lowest point: Elbe River 115 m
highest point: Snezka 1,602 m
Denmark
lowest point: Lammefjord -7 m
highest point: Yding Skovhoej 173 m
Djibouti
lowest point: Lac Assal -155 m
highest point: Moussa Ali 2,028 m
Dominica
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Morne Diablatins 1,447 m
Dominican Republic
lowest point: Lago Enriquillo -46 m
highest point: Pico Duarte 3,175 m
Ecuador
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Chimborazo 6,267 m
Egypt
lowest point: Qattara Depression -133 m
highest point: Mount Catherine 2,629 m
El Salvador
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Cerro El Pital 2,730 m
Equatorial Guinea
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Pico Basile 3,008 m
Eritrea
lowest point: near Kulul within the Denakil depression -75 m
highest point: Soira 3,018 m
Estonia
lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m
highest point: Suur Munamagi 318 m
Ethiopia
lowest point: Denakil Depression -125 m
highest point: Ras Dejen 4,533 m
European Union
lowest point: Lammefjord, Denmark -7 m;
Zuidplaspolder, Netherlands -7 m
highest point: Mont Blanc 4,807 m; note - situated on the border
between France and Italy
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m
Faroe Islands
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Slaettaratindur 882 m
Fiji
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Tomanivi 1,324 m
Finland
lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m
highest point: Haltiatunturi 1,328 m
France
lowest point: Rhone River delta -2 m
highest point: Mont Blanc 4,807 m
French Polynesia
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Orohena 2,241 m
French Southern and Antarctic Lands
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont de la Dives on Ile Amsterdam (Ile Amsterdam et
Ile Saint-Paul) 867 m; unnamed location on Ile Saint-Paul (Ile
Amsterdam et Ile Saint-Paul) 272 m; Pic Marion-Dufresne in Iles
Crozet 1,090 m; Mont Ross in Iles Kerguelen 1,850 m; unnamed
location on Bassas de India (Iles Eparses) 2.4 m; unnamed location
on Europa Island (Iles Eparses) 24 m; unnamed location on Glorioso
Islands (Iles Eparses) 12 m; unnamed location on Juan de Nova Island
(Iles Eparses) 10 m; unnamed location on Tromelin Island (Iles
Eparses) 7 m
Gabon
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Iboundji 1,575 m
Gambia, The
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 53 m
Gaza Strip
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Abu 'Awdah (Joz Abu 'Auda) 105 m
Georgia
lowest point: Black Sea 0 m
highest point: Mt'a Shkhara 5,201 m
Germany
lowest point: Neuendorf bei Wilster -3.54 m
highest point: Zugspitze 2,963 m
Ghana
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Afadjato 880 m
Gibraltar
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m
Greece
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Olympus 2,917 m
Greenland
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Gunnbjorn 3,700 m
Grenada
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Saint Catherine 840 m
Guam
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Lamlam 406 m
Guatemala
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Volcan Tajumulco 4,211 m
Guernsey
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Sark 114 m
Guinea
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Nimba 1,752 m
Guinea-Bissau
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location in the northeast corner of the
country 300 m
Guyana
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Roraima 2,835 m
Haiti
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Chaine de la Selle 2,680 m
Heard Island and McDonald Islands
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mawson Peak, on Big Ben 2,745 m
Holy See (Vatican City)
lowest point: unnamed location 19 m
highest point: unnamed location 75 m
Honduras
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Cerro Las Minas 2,870 m
Hong Kong
lowest point: South China Sea 0 m
highest point: Tai Mo Shan 958 m
Hungary
lowest point: Tisza River 78 m
highest point: Kekes 1,014 m
Iceland
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Hvannadalshnukur 2,110 m (at Vatnajokull glacier)
India
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Kanchenjunga 8,598 m
Indian Ocean
lowest point: Java Trench -7,258 m
highest point: sea level 0 m
Indonesia
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Puncak Jaya 5,030 m
Iran
lowest point: Caspian Sea -28 m
highest point: Kuh-e Damavand 5,671 m
Iraq
lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point: unnamed peak; 3,611 m; note - this peak is neither
Gundah Zhur 3,607 m nor Kuh-e Hajji-Ebrahim 3,595 m
Ireland
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Carrauntoohil 1,041 m
Isle of Man
lowest point: Irish Sea 0 m
highest point: Snaefell 621 m
Israel
