+------------------+---------------------------------+----------------+----------+
| |(Virgil’s discourse of Love.) |} | |
|Fourth Terrace. |Purgation of Sloth. Abbot |}Love |xvii.-xix.|
| |of San Zeno. (Dream of |}defective. | |
| |Siren.) |} | |
+------------------+---------------------------------+----------------+----------+
|Steps. |Angel of Zeal (Spiritual Joy). | |xix. |
+------------------+---------------------------------+----------------+----------+
| |Purgation of Avarice and |} | |
|Fifth Terrace. |Prodigality. Adrian V; Hugh |} |xix.-xxii.|
| |Capet; Statius (who joins |} | |
| |Virgil and Dante). |} | |
+------------------+---------------------------------+} |----------+
|Steps. |Angel of Justice (cupidity |} |xxii. |
| |being its chief opponent). |} | |
+------------------+---------------------------------+} |----------+
| |Purgation of Gluttony. Forese |} | |
| |Donati; Bonagiunta of |}Sins of the | xxii.- |
|Sixth Terrace. |Lucca; Martin IV; Ubaldo |}Flesh, or | xxiv. |
| |della Pila; Archbishop |}Love excessive.| |
| |Boniface of Ravenna; |} | |
| |Messer Marchese of Forlì. |} | |
+------------------+---------------------------------+} |----------+
|Steps. |Angel of Abstinence. (Statius |} |xxiv.-xxv.|
| |on Generation.) |} | |
+------------------+---------------------------------+} |----------+
|Seventh Terrace. |Purgation of Lust. Guido |} |xxv.-xxvi.|
| |Guinizelli, Arnaut Daniel. |} | |
+------------------+---------------------------------+----------------+----------+
|Purging Fire. |Angel of Purity. | |xxvii. |
+------------------+---------------------------------+----------------+----------+
|Last Steps. |Cherubim with flaming | |xxvii. |
| |sword? (Dream of Leah.) | | |
+------------------+---------------------------------+----------------+----------+
| |Matelda. |} | |
| | |}Eden State | |
| |Triumph of the Church. BEATRICE. |}of Innocence |xxviii.- |
|EARTHLY PARADISE. | |}Regained. | xxxiii. |
| |Mystical Tree of the Empire. |} | |
| | |} | |
| |Lethe and Eunoë. |} | |
+------------------+---------------------------------+----------------+----------+
V. PARADISE
_The Spheres._ _Angelic Orders._ _Sciences._ _Virtues._ CANTOS
+------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
| |The Order of the Universe and the Eternal| | | | i. |
| | Law. | | | | |
+------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
| |(Physical phenomena the work of Celestial| Angels | | | |
|First Heaven, | Intelligences.) Inconstant in vows; |(guardians of individuals|Grammar. |Deficient | ii.-v. |
| of the Moon. | Piccarda Donati and Empress Constance. | and bearers of tidings | |Fortitude. | |
| | (Freedom of the Will.) | of God’s bounty). | | | |
+------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
| |Ambitious spirits of the Active Life; | Archangels | | | |
|Second Heaven, | Justinian and Romeo. |(announce messages of |Logic. | Imperfect | v.-vii. |
| of Mercury. | (The Roman Empire and the Mystery of | great import and | | Justice. | |
| | Redemption.) | protect nations). | | | |
+------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
| |Purified Lovers; Carlo Martello, Cunizza,| Principalities | |Defective | viii.-ix. |
|Third Heaven, | Folco, Rahab. |(regulate earthly |Rhetoric. |Temperance.| |
| of Venus. | (Constitution of Society and bad | principalities and draw| | | |
| | government.) | princes to rule with | | | |
| | | love). | | | |
+------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
| Termination of | | | | | ix. |
| Earth’s Shadow. | | | | | |
+------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
