CHAPTER XIII.

OF EMULATION.

_Emulation_ is grief arising from that our equals possess such goods as

are had in honour, and whereof we are capable, but have them not; not

because they have them, but because not we also. No man therefore

_emulates_ another in things whereof himself is not capable.

Apt to _emulate_ are: such as esteem themselves worthy of more than they

have. And young and magnanimous men. And such as already possess the

goods for which men are honoured: for they measure their worth by their

having. And those that are esteemed worthy by others. And those whose

ancestors, kindred, familiars, nation, city, have been eminent for some

good, do _emulate_ others for that good.

_Objects_ of emulation are, for _things_; virtues. And things whereby we

may profit others. And things whereby we may please others.

For _persons_: they that possess such things. And such as many desire to

be friends or acquainted with, or like unto. And they whose praises fly

abroad.

The contrary of _emulation_ is _contempt_. And they that _emulate_ such

as have the goods aforementioned, _contemn_ such as have them not. And

thence it is, that men who live happily enough, unless they have the

goods which men honour, are nevertheless _contemned_.

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The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 06 (of 11) · 第 13 / 28 章