lowest point: Dead Sea -408 m
highest point: Har Meron 1,208 m
Italy
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mont Blanc (Monte Bianco) de Courmayeur 4,748 m (a
secondary peak of Mont Blanc)
Jamaica
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Blue Mountain Peak 2,256 m
Jan Mayen
lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m
highest point: Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg 2,277 m
Japan
lowest point: Hachiro-gata -4 m
highest point: Mount Fuji 3,776 m
Jersey
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 143 m
Jordan
lowest point: Dead Sea -408 m
highest point: Jabal Ram 1,734 m
Kazakhstan
lowest point: Vpadina Kaundy -132 m
highest point: Khan Tangiri Shyngy (Pik Khan-Tengri) 6,995 m
Kenya
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Kenya 5,199 m
Kiribati
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Banaba 81 m
Korea, North
lowest point: Sea of Japan 0 m
highest point: Paektu-san 2,744 m
Korea, South
lowest point: Sea of Japan 0 m
highest point: Halla-san 1,950 m
Kosovo
lowest point: Drini i Bardhe/Beli Drim 297 m (located on the
border with Albania)
highest point: Gjeravica/Deravica 2,565 m
Kuwait
lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 306 m
Kyrgyzstan
lowest point: Kara-Daryya (Karadar'ya) 132 m
highest point: Jengish Chokusu (Pik Pobedy) 7,439 m
Laos
lowest point: Mekong River 70 m
highest point: Phou Bia 2,817 m
Latvia
lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m
highest point: Galzina Kalns 312 m
Lebanon
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Qurnat as Sawda' 3,088 m
Lesotho
lowest point: junction of the Orange and Makhaleng Rivers
1,400 m
highest point: Thabana Ntlenyana 3,482 m
Liberia
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Wuteve 1,380 m
Libya
lowest point: Sabkhat Ghuzayyil -47 m
highest point: Bikku Bitti 2,267 m
Liechtenstein
lowest point: Ruggeller Riet 430 m
highest point: Vorder-Grauspitz 2,599 m
Lithuania
lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m
highest point: Juozapines Kalnas 293.6 m
Luxembourg
lowest point: Moselle River 133 m
highest point: Buurgplaatz 559 m
Macau
lowest point: South China Sea 0 m
highest point: Coloane Alto 172.4 m
Macedonia
lowest point: Vardar River 50 m
highest point: Golem Korab (Maja e Korabit) 2,764 m
Madagascar
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Maromokotro 2,876 m
Malawi
lowest point: junction of the Shire River and international
boundary with Mozambique 37 m
highest point: Sapitwa (Mount Mlanje) 3,002 m
Malaysia
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Gunung Kinabalu 4,100 m
Maldives
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Wilingili island in the Addu
Atoll 2.4 m
Mali
lowest point: Senegal River 23 m
highest point: Hombori Tondo 1,155 m
Malta
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Ta'Dmejrek 253 m (near Dingli)
Marshall Islands
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Likiep 10 m
Mauritania
lowest point: Sebkhet Te-n-Dghamcha -5 m
highest point: Kediet Ijill 915 m
Mauritius
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Piton 828 m
Mayotte
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Benara 660 m
Mexico
lowest point: Laguna Salada -10 m
highest point: Volcan Pico de Orizaba 5,700 m
Micronesia, Federated States of
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m
Moldova
lowest point: Dniester River 2 m
highest point: Dealul Balanesti 430 m
Monaco
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mont Agel 140 m
Mongolia
lowest point: Hoh Nuur 518 m
highest point: Nayramadlin Orgil (Huyten Orgil) 4,374 m
Montenegro
lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point: Bobotov Kuk 2,522 m
Montserrat
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: lava dome in English's Crater (in the Soufriere Hills
volcanic complex) estimated at over 930 m (2006)
Morocco
lowest point: Sebkha Tah -55 m
highest point: Jebel Toubkal 4,165 m
Mozambique
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Monte Binga 2,436 m
Namibia
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Konigstein 2,606 m
Nauru
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location along plateau rim 61 m
Navassa Island
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on southwest side 77 m
Nepal
lowest point: Kanchan Kalan 70 m
highest point: Mount Everest 8,850 m
Netherlands
lowest point: Zuidplaspolder -7 m
highest point: Vaalserberg 322 m
Netherlands Antilles
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Scenery 862 m
New Caledonia
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m
New Zealand
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Aoraki-Mount Cook 3,754 m
Nicaragua
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mogoton 2,438 m
Niger
lowest point: Niger River 200 m