| |Doctors and Teachers. Aquinas, Albertus, | | | | |
| | Gratian, Peter Lombard, Solomon, | | | | |
| | Dionysius, Orosius, Boëthius, Isidore, | Powers | | | |
| | Bede, Richard, Siger. Bonaventura, |(represent Divine Power | | | |
|Fourth Heaven, | Agostino and Illuminato, Hugh, Peter | and Majesty; combat |Arithmetic.| Prudence. | x.-xiv. |
| of the Sun. | Comestor, Peter of Spain, Nathan, | powers of darkness; | | | |
| | Chrysostom, Anselm, Aelius Donatus, | stay diseases). | | | |
| | Rabanus, Joachim. | | | | |
| | (Work of SS. Francis and Dominic; | | | | |
| | wisdom of Solomon; glory of risen body.)| | | | |
+------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
| |Warriors forming Crucifix. Cacciaguida; | Virtues | | | |
|Fifth Heaven, | Joshua, Judas Maccabaeus, Charlemagne, |(imitate Divine Strength | | | |
| of Mars. | Orlando, William of Orange, Renoardo, | and Fortitude; work |Music. | Fortitude.| xiv.-xviii. |
| | Godfrey de Bouillon, Guiscard. | signs; inspire | | | |
| | (Florence; Dante’s exile and life-work.)| endurance). | | | |
+------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
| |Rulers form Imperial Eagle. David; | Dominations | | | |
|Sixth Heaven, | Trajan, Hezekiah, Constantine, William | (image of Divine |Geometry. | Justice. | xviii.-xx. |
| of Jupiter. | II. of Sicily, Rhipeus. | Dominion). | | | |
| | (Justice, divine and human.) | | | | |
+------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
| |Contemplative spirits; Peter Damian, | Thrones | | | |
|Seventh Heaven, | Benedict, Macarius, Romualdus. |(imitate Divine |Astrology. |Temperance.| xxi.-xxii. |
| of Saturn. | (Predestination; the ascetic life; God’s| Steadfastness; execute | | | |
| | vengeance on corruption.) | God’s judgments; | | | |
| | | purify). | | | |
+------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
|Celestial Ladder. | | | | | xxii. |
+------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
| |Triumph of Christ; Assumption of Mary; | Cherubim | | | |
|Eighth Heaven, | Peter, James, and John; Adam. |(image of Divine Wisdom; |Natural | Faith | |
| of the Fixed |(Theological Virtues; St. Peter’s rebuke | spread knowledge |Philosophy.| Hope, and |xxiii.-xxvii.|
| Stars. | of corruption in Church.) | of God; illuminate). | | Charity. | |
+------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
|Ninth Heaven, |The Angelic Hierarchies. | Seraphim | | | |
| the Crystalline.| (Creation as illustrating the Divine |(image of Divine Love; |Moral | | xxvii.-xxix.|
| | Love.) | render perfect). |Philosophy.| | |
+------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
| |The Essential Paradise of Angels and | |Divine | | |
|Tenth Heaven, | Saints. (Throne of Henry VII.) Bernard.| | Science | | xxx.-xxxiii.|
| the Empyrean. | Blessed of the Mystic Rose. Gabriel. | | of | | |
| | Blessed Virgin Mary. | | Theology. | | |
+------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
| |Beatific Vision of the Divine Essence. | | | | xxxiii. |
+------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
VI. THE MYSTIC ROSE OF PARADISE
[Illustration]
VII. PRINCIPAL SOVEREIGNS CONTEMPORARY WITH DANTE
(1265-1321)
POPES
CLEMENT IV, 1265-1268.
[_Purg._ iii. 125.]
B. GREGORY X, 1271-1276.
B. INNOCENT V, 1276.
ADRIAN V, 1276.
[_Purg._ xix. 88-145.]
JOHN XXI, 1276-1277.
[_Par._ xii. 134.]
NICHOLAS III, 1277-1280.
[_Inf._ xix. 31 _et seq._]
MARTIN IV, 1281-1285.
[_Purg._ xxiv. 20-24.]
HONORIUS IV, 1285-1287.
NICHOLAS IV, 1288-1292.
ST. CELESTINE V, 1294.
[_Inf._ iii. 59-60; _Inf._ xxvii. 105.]
