Civil Democracy Party or PDP [Viktor MUNTIANAS]; Coalition
of Labor Party and Youth or KDP+J [Viktor USPASKICH]; Electoral
Action of Lithuanian Poles or LLRA [Valdemar TOMASZEVSKI]; Homeland
Union - Lithuanian Christian Democrats or TS [Andrius KUBILIUS];
Lithuanian Peasant Popular Union or LVLS [Kazimiera PRUNSKIENE];
Liberal and Center Union or LCS [Arturas ZUOKAS]; Liberal Movement
or LRLS [Eligijus MASIULIS]; National Revival or TPP [Arunas
VALINSKAS]; New Union (Social Liberal) or NS [Arturas PAULAUSKAS];
Order and Justice Party or TT [Rolandas PAKSAS]; Social Democratic
Party or LSDP [Gediminas KIRKILAS]; Young Lithuania and New
Nationalists [Stanislovas BUSKEVICIUS]
Luxembourg
Alternative Democratic Reform Party or ADR [Robert
MENLEN]; Christian Social People's Party or CSV [Francois BILTGEN]
(also known as Christian Social Party or PCS); Democratic Party or
DP [Claude MEISCH]; Green Party [Francois BAUSCH]; Luxembourg
Socialist Workers' Party or LSAP [Alex BODRY]; dei Lenk/la Gauche
(the Left); other minor parties
Macau
Civil Service Union [Jose Maria Pereira COUTINHO]; Development
Union [KWAN Tsui-hang]; Macau Development Alliance [Angela LEONG
On-kei]; Macau United Citizens' Association [CHAN Meng-kam]; New
Democratic Macau Association [Antonio NG Kuok-cheong]; United Forces
note: there is no political party ordinance, so there are no
registered political parties; politically active groups register as
societies or companies
Macedonia
Democratic Alliance [Pavle TRAJANOV]; Democratic League of
Bosniaks [Rafet MUMINOVIC]; Democratic Party of Albanians or
PDSh/DPA [Menduh THACI]; Democratic Party of Serbs [Ivan
STOILJKOVIC]; Democratic Party of Turks [Kenan HASIPI]; Democratic
Renewal of Macedonia [Liljana POPOVSKA]; Democratic Union of
Albanians or BDSh [BardYL MAHMUTI]; Democratic Union of Vlachs for
Macedonia [Mitko KOSTOV]; Democratic Union for Integration or
BDI/DUI [Ali AHMETI]; For a Better Macedonia coalition [Nikola
GRUEVSKI] (includes VMRO-DPMNE, SP, Democratic Union, Democratic
Renewal of Macedonia, Democratic Party of Turks, Democratic Party of
Serbs, SR, and smaller parties); Internal Macedonian Revolutionary
Organization-Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity or
VMRO-DPMNE [Nikola GRUEVSKI]; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary
Organization-People's Party or VMRO-Narodna [Gjorgji TRENDAFILOV];
League for Democracy [Gjorgi MARJANOVIC]; Liberal Democratic Party
or LDP [Jovan MANSIEVSKI]; Liberal Party [Stojan ANDOV]; National
Alternative [Harun ALIU]; National Democratic Union or BDK [Hysni
SHAQIR]; New Social Democratic Party or NSDP [Tito PETKOVSKI]; Party
for Democratic Prosperity or PPD/PDP [Abduljhadi VEJSELI]; Party for
European Future or PEI [Fijat CANOSKI]; Party of Free Democrats or
PSD [Ljubco JORDANOVSKI]; Social Democratic Alliance of Macedonia or
SDSM [Zoran ZAEV (until May 2009)]; Socialist Party of Macedonia or
SP [Ljubisav IVANOV-ZINGO]; Sun-Coalition for Europe [Radmila
SKERINSKA] (includes SDSM, NSDP, LDP, Liberal Party and smaller
parties); Union of Romas or SR [Shaban SALIU]; United Party for
Emancipation or OPE [Nezdet MUSTAFA]
Madagascar
Association for the Rebirth of Madagascar or AREMA
[Pierrot RAJAONARIVELO]; Democratic Party for Union in Madagascar or
PSDUM [Jean LAHINIRIKO]; Economic Liberalism and Democratic Action
for National Recovery or LEADER/Fanilo [Herizo RAZAFIMAHALEO];
Fihaonana Party or FP [Guy-Willy RAZANAMASY]; I Love Madagascar or
TIM [Marc RAVALOMANANA]; Renewal of the Social Democratic Party or
RPSD [Evariste MARSON]
Malawi
Alliance for Democracy or AFORD; Congress for National Unity
