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Northern Nut Growers
Association
_INCORPORATED_
Affiliated with
The American Horticultural Society
Thirty-fourth Annual Report
1943
CONTENTS
Officers and committees 3
State Vice-Presidents 4
List of members 5
Constitution 18
By-Laws 19
Foreword--W. C. Deming 20
Report of the Secretary for 1942-43 20
Report of the Treasurer for 1942-43 21
The Status of Nut Growing in 1943. Survey Report 22
John Davidson, Chairman of Committee.
Side-lights on the 1943-44 Survey 47
Seasonal Zone Map of United States 51
Juglone: The active Agent in Walnut Toxicity--George A. Gries 52
Possible Black Walnut Toxicity on Tomato and Cabbage--Otto
Reinking 56
Preliminary Studies on Catkin Forcing and Pollen Storage of Corylus
and Juglans--L. G. Cox 58
Storage and Germination of Nuts of Several Species of Juglans--W.
C. Muenscher and Babette I. Brown 61
A Key to Some Seedlings of Walnuts (Juglans)--W. C. Muenscher
and Babette I. Brown 62
Further Tests with Black Walnut Varieties--L. H. MacDaniels and
J. E. Wilde 64
Shelling Black Walnuts--G. J. Korn 83
Better Butternuts, Please--S. H. Graham 85
The Use of Fertilizer in a Walnut Orchard--L. K. Hostetter 88
Lime and Fertilizers for our Black Walnut Trees--Seward Berhow 89
The Propagation of Black Walnuts through Budding--Sterling
Smith 89
Northern Nut Growing--Joseph Gerardi 91
Nut Puttering in an Off Year--W. C. Deming 94
Nut Nursery Notes--H. F. Stoke 96
Report from the Tennessee Valley--Thomas G. Zarger 98
Report from Minnesota--Carl Weschcke 99
Be Thrifty with Nut Trees--Carl Weschcke 104
Report of Season 1943--George Hebden Corsan 105
American Walnut Manufacturers Association Carries out Industrial
Forestry Program--W. C. Finley 106
The Crath Carpathian Walnut in Illinois--A. S. Colby 107
Ohio Nut Growers' Meeting--G. J. Korn 110
Walnut and Heartnut Varieties; Notes and Remarks--J. U. Gellatly 112
Letters 116
Experiment Station Investigates Tree Believed to be the Oldest
Chestnut in Connecticut 120
Report of Committee of Ohio Nut Growers--A. A. Bungart 122
Dr. John Harvey Kellogg--Obituary 126
OFFICERS OF THE ASSOCIATION
_President_--CARL WESCHCKE, 96 SOUTH WABASHA ST., ST. PAUL, MINN.
_Vice-President_--DR. L. H. MACDANIELS, CORNELL UNIVERSITY,
ITHACA, N.Y.
_Secretary_--GEORGE L. SLATE, EXPERIMENT STATION, GENEVA, N.Y.
_Treasurer_--D. C. SNYDER, CENTER POINT, IOWA.
_DIRECTORS_
THE OFFICERS--and J. F. WILKINSON, ROCKPORT, INDIANA, and DR. A. S.
COLBY, UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, URBANA, ILLINOIS.
_COMMITTEES_
_Auditing_--DR. WILLIAM ROHRBACHER, CHAIRMAN.
_Finance_--CARL F. WALKER, CHAIRMAN, ZENAS H. ELLIS, HARRY R. WEBER.
_Press and Publication_--DR. W. C. DEMING, CHAIRMAN, MRS. ALAN
BUCKWALTER, CLARENCE A. REED, GEORGE L. SLATE, DR. L. E. THEISS.
_Varieties and Contest_--ALAN R. BUCKWALTER, CHAIRMAN, JOHN W. HERSHEY,
C. A. REED, D. C. SNYDER, H. F. STOKE.
_Survey_--JOHN DAVIDSON, CHAIRMAN.
_Exhibits_--G. H. CORSAN, CHAIRMAN, GILBERT BECKER, PAUL C. CRATH, S. H.
GRAHAM, HOMER L. JACOBS, G. J. KORN, O. C. LOUNSBERRY, SARGENT H.
WELLMAN.
_Program_--GILBERT BECKER, CHAIRMAN, JOHN BREGGER, SPENCER B. CHASE, DR.
H. L. CRANE, G. J. KORN, J. W. MCKAY, CLARENCE REED, G. H. CORSAN, PROF.
R. B. THOMSON, W. J. STRONG, DR. CONELLY, PROF. WHITE, PROF. DWIGHT.
_Membership_--DR. J. RUSSELL SMITH, CHAIRMAN, L. V. KLINE, SPENCER B.
CHASE, MISS MILDRED JONES, J. F. WILKINSON, MISS AMELIA RIEHL, H. F.
STOKE, S. H. GRAHAM, D. C. SNYDER, CARL WESCHCKE, JOHN W. HERSHEY,
GILBERT BECKER, HARRY R. WEBER.
_DEAN OF THE ASSOCIATION_
DR. ROBERT T. MORRIS, STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT.
_FIELD SECRETARY_
ZENAS H. ELLIS, FAIRHAVEN, VERMONT.
_EDITOR OF PUBLICATIONS_
DR. W. C. DEMING, LITCHFIELD, CONN.
_OFFICIAL JOURNAL_
AMERICAN FRUIT GROWER, 1770 ONTARIO STREET, CLEVELAND, OHIO.
State Vice Presidents
Arkansas Prof. N. F. Drake
Alberta, Canada A. L. Young
British Columbia, Canada J. U. Gellatly
California Will J. Thorpe
Canal Zone L. C. Leighton
Connecticut George D. Pratt, Jr.
District of Columbia L. H. Mitchell
Georgia Walter P. Pike
Illinois Dr. A. S. Colby
Indiana Hon. Hugh D. Wickens
Iowa D. C. Snyder
Kansas Frank E. Borst
Kentucky E. C. Rice
Maine Herman G. Perkins
Maryland Dr. H. L. Crane
Massachusetts Sargent H. Wellman
Mexico Julio Grandjean
Michigan Harry Burgart
Minnesota Carl Weschcke
Missouri Victor H. Schmidt
Nebraska William Caha
New Hampshire Prof. L. P. Latimer
New Jersey A. R. Buckwalter
New York Dr. L. H. MacDaniels
North Carolina D. R. Dunstan
Ohio Harry R. Weber
Ontario, Canada Rev. Paul C. Crath
Oregon C. E. Schuster
Pennsylvania John Rick
Quebec, Canada Dr. R. H. McKibben
Rhode Island Phillip Allen
South America Celedonio V. Pereda
South Carolina John T. Bregger
Tennessee L. V. Kline
Texas Y. D. Carroll
Vermont Zenas H. Ellis
Virginia Dr. J. Russell Smith
Washington Major H. B. Ferris
West Virginia Dr. John E. Cannaday
Wisconsin Marvin Dopkins
Northern Nut Growers Association
Members as of May 19, 1944
ALABAMA
McDaniel, John, McDaniel Nursery Specialties Co., Hartselle
Orr, Lovie, Penn-Orr-McDaniel Orchards, R. No. 1, Danville
Richards, Paul N., R. No. 1, Box 308, Birmingham
ARKANSAS
*Drake, Prof. N. F., Fayetteville.