BONIFACE VIII, 1294-1303.
[_Inf._ xix. 52-57, 76-78; xxvii. 70-111; _Purg._ viii. 131; xx.
85-90; xxxii. 153-156; _Par._ ix. 126; xii. 90; xvii. 50; xxvii. 22;
xxx. 148.]
B. BENEDICT XI, 1303-1304.
[_Epist._ i. 1. Nowhere else mentioned in Dante’s works, though some
identify him, rather than Boniface, with the ‘defunct high-priest’ of
_Epist._ viii. 10.]
CLEMENT V, 1305-1314.
[_Inf._ xix. 82-87; _Purg._ xxxii. 157-160; _Par._ xvii. 82; xxvii.
58; xxx. 142-148; _Epist._ v. 10; vii. 7; viii. 4.]
JOHN XXII, 1316-1334.
[_Par._ xviii. 130-136; xxvii. 58.]
EMPERORS
RUDOLPH OF HAPSBURG, 1273-1291.
[_Purg._ vi. 103; vii. 94-96; _Par._ viii. 72; _Conv._ iv. 3.]
ADOLPH OF NASSAU, 1292-1298.
[_Conv._ iv. 3.]
ALBERT OF HAPSBURG, 1298-1308.
[_Purg._ vi. 97 _et seq._; _Par._ xix. 115; _Conv._ iv. 3.]
HENRY OF LUXEMBURG, HENRY VII, 1308-1313.
[_Purg._ vii. 96; _Par._ xvii. 82; xxx. 133-138; _Epist._ v., vi.,
vii., vii.*, vii.**, vii.***]
LOUIS OF BAVARIA, 1314-1347.
KINGS OF FRANCE
ST. LOUIS IX, 1226-1270.
[Not mentioned by Dante; unless, perhaps, indirectly in _Purg._ vii.
127-129, and xx. 50.]
PHILIP III, 1270-1285.
[_Purg._ vii. 103-105.]
PHILIP IV, 1285-1314.
[_Inf._ xix. 87; _Purg._ vii. 109-111; xx. 91-93; xxxii. 152; _Par._
xix. 120; _Epist._ viii. 4.]
LOUIS X, 1314-1316.
PHILIP V, 1316-1322.
KINGS OF ENGLAND
HENRY III, 1216-1272.
[_Purg._ vii. 131.]
EDWARD I, 1272-1307.
[_Purg._ vii. 132; _Par._ xix. 122.]
EDWARD II, 1307-1327.
KINGS OF NAPLES AND SICILY
MANFRED OF SUABIA, 1258-1266.
[_Purg._ iii. 103-145; _V. E._ i. 12.]
CHARLES I OF ANJOU, 1266-1282.
[_Inf._ xix. 99; _Purg._ vii. 113, 124; xi. 137; xx. 67-69.]
(After the Vespers of Palermo, Sicily under House of Aragon separated
from Angevin Naples.)
KINGS OF NAPLES[A]
CHARLES I OF ANJOU, 1282-1285.
CHARLES II OF ANJOU, 1285-1309.
[_Purg._ v. 69. vii. 126; xx. 79; _Par._ vi. 106; viii. 72; xix.
127-129; xx. 63; _Conv._ iv. 6; V. E. i. 12.]
ROBERT OF ANJOU, 1309-1343.
[_Par._ viii. 76-84, 147; _Epist._ vii. 7; perhaps the ‘Golias’ of
_Epist._ vii. 8.]
KINGS OF SICILY[42]
PETER III OF ARAGON, 1282-1285.
JAMES II OF ARAGON, 1285-1296.
FREDERICK II OF ARAGON, 1296-1337.
[_Purg._ iii. 116; vii. 119; _Par._ xix. 130; xx. 63; _Conv._ iv. 6;
_V. E._ i. 12.]
KINGS OF ARAGON
JAMES I, 1213-1276.
PETER III, 1276-1285. (Also King of Sicily after 1282.)
[_Purg._ vii. 112-129.]
ALFONSO III, 1285-1291.
[_Purg._ vii. 116.]