or CONU; Democratic Progressive Party or DPP [Bingu wa MUTHARIKA];
Malawi Congress Party or MCP [John TEMBO]; Malawi Democratic Party
or MDP [Kampelo KALUA]; Malawi Forum for Unity and Development or
MAFUNDE [George MNESA]; Mgwirizano Coalition or MC [Gwandaguluwe
CHAKUAMBA] (coalition of MAFUNDE, MDP, MGODE, NUP, PETRA, PPM, RP);
Movement for Genuine Democratic Change or MGODE [Sam Kandodo BANDA];
National Democratic Alliance or NDA [Brown MPINGANJIRA]; National
Unity Party or NUP [Harry CHIUME]; People's Progressive Movement or
PPM [Aleke BANDA]; People's Transformation Movement or PETRA [Kamuzu
CHIBAMBO]; Republican Party or RP [Gwandaguluwe CHAKUAMBA]; United
Democratic Front or UDF [Bakili MULUZI]
Malaysia
National Front (Barisan Nasional) or BN (ruling coalition)
consists of the following parties: Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia Party or
PGRM [KOH Tsu Koon - acting]; Liberal Democratic Party (Parti
Liberal Demokratik - Sabah) or LDP [LIEW Vui Keong]; Malaysian
Chinese Association (Persatuan China Malaysia) or MCA [ONG Ka Ting];
Malaysian Indian Congress (Kongres India Malaysia) or MIC [S. Samy
VELLU]; Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah or PBRS [Joseph KURUP]; Parti
Bersatu Sabah or PBS [Joseph PAIRIN Kitingan]; Parti Pesaka
Bumiputera Bersatu or PBB [Abdul TAIB Mahmud]; Parti Rakyat Sarawak
or PRS [James MASING]; Sabah Progressive Party (Parti Progresif
Sabah) or SAPP [YONG Teck Lee]; Sarawak United People's Party (Parti
Bersatu Rakyat Sarawak) or SUPP [George CHAN Hong Nam]; United
Malays National Organization or UMNO [ABDULLAH bin Ahmad Badawi];
United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organization (Pertubuhan
Pasko Momogun Kadazan Dusun Bersatu) or UPKO [Bernard DOMPOK];
People's Progressive Party (Parti Progresif Penduduk Malaysia) or
PPP [M.Kayveas]; Sarawak Progressive Democratic Party or SPDP
[William MAWAN])
People's Alliance (Pakatan Rakyat) or PR (opposition coalition)
consists of the following parties:: Democratic Action Party (Parti
Tindakan Demokratik) or DAP [KARPAL Singh]; Islamic Party of
Malaysia (Parti Islam se Malaysia) or PAS [Abdul HADI Awang];
People's Justice Party (Parti Keadilan Rakyat) or PKR [WAN AZIZAH
Wan Ismael]; Sarawak National Party or SNAP [Edwin DUNDANG]
Maldives
Adhaalath (Justice) Party or AP [Abdul Majeed Abdul BARI];
Dhivehi Rayyithunge Party (Maldivian People's Party) or DRP [Maumoon
Abdul GAYOOM]; Islamic Democratic Party or IDP [Omar NASEER];
Maldivian Democratic Party or MDP [Mohamed NASHEED]; note -
political parties were allowed to register in June 2005
Mali
Alliance for Democratic Change (political group comprised
mainly of Tuareg from Mali's northern region); African Solidarity
for Democracy and Independence or SADI [Oumar MARIKO, secretary
general]; Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP (a coalition of
political parties including ADEMA and URD formed in December 2006 to
support the presidential candidacy of Amadou TOURE); Alliance for
Democracy or ADEMA [Diounconda TRAORE]; Convergence 2007 [Soumeylou
Boubeye MAIGA]; Front for Democracy and the Republic or FDR (a
coalition of political parties including RPM and PARENA formed to
oppose the presidential candidacy of Amadou TOURE); National
Congress for Democratic Initiative or CNID [Mountaga TALL]; Party
for Democracy and Progress or PDP [Me Idrissa TRAORE]; Party for
National Renewal or PARENA [Tiebile DRAME]; Patriotic Movement for
Renewal or MPR [Choguel MAIGA]; Rally for Democracy and Labor or
RDT; Rally for Mali or RPM [Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA]; Sudanese
Union/African Democratic Rally or US/RDA [Mamadou Bamou TOURE];
