[1] "British Opium Policy, and its Results to India and China."
[2] The loose control possessed by the Emperor over his officials was well
described by one of the most trusted ministers of the great Emperor Keen
Lung. He said to one of the Jesuit missionaries at Pekin, that "the
Emperor himself cannot put a stop to the evils that exist in the service.
To displace those officials who have misbehaved themselves, he may send
others, but instead of removing the evil they generally commit greater
exactions than their predecessors. The Emperor is assured that all is
well, whilst affairs are at their worst and the people are oppressed."
[3] "China: a History of the Laws, Manners, and Customs of the People."
[4] "The Middle Kingdom." A Survey of the Geography, Government,
Education, Social Life, Arts, Religion, &c., of the Chinese Empire, and
its Inhabitants.
[5] As a matter of fact the skull of a Chinaman is fully double the
thickness of that of a European.
[6] "The River of Golden Sand; the Narrative of a Journey through China
and Eastern Thibet to Burmah," by Capt. William Gill, R.E.
[7] "The Principles and Practice of Medical Jurisprudence," by Alfred
Swaine Taylor, M.D., F.R.S.
[8] I have a distant recollection of a syllogism with which schoolboys
once used to exercise the minds of their juniors, which ran, I think,
thus:--
Epimenides said all Cretans were liars,
Epimenides himself was a Cretan,
Therefore Epimenides was a liar,--therefore he was not a liar.
[9] "L'Angleterre, la Chine, et l'Inde." I am indebted for a transcript of
the chapter in question to Mr. H. Henry Sultzberger, Merchant, of No. 10
Cannon Street, City, who has taken such an interest in the opium question
that he had the chapter printed at his own expense; and also to M.
d'Audlan, a teacher of modern languages, for a translation of it.
[10] "Annals of Chemical Medicine, including the Application of Chemistry
to Physiology, Pathology, Therapeutics, Pharmacy, Toxicology and Hygiene."
[11] In those days about £100 sterling.--W. H. B.
[12] The unfounded charge of smuggling by British merchants and foreigners
in Hong Kong has been completely refuted by the Honourable Francis
Bulkeley Johnson, the Chairman of the Chamber of Commerce of the Colony,
in a very able letter to Charles Magniac, Esq., M.P., the President of the
London Chamber of Commerce. This letter, which reached me just before
going to press, will be found set out _in extenso_ by way of Appendix. It
is full of valuable and interesting information on the Indo-China opium
trade, and is well worthy of careful study.
[13] In a recent number of the _Temps_, England was flouted with playing a
humanitarian, hypocritical part towards Tunis, whilst we oppressed the
natives of China by forcing them to smoke opium, in order to augment the
revenue of the Indian Government.