Johnson, Searles, Japton
Williams, Jerry F., R. No. 1, Viola
CALIFORNIA
Armstrong Nurseries, 408 No. Euclid Ave., Ontario
Gray, G. A., 1507 11th St., Santa Monica
Haig, Dr. Thomas R., 3344 H. St., Sacramento
Kemple, W. H., 222 West Ralston St., Ontario
Meyer, James R., Guayale Research Project, Box 1708, Salinas
Parsons, Chas. E., Felix Gillet Nursery, Nevada City
Thorpe, William J., 3203 Anna St., San Francisco
Welby, Harry S., 500 Buchanan St., Taft
CANADA
Cook, C., 6226 Vine St., Vancouver, B. C.
Corsan, George H., Echo Valley, Islington, Ontario
Crath, Rev. Paul C., R. No. 2, Connington, Ontario
Creed, Fred H., 276 Sandwich St. W., Windsor, Ontario
Filman, O., Aldershot, Ontario
Gellatly, J. U., Westbank, B. C.
Giegerich, H. C., Con-Mine, Yellow Knife, N W T
Housser, Levi, Beamsville, Ontario
* Neilson, Mrs. Ellen, Box 852, Guelph, Ontario
Papple, Elton E., R. No. 3, Gainesville, Ontario
Porter, Gordon, Y.M.C.A., Windsor, Ontario
Somers, Gordon L., 37 London St., Sherbrooke, Quebec
Stephenson, Mrs. J. H., North Bend, B. C.
Trayling, E. J., 509 Richards St., Vancouver, B. C.
Troup, Alex, R. No. 1, Jordon Station, Ontario
Wagner, A. S., Delhi, Ontario
Wood, C. F., c/o Hobbs Glass Limited, 689 Notre Dame St., West
Montreal, P. Q.
Yates, J., 2150 E. 65th Ave., Vancouver, B. C.
Young, A. L., Brooks, Alta.
CANAL ZONE
Leighton, L. C., Box 1452, Cristobal
COLORADO
Colt, W. A., Lyons
Wilder, W. E., 915 West 4th, La Junta
Williams, Erasmus W., P. O. Box 966, Durango
CONNECTICUT
Biology Department, Avon Old Farms, Avon
Coote, Albert W., 1104 Farmington Ave., West Hartford.
David, Alexander M., 480 So. Main St., West Hartford
Dawley, Arthur E., R. No. 1, Norwich
Deming, Dr. W. C., Litchfield
Frueh, Alfred J., West Cornwall or (34 Perry St., N.Y., N.Y.)
* Huntington, A. M., Stanerigg Farms, Bethel
Jennings, Clyde, 30 West Main St., Waterbury
Lehr, Frederick L., 45 Elihu St., Hamden
Lobdell, Mrs. Frank C., 225 Verna Hill Rd., Fairfield
Milde, Karl F., Town Farm Rd., Litchfield
* Morris, Dr. Robert T., RFD., Stamford
* Newmaker, Adolph, R. No. 1, Rockville
Page, Donald T., Box 228, R. No. 1, Danielson
Pratt, George D., Jr., Bridgewater
Rourke, Robert U., R. 1, Pomfret Center, Conn.
Senior, Sam P., R. No. 1, Bridgeport
Walsh, James A., c/o Armstrong Rubber Co., West Haven
White, Heath E., Box 630, Westport
White, George E., R. No. 2, Andover
DELAWARE
Lake, Edward C., Sharpless Rd., Hockessin
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
American Potash Inst., Inc., Librarian, 1155 16th St., N. W., Washington
Bush, Dr. Vannevar, 4901 Hillbrook Lane, Washington
Littlepage, Thomas P., Union Trust Bldg., Washington
Mitchell, Col. Lennard H., 2657 Woodley Rd. N. W., Washington
FLORIDA
Cook, Dr. Ernest A., c/o County Health Dept., Quincy
McDaniel, J. C., Box 1111, Haines City
GEORGIA
Eidson, G. Clyde, 1700 Westwood Ave. S. W., Atlanta
Hunter, H. Reid, 561 Lakeshore Dr. N. E., Atlanta
Skyland Farms, S. C. Noland & C. H. Crawford, Prop., 161 Spring
St. N. W., Atlanta
IDAHO
Dryden, Lynn, Peck
Swayne, Samuel F., Orofino
ILLINOIS
Achenbach, W. N., 410 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago
Adams, James S., R. 1, Hinsdale
Allen, Theodore R., Delavan
Anthony, A. B., R. No. 3, Sterling
Baber, Adin, Kansas
Best, R. B., Eldred
Bolle, Dr. A. C., 324 E. State St., Jacksonville
Bontz, Mrs. Lillian, 161 W. Mass. Ave., Peoria
Bronson, Earl A., 800 Simpson St., Evanston
Churchill, Woodford M., 4250 Drexel Blvd., Chicago
Colby, Dr. Arthur S., University of Illinois, Urbana
Colehour, Francis H., 411 Brown Bldg., Rockford
Dintelman, L. F., Belleville
Duis, J. G., Shattuc
Edmunds, Mrs. Palmer D., La Hogue
Frey, Mrs. Frank H., 2315 West 108th Place, Chicago
Frey, Frank H., 2315 West 108th Place, Chicago
Frierdich, Fred, 3907 W. Main St., Belleville
Gerardi, Joseph, O'Fallon
Gott, Lawrence E., P. O. Box No. 104, Enfield
Gusler, Carl, 213 N. Taylor Ave., Oak Park
Haeseler, L. M., 1959 W. Madison St., Chicago
Helmle, Herman C., 123 N. Walnut St., Springfield
Jungk, Adolph, 817 Washington Ave., Alton
Kilner, F. R., c/o American Nurseryman, 508 So. Dearborn St., Chicago
Kinsel, Dr. O. A., Box 53, Morrison
Knobloch, Miss Margaret, Arthur
Kreider, Ralph, Jr., Hammond
Livermore, Ogden, 801 Forest Ave., Evanston
Logan, George F., Dallas City
Love, W. Wray, 601 E. Boone St., Salem
Maxwell, Leroy O., 312 W. Avondale St., Champaign
Oakes, Royal, Bluffs
Peterson, Dr. Joel A., 602 University Ave., Urbana
Powell, Charles A., Hickory St., Jerseyville
Remaly, Howard A., 1120 E. Maple St., Kankakee