Union for Democracy and Development or UDD [Moussa Balla COULIBALY];
Union for Republic and Democracy or URD [Soumaila CISSE]
Malta
Alternativa Demokratika/Alliance for Social Justice or AD
[Harry VASSALLO]; Malta Labor Party or MLP [acting leader Charles
MANGION]; Nationalist Party or PN [Lawrence GONZI]
Marshall Islands
traditionally there have been no formally organized
political parties; what has existed more closely resembles factions
or interest groups because they do not have party headquarters,
formal platforms, or party structures; the following two "groupings"
have competed in legislative balloting in recent years - Aelon Kein
Ad Party [Michael KABUA] and United Democratic Party or UDP [Litokwa
TOMEING]
Mauritania
Alternative or El-Badil; Centrist Reformists (independent
moderate Islamists); Coalition for Forces for Democratic Change or
CFCD (coalition of political parties including APP, Centrist
Reformists (independent moderate Islamists), HATEM-PMUC, PUDS, RD,
RFD, UFP); Democratic and Social Republican Party or PRDS;
Democratic Renewal or RD; Mauritanian Party for Unity and Change or
HATEM-PMUC; Mithaq (coalition of independents and parties associated
with the former regime including Alternative or El-Badil, PRDR, UDP,
RDU); National Rally for Freedom, Democracy and Equality or RNDLE;
Popular Front or FP [Ch'bih Ould CHEIKH MALAININE]; Popular
Progressive Alliance or APP [Messoud Ould BOULKHEIR]; Rally of
Democratic Forces or RFD [Ahmed Ould DADDAH]; Rally for Democracy
and Unity or RDU [Ahmed Ould SIDI BABA]; Republican Party for
Democracy and Renewal or PRDR [Boullah Ould MOGUEYA] (formerly
ruling Democratic and Social Republican Party or PRDS); Socialist
and Democratic Unity Party or PUDS; Union for Democracy and Progress
or UDP [Naha Mint MOUKNASS]; Union of Democratic Centre or UCD;
Union of the Forces for Progress or UFP
Mauritius
Alliance Sociale or AS [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM] (governing
coalition - includes MLD, MMSM, MR, MSD, PMXD); Mauritian Labor
Party or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]; Mauritian Militant Movement
or MMM [Paul BERENGER]; Mauritian Socialist Militant Movement or
MMSM [Madan DOLLOO]; Militant Socialist Movement or MSM [Nando
BODHA]; Mouvement Republicain or MR [Jayarama VALAYDEN]; Parti
Mauricien Xavier Duval or PMXD [Xavier Luc DUVAL]; Rodrigues
Movement or MR [Joseph (Nicholas) Von MALLY]; Rodrigues Peoples
Organization or OPR [Serge CLAIR]
Mayotte
Democratic Front or FD [Youssouf MOUSSA]; Mahoran Popular
Movement or MPM [Ahmed MADI]; Federation of Mahorans or UMP-RPR
[Mansour KAMARDINE]; Force of the Rally and the Alliance for
Democracy or FRAP; Movement for Department Status Mayotte or MDM
[Mouhoutar SALIM]; Renewed Communist Party of Mayotte or MRC [Omar
SIMBA]; Socialist Party or PS [Ibrahim ABUBACAR] (local branch of
French Parti Socialiste); Union for French Democracy or UDF [Henri
JEAN-BAPTISTE]
Mexico
Convergence for Democracy or CD [Luis MALDONADO Venegas];
Institutional Revolutionary Party or PRI [Beatriz PAREDES]; Labor
Party or PT [Alberto ANAYA Gutierrez]; Mexican Green Ecological
Party or PVEM [Jorge Emilio GONZALEZ Martinez]; National Action
Party (Partido Accion Nacional) or PAN [German MARTINEZ Cazares];
New Alliance Party (Partido Nueva Alianza) or PNA [Jorge Antonio
KAHWAGI Macari]; Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la
Revolucion Democratica) or PRD [Leonel COTA Montano]; Social
Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party (Partido Alternativa
Socialdemocrata y Campesina) or Alternativa [Alberto BEGNE Guerra]
Micronesia, Federated States of
no formal parties