highest point: Mont Bagzane 2,022 m
Nigeria
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Chappal Waddi 2,419 m
Niue
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m
Norfolk Island
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Bates 319 m
Northern Mariana Islands
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Agrihan 965 m
Norway
lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m
highest point: Galdhopiggen 2,469 m
Oman
lowest point: Arabian Sea 0 m
highest point: Jabal Shams 2,980 m
Pacific Ocean
lowest point: Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench
-10,924 m
highest point: sea level 0 m
Pakistan
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: K2 (Mt. Godwin-Austen) 8,611 m
Palau
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Ngerchelchuus 242 m
Panama
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Volcan Baru 3,475 m
Papua New Guinea
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Wilhelm 4,509 m
Paracel Islands
lowest point: South China Sea 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Rocky Island 14 m
Paraguay
lowest point: junction of Rio Paraguay and Rio Parana 46 m
highest point: Cerro Pero (Cerro Tres Kandu) 842 m
Peru
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Nevado Huascaran 6,768 m
Philippines
lowest point: Philippine Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Apo 2,954 m
Pitcairn Islands
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Pawala Valley Ridge 347 m
Poland
lowest point: near Raczki Elblaskie -2 m
highest point: Rysy 2,499 m
Portugal
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Ponta do Pico (Pico or Pico Alto) on Ilha do Pico in
the Azores 2,351 m
Puerto Rico
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Cerro de Punta 1,339 m
Qatar
lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point: Qurayn Abu al Bawl 103 m
Romania
lowest point: Black Sea 0 m
highest point: Moldoveanu 2,544 m
Russia
lowest point: Caspian Sea -28 m
highest point: Gora El'brus 5,633 m
Rwanda
lowest point: Rusizi River 950 m
highest point: Volcan Karisimbi 4,519 m
Saint Barthelemy
lowest point: Caribbean Ocean 0 m
highest point: Morne du Vitet 286 m
Saint Helena
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,062 m; Green
Mountain on Ascension Island 859 m; Mount Actaeon on Saint Helena
Island 818 m
Saint Kitts and Nevis
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Liamuiga 1,156 m
Saint Lucia
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Gimie 950 m
Saint Martin
lowest point: Caribbean Ocean 0 m
highest point: Pic du Paradis 424 m
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: La Soufriere 1,234 m
Samoa
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mauga Silisili (Savaii) 1,857 m
San Marino
lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m
highest point: Monte Titano 755 m
Sao Tome and Principe
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Pico de Sao Tome 2,024 m
Saudi Arabia
lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point: Jabal Sawda' 3,133 m
Senegal
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed feature near Nepen Diakha 581 m
Serbia
lowest point: NA
highest point: Midzor 2,169 m
Seychelles
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Morne Seychellois 905 m
Sierra Leone
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Loma Mansa (Bintimani) 1,948 m
Singapore
lowest point: Singapore Strait 0 m
highest point: Bukit Timah 166 m
Slovakia
lowest point: Bodrok River 94 m
highest point: Gerlachovsky Stit 2,655 m
Slovenia
lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point: Triglav 2,864 m
Solomon Islands
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Makarakomburu 2,447 m
Somalia
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Shimbiris 2,416 m
South Africa
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Njesuthi 3,408 m
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
lowest point: Atlantic
Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m
Southern Ocean
lowest point: -7,235 m at the southern end of the
South Sandwich Trench
highest point: sea level 0 m
Spain
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Pico de Teide (Tenerife) on Canary Islands 3,718 m
Spratly Islands
lowest point: South China Sea 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Southwest Cay 4 m
Sri Lanka
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Pidurutalagala 2,524 m
Sudan
lowest point: Red Sea 0 m
highest point: Kinyeti 3,187 m
Suriname
lowest point: unnamed location in the coastal plain -2 m
highest point: Juliana Top 1,230 m
Svalbard
lowest point: Arctic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Newtontoppen 1,717 m
Swaziland
lowest point: Great Usutu River 21 m
highest point: Emlembe 1,862 m
Sweden
lowest point: reclaimed bay of Lake Hammarsjon, near