JAMES II, 1291-1327. (King of Sicily from 1285 to 1296.)
[_Purg._ iii. 116; vii. 119; _Par._ xix. 137.]
FOOTNOTES:
[42] The Angevin sovereigns of Naples retained the title “King of
Sicily and Jerusalem,” the Aragonese ruler of Sicily being “King of
Trinacria.”
INDEX OF NAMES
(_See also Tables of Hell, Purgatory, Paradise, and Bibliographical
Appendix_)
Alighieri, Dante, on the “Sicilian” poetry, 4, 5;
birth and family, 6, 7;
boyhood, 9, 10;
biographers, 11;
first love, 12, 13;
youth and friends, 14, 15;
probable visit to Bologna and military service, 15, 18, 19;
loss of Beatrice, 20;
philosophic devotion, 20;
moral aberrations, 21;
friendship with Forese Donati, 22, and with Betto Brunelleschi, 22;
supposed loves, 22, 23;
marriage, children, and debts, 23, 24;
first steps in political life, 25-27;
embassy to San Gemignano, 27;
possible visit to Rome, 29;
Priorate, 31;
subsequent political acts, 32-34;
embassy to the Pope, 34-35;
accusations and sentences against him, 36-38;
his undoubted innocence, 38;
first period of exile, 39-40;
at Gargonza and San Godenzo, 40;
breaks with the Bianchi, 41;
goes to Verona, 43;
probably at Bologna, 43;
possibly at Padua, 44;
in Lunigiana and the Casentino, 44, 45;
writes to the Florentine people, 45, 46;
possibly at Paris, 46, 47;
in the advent of Henry of Luxemburg, 48, 49;
letters and fresh sentence, 50, 51;
probably at Pisa, 52;
does not accompany the Emperor against Florence, 53;
renewed wanderings, 53;
admonishes the Italian cardinals, 54;
at Lucca, 55;
rejection of amnesty, 55;
new condemnation to death, 56;
at Verona, 57;
at Ravenna, 58, 59;
probable visit to Mantua and Verona, 58;
last days at Ravenna, 59;
his embassy to Venice, 59;
his death, 60;
his works, 61-63;
publication and diffusion of the _Commedia_, 64;
his commentators, 64, 65;
influence of Guido Guinizelli, 67, 68;
the _Vita Nuova_, 10-14, 20, 61, 67-81, 82-86, 88, 96, 98, 99, 111,
120, 181, 201;
the _Rime_ or _Canzoniere_, 15, 21, 22, 35, 38, 45, 62, 82-93,
96-98, 104, 107, 108, 122, 127;
the _Convivio_, 10, 20, 38, 39, 45, 48, 61, 62, 70, 72, 80, 81, 82,
85-88, 94-101, 102, 108, 114, 117_n._, 146, 155, 166, 167, 184,
192, 194, 195, 214;
_De Vulgari Eloquentia_, 4, 5, 21, 36, 38, 44, 62, 63, 81, 87, 88,
90-92, 102-109, 128, 152, 181;
the _Monarchia_, 62, 109-120, 142, 147, 167, 184, 189, 208, 210;
the _Letters_, 15, 19, 32, 46, 47-52, 53-55, 62, 110, 120-127, 147;
the Epistle to Can Grande, 58, 62, 127, 129, 136, 146, 167, 194;
the _Eclogues_, 59, 63, 128, 130-134, 144;
the _Quaestio de Aqua et Terra_, 58, 63, 134-135;
the _Divina Commedia_, its completion, 59, 60, 62-64;
publication and diffusion, 64, 65;
earliest commentators, 64;
language, 106;
ethical and mystical, 128, 129;
letter and allegory, 136-138;
title, 137;
metrical structure, 106, 138-139;
sources, 139-141;
symbolism of Virgil and Beatrice, 141-143;