Moldova
Christian Democratic People's Party or PPCD [Iurie ROSCA];
Communist Party of the Republic of Moldova or PCRM [Vladimir
VORONIN]; Democratic Party or PD [Dumitru DIACOV]; Liberal
Democratic Party or PLDM [Vladmir FILAT]; National Liberal Party or
PNL [Vitalia PAVLICENKO]; Our Moldova Alliance or AMN [Serafim
URECHEAN]; Party for Social Democracy or PDSM [Dumitru BRAGHIS];
Social Liberal Party or PSL [Oleg SEREBRIAN]
Monaco
Union for Monaco or UPM (including National Union for the
Future of Monaco or UNAM); Rally and Issues for Monaco or REM;
Monaco Together
Mongolia
Democratic Party or DP [Norovyn ALTANHUYAG]; Mongolian
People's Revolutionary Party or MPRP [Sanji BAYAR]
Montenegro
Albanian Alternative or AA [Vesel SINISHTAJ]; Coalition
for European Montenegro or DPS-SDP (bloc) [Milo DJUKANOVIC]
(includes Democratic Party of Socialists or DPS [Milo DJUKANOVIC]
and Social Democratic Party of SDP [Ranko KRIVOKAPIC]); Coalition
SNP-NS-DSS (bloc) (includes Socialist People's Party or SNP [Srdjan
MILIC], People's Party of Montenegro or NS [Predrag POPOVIC], and
Democratic Serbian Party of Montenegro or DSS [Ranko KADIC]);
Democratic League-Party of Democratic Prosperity or SPP [Mehmet
BARHDI]; Democratic Union of Albanians or DUA [Ferhat DINOSA];
Liberals and the Bosniak Party (bloc) [Miodrag ZIVKOVIC] (includes
Liberal Party of Montenegro or LP [Miodrag ZIVKOVIC] and Bosniak
Party or BS [Rafet HUSOVIC]); Movement for Changes or PZP [Nebojsa
MEDOJEVIC]; Serbian List (bloc) [Andrija MANDIC] (includes Party of
Serb Radicals or SSR [Dusko SEKULIC], People's Socialist Party or
NSS [Emilo LABUDOVIC], and Serbian People's Party of Montenegro or
SNS [Andrija MANDIC])
Montserrat
Montserrat Democratic Party or MDP [Lowell LEWIS];
Movement for Change and Prosperity or MCAP [Roselyn CASSELL-SEALY];
New People's Liberation Movement or NPLM [John A. OSBORNE]
Morocco
Action Party or PA [Muhammad EL IDRISSI]; Alliance of
Liberties or ADL [Ali BELHAJ]; Annahj Addimocrati or Annahj
[Abdellah EL HARIF]; Avant Garde Social Democratic Party or PADS
[Ahmed BENJELLOUN]; Citizen Forces or FC [Abderrahman LAHJOUJI];
Citizen's Initiatives for Development [Mohamed BENHAMOU];
Constitutional Union or UC [Mohamed ABIED]; Democratic and
Independence Party or PDI [Abdelwahed MAACH]; Democratic and Social
Movement or MDS [Mahmoud ARCHANE]; Democratic Forces Front or FFD;
Democratic Socialist Party or PSD [Aissa OUARDIGHI]; Democratic
Society Party or PSD [Zhor CHEKKAFI]; Democratic Union or UD
[Bouazza IKKEN]; Environment and Development Party or PED [Ahmed EL
ALAMI]; Front of Democratic Forces or FFD [Thami EL KHYARI];
Independence Party (Istiqlal) or PI [Abbas EL FASSI]; Justice and
Development Party or PJD [Abdelilah BENKIRANE]; Labor Party
[Abdelkrim BENATIK]; Moroccan Liberal Party or PML [Mohamed ZIANE];
National Democratic Party or PND [Abdallah KADIRI]; National
Ittihadi Congress Party or CNI [Abdelmajid BOUZOUBAA]; National
Rally of Independents or RNI [Mustapha EL MANSOURI]; National Union
of Popular Forces or UNFP [Abdellah IBRAHIM]; Parti Al Ahd or Al Ahd
[Najib EL OUAZZANI]; Party of Progress and Socialism or PPS [Ismail
ALAOUI]; Party of Renewal and Equity or PRE [Chakir ACHABAR]; Party
of the Unified Socialist Left or GSU [Mohamed Ben Said AIT IDDER];
Popular Movement or MP [Mohamed LAENSER]; Reform and Development
Party or PRD [Abderrahmane EL KOUHEN]; Social Center Party or PSC
[Lahcen MADIH]; Socialist Union of Popular Forces or USFP
Mozambique
Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frente de
Liberatacao de Mocambique) or FRELIMO [Armando Emilio GUEBUZA];
Mozambique National Resistance-Electoral Union (Resistencia Nacional