Kristianstad -2.41 m
highest point: Kebnekaise 2,111 m
Switzerland
lowest point: Lake Maggiore 195 m
highest point: Dufourspitze 4,634 m
Syria
lowest point: unnamed location near Lake Tiberias -200 m
highest point: Mount Hermon 2,814 m
Taiwan
lowest point: South China Sea 0 m
highest point: Yu Shan 3,952 m
Tajikistan
lowest point: Syr Darya (Sirdaryo) 300 m
highest point: Qullai Ismoili Somoni 7,495 m
Tanzania
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Kilimanjaro 5,895 m
Thailand
lowest point: Gulf of Thailand 0 m
highest point: Doi Inthanon 2,576 m
Timor-Leste
lowest point: Timor Sea, Savu Sea, and Banda Sea 0 m
highest point: Foho Tatamailau 2,963 m
Togo
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Agou 986 m
Tokelau
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Tonga
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Kao Island 1,033 m
Trinidad and Tobago
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: El Cerro del Aripo 940 m
Tunisia
lowest point: Shatt al Gharsah -17 m
highest point: Jebel ech Chambi 1,544 m
Turkey
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Ararat 5,166 m
Turkmenistan
lowest point: Vpadina Akchanaya -81 m; note -
Sarygamysh Koli is a lake in northern Turkmenistan with a water
level that fluctuates above and below the elevation of Vpadina
Akchanaya (the lake has dropped as low as -110 m)
highest point: Gora Ayribaba 3,139 m
Turks and Caicos Islands
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Blue Hills 49 m
Tuvalu
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Uganda
lowest point: Lake Albert 621 m
highest point: Margherita Peak on Mount Stanley 5,110 m
Ukraine
lowest point: Black Sea 0 m
highest point: Hora Hoverla 2,061 m
United Arab Emirates
lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point: Jabal Yibir 1,527 m
United Kingdom
lowest point: The Fens -4 m
highest point: Ben Nevis 1,343 m
United States
lowest point: Death Valley -86 m
highest point: Mount McKinley 6,198 m
United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges
lowest point: Pacific
Ocean 0 m
highest point: Baker Island, unnamed location - 8 m; Howland Island,
unnamed location - 3 m; Jarvis Island, unnamed location - 7 m;
Johnston Atoll, Sand Island - 10 m; Kingman Reef, unnamed location -
less than 2 m; Midway Islands, unnamed location - 13 m; Palmyra
Atoll, unnamed location - 3 m
Uruguay
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Cerro Catedral 514 m
Uzbekistan
lowest point: Sariqarnish Kuli -12 m
highest point: Adelunga Toghi 4,301 m
Vanuatu
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Tabwemasana 1,877 m
Venezuela
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Pico Bolivar (La Columna) 5,007 m
Vietnam
lowest point: South China Sea 0 m
highest point: Fan Si Pan 3,144 m
Virgin Islands
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Crown Mountain 475 m
Wake Island
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 6 m
Wallis and Futuna
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Singavi 765 m
West Bank
lowest point: Dead Sea -408 m
highest point: Tall Asur 1,022 m
Western Sahara
lowest point: Sebjet Tah -55 m
highest point: unnamed elevation 805 m
World
lowest point: Bentley Subglacial Trench -2,540 m
note: in the oceanic realm, Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench is
the lowest point, lying -10,924 m below the surface of the Pacific
Ocean
highest point: Mount Everest 8,850 m
Yemen
lowest point: Arabian Sea 0 m
highest point: Jabal an Nabi Shu'ayb 3,760 m
Zambia
lowest point: Zambezi river 329 m
highest point: unnamed location in Mafinga Hills 2,301 m
Zimbabwe
lowest point: junction of the Runde and Save rivers 162 m
highest point: Inyangani 2,592 m
This page was last updated on 18 December 2008
======================================================================
@2021 Natural hazards
Afghanistan
damaging earthquakes occur in Hindu Kush mountains;
flooding; droughts
Albania
destructive earthquakes; tsunamis occur along southwestern
coast; floods; drought
Algeria
mountainous areas subject to severe earthquakes; mudslides
and floods in rainy season
American Samoa
typhoons common from December to March
Andorra
avalanches
Angola
locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau
Anguilla
frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to
October)
Antarctica
katabatic (gravity-driven) winds blow coastward from the
high interior; frequent blizzards form near the foot of the plateau;
cyclonic storms form over the ocean and move clockwise along the
coast; volcanism on Deception Island and isolated areas of West
Antarctica; other seismic activity rare and weak; large icebergs may
calve from ice shelf
Antigua and Barbuda
hurricanes and tropical storms (July to
October); periodic droughts
Arctic Ocean
