COAL.
The Age of Coal—Plants of the Carboniferous Age—Hugh
Miller’s Description of a Coal Forest—Vast Time required
for the Formation of the Coal-fields—Derangements and
Dislocations—Faults—Their Disadvantages and Advantages—
Bituminous Coals—Anthracites—Our Black Diamonds—
Advantageous Position of our Coal-Mines—The South Welsh
Coal-field—Great Central and Manchester Coal-fields—The
Whitehaven Basin and the Dudley Area—Newcastle and
Durham Coal-fields—Costly Winnings—A Ball in a Coal-pit—
Submarine Coal Mines—Newcastle—View from Tynemouth
Priory—Hewers—Cutting Machines—Putters—Onsetters—
Shifters—Trapper-boys—George Stephenson—Rise of Coal
Production—Probable Duration of our Supply—Prussian Coal
Mines—Belgian Coal Mines—Coal Mines in various other
countries—Maunch Chunck 390