Mocambicana-Uniao Eleitoral) or RENAMO-UE [Afonso DHLAKAMA]
Namibia
Congress of Democrats or COD [Ben ULENGA]; Democratic
Turnhalle Alliance of Namibia or DTA [Katuutire KAURA]; Monitor
Action Group or MAG [Jurie VILJOEN]; National Democratic Movement
for Change or NamDMC; National Unity Democratic Organization or NUDO
[Kuaima RIRUAKO]; Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Hidipo
HAMUTENYA]; Republican Party or RP [Henk MUDGE]; South West Africa
National Union or SWANU [Rihupisa KANDANDO]; South West Africa
People's Organization or SWAPO [Hifikepunye POHAMBA]; United
Democratic Front or UDF [Justus GAROEB]
Nauru
Democratic Party [Kennan ADEANG]; Nauru Party (informal);
Nauru First (Naoero Amo) Party; note - loose multiparty system
Nepal
Chure Bhawar Rastriya Ekata Party [Keshav Prasad MAINALI];
Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) [Pushpa Kamal DAHAL, also known as
PRACHANDA, chairman; Dr. Baburam BHATTARAI]; Communist Party of
Nepal (ML) [C.P. MAINALI]; Communist Party of Nepal (Unified) [Raj
Singh SHRIS]; Communist Party of Nepal (United) [Ganesh SHAH];
Communist Party of Nepal/United Marxist-Leninist or CPN/UML [Amrit
Kumar BOHARA]; Dalit Janajati Party [Vishwendraman PASHWAN];
Janamorcha Nepal [Amik SHERCHAN]; Madhesi Jana Adhikar Forum
[Upendra YADAV]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Pashupati
Shumsher RANA] (also called Rastriya Prajatantra Party or RPP);
Nepal Loktantrik Samajbadi Dal [Upendra GACHCHHADAR]; Nepal Pariwar
Dal [Vinod DANGI]; Nepal Rastriya Party [Khushilal YADAV]; Nepal
Sadbhavana Party (Anandi Devi) [Shyam Sundar GUPTA]; Nepal Workers
and Peasants Party or NWPP [Narayan Man BIJUKCHHE]; Nepali Congress
Party or NCP [Girija Prasad KOIRALA]; Nepali Janata Dal [Bharat
Prasad MAHATO]; Rastriya Janamorcha [Chitra BAHADUR K.C.]; Rastriya
Janamukti Party [Malwar Singh THAPA]; Rastriya Janashakti Party or
RJP [Surya Bahadur THAPA] (split from RPP in March 2005); Rastriya
Prajatantra Party Nepal [Kamal THAPA]; Sadbhavana Party (Mahato)
[Rajendra MAHATO]; Samajbadi Prajatantrik Janata Party Nepal [Prem
Bahadur SINGH]; Sanghiya Loktantrik Rastriya Manch [Kamal
CHHARAHANG]; Terai Madhesi Democratic Party [Mahantha THAKUR]
Netherlands
Christian Democratic Appeal or CDA [Jan Peter
BALKENENDE]; Christian Union Party [Andre ROUVOET]; Democrats 66 or
D66 [Alexander PECHTOLD]; Green Left Party [Femke HALSEMA]; Labor
Party or PvdA [Wouter BOS]; Party for Freedom or PVV [Geert
WILDERS]; Party for the Animals or PvdD [Marianne THIEME]; People's
Party for Freedom and Democracy (Liberal) or VVD [Mark RUTTE];
Reformed Political Party of SGP [Bas VAN DER VLIES]; Socialist Party
[Jan MARIJNISSEN]; plus a few minor parties
Netherlands Antilles
Bonaire: Democratic Party of Bonaire or PDB
[Jopi ABRAHAM]; Patriotic Union of Bonaire or UPB [Ramonsito BOOI]
Curacao: Ban Vota [Norbert GEORGE]; C-93 [Stanley BROWN]; Democratic
Party of Curacao or DP [Errol HERNANDEZ]; E Mayoria [Aurelio PEDRO];
Forsa Korsou [Nelson NAVARRO]; Liste Ni'un Paso Atras [Nelson
PIERRE]; Movemiento Patriotiko Korsou [Reginald LAK]; New Antilles
Movement or MAN [Charles COOPER]; Partido Akshon Pa Prosperidat I
Seguridat [Sonja BERKEMEYER]; Partido Laboral Krusada Popular or
PLKP [Errol COVA]; Party for the Restructured Antilles or PAR [Emily
de JONGH-ELHAGE]; People's National Party or PNP [Ersilia DE
LANNOOY]; Pidjin [Jasmin PINEDO]; Pueblo Soberano [Herman WIELS];
Workers' Liberation Front or FOL [Anthony GODETT]
Saba: Saba Labor Party [Akilah LEVENSTONE]; Windward Islands
People's Movement or WIPM [Ray HASSELL]
Sint Eustatius: Democratic Party of Sint Eustatius or DP-St. E
