_No books are generally more entertaining and instructive, than the
accounts of travels into foreign countries; and especially those, which
are written in the way of_ Journals. _For he, who reads such narratives,
is almost apt to fancy himself in company with the traveler, and to take
part with him in all his adventures; which at the same time that they
shew the peculiar temper, customs, and manners of different nations,
excite also a variety of passions, which by their succession please the
mind, and make the chief delight even in theatrical performances._
_Upon this account it is, that the_ Letters _of_ Busbequius, _during his
embassy in_ Turkey; _and the_ Journies _of our ingenious and learned
countryman Mr._ Maundrell, _thro several parts of the same vast empire,
which he has so accurately described; are repeatedly read, and always
with new pleasure_.
_Therefore, when Mr._ Edmund Chishull, _only Son of the late Reverend_
Mr. Chishull, _who was for some years chaplain to the_ Factory _of our
Worshipful_ Turkey Company _at_ Smyrna, _brought to me not many months
since the present_ Journal _of his Father’s_ Travels, _desiring me to
peruse it, and give him my opinion, whether it was a work worthy to
be published; I could not refuse his request but applied myself with
due care to read and examine it. And I was the more readily induced to
this, as I had thro a course of many years the happiness of a perfect
acquaintance with his father, even from his return home to his death; and
knew him, as well from his conversation, as his writings (particularly
that justly celebrated book of his_ Antiquitates Asiaticae) _to be not
only a man of uncommon learning, but likewise of great sagacity, and
indefatigable diligence_.
_And indeed my pains in the perusal of these papers were very well
rewarded. For besides an agreable amusement common to other writings of
this nature, they gave me very useful instruction as to several passages
in ancient historians, and other classic authors; and at the same time
illustrated many old inscriptions, several of which are now first
published, and others taken with greater exactness, than had been done
formerly._
_Hence I could not but persuade the young Gentleman to oblige the world
with this work, and to have it printed in such a manner, as his freinds
should advise him. Tho I easily foresaw, that the doing of this would
necessarily be attended with some difficulties; as Mr._ Chishull _had put
into writing those occurrences, which he thought worthy of his notice,
at such leisure minutes, as he could snatch from the constant fatigues
of his journey; and by that means had sometimes not only thrown many
things together without exact order, but often left the places cited
from ancient writers to be supplied out of their own works. And besides,
his hand being both small and hasty, was frequently not very easy to be
read; so that many of the words, as to the manner of spelling, appeared
doubtful and uncertain. This made it needful to have the whole first
fairly transcribed, and then to fill up the quotations. The former
task therefore I committed to a professed penman, and the latter I
undertook myself. In the doing of which I not only carefully compared the
transcriber’s copy with the original; but had recourse to the authors
themselves, and took out of them the several passages, to which the
references were made._
_When Mr._ Chishull _left_ England, _he was fellow of_ Corpus Christi
_college in_ Oxford, _and had a grant of the traveler’s place from the
president and society. He set sail from the_ Downs _September the 12,
1698, in the_ Neptune _frigate, Capt._ Thomas _commander, and arrived at_
Smyrna _November the 19 following. During the voyage, agreably to his
usual diligence, he constantly kept a_ Journal _of what then offered.
But as nothing very remarkable occurred at sea; for that reason the
account of his_ Travels, _which is here published, begins with a_ Journey
_undertaken by him some months after his settlement at_ Smyrna. _However
as in his passage he went on shoar first at_ Cadiz, _then at_ Messina,
_and after that in the island of_ Milo; _in each of which places he made
several observations, which he afterwards sent in a_ Letter _from_
Smyrna _to Dr._ Thomas Turner, _president of his college: that_ Letter is
_likewise now published at the end of this book_.