Riehl, Miss Amelia, Evergreen Heights, Godfrey
Trobaugh, Frank E., West Frankfort
Valley Landscape Co., Box 688, Elgin
Van Cleave, Bruce, 1049 Chatfield Rd., Winnetka
Walantas, John, 3464 Lituanica Ave., Chicago
Werner, Edward H., 282 Ridgeland Ave., Elmhurst
Whitford, A. M., Farina
INDIANA
Behr, J. E., Laconia
Boyer, Clyde C., Nabb
Gentry, Herbert M., R. No. 2, Noblesville
Minton, Charles F., R. No. 5, Huntington
Morey, B. F., 453 S. 5th St., Clinton
Olson, Albert L., 1230 Nuttman Ave., Fort Wayne
Prell, Carl F., 803 West Colfax Ave., South Bend
Skinner, Dr. Chas. H., Indiana University, Bloomington
Sly, Donald R., R. No. 3, Rockport
Tormohlen, Willard, 321 Cleveland St., Gary
Wallick, Ford, R. No. 4, Peru
Warren, E. L., New Richmond
Wilkinson, J. F., Indiana Nut Nursery, Rockport
IOWA
Andrew, Dr. Earl V., Maquoketa
Beeghly, Dale, Pierson
Berhow, S., Berhow Nurseries, Huxley
Boice, R. H., R. 1, Nashua
Cerveny, Frank L., R. No. 4, Cedar Rapids
Christensen, Everett G., Gilmore City
Crumley, Joe F., 221 Park Rd., Iowa City
Ferris, Wayne, Hampton
Gardner, Clark, c/o Gardner Nurseries, Osage
Harrison, L. E., Nashua
Hill, Clarence S., Hilburn Stock Farm, Minburn
Huen, E. F., Eldora
Iowa State Horticultural Society, State House, Des Moines
Kivell, Ivan E., R. No. 3, Greene
Lehmann, F. W., Jr., 3220 John Lynde Rd., Des Moines
Lounsberry, C. C., 209 Howard Ave., Ames
Mahon, Milton, Blakesburg
McLeran, Harold F., Mt. Pleasant
Rohrbacher, Dr. Wm., 811 East College St., Iowa City
Schlagenbusch Bros., R. No. 3, Ft. Madison
Schlanbusch, Dr. O. E., 350 Magowan Ave., Iowa City
Snyder, D. C., Center Point
Steffen, R. F., Box 62, Sioux City
Van Meter, W. L., Adel
Wade, Miss Ida May, 1410 Avalon Ave., Waterloo
Wingert, John O., Dallas Center
Wood, Roy A., Castana
KANSAS
Borst, Frank E., 1704 Shawnee St., Leavenworth
Boyd, Elmer, R. No. 1, Box 95, Oskaloosa
Funk, M. D., 1501 N. Tyler St., Topeka
Hofman, Rayburn, R. No. 5, Manhattan
Leavenworth Nurseries, R. No. 3, Leavenworth
Schroeder, Emmett H., 800 W. 17th, Hutchinson
Wise, H. S., 579 W. Douglas Ave., Wichita
KENTUCKY
Alves, Robert H., c/o Nehi Bottling Co., Henderson
Baughn, Cullie, R. No. 6, Box 1, Franklin
Bureau of School Service, University of Kentucky, Lexington
Cornett, Lester, Box 566, Lynch
Gooch, Perry, R. No. 1, Oakville
Moss, Dr. C. A., Williamsburg
Rice, E. C., Absher
Tatum, W. G., No. R. 4, Lebanon
Watt, R. M., R. No. 1, Lexington
Whittinghill, Lonnie M., Box 10, Love
LOUISIANA
Fullilove, J. Hill., Box 157, Shreveport
Louisiana State University and A. & M. College, General Library, University
MAINE
Pike, Radcliffe B., Lubec
MARYLAND
Crane, Dr. H. L., Bureau of Plant Industry Station, Beltsville
Gravatt, Dr. G. F., Forest Pathology, Plant Industry, USDA, Beltsville
Hodgson, Wm. C., R. No. 1, White Hall
Hoopes, Wilmer, Forest Hill
Kemp, Homer S., Bountiful Ridge Nurseries, Princess Anne
Kingsville Nurseries, Kingsville
Lewis, Dean, Bel Air
McCollum, Blaine, White Hall
McKay, J. W., Bureau of Plant Industry Station, Beltsville
Nogus, Mrs. Herbert, 4514 32nd St., Mt. Rainier
Porter, John J., 1199 The Terrace, Hagerstown
Purnell, J. Edgar, Spring Hill Rd., Salisbury
Reed, C. A., Bureau of Plant Industry Station, Beltsville
Shamer, Dr. Maurice E., 3300 W. North Ave., Baltimore
MASSACHUSETTS
Allen, Edward E., Hotel Ambassador, Cambridge
Beauchamp, A. A., 603 Boylston St., Boston
Booson, Campbell, 30 State St., Boston
Brown, Daniel L., 60 State St., Boston
Chatterton, R. M., 44 Cedar St., Malden
Fitts, Walter H., 39 Baker St., Foxboro
Fritze, E., Osterville
Garlock, Mott A., 17 Arlington Rd., Longmeadow
Gauthier, Louis R., Wood Hill Rd., Monson
Groff, George H., 46 Chestnut St., Brookline
Kaan, Dr. Helen W., Wellesley College, Wellesley
Kendall, Henry P., Moose Hill Farm, Sharon
Kibrick, I. S., 106 Main St., Brockton
LaBeau, Henry A., 1556 Massachusetts Ave., North Adams
McTavish, W. C., 50 Congress St., Boston
Perells, Walter J., North-Falmouth
Rice, Horace J., 5 Elm St., Springfield
*Russell, Mrs. Newton H., 12 Burnett Ave., South Hadley
Swartz, H. P., 206 Checopee St., Checopee
Short, I. W., 299 Washington St., Taunton
Stewart, O. W., 75 Milton Ave., Hyde Park
Trudeau, Dr. A. E., 14 Railroad St., Holyoke
Van Meter, Dr. R. A., French Hall, M. S. C., Amherst
Wellman, Sargent H., Windridge, Topsfield
Westcott, Samuel K., 79 Richview Ave., North Adams
Weston Nurseries, Inc., Brown & Winter Sts., Weston
Weymouth, Paul W., 183 Plymouth St., Holbrook
MEXICO
Grandjean, Julio, P. O. Box 748, Mexico, D. F.