[Julian WOODLEY]; Progressive Labor Party [Clyde VAN PUTTEN]; St.
Eustatius Alliance [Ingrid HOUTMAN-WHITFIELD]
Sint Maarten: Democratic Party of Sint Maarten or DP-St. M [Sarah
WESCOTT-WILLIAMS]; Freedom Slate of National Democratic Party
[Theophilus PRIEST]; National Alliance or NA [William MARLIN];
People's Progressive Alliance or PPA [Gracita ARRINDELL]; St.
Maarten People's Party [Johan LEONARD]; United People's Labor Party
[Bienvenido RICHARDSON]
note: political parties are indigenous to each island
New Caledonia
Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX];
Caledonian Union or UC; Federation des Comites de Coordination des
Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy
GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak
Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS (includes PALIKA,
UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul
NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic
(anti independence) or RPCR-UMP [Jacques LAFLEUR]; The Future
Together or AE [Harold MARTIN]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance
or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul
NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak
or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO]
New Zealand
ACT New Zealand [Rodney HIDE]; Green Party [Jeanette
FITZSIMONS]; Maori Party [Whatarangi WINIATA]; National Party or NP
[John KEY]; New Zealand First Party or NZFP [Winston PETERS]; New
Zealand Labor Party or NZLP [Phil GOFF]; Progressive Party [James
(Jim) ANDERTON]; United Future or UF [Peter DUNNE]
Nicaragua
Conservative Party or PC [Azalia AVILES Salmeron]; Liberal
Constitutionalist Party or PLC [Jorge CASTILLO Quant]; Nicaraguan
Liberal Alliance or ALN [Eduardo MONTEALEGRE]; Sandinista National
Liberation Front or FSLN [Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra]; Sandinista
Renovation Movement or MRS [Enrique SAENZ Navarrete]
Niger
Democratic and Social Convention-Rahama or CDS-Rahama
[Mahamane OUSMANE]; National Movement for a Developing
Society-Nassara or MNSD-Nassara [Hama AMADOU]; Niger Social
Democratic Party or PSDN; Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Social
Progress-Zaman Lahiya or ANDP-Zaman Lahiya [Moumouni DJERMAKOYE];
Nigerien Party for Autonomy or PNA-Alouma'a [Sanousi JACKOU];
Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism or PNDS-Tarrayya [Issifou
MAHAMADOU]; Nigerien Progressive Party or PPN-RDA [Abdoulaye DIORI];
Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP-jama'a [Hamid ALGABID];
Social and Democratic Rally or RSD-Gaskiyya [Cheiffou AMADOU]
Nigeria
Accord Party [Ikra Aliyu BILBIS]; Action Congress or AC
[Hassan ZUMI]; Alliance for Democracy or AD [Mojisoluwa AKINFENWA];
All Nigeria Peoples' Party or ANPP [Edwin UME-EZEOKE]; All
Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA [Victor C. UMEH]; Democratic
People's Party or DPP [Jeremiah USENI]; Fresh Democratic Party
[Chris OKOTIE]; Labor Party [Dan NWANYANWU]; Movement for the
Restoration and Defense of Democracy or MRDD [Mohammed Gambo
JIMETA]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Aliyu Habu FARI]; Peoples
Democratic Party or PDP [vacant]; Peoples Progressive Alliance
[Clement EBRI]; Peoples Redemption Party or PRP [Abdulkadir Balarabe
MUSA]; Peoples Salvation Party or PSP [Lawal MAITURARE]; United
Nigeria Peoples Party or UNPP [Mallam Selah JAMBO]
Niue
Alliance of Independents or AI; Niue People's Action Party or
NPP [Young VIVIAN]
Norfolk Island
none
Northern Mariana Islands
Covenant Party [Benigno R. FITIAL];
Democratic Party [Dr. Carlos S. CAMACHO]; Republican Party [Juan S.