_But as he has generally remarked the situation, government, and other
curiosities, of the most considerable cities, thro which he passed; it
may seem strange, that no account is here given of_ Smyrna, _the place
of his residence, and where, as he himself tells us, he continued from
November 19, 1698, to February 10, 1701-2. This however was occasioned by
his design of treating upon that place in a more distinct and particular
manner; for which purpose there is a large number of minutes, or heads,
detached in a separate part of the book, relating both to the antient and
present state of the city; which were afterwards to have been filled up,
and inlarged. Tho as they are now left, nothing more appears, that can be
of any service to the public, than what here follows._
The antiquities now extant in this place are these. The _castle_,
which was _Roman_, and where _Dolabella_ beheaded _Trebonius_. The
large head of _Smyrna_ the _Amazon_ over the gate of the same. The
inscription relating to _Joannes Ducas_ over another gate of the same,
with the modern oriental _eagle_ on both sides. The small remains of
the _theatre_, in which _S. Polycarp_ was burnt, lately taken to pieces
to build the _Vizír kane_ of the place, and _bezesten_, or _market_.
The reliques of _St. John’s church_. The space and walls of an ancient
_cirque_. All which are on the said castle hill, which immediately
overlooks the city. The ruins of the _temple of Apollo_ at the foot of
mount _Corycus_, in an olive grove, and over the θερμὰ ὕδατα. The ruins
of the _temple of Aesculapius_, or _Neptune_, in the way to _Eshekléer_;
where was lately found the head of _Janus_, and another of _M. Modius_.
A rich and delicate pavement of _mosaic_ work by the sea side, towards
the north, at a place where the outer wall terminates in the shore; which
possibly is the remains of the _gymnasium_, or some heathen temple. The
several _inscriptions_ there lately found, reported in _Prideaux_, or at
the end of this book. The large _stones_ of a yard and half square in
a great and massy wall, now part of a _kane_ in the _Armenian_ street,
on all of which is marked the letter V, as large as the breadth of the
stone would permit. The remains of an old _Roman_ way, paved with broad
and massy stones, but smooth, in the road over the castle hill toward
_Ephesus_. The remains of the ancient wall encompassing the _pomoerium_,
or a large space of ground about two thousand paces distant all round
from the castle, or the city. The scarcity of antiquities now to be found
in _Smyrna_ arises from hence, that it furnished the greatest part of the
_Marmora Arundeliana_.
_The inscriptions here said to be_ reported in Prideaux, _are to be found
in the Doctor’s edition of the_ Marmora Arundeliana. _And as to those
referred to_ at the end of our author’s book, _such of them will be here
subjoined, as are not in the large collection designed by him for a_
second part _of his_ Antiquitates Asiaticae; _of which a few sheets only,
containing those which relate to_ Ephesus, _were printed by him a little
before his death, and the rest are now in my possession_.
In a very pleasant valley near the bank of the river _Meles_, scarce
thirty paces without the city.
ΜΕΝΟΣ[1]
ΙΕΡΟΝ
ΑΦΡΟΔΙΤΗΣ
ΣΤΡΑΤΟΝΙΚΙΔΟΣ[2]
... ΟΥ ΗΔΕ Κ[ΥΚ
ΛΩΙ] ΤΟ ΠΑΡΑΠ[ΑΝ[3]
...ΚΕΙΜ]ΕΝΟΝ ΑΠΟ ΤΩΝ
..Π]ΛΕΘΡΩΝ ΚΑΤΑ
ΤΑΣΣΕΤΑΙ ΕΙΣ
ΤΑΣ ΙΕΡΑΣ[ΜΗ
ΤΡΟΣ ΟΔΟΥΣ[4]
On a hill near the castle.
Τ. ΦΛ. ΕΥΕΙΔΗΣ ΔΙΑΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ ΤΗΝ
ΜΗΤΕΡΑ ΦΛ. ΑΦΡΟΔΕΙΣΙΑΝ ΕΩΝΗΣΑΜΕΝΗΝ
ΤΟ ΜΝΗΜΕΙΟΝ ΠΡΟΣΚΑΤΕΣΚΑΥΑΣΕΝ ΕΑΥ
ΤΩ ΚΑΙ ΦΛ. ΤΥΧΗ ΤΗ ΓΥΝΑΙΚΙ ΚΑΙ ΦΛ. ΠΕΡ
ΣΕΙ ΤΩ ΥΙΩ · ΚΑΙ ΤΟΙΣ ΚΑΤΟΙΧΟ
ΜΕΝΟΙΣ [Illustration]
On a square stone in the house of the English consul, being of a later
age.