ice islands occasionally break away from northern
Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland
and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually
ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure
icing from October to May
Argentina
San Miguel de Tucuman and Mendoza areas in the Andes
subject to earthquakes; pamperos are violent windstorms that can
strike the pampas and northeast; heavy flooding
Armenia
occasionally severe earthquakes; droughts
Aruba
hurricanes; lies outside the Caribbean hurricane belt and is
rarely threatened
Ashmore and Cartier Islands
surrounded by shoals and reefs that can
pose maritime hazards
Atlantic Ocean
icebergs common in Davis Strait, Denmark Strait, and
the northwestern Atlantic Ocean from February to August and have
been spotted as far south as Bermuda and the Madeira Islands; ships
subject to superstructure icing in extreme northern Atlantic from
October to May; persistent fog can be a maritime hazard from May to
September; hurricanes (May to December)
Australia
cyclones along the coast; severe droughts; forest fires
Austria
landslides; avalanches; earthquakes
Azerbaijan
droughts
Bahamas, The
hurricanes and other tropical storms cause extensive
flood and wind damage
Bahrain
periodic droughts; dust storms
Bangladesh
droughts, cyclones; much of the country routinely
inundated during the summer monsoon season
Barbados
infrequent hurricanes; periodic landslides
Belarus
NA
Belgium
flooding is a threat along rivers and in areas of reclaimed
coastal land, protected from the sea by concrete dikes
Belize
frequent, devastating hurricanes (June to November) and
coastal flooding (especially in south)
Benin
hot, dry, dusty harmattan wind may affect north from December
to March
Bermuda
hurricanes (June to November)
Bhutan
violent storms from the Himalayas are the source of the
country's name, which translates as Land of the Thunder Dragon;
frequent landslides during the rainy season
Bolivia
flooding in the northeast (March-April)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
destructive earthquakes
Botswana
periodic droughts; seasonal August winds blow from the
west, carrying sand and dust across the country, which can obscure
visibility
Bouvet Island
NA
Brazil
recurring droughts in northeast; floods and occasional frost
in south
British Indian Ocean Territory
NA
British Virgin Islands
hurricanes and tropical storms (July to
October)
Brunei
typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are rare
Bulgaria
earthquakes, landslides
Burkina Faso
recurring droughts
Burma
destructive earthquakes and cyclones; flooding and landslides
common during rainy season (June to September); periodic droughts
Burundi
flooding, landslides, drought
Cambodia
monsoonal rains (June to November); flooding; occasional
droughts
Cameroon
volcanic activity with periodic releases of poisonous gases
from Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun volcanoes
Canada
continuous permafrost in north is a serious obstacle to
development; cyclonic storms form east of the Rocky Mountains, a
result of the mixing of air masses from the Arctic, Pacific, and
North American interior, and produce most of the country's rain and
snow east of the mountains
Cape Verde
prolonged droughts; seasonal harmattan wind produces
obscuring dust; volcanically and seismically active
Cayman Islands
hurricanes (July to November)
Central African Republic
hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds affect
northern areas; floods are common
Chad
hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds occur in north; periodic
droughts; locust plagues
Chile
severe earthquakes; active volcanism; tsunamis
China
frequent typhoons (about five per year along southern and
eastern coasts); damaging floods; tsunamis; earthquakes; droughts;
land subsidence
Christmas Island
the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can
be a maritime hazard
Clipperton Island
NA
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
cyclone season is October to April
Colombia
highlands subject to volcanic eruptions; occasional
earthquakes; periodic droughts
Comoros
cyclones possible during rainy season (December to April);
Le Kartala on Grand Comore is an active volcano
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
periodic droughts in south; Congo
River floods (seasonal); in the east, in the Great Rift Valley,
there are active volcanoes
Congo, Republic of the
seasonal flooding
Cook Islands
typhoons (November to March)
Coral Sea Islands
occasional tropical cyclones
Costa Rica
occasional earthquakes, hurricanes along Atlantic coast;
frequent flooding of lowlands at onset of rainy season and
landslides; active volcanoes
Cote d'Ivoire
coast has heavy surf and no natural harbors; during
the rainy season torrential flooding is possible
Croatia
destructive earthquakes