date of composition, 143-145;
time, 145;
_Inferno_, 146-164;
_Purgatorio_, 164-192;
_Paradiso_, 192-221
Abati, Bocca degli, 161
---- Durante degli, 10, 24
Acquasparta, Cardinal Matteo da, 32-33, 36
Adam, 103, 191, 214, 219
Adam of Brescia, 160
Adimari (Florentine family), 23
Adolph of Nassau, 100
Adrian IV., Pope, 110
---- V., Pope, 178
Aeneas, 114, 147, 155, 169, 208
Agostino, 205
Aguglione, Baldo da, 51
Alberigo, Frate 144, 161
Albert of Austria, 30, 48, 100
Albertus Magnus, 1, 95, 141, 205
Aldobrandesco, Omberto, 173
Alexander the Great, 115
Alighieri, family, 6, 25
---- Alighiero di Bellincione (Dante’s father), 6, 9, 14
---- Antonia, 23_n._, 60_n._
---- Beatrice, 23_n._, 60_n._
---- Bella, 10
---- Brunetto di Bellincione, 7
---- Francesco, 10
---- Geri del Bello, 7
---- Giovanni, 23_n._
---- Gemma Donati, 23, 58, 60_n._, 127, 132
---- Jacopo di Dante, 23, 56, 58, 60_n._, 64
---- Lapa Cialuffi, 10
---- Pietro di Dante, 12, 23, 56, 58, 60_n._, 64, 127.
---- Tana, 10
Alighiero (son of Cacciaguida), 7
Altoviti, Palmieri, 32, 36, 37, 52
Anastasius, Pope, 155
Anchises, 169, 208
Anne, St., 219
Anselm, St., 206
Antaeus, 161
Aquinas, St. Thomas, 1, 5, 80, 141, 150, 151, 152, 155, 172, 192,
205, 206
Argenti, Filippo, 154
Ariosto, 140
Aristotle, 1, 14, 39, 80, 89, 95, 97, 100, 141, 150, 152, 176, 214,
215
Arnaut, Daniel, 90, 107, 182
Augustine, St., 117, 129, 141, 172, 200, 219, 220
Augustus, 109, 113, 115
Averroës, 99, 152
Beatrice, traditionally identified with Bice Portinari, 12, 13, 14;
her brother, 15, 78;
her death, 20;
Cino’s canzone on, 21;
Dante’s wanderings from her, 21;
in Dante’s work, 61, 62;
in the _Vita Nuova_, 69-79;
reference to her in the _Convivio_, 81, 84, 86, 89, 93, 98, 99, 111;
her symbolism in the _Divina Commedia_, 141, 142;
sends Virgil, 148;
her part in the Earthly Paradise, 187-191;
guides Dante through the spheres of Paradise, 194, 199-216;
her glory in the Empyrean, 218-220
Bambaglioli, Graziolo dei, 65, 119
Bacci, O., 60_n._
Barbadoro, B., 32_n._
Barbi, M., 11, 23_n._, 56_n._, 82, 83, 93_n._, 127
Bardi, Simone dei, 12
Bartoli, A., 11
Battifolle, Countess of, 125
Bede, St., 205
Becchi, Lippo, 36
Belacqua, 168
Bella, Giano della, 24, 25, 28
Benedict, St., 212, 219
---- IX., Pope, 43, 122
Benvenuto da Imola, 15, 44, 65, 156, 187
Bernard, St., 129, 185, 187, 197, 198, 203, 207, 209, 217-221
Bertran de Born, 107
Biagi, V., 135
Biondo, Flavio, 48, 63, 121
Biscaro, G., 133_n._
Blacatz, 169
Boccaccio, 11, 12, 14, 15, 23, 26, 35, 40, 44, 46, 47, 58, 60_n._,
63, 65, 69, 74, 83, 101, 102, 109, 112, 118, 121, 122, 127,
130, 132, 144, 151_n._
Boëthius, 20, 94, 141, 205, 217
Bonagiunta, 181
Bonaventura, St., 1, 141, 206, 213, 220
Boncompagno, 102_n._
Boniface VIII., Pope, 4, 24-26, 28, 29, 32-35, 36-38, 41-42, 46, 111,
159, 179, 217
Branca d’Oria, 144
Briareus, 160