MICHIGAN
Andersen, Charles, Andersen Evergreen Nurseries, Scottville
Aylesworth, C. F., 920 Pinecrest Dr., Ferndale
Barlow, Alfred L., 13079 Flanders Ave., Detroit, 5
Becker, Gilbert, Climax
Binder, Charles, 34 E. Michigan Ave., Battle Creek
Boylan, P. B., Cloverdale
Bradley, L. J., R. No. 1, Springport
Buell, Dr. M. F., Dept. of Health & Recreation, Dearborn
Bumler, Malcolm R., 1089 Lakeview, Detroit
Burgart, Harry, Michigan Nut Nursery, R. No. 2, Union City
Burgess, E. H., Burgess Seed & Plant Co., Galesburg
Cardinell, H. A., Michigan State College, E. Lansing
Corsan, H. H., R. No. 1, Hillsdale
Daubenmeyer, H., 7647 Sylvester, Detroit
Emerson, Ralph, 161 Cortland Ave., Highland Park, 3
Farrington, Robert A., Chittenden Nursery, U. S. F. A., Wellston
Gage, Nina M., 6440 Kensington Rd., Wixom
Hay, Francis H., Ivanhoe Place, Lawrence
Healey, Scott, R. No. 2, Otsego
Hewetson, Prof. F. N., Michigan State College, East Lansing
**Kellogg, W. K., Battle Creek
Korn, G. J., R. No. 1, Richland
Lee, Michael, Lapeer
Lemke, Edwin W., 2432 Townsend Ave., Detroit, 14
Lewis, Clayton A., 1219 Pine St., Port Huron
Mann, Charles W., 221 Cutler St., Allegan
Mason, Harold E., 1580 Montie, Lincoln Park
McShane, Gerald, 1320 Franklin St. S. E., Grand Rapids
McMillan, Vincent U., 17926 Woodward Ave., Detroit, 3
Miller, Louis, 1300 O'Keefe, Cassopolis
Ricker, John E., 14642 Marlowe Ave., Detroit
Scofield, Mr. and Mrs., Box 215, Woodland
Stocking, Frederick N., Harrisville
Stotz, Raleigh R., 1546 Franklin S. E., Grand Rapids, 6
Tate, D. L., 959 Westchester Way, Birmingham
Wise, C. E., R. No. 3, Milford
MINNESOTA
Andrews, Miss Frances E., 48 Park View Terrace, Minneapolis
Cothran, John C., 512 N. 19th Ave. E., Duluth
Grosch, Robert H., 2732 Drew Ave. S., Minneapolis
Hodgson, R. E., Dept. of Agriculture, S. E. Exp. Station, Waseca
Skrukrud, Baldwin, Sacred Heart
Vaux, Harold C., R. No. 4, Faribault
Weschcke, Carl, 96 So. Wabasha St., St. Paul
MISSOURI
Barnes, Dr. F. M., Jr., 4952 Maryland Ave., St. Louis
Bucksath, Charles E., Dalton
Fisher, J. B., R. R. H. 1, Pacific
Hay, Leander, Gilliam
Johns, Jeannette F., R. No. 1, Festus
Ochs, C. T., Box 291, Salem
Owen, Dr. Lyle, Branson
Richterkessing, Ralph, R. No. 1, St. Charles
Schmidt, Victor H., 5821 Virginia, Kansas City
Stevenson, Hugh, Elsberry
Thompson, J. D., 600 West 3rd St., Kansas City
NEBRASKA
Brand, George, R. No. 5, Box 60, Lincoln
Caha, William, Wahoo
Clark, Ivan E., Concord
DeLong, F. S., 1510 2nd Corso, Nebraska City
Ferguson, Albert B., Dunbar
Hess, Harvey W., The Arrowhead Garden, Box 209, Hebron
Hoyer, L. B., 7554 Maple St., Omaha
Lydick, J. J., Craig
Wever, Francis E., Box 312, Sutherland
White, Bertha G., 7615 Leighton Ave., Lincoln
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Lahti, Matthew, Locust Lane Farm, Wolfeboro
Latimer, Prof. L. P., Department of Horticulture, Durham
Ryan, Miss Agnes, Mill Rd., Durham
Vannevar, Dr. Bush, E. Jaffrey or (4901 Hillbrook Lane, Washington, D. C.)
NEW JERSEY
Blake, Harold, Box 93, Saddle River
Brewer, J. L., 10 Allen Place, Fair Lawn
Bottom, R. J., 41 Robertson Rd., West Orange
Buch, Philip O., 106 Rockaway Ave., Rockaway
Buckwalter, Alan R., Flemington
Buckwalter, Mrs. Alan R., Flemington
Case, Lynn B., Mountain Ave. & Piedmont Dr., Bound Brook
Collins, Joseph N., 769 First St., Westfield
Cumberland Nursery, R. No. 1, Millville
Donnelly, John H., Mountain Ice Co., 51 Newark St., Hoboken
Dougherty, Wm. H., Broadacres-on-Bedens, Box 425, Princeton
Fuhlbruegge, Edward, R. No. 1, Box 21, Pittstown
Gardenier, Dr. Harold C., Westwood
Gottein, Louis, 1081 So. Clinton Ave., Trenton
*Jacques, Lee W., 74 Waverly Place, Jersey City
Jewett, Edmund Gale, R. No. 1, Port Murray
McCulloch, J. D., 73 George St., Freehold
Mueller, R., R. 1, Box 81, Westwood
Ritchie, Walter M., 402 St. George St., Rahway
Rocker, Louis P., The Rocker Farm, Andover
Szalay, Dr. S., 931 Garrison Ave., Teaneck
Terhune, Gilbert V. P., Apple Acres, Newfoundland
Todd, E. Murray, R. No. 2, Matawan
Tolley, Fred C., 223 Berkeley Ave., Bloomfield
Van Doren, Durand H., 310 Redmond Rd., South Orange
White, Co. J. H., Jr., Picatinny Arsenal, Dover
Williams, Harold G., Box 344, Ramsey
Youngberg, Harry W., 304 Hillside Ave., Nutley
NEW MEXICO
Bryan, Lawrence, P. O. Box 1053, Artesia
Williams, Erasmus D., Box No. 6, Wagon Mound
NEW YORK
Benton, William A., Wassaic
Bernath's Nursery, R. No. 1, Poughkeepsie
Bixby, Henry D., East Drive, Halesite, L. I.
Bixby, Mrs. Willard G., 32 Grand Ave., Baldwin
Black, Mrs. William A., 450 W. 24th St., New York
Brinckeroff, John H., 150-09 Hillside Ave., Jamaica
Brook, Victor, 171 Rockingham St., Rochester
Brooks, William G., Monroe
Collins, James F., Cold Spring Rd., Stanfordville
Cowan, Harold, 643 Southern Bldg., The Bronx, New York
Davis, Clair, 140 Broadway, Lynbrook
De Schauensee, Mrs. A. M., Easterhill Farm, Chester
Dutton, Walter, 264 Terrace Park, Rochester
Ellwanger, Mrs. William D., 510 East Ave., Rochester
Fagley, Richard M., 29 Perry St., New York, 14
Feil, Harry, 1270 Hilton-Spencerport Rd., Hilton
Flanigen, Charles F., 16 Greenfield St., Buffalo
Freer, H. J., 20 Midvale Rd., Fairport
Garcia, M., 62 Rugby Rd., Brooklyn
Graham, S. H., R. No. 5, Ithaca
Graves, Dr. Arthur H., Botanic Garden, Brooklyn
Gressel, Henry, R. No. 2, Mohawk
Guillaume, Ronald P., 5210 Maine St., Wmsville
Gwinn, Ralph W., 522 5th Ave., New York
Hasbrouck, Walter, Jr., New Paltz
Heckelman, Edward, 245 S. Franklin St., Hempstead
Hubbell, James F., Mayro Bldg., Utica
Iddings, William, 165 Ludlow St., New York
Kelly, Mortimer B., 17 Battery Place, New York
Kirstein, Edward K., 89 Westminster Rd., Rochester
*Lewis, Clarence, 1000 Park Ave., New York
Little, George, Ripley
*MacDaniels, Dr. L. H., Cornell University, Ithaca
Maloney Bros. Nursery Co., Inc., Danville
Mevius, William E., East Church St., Eden
Miller, J. E., R. No. 1, Naples
*Montgomery, Robert H., 1 E. 44th St., New York
Newell, P. F., 53 Elm St., Nassau
Oeder, Dr. Lambert R., 551 Fifth Ave., New York
Ohligor, Louis H., R. No. 2, New City
Phillips, Clyde F., 11 Olive Ave., Batavia
Pickhardt, Dr. Otto C., 117 East 80th St., New York
Pomeroy, Robert Watson, Wassaic
Potter, Wilson, Jr., Pomona Country Club, Suffern
Price, J., 385 Arbuckle Ave., Cedarhurst, L. I.