REYES]
Norway
Center Party [Aslaug Marie HAGA]; Christian People's Party
[Dagfinn HOYBRATEN]; Conservative Party [Erna SOLBERG]; Labor Party
[Jens STOLTENBERG]; Liberal Party [Lars SPONHEIM]; Progress Party
[Siv JENSEN]; Socialist Left Party [Kristin HALVORSEN]
Oman
none
Pakistan
Awami National Party or ANP [Asfandyar Wali KHAN];
Balochistan National Party-Hayee Group or BNP-H [Dr. Hayee BALOCH];
Balochistan National Party-Awami or BNP-A [Moheem Khan BALOCH];
Balochistan National Party-Mengal or BNP-M [Sardar Ataullah MENGAL];
Jamhoori Watan Party or JWP; Jamiat Ahle Hadith or JAH [Sajid MIR];
Jamaat-i Islami or JI [Qazi Hussain AHMED]; Jamiat Ulema-i Islam
Fazlur Rehman or JUI-F [Fazlur REHMAN]; Jamiat Ulema-i Islam Sami-ul
HAQ or JUI-S [Sami ul-HAQ]; Jamiat Ulema-i Pakistan or JUP [Shah
Faridul HAQ]; Muttahida Majlis-e Amal or MMA [Qazi Hussain AHMED];
Muttahida Qaumi Movement or MQM [Altaf HUSSAIN]; National Alliance
or NA [Ghulam Mustapha JATOI] (merged with PML); National Peoples
Party or NPP; Pakhtun Khwa Milli Awami Party or PKMAP [Mahmood Khan
ACHAKZAI]; Pakistan Awami Tehrik or PAT [Tahir ul QADRI]; Pakistan
Muslim League-Functional or PML-F [Pir PAGARO]; Pakistan Muslim
League-Nawaz Sharif or PML-N [Nawaz SHARIF]; Pakistan Muslim League
or PML [Chaudhry Shujaat HUSSAIN]; Pakistan Peoples Party-SHERPAO or
PPP-S [Aftab Ahmed Khan SHERPAO]; Pakistan Peoples Party
Parliamentarians or PPPP [Bilawal Bhutto ZARDARI, chairman; Asif Ali
ZARDARI, co-chairman]; Pakistan Tehrik-e Insaaf or PTI [Imran KHAN];
Tehrik-i Islami [Allama Sajid NAQVI]
note: political alliances in Pakistan can shift frequently
Palau
none
Panama
Democratic Change or CD [Ricardo MARTINELLI]; Democratic
Revolutionary Party or PRD [Hugo GUIRAUD]; Nationalist Republican
Liberal Movement or MOLIRENA [Gisela CHUNG]; Panamenista Party or PA
[Juan Carlos VARELA] (formerly the Arnulfista Party); Patriotic
Union Party or PU (combination of the Liberal National Party or PLN
and the Solidarity Party or PS)[Jose Raul MULINO and Anibal
GALINDO]; Popular Party or PP [Rene ORILLAC] (formerly Christian
Democratic Party or PDC)