Brunelleschi, Betto, 22
Brunetto di Bellincione. _See_ Alighieri
---- Latini, 14, 89, 97, 157
Bruni, Leonardo, 12, 14, 18, 31, 34, 40, 43, 46, 53, 63, 74, 120, 121
Brutus, 163
Buondelmonte, 6
Buoso da Duera, 161
Buti, Francesco da, 65
Cacciaguida, 6, 7, 29_n._, 40, 208, 209
Caccianemico, Venedico, 133_n._, 145
Caesar, 109
Cain, 160
Calboli, Fulcieri da, 41, 133_n._
Cammino, Gherardo da, 100
Cante de’ Gabrielli, 36
Capaneus, 157
Carducci, 132
Carlo Martello, 27, 204
Casella, 15, 21, 87, 167
Cassius, 163
Cato, 114, 167
Cavalcanti, Cavalcante, 155
---- Guido, 13, 15, 28, 31, 32, 58, 68, 73, 74, 76, 85, 104, 108, 155
Celestine V., St., Pope, 24, 168
Cerberus, 153
Cerchi, Vieri dei, 19, 27, 30, 40
Charlemagne, 110, 116, 209
Charles I. of Anjou, 3, 4, 8, 15, 16, 170, 178
---- II. of Naples, 18, 27, 32, 49, 178, 204
---- of Valois, 33-36, 178
Charon, 149, 154
Chaucer, 94
CHRIST, 115, 116, 147, 186, 213
Ciacco, 144
Cicero, 20, 150, 155
Cimabue, 6
Cincinnatus, 114
Cino da Pistoia, 15, 21, 53, 63, 85, 91, 93, 104, 107, 108, 123
Cipolla, C., 116_n._
Clement IV., Pope, 3
---- V., Pope, 46, 48, 52, 54, 116_n._, 126, 143, 145, 179, 217
Clemenza, 204
Colet, J. (on Dionysius), 215
Colonna, Sciarra, 41
Compagni, Dino, 25, 34, 35, 43
Conrad III., Emperor, 7
Conradin of Suabia, 9
Constance, Empress, 2, 201
Constance of Aragon, 16
Constantine, 109, 116, 210
Corazza da Signa, 34
Croce, B., 137
Curio, 124
Cyprus, King of, 210
Daniel, 120, 129
Dante. _See_ Alighieri
Dante da Maiano, 84
David, 120, 173, 210
Della Torre, A., 56_n._
Del Lungo, I, 20_n._, 35_n._, 45_n._
Diedati, Gherardino, 34, 36
---- Neri, 34
Dionysius, 141, 197, 205, 207, 211, 215, 216
Dominic, St., 205
Donati, Corso, 22, 25, 27, 28, 31, 33, 46, 145, 180, 201
---- Forese, 23, 85, 180, 201
---- Foresino, 127
---- Gemma, _See_ Alighieri
---- Manetto, 23, 24
---- Nella, 180
---- Niccolò, 127
---- Piccarda, 201
---- Teruccio, 127
---- Ubertino, 23
Donatus, Aelius, 206
D’Ovidio, F., 139_n._
Durante, author of the _Fiore_, 63
Elisei (family), 6
Ephialtes, 160
Eve, 219
Federzoni, G., 139_n._
“Fioretta,” 84
Folco, 204
Francesca da Rimini, 58, 153, 161
Francis, St., 92, 205
Frangipani, Cardinal Latino, 16
Frederick I., Emperor, 2, 49, 110
---- II., Emperor, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 48, 100, 104, 109, 155, 170, 201
---- of Aragon, 32
Gabriel, St., 203, 213, 219
Gambara, Gherardino da, 41
Gentucca, 55_n._
Geryon, 158
Gherardini, Andrea, 33, 38
Gianni, Lapo, 15, 31, 85, 104
Giants, the, 160
Giotto, 6, 44, 58
Giovanna (“Primavera”), 71, 76
Giovanni del Virgilio, 56, 59, 63, 130-133
Giraut de Borneil, 92, 107
Godfrey de Bouillon, 209
Gratian, 205
Gregory I. (the Great), 99, 197
---- VII. (Hildebrand), Pope, 2, 110
---- X., Pope, 15
Griffin, the mystical, 187, 188, 190
Guarnerio, P. E., 139_n._
Guidi, the Conti, 51, 125
Guido, Fra, of Pisa, 64, 127