Rebillard, Frederick, 164 Lark St., Albany
Salzer, George, 169 Garford Rd., Rochester
Schlegel, Charles P., 990 South Ave., Rochester
Schmidt, Carl W., 180 Linwood Ave., Buffalo
Schwartz, Mortimer L., 1243 Boynton Ave., Bronx, New York
Slate, Prof. George L., State Agricultural Experiment Sta., Geneva
Smith, Gilbert L., State School, Wassaic
Smith, Jay L., Chester
Steiger, Harwood, Red Hook
Stern-Montegny, Hubert, Erbonia Farm, Gardiner
Sucsy, Emil J., West Nyack
Warren, Herbert E., P. O. Box 109, Norwich
Wilson, Mrs. Ida J., Candor, New York
Windisch, Richard P., W. E. Burnet & Co., 11 Wall St., New York
*Wissman, Mrs. F. de R., 9 W. 54th St., New York
NORTH CAROLINA
Dunstan, R. T., Greenboro College, Greenboro
Malcolm, Van R., Celo P. O., Yancey County
Parks, C. H., R. No. 2, Asheville
OKLAHOMA
Billups, Richard A., Hales Bldg., Oklahoma City
Clifton, Edward C., 1325 East 66th St., R. No. 2, Tulsa
Hirschi's Nursery, 414 N. Robinson, Oklahoma City
Hughes, C. V., 5600 N. W. 16, R. No. 5, Oklahoma City
Jarrett, C. F., 2208 W. 40th St., Tulsa
Meek, E. B., R. No. 2, Wynnewood
Swan, Oscar E., Jr., 1431 E. 35th St., Tulsa
OHIO
Bungart, A. A., Avon
Cinadr, Mrs. Katherine, 13514 Coath Ave., Cleveland, 20
Cole, Mrs. J. R., 163 Woodland Ave., Columbus
Cook, H. C., R. No. 1, Box 125, Leetonia
Cranz, Eugene F., Mount Tom Farm, Ira
Crooks, John L., 4600 Chester, Cleveland
Davidson, John, 234 E. 2nd St., Xenia
Diller, Oliver D., Dept. of Forestry, Experiment Sta., Wooster
Dubois, Wilber, & Son, Madisonville, Cincinnati, 27
Emeh, Frank, Genoa
Fickes, W. R., R. No. 1, Wooster
Franks, M. L., R. No. 1, Montpelier
Garden Center of Greater Cleveland, 1190 East Blvd., Cleveland
Gauly, Dr. Edward, 1110 Euclid Ave., Cleveland
Gerber, E. P., Kidron
Gerhardt, Gustave A., 13125 Jefferson Ave., Cincinnati
Gerstenmafer, John A., 18 Pond S. W., Massillon
Hoch, Gordon F., 6292 Glade Ave., Cincinnati
Hill, Dr. Albert A., 4187 Pearl Rd., Cleveland
Irish, Charles F., 418 105th St., Cleveland
Jacobs, Homer L., c/o Davey Tree Expert Co., Kent
Jacobs, Mason, 3003 Jacobs Rd., Youngstown
Kappel, Owen, Bolivar
Kintzel, Frank M., 2506 Briarcliffe Ave., Cincinnati, 13
Kirby, R. L., Box 131, R. No. 1, Sharonville
Kratzer, George, Kidron
Lacknett, G. S., 510 E. Main St., Newark
Lehmann, Carl, Union Trust Bldg., Cincinnati
Madison, Arthur E., 13608 5th Ave. E., Cleveland
McBride, William B., 2398 Brandon Rd., Columbus, 8
Meikle, William J., 730 Thornhill Dr., Cleveland
Metzger, A. J., 724 Euclid Ave., Toledo
Ochs, C. T., Box 291, Salem
Ochs, Norman M., R. No. 2, Brunswick
Osborn, Frank C., 4040 W. 160th St., Cleveland
Ransbottom, Earl A., 1057 W. Market St., Lima
Scarff's Sons, W. N., New Carlisle
Shelton, E. M., 1468 W. Clifton Blvd., Lakewood, 7
Shessler, Sylvester M., Genoa
Silvis, Raymond E., 1725 Lindberg Ave. N. E., Massillon
Smith, Sterling A., 630 W. South St., Vermillion
Spring Hill Nurseries Co., Tipp City
Toops, Herbert A., 1430 Cambridge Blvd., Columbus
Van Voorhis, J. F., 215 Hudson Ave., Apt. B-1, Newark
Walker, Carl F., 2351 E. Overlook Rd., Cleveland
*Weber, Harry R., 123 East 6th St., Cincinnati
Weber, Martha R., R. No. 1, Morgan Rd., Cloves
Willett, Dr. G. P., Elmore
Wischhusen, J. F., 15031 Shore Acres Dr. N. E., Cleveland
OREGON
Carlton Nursery Co., Carlton
Doharian, S. H., P. O. Box 346, Eugene
Flanagan, George C., 909 Terminal Sales Bldg., Portland
Miller, John E., R. No. 1, Box 312-A, Oswego
Russ, E., R. No. 1, Halsey
Schuster, C. E., Horticulturist, Corvallis
PENNSYLVANIA
Allaman, R. P., R. No. 1, Harrisburg
Allen, Lt. Col. Thomas H., St. Thomas
Banks, H. C., R. No. 1, Hollortown
Barnhart, Emmert M., R. No. 4, Waynesboro
Baum, Dr. F. L., Boyertown
Beard, H. K., R. No. 1, Sheridan
Blair, Dr. G. D., 702 N. Homewood Ave., Pittsburgh
Bowen, John C., R. No. 1, Macungie
Brenneman, John E., R. No. 6, Lancaster
Brown, Morrison, Carson Long Military Academy, New Bloomfleld
Creasy, Luther P., Catawissa
Dewey, Richard, Box 41, Peckville
Driver, Warren M., R. No. 4, Bethlehem
Diefenderfer, C. E., 918 3rd St., Fullerton
Duckham, William C., R. No. 2, Allison Park
Ebling, Aaron L., R. No. 2, Reading
Ellenberger, Herman A., 333 S. Burrows St., State College
Etter, Fayette, P. O. Box 57, Lemasters
Gebhardt, F. C., 140 East 29th St., Erie
Heckler, George Snyder, Hatfield
Heilman, R. H., 2303 Beechwood Blvd., Pittsburgh
Hershey, John W., Nut Tree Nurseries, Downingtown
High Tor Nursery, R. No. 6, Pittsburgh
Hostetter, C. F., Bird-In-Hand
Hostetter, L. K., R. No. 3, Lancaster
Jackson, Schuyler, New Hope
Johnson, Robert F., R. No. 5, Box 56, Crafton
Jones, Dr. Truman W., Coatesville
Jones, Miss Mildred, P. O. Box 356, Lancaster
Kaufman, M. M., Clarion
Kirk, DeNard B., Forest Grove
Kline, Dr. Florence M., 909 Arlington Apts., Corner Acken and Center
Aves., Pittsburgh
Leach, Will, Court House, Scranton
Long, Carleton C., 141 Walnut St., Beaver
