[1] Edmund Davy (1785-1857) became professor of chemistry at Cork
Institution in 1813, and at the Royal Dublin Society in 1826. His
son, Edmund William Davy (born in 1826), was appointed professor of
medicine in the Royal College, Dublin, in 1870.
[2] Davy's will directed that this service, after Lady Davy's death,
should pass to his brother, Dr John Davy, on whose decease, if he had
no heirs who could make use of it, it was to be melted and sold, the
proceeds going to the Royal Society "to found a medal to be given
annually for the most important discovery in chemistry anywhere made
in Europe or Anglo-America." The silver produced L736, and the
interest on that sum is expended on the Davy medal, which was awarded
for the first time in 1877, to Bunsen and Kirchhoff for their
discovery of spectrum analysis.
DAWARI, or DAURI, a Pathan tribe on the Waziri border of the North-West
Frontier Province of India. The Dawaris inhabit the Tochi Valley (q.v.),
otherwise known as Dawar or Daur, and are a homogeneous tribe of
considerable size, numbering 5200 fighting men. Though surrounded on all
four sides by a Waziri population they bear little resemblance to
Waziris. They are an agricultural and the Waziris a pastoral race, and
they are much richer than their neighbours. They thrive on a rich
sedimentary soil copiously irrigated in the midst of a country where
cultivable land of any kind is scarce and water in general hardly to be
obtained. But they pay a heavy tax in health and well-being for the
possession of their fertile acres. Fevers and other ravaging diseases
are bred in the wet sodden lands of the Tochi Valley, lying at the
bottom of a deep depression exposed to the burning rays of the sun; and
the effects of these ailments may be clearly traced in the drawn or
bloated features and the shrunken or swollen limbs of nearly every
Dawari that has passed middle life. They have an evil name for
indolence, drug-eating and unnatural vices, and are morally the lowest
of the Afghan races; but in spite of these defects, and of the contempt
with which they are regarded by the other Afghan tribes, they have held
their own for centuries against the warlike and hardy Waziris. The
secret of this is that the Dawaris stand together, and the Waziris do
not, while the weaker race is gifted with infinite patience and tenacity
of purpose. With the advent of British government, however, the Dawaris
are now secured in the possession of their ancestral lands.
See J. G. Lorimer, _Grammar and Vocabulary of Waziri Pushtu_ (1902).
DAWES, HENRY LAURENS (1816-1903), American lawyer, was born at
Cummington, Massachusetts, on the 30th of October 1816. After graduating
at Yale in 1839, he taught for a time at Greenfield, Mass., and also
edited _The Greenfield Gazette_. In 1842 he was admitted to the bar and
began the practice of law at North Adams, where for a time he conducted
_The Transcript_. He served in the Massachusetts House of
Representatives in 1848-1849 and in 1852, in the state Senate in 1850,
and in the Massachusetts constitutional convention in 1853. From 1853 to
1857 he was United States district attorney for the western district of
Massachusetts; and from 1857-1875 he was a Republican member of the
national House of Representatives. In 1875 he succeeded Charles Sumner
as senator from Massachusetts, serving until 1893. During this long
period of legislative activity he served in the House on the committees
on elections, ways and means, and appropriations, took a prominent part
in the anti-slavery and reconstruction measures during and after the
Civil War, in tariff legislation, and in the establishment of a fish
commission and the inauguration of daily weather reports. In the Senate
he was chairman of the committee on Indian affairs, and gave much
attention to the enactment of laws for the benefit of the Indians. On
leaving the Senate, in 1893, he became chairman of the Commission to the
Five Civilized Tribes (sometimes called the Dawes Indian Commission),
and served in this capacity for ten years, negotiating with the tribes
for the extinction of the communal title to their land and for the
dissolution of the tribal governments, with the object of making the
tribes a constituent part of the United States.[1] Dawes died at
Pittsfield, Mass., on the 5th of February 1903.