---- Novello da Polenta, 58, 59, 64, 132
---- Novello (dei Conti Guidi), 8
---- del Duca, 174
Guinizelli, Guido, 5, 67, 68, 71, 76, 77, 85, 88, 104, 182
Guiscard, Robert, 209
Guittone d’Arezzo, 5
Hauteville, House of, 2, 16
Henry III., King of England, 170
---- VI., Emperor, 2
---- VII., Emperor, 47-53, 62, 100, 109, 112, 121, 123-125, 130,
143, 179, 217
Hezekiah, 210
Horace, 140
Hugh Capet, 42, 178
Hugh of St. Victor, 205
Ilario, Frate, 54
Illuminato, 205
Irnerius, 2
Isaiah, 92, 120, 127
Isidore, St., of Seville, 154, 205
Jacopone da Todi, 176
James, St., 214
Jeremiah, 20, 120, 127, 146, 215
Joachim of Flora, 206
John the Baptist, St., 219
---- Chrysostom, St., 206
---- of Damascus, St., 213
John the Evangelist, St., 186, 214, 219
---- XXI. (Peter of Spain), Pope, 206
---- XXII., Pope, 54, 118, 210
---- of Paris, 117_n._
Joshua, 209
Judas Iscariot, 163
---- Maccabaeus, 209
Judith, 219
Justinian, Emperor, 59, 109, 202, 203
Juvenal, 140
Kipling, Rudyard, 107_n._
Lacaita, J. P., 65
Lana, Jacopo della, 51
Leah, 183-186
Lippo de’ Bardi, 15
“Lisetta,” 93_n._
Livi, G., 80_n._, 92_n._, 144_n._
Livy, 141
Louis of Bavaria, 60, 118
---- St., of France, 3
Lucan, 140, 162, 163, 167, 169
Lucia (St. Lucy), 148, 171, 219
Lucifer, 149, 150, 160-164
Luzzatto, G., 35_n._
Malaspina (family), 44
---- Alagia de’ Fieschi, 178
---- Currado, 170
---- Franceschino, 45
----Moroello, 123, 151_n._, 178
Malavolti, Ubaldino, 35
Manfred, 3, 4, 8, 16, 104, 168
Marco the Lombard, 175
Margaret, Empress, 125
Martin IV., Pope, 181
Mary the Blessed Virgin, 20;
Beatrice under her banner, 77;
symbolises Divine Mercy, 148;
the Queen of Mercy, 170;
examples of her life, 173, 177, 186, 201, 203;
her Assumption in the Stellar Heaven, 213;
her glory in the Empyrean, 219;
her intercession for Dante, 220
Matelda, 74, 184-188, 192, 218
Matilda, Countess of Tuscany, 8, 185
Mazzini, 104, 114
Medusa, 154
Mechthild of Hackeborn, 185
---- of Magdeburg, 185
Merlin, 85
Meuccio, 15
Milotti, Fiducio dei, 132
Minerbetti, Maso, 35
Moncetti, G. B., 134
Monferrato, Marquis Giovanni of, 108
Montefeltro, Buonconte da, 20, 168
---- Guido da, 99, 159, 168
Moore, E., 20_n._, 134, 145, 163_n._
Moses, 219
Musaeus, 169
Musciatto Franzesi, 42
Mussato, Albertino, 132
Nathan, 206
Niccolò da Prato, Cardinal, 42, 122
---- Pisano, 6
Nicholas III., Pope, 15, 158
Nogaret, William of, 41
Oderisi, 174
Ordelaffi, Scarpetta degli, 41, 49
Orlandi, Orlanduccio, 37
Orlando, 209
Orosius, 141, 205
Orsini, Cardinal Napoleone, 46, 126
_Ottimo Commento_, the, 22, 35, 64, 185
Otto, Emperor, 109
Ottocar, 170
Ovid, 141
Palinurus, 169
Parodi, E. G., 63, 143, 191
Paul, St., 120, 129, 148, 180, 187
Pazzi, Carlino dei, 41, 145
Perini, Dino, 58, 131, 151_n._
Peter, St., Apostle, 187, 213, 215
---- of Aragon, 16, 18, 170
---- Comestor, 206
---- Damian, 212
---- of Spain. _See_ John XXI.