Losch, Walter, 133 E. High St., Topston
Lutz, Stanley W., Egypt
Mattoon, H. Gleason, 1008 Commercial Trust Bldg., Philadelphia
McCartney, T. Lupton, Room 1, Horticultural Bldg., State College
Miller, Robert O., 3rd and Ridge St., Emmaus
Moyer, Philip S., Union Trust Bldg., Harrisburg
Owens, G. F., 700 E. Line Ave., Ellwood City
Reidler, Paul G., Ashland
Rial, John, 528 Harrison Ave., Greensburg
*Rick, John, 439 Pennsylvania Sq., Reading
Ruch, George, Huntingdon Valley
Rupp, Edward E., Jr., 57 W. Pomfret St., Carlisle
Sameth, Sigmund, Grandeval Farm, R. No. 3, Kutztown
Schaible, Percy, Upper Black Eddy
Schmidt, Albert J., 534 Smithfield St., Pittsburgh
Siebley, J. W., Star Route, Landisburg
Shelly, David B., R. No. 2, Elizabethtown
Silin, I. J., Echo Mountain, Fairview
Smith, Dr. J. Russell, 550 Elm Ave., Swarthmore
Southampton Nurseries, Southampton
Stoebener, Harry W., 6227 Penn. Ave., Pittsburgh
Theiss, Dr. Lewis E., Bucknell University, Lewisburg
Waggoner, Charles W., 432 Harmony Ave., Rochester
*Wister, John C., Clarkson Ave. and Wister St., Germantown
Wood, Wayne, R. No. 1, Newville
Wright, Ross Pier, 235 West 6th St., Eric
RHODE ISLAND
**Allen, Philip, 178 Dorance St., Providence
R. I. State College, Library Dept., Green Hall, Kingston
SOUTH AMERICA
Pereda, Celedonia V., Arroyo 1142, Buenos Aires, Argentina
SOUTH CAROLINA
Bregger, John T., Clemson
SOUTH DAKOTA
Bradley, Homer L., Lacreek National Wildlife Refuge, Martin
TENNESSEE
Chase, Capt. Spencer B., Hqs. Det. Sta. Camp, Camp Tyson
Kirk, Charles H., Oak Ridge
Howell Nurseries, Sweetwater
McDaniel, J. C., P. O. Box 331, Brownsville
Rhodes, G. B., R. 2, Covington
Zarger, Thomas G., Norris
TEXAS
Carroll, Y. D., 2093 McFadden St., Beaumont
Florida, Kaufman, Box 154, Rotan
Price, W. S., Jr., Gustine
UTAH
Oleson, Granville, 1210 Laird Ave., Salt Lake City, 5
Petterson, Harlan D., 2164 Jefferson Ave., Ogden
VERMONT
Aldrich, A. W., R. No. 3, Springfield
*Ellis, Zenas H., Fair Haven
Foster, Forest K., West Topsham
VIRGINIA
Acker, E. D., Co., Broadway
Brewster, Stanley II., "Cerro Cordo," Gainesville
Burton, Geo. L., 728 College St., Bedford
Carey, Graham, Fair Haven
Dickerson, T. C., 316 56th St., Newport News
Gibbs, H. R., McLean
Johnson, Dr. Walt R., 2602 B. Monument Ave., Richmond
Landess, S. S., 2103 N. Quantico St., Arlington
Lewis, Pvt. Hewlett W., H. & H. Co., 938 Engr. Avn. Cam. Bn.,
A. A. B., Richmond
Morse, Chandler, Valross, R. No. 5, Alexandria
Nix, Robert W., Jr., Lucketts
Peters, John Rogers, P. O. Box 37, McLean
Pertzoff, Dr. V. A., Carter's Bridge
Stoke, H. F., 1420 Watts Ave., Roanoke
Stoke, Dr. John H., 408-10 Boxley Bldg., Roanoke
Varcity Products Co., 5 Middlebrook Ave., Staunton
Webb, John, Hillsville
Zimmerman, Ruth, Bridgewater
WASHINGTON
Altman, Mrs. H. E., Cedarbrook Nut Farm, Nooksack
Barth, J. H., Box 1827, R. No. 3, Spokane
Carey, Joseph E., 4219 Letona Ave., Seattle
Clark, R. W., 4221 Phinney Ave., Seattle
Denman, George L., 1319 East Nina Ave., Spokane
Ferris, Major Hiram B., P. O. Box 74, Spokane
Kling, William L., R. No. 2, Box 230, Clarkston
Linkletter, F. D., 8034 35th Ave. N. E., Seattle
Lynn Tuttle Nursery, The Heights, Clarkston
Martin, Fred A., Star Route, Chelan
Naderman, G. W., R. No. 1, Box 370, Olympia
Shane Bros., Vashon
Wilson, John A., East 1517 16th Ave., Spokane
WEST VIRGINIA
Cannaday, Dr. John E., Charleston General Hospital, Charleston
Hoover, Wendell W., Webster Springs
Slotkin, Meyer S., 1671 6th Ave., Huntington, 1
WISCONSIN
Aoppler, C W., Box 239, Oconomowoc
Bassett, W. S., 1522 Main St., La Crosse
Dopkins, Marvin, R. No. 1, River Falls
Downs, M. L., 1024 N. Leminwah St., Appleton
Koelsch, Norman, Jackson
Zinn, Walter G., P. O. Box 747, Milwaukee
*Life Member **Contributing Member
CONSTITUTION
ARTICLE I
_Name_--This Society shall be known as the NORTHERN NUT GROWERS
ASSOCIATION, INCORPORATED.
ARTICLE II
_Object_--Its object shall be the promotion of interest in nut-bearing
plants, their products and their culture.
ARTICLE III
_Membership_--Membership in this society shall be open to all persons
who desire to further nut culture, without reference to place of
residence or nationality, subject to the rules and regulations of the
committee on membership.
ARTICLE IV
_Officers_--There shall be a president, a vice-president, a secretary
and a treasurer, who shall be elected by ballot at the annual meeting;
and a board of directors consisting of six persons, of which the
president, the two last retiring presidents, the vice-president, the
secretary and the treasurer shall be members. There shall be a state
vice-president from each state, dependency, or country represented in
the membership of the association, who shall be appointed by the
president.
ARTICLE V
_Election of Officers_--A committee of five members shall be elected at
the annual meeting for the purpose of nominating officers for the
following year.