ΒΕΒΙΑ ΑΠΦΕΙΝΤΟ ΘΩΡΑΚΕΙΟΝ ΚΑΙ ΤΑ ΕΝϹΟΡΙΑ
ΚΑΙ ΤΗΝ ϹΟΡΟΝ ΤΗΝ ΕΠΙ ΤΩ ΘΩΡΑΚΕΙΩ
ΚΑΙ ΤΑ ΟΙΚΗΜΑΤΑ ΠΡΟϹΚΕΙΜΕΝΑ · ΟΙΚΟϹ ΚΛΕΙΜΑΞ[5] ΚΟΙΤΩΝ
ΜΕΔΕΙΑΝΟΝ ΤΡΙΚΛΕΙΝΟΝ ΟϹΤΟΘΗΚΑΙ. [Illustration] Β. Ϲ.
ΕΚΕΛΥϹΙϹ ΕΑΥΤΗ ΚΑΙ ϹΥΝΤΡΟΦΩ ΤΩ ΑΝΔΡΙ
ΚΑΙ ΤΟΙϹ ΤΕΚΝΟΙϹ ΑΥΤΗϹ ΚΑΙ ΤΟΙϹ ΕΚΓΟΝΟΙϹ
ΑΥΤΩΝ. ΧΑΙΡΕ [Illustration] ΚΑΙ ϹΥ.
_What he has said in relation to the present_ Smyrna, _is as follows_.
_Smyrna_ is situated in the latitude of 38_gr._ 40_m._ in a deep bay, that
enters within the continent about ten leagues; and is so well defended by
the _Erythraean_ promontory, now cape _Kara Bornu_, and mount _Corycus_,
with the hills commonly called _Cordilieu_, and its own windings, that
it is every where a port, affording good depths and secure anchorage.
Immediately within the bay are seven islands, lying in length towards the
port of _Vourlá_, antiently _Clazomenae_, which of old were called the
_Peristerides_; and the biggest of them, _Megale_, is now by the English
named _Long Island_, over against _Fochia Vecchia_, or _Phocaea_. Cape
_Kara Bornu_, or _Black Nose_ (antiently the ἄκρα μέλαινα) afforded, as
_Strabo_ says, excellent mill stones; which is not unknown to the present
inhabitants, and therefore we there see several mills now employed.
Within two leagues and a half of the city the _Hermus_ enters the bay,
and there forms a bed of sand; which being met by a point of land from
the opposite shore stops up the haven by a very narrow chanel, thus
rendring it κλειστὸς, as _Strabo_ then expressed it. On the said point
stands a new and strong fort, called _Sangiac Castle_; because the _Grand
Signior’s_ colours are there exposed, on occasions that require it. From
hence we sail towards _Smyrna_, in a fair and long arm of the sea, which
imitates the pleasures of a canal; whilst the woody mountains on each
side, with the city at one end, and the castle at the other, conspire to
give a mutual beauty to one another.
_Had our author lived to finish his elaborate account of_ Smyrna, _from
the large materials he had collected for that design, it would doubtless
have been a very useful work, and thrown much light upon many passages in
ancient writers. And indeed every part of his_ Travels _must certainly
have received great advantage and improvements from his review. Tho I
question not, but in their present state they will meet with such a
reception from the public, as will reward the labours of the learned
Father, by a proper incouragement given to his industrious Son._
_I shall only add, that some intimation having been given of a_ Map,
_designed to be published with this book that was judged afterwards not
so necessary, as at first was apprehended; since there are so many maps
already extant of those countries, which make the subject of these_
Travels. _And therefore as the principal use of such a map would have
been to exhibit both the ancient and modern names of several places,
which are mentioned by our author; an_ Index _was thought more commodious
for that purpose. Besides, as he has occasionally introduced many Turkish
and other foreign words, without explaining them; this affords likewise
an opportunity for their explication. As the benefit of the reader has
been consulted in this alteration; so it is not to be doubted, but he
will find the advantage of it in perusing the work._
August 12, 1747.