----the Lombard, 205
Petrarch, 47, 52, 125, 134
Philip the Fair, 32, 42, 178
Phlegyas, 154
“Pietra,” 22, 89
Plato, 94
Plotinus, 220
Poggetto, Bertrando del, 119
Poggi, Andrea, 11, 127, 151_n._
---- Leone, 10
Portinari, Bice. _See_ Beatrice
---- Folco, 12, 15
---- Manetto, 15, 57, 78
Pucci, Antonio, 134
Pythagoras, 85
Quirino, Giovanni, 144
Rabanus Maurus, 206
Rachel, 183, 185, 219
Rahab, 204
Rajna, P., 138_n._
Ranieri di Zaccaria, 56
Rebecca, 219
Renoardo, 209
Rhipeus, 152, 210, 211
Ricci, C., 133_n._
Riccomanni, Lapo, 10
Richard of St. Victor, 129, 141, 183, 205, 220
Robert the Wise, King of Naples, 49, 52, 56, 117_n._, 124, 130,
133_n._
Romano, Cunizza da, 204
---- Ezzelino da, 3, 204
Romena, Alessandro da, 122
---- Oberto and Guido da, 122
Romeo, 203
Rossetti, 10, 57, 68, 76, 107, 181
Rudolph of Hapsburg, 16, 100, 170, 204
Ruggieri, Abp., 161
Rustico di Filippo, 85
Ruth, 219
Saladin, 152
Salterelli, Lapo, 37
Salvani, Provenzano, 9, 174
Sapia, 174
Sarah, 219
Scala, Albuino della, 44, 57
---- Bartolommeo della, 43
---- Can Grande della, 43, 57, 58, 62, 63, 121, 127, 130, 132, 144,
147, 208
Scartazzini, G. A., 11, 13, 21
Sennuccio del Bene, 53
Serravalle, Giovanni da, 47
Shakespeare, 26, 163
Shelley, 60, 96, 134, 210, 231
Siger, 205, 206
Signorelli, Luca, 155
Sinon, 160
Solomon, 119, 205, 207
Sordello, 169, 170
Spenser, 107_n._
Spini (family), 29
Statius, 140, 179-183, 186, 189, 192
Swinburne, 107_n._
Tiberius, 115
Torraca, F., 45_n._, 123_n._
Tosa, Baschiera della, 43
Toynbee, P., 122_n._
_See_ Bibliographical Appendix
Trajan, 109, 173, 210
Tundal, 139, 170
Ubaldini, the, 41
Uberti, Farinata degli, 8, 155
---- Tolosato degli, 43
Ugolino, Count, 125, 161
Uguccione della Faggiuola, 46, 54-57
Ulysses, 160
Veltro, the, 93, 147, 191, 203
Vernani, Fra Guido, 119
Vernon, W. W., 65
Vigna, Piero della, 156
Villani, F., 11, 60, 127
---- G., 9, 11, 17, 29, 46, 102, 121, 125
Villari, P., 50
Vincent of Beauvais, 180
“Violetta,” 84
Virgil, 140-143, 147-149, 153-164, 169, 175-188, 211, 218
Visconti, Nino, 170
Wicksteed, P. H., 95, 98_n._
William of Orange, 209
---- II., King of Sicily, 3, 210
Witte, K., 21, 98, 143, 157
Zeno, San, Abbot of, 177
Transcriber’s Notes
Page 206: “St. Anslem” changed to “St. Anselm”