ARTICLE VI
_Meetings_--The place and time of the annual meeting shall be selected
by the membership in session or, in the event of no selection being made
at this time, the board of directors shall choose the place and time for
the holding of the annual convention. Such other meetings as may seem
desirable may be called by the president and board of directors.
ARTICLE VII
_Quorum_--Ten members of the Association shall constitute a quorum but
must include two of the four elected officers.
ARTICLE VIII
_Amendments_--This constitution may be amended by a two-thirds vote of
the members present at any annual meeting, notice of such amendment
having been read at the previous annual meeting, or copy of the proposed
amendment having been mailed by any member to each member thirty days
before the date of the annual meeting.
BY-LAWS
ARTICLE I
_Committees_--The Association shall appoint standing committees as
follows: On membership, on finance, on programme, on press and
publication, on exhibits, on varieties and contests, on survey, and an
auditing committee. The committee on membership may make recommendations
to the Association as to the discipline or expulsion of any member.
ARTICLE II
_Fees_--Annual members shall pay two dollars annually. Contributing
members shall pay ten dollars annually. Life members shall make one
payment of fifty dollars and shall be exempt from further dues and shall
be entitled to the same benefits as annual members. Honorary members
shall be exempt from dues. "Perpetual" membership is eligible to any one
who leaves at least five hundred dollars to the Association and such
membership on payment of said sum to the Association shall entitle the
name of the deceased to be forever enrolled in the list of members as
"Perpetual" with the words "In Memoriam" added thereto. Funds received
therefor shall be invested by the Treasurer in interest bearing
securities legal for trust funds in the District of Columbia. Only the
interest shall be expended by the Association. When such funds are in
the treasury the Treasurer shall be bonded. Provided that in the event
the Association becomes defunct or dissolves then, in that event, the
Treasurer shall turn over any funds held in his hands for this purpose
for such uses, individuals or companies that the donor may designate at
the time he makes the bequest or the donation.
ARTICLE III
_Membership_--All annual memberships shall begin October 1st. Annual
dues received from new members after April first shall entitle the new
member to full membership until October first of that year and a credit
of one-half annual dues for the following year.
ARTICLE IV
_Amendments_--By-laws may be amended by a two-thirds vote of members
present at any meeting.
ARTICLE V
Members shall be sent a notification of annual dues at the time they are
due and, if not paid within two months, they shall be sent a second
notice, telling them that they are not in good standing on account of
non-payment of dues and are not entitled to receive the annual report.
At the end of thirty days from the sending of the second notice, a third
notice shall be sent notifying such members that, unless dues are paid
within ten days from the receipt of this notice, their names will be
dropped from the rolls for non-payment of dues.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE NORTHERN NUT GROWERS ASSOCIATION INCORPORATED
For the third time in the forty-four years of our existence our annual
convention has been omitted. Each time this has been due to war
conditions. The first was in 1918, the others in 1942 and 1943. No
report was issued for 1918 but one was compiled for last year, and this
present little volume will show that your members and officers are still
functioning. We have great hope for the future.
An important part of this report is the result of the work of the
Chairman of the Survey Committee, Mr. John Davidson, a good job well
done. Considering the still elementary state of nut growing it is
remarkable--a really immense undertaking. The responses to this survey
show enthusiasm that is encouraging. The war and its emphasis on food
seems to have increased interest in nut culture.
W. C. DEMING.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY FOR 1942-43
The Association has had a successful year in spite of the war and the
cessation of our annual meetings because of the restrictions on wartime
travel. Interest in the Association and nut culture appears to be
well-maintained. The program committee assembled a report for 1942 and
is already working on one for 1943.
During the past year the membership increased from 400 as of August 10,
1942 to 466 as of July 1, 1943. If this rate of increase continues, we
shall pass the 500 mark before the end of 1944. In the 1932 report 134
members were listed and each year since then has shown a substantial
increase.
Accompanying this letter is a questionnaire from the survey committee
which is designed to extract as much information as possible from the
members. The secretary is especially interested in the section on
personal information as it should give some idea as to the interests of
the members and indicate how they may best be served by the officers and
committees. The program committee can also use this information in
preparing programs.
President Weschcke announces that the committees and state
vice-presidents for 1942 will continue for another year.
The membership circulars which contain the list of nut nurseries and a
list of publications on nut culture may be had from the secretary by all
who wish to distribute it.
The sets of reports as now sold lack the report for 1935. The few
remaining copies are being reserved for agricultural libraries. If
members have copies of this report for which they no longer have any use
their return to the secretary's office will be appreciated as it may
make possible the supplying of complete sets to libraries.
Treasurer's Report
REPORT OF THE TREASURER--AUG. 15, 1942 to SEPT. 1, 1943
_Receipts:_
Memberships $774.15
(Philip Allen $10.00)
(Exchange .15)
Sale of Reports 102.85
Sale of Index .75
Sale of Advertising (1941 Report) 5.00
Carl Weschcke Contribution 50.00
-------
$932.75 $932.75
_Disbursements:_
Fruit Grower Subscriptions 71.20
Printing and Mailing 1942 Report 328.37
Reporting 1941 Convention 32.50
Expense of President None
Expense of Secretary 74.02
Expense of Treasurer 26.38
Supplies and Miscellaneous 26.71
-------
$559.18 $559.18
------- -------
Excess of Receipts over Expenditures 373.57
Balance on Hand Aug. 15, 1942 216.05
-------
Balance on Hand Sept. 1, 1943 in North Linn Savings Bank $589.62
D. C. SNYDER, Treasurer
The Status of Nut Growing in 1943
SURVEY REPORT
JOHN DAVIDSON, _Chairman of Committee_
This survey of nut tree growing in the United States and Canada is a
cross section of the industry and has been conducted through the
membership of our Association. Questionnaires were submitted to all
members, of whom a very satisfactory percentage responded with reports
which usually were as complete as the age of the planted trees made
possible. Our thanks are due to all who had the patience to reply to so
searching a questionnaire. Their reward, we hope, will be increased by
nuggets of information from others. The survey committee is indebted to
the officers of the Association, to Mr. Slate particularly, who took
care of the multigraphing and mailing drudgery, and to the experienced
men who lent invaluable aid in formulating and revising the exhaustive
and detailed questions.
The results are here set forth in three sections: Northern United
States, Southern United States and Canadian. It is evident that trees
which do well in the south may act very differently in the north; yet,
to a certain and very important extent, the experience of the south has
a bearing upon conditions in the north. For example, the pawpaw, though
not a nut tree, has seemed to edge itself into the affections and
interest of many nut tree men. It is in reality a tropical fruit which
has adapted itself to northern latitudes. The pecan seems to be trying
to do the same thing. Both illustrate a way of working that nature
practices more or less with all species. By cross pollination and
selection, human hands are having a part in speeding up this process of
adaptation in pecans, Persian walnuts and other tender species. In fact,
this is one of the jobs to which the Association is dedicated.
We wish here to pay tribute to the nurserymen of this Association. Most
nurserymen are intelligent and honest but sometimes they have a tough
time of it. Their worst competitor is a nurseryman who sells seedlings
for named varieties, who advertises widely and prospers upon the work of
others. When we think of the painstaking care of the honest nurseryman,
of his days of drudgery, of the thousands of failed experimental trees
and plants that he destroys, of the service he renders his fellows, we
know that we should make slow progress without his help.
The conscientious worker in the experiment stations is in the same
category. He does his best work largely for love of it.
In addition to many letters and other valuable sources of information
this survey covers reports from more than 150 planters of named
varieties of nut trees. Many are also planters of seedlings from
selected and named varieties with which they are experimenting and from
which they are making selections for future tests. Some are
experimenting with cross pollination. As one example of careful work, we
have now on file blue prints from the New Jersey Department of
Conservation and Development, from Gerald A. Miller, of Trenton, showing
exact locations by name and number of one of the largest variety
collections of hybrid walnut trees in the world. From the Brooklyn
Botanic Gardens, Arthur H. Graves, Curator, we have valuable records of
the breeding of chestnut trees, with selections made primarily for tree
growth and timber production. There is also hope for some good nuts from
the trees. The timber, in money value, is of course more important than
the nuts. If successful, we shall again have both.
It is difficult to interest "hurry-up" Americans in planting trees for
future generations. They want results now. But the sooner we develop
reliable and adaptable fruiting trees for general planting, the sooner
will thousands of people begin to plant trees. The late rapid growth of
membership in this Association shows an awakened interest that could be
swollen into a mighty flood of tree planters if good trees were
available. If there were more agencies like the Tennessee Valley
Authority, more trees of the better sort would be developed. Its tree
crop activities have now been transferred to a "Forest Resources
Division" under the supervision of Mr. W. H. Cummings, and its testing
and selection work is going ahead steadily. Thomas G. Zarger, Jr.,
Botanist, is handling the black walnut work in connection with other
investigations of "Minor Forest Products." The headquarters is at
Norris, Tennessee. Charles V. Kline, now Assistant Chief of the
Watershed Protection Division, still keeps his old interest in the black
walnut and tree crop program. Definite and important results are bound
to follow from so sustained and well organized a project. Most state
agencies complain of lack of appropriations and help. The real trouble
lies in lack of vision and knowledge upon the part of legislators. The
President has proposed an immense program of communications and highway
development as a post-war project. We suggest that fruitful land is
still more important, and that highways through desert countries are
almost unknown except as means for getting from one fruitful land to
another. Perhaps this Association could do more than it has done toward
spreading the gospel among legislatures.
The largest source of contribution to the survey is, of course, from the
Northern United States. For purposes of tabulation, we have included
everything north of Central Tennessee in this class. Nearly one hundred
planters of nut trees contribute their experiences in this section. Of
the lot, only fourteen of them plant trees for sale as nurserymen. Today
we could keep more of them with stocks sold out. Seventy-six are
interested in planting primarily for the production of nuts;
fifty-seven, in grafting and budding trees from named varieties;
forty-five in planting seed from the better varieties, either for
production of stocks upon which to graft or, in large quantities, for
observation and selection. As many as twenty-six are doing important
work in hybridizing. Fifty-one are top-working young trees to better
varieties. Only twenty-one count upon the growth of timber for a part of
their profit. But certainly the growth of timber, especially black
walnut, is not an item to be left out of consideration. Much, here,
depends upon the manner of planting, whether in orchard or forest
formation. However, even in orchard plantings, the stumps alone are
valuable for beautifully patterned veneers.
Fifty-seven correspondents tell us that they are testing standard
varieties, while forty-two are interested in discovering and developing
new varieties, certainly an index to the pioneering and creative urge
which dominates many of our members. As is to be expected, most of our
newer members are thus far feeling their way by growing a few of the
better varieties for home use. Only nine of the whole number say that
they are working with nut trees at an experiment station.
As to the species of trees being planted, black walnut heads the list
with eighty-nine planters. Persian walnuts are next with seventy-three,
including five who specify Carpathians or Circassians. Sixty-eight are
planting Chinese chestnuts, and sixty-four hickories. Filberts and
pecans are tied with fifty planters each; forty-eight say they are
planting hazels; forty-three heartnuts; and forty-two persimmons--if we
may include these trees for the time being among the nuts. Thirty-eight
are planting butternuts; thirty-two, Japanese Walnuts; twenty-eight,
pawpaws; twenty-seven, mulberries; twenty-four, Japanese chestnuts.
After these, in order, come almonds along the southern borders, beech
toward the north, hicans, tree hazels, oaks, Japanese persimmons,
honey-locust, jujube, black locust (the correspondent explains, "for
bees and chickens"), Manchurian walnuts, and finally, coral and service
berries.
As an indication of the adaptation of species and varieties to the
climates in which these men, and several women, are working, they listed
at out request the following native trees found most plentifully in
their sections. Black walnuts and hickories stand at the head of the
list, as reported by seventy-five correspondents each. Then follow in
order, butternuts, hazel, beech, oaks (probably overlooked by many),
pecans and chestnuts.
Of nut trees found sparingly in these sections, butternut trees,
surprisingly, take first place, indicating broad adaptation but a
certain weakness, perhaps a slow susceptibility to blight or fungi,
which prevents this tree from being found plentifully. It is significant
that it is found most plentifully in the more rigorous areas of New
England where fungous ravages are discouraged by cold. Add chinquapins
to the number of scarce trees, and the list is complete.
As a further gauge of climatic conditions, fifty reported that peaches
are reliably hardy in their sections, while fifty said they are not.
This, according to the late Thomas P. Littlepage, is a fairly reliable
index to the climatic adaptability of present varieties of northern
grown pecans. Ninety-two planters reported that their seasons are long
enough to mature Concord grapes. Only four said "no." For Catawba
grapes? "Yes," said forty-two; "No," fourteen. For field corn? "Yes,"
ninety-three; "No," four. This question was improperly asked. Field corn
varies too widely in length of maturity for accuracy in this respect.
Lowest temperatures expected range from 8 deg.F above to 30 deg.F below zero,
with the usual lower range in the greater portion of the northern
states, from zero to 12 deg. below. Lowest known temperatures range all the
way from 10 deg. to 52 deg. below, but in most portions from 15 deg. to 35 deg. below.
Returns indicate that winter injury is not always, nor even usually, the
result of low temperatures but, rather, to the condition in which the
trees enter the winter. If late excessive growth leaves them with wood
not wholly dormant, they suffer. If not, they will stand extraordinary
low temperatures with little or no damage. One way to guard against this
damage is by preventing late growth. A means of doing this will be found
in an important contribution by Mr. H. P. Burgart, of Union City,
Michigan. Mr. Burgart says:
"After 21 years of experience with growing, selling and planting nut
trees, I have had to have a neighbor show me the best way to care
successfully for them. I have studied and practiced Mr. Baad's methods,
and in comparing them with my former practice, and with the practice of
others who have failed with their trees, I will suggest the following
cultural procedure to be given all plantings when possible, and to be
continued for at least three years, or even longer for best nut
production.