belongs to a later and much more civilised generation; but whoever
has studied that admirable portrait can form some notion of what King
Corny's great grandfather must have been.]
[Footnote 156: King, chap. iii. sec. 2.]
[Footnote 157: Sheridan MS.; Preface to the first volume of the Hibernia
Anglicana, 1690; Secret Consults of the Romish Party in Ireland, 1689.]
[Footnote 158: "There was a free liberty of conscience by connivance,
though not by the law."--King, chap. iii. sec. i.]
[Footnote 159: In a letter to James found among Bishop Tyrrel's papers,
and dated Aug. 14. 1686, are some remarkable expressions. "There are
few or none Protestants in that country but such as are joined with
the Whigs against the common enemy." And again: "Those that passed for
Tories here" (that is in England) "publicly espouse the Whig quarrel on
the other side the water." Swift said the same thing to King William a
few years later "I remember when I was last in England, I told the
King that the highest Tories we had with us would make tolerable Whigs
there."--Letters concerning the Sacramental Test.]
[Footnote 160: The wealth and negligence of the established clergy of
Ireland are mentioned in the strongest terms by the Lord Lieutenant
Clarendon, a most unexceptionable witness.]
[Footnote 161: Clarendon reminds the King of this in a letter dated
March 14. "It certainly is," Clarendon adds, "a most true notion."]
[Footnote 162: Clarendon strongly recommended this course, and was of
opinion that the Irish Parliament would do its part. See his letter to
Ormond, Aug. 28. 1686.]
[Footnote 163: It was an O'Neill of great eminence who said that it did
not become him to writhe his mouth to chatter English. Preface to the
first volume of the Hibernia Anglicana.]
[Footnote 164: Sheridan MS. among the Stuart Papers. I ought to
acknowledge the courtesy with which Mr. Glover assisted me in my search
for this valuable manuscript. James appears, from the instructions which
he drew up for his son in 1692, to have retained to the last the notion
that Ireland could not without danger be entrusted to an Irish Lord
Lieutenant.]
[Footnote 165: Sheridan MS.]
[Footnote 166: Clarendon to Rochester, Jan. 19. 1685/6; Secret Consults
of the Romish Party in Ireland, 1690.]
[Footnote 167: Clarendon to Rochester, Feb. 27. 1685/6.]
[Footnote 168: Clarendon to Rochester and Sunderland, March 2. 1685/6;
and to Rochester, March 14.]
[Footnote 169: Clarendon to Sunderland, Feb. 26. 1685/6.]
[Footnote 170: Sunderland to Clarendon, March 11. 1685/6.]
[Footnote 171: Clarendon to Rochester, March 14. 1685/6.]
[Footnote 172: Clarendon to James, March 4. 1685/6.]
[Footnote 173: James to Clarendon, April 6. 1686.]
[Footnote 174: Sunderland to Clarendon, May 22. 1686; Clarendon to
Ormond, May 30.; Clarendon to Sunderland, July 6. 11.]
[Footnote 175: Clarendon to Rochester and Sunderland, June 1. 1686; to
Rochester, June 12. King's State of the Protestants of Ireland, chap.
ii. sec. 6, 7. Apology for the Protestants of Ireland, 1689.]
[Footnote 176: Clarendon to Rochester, May 15 1686.]
[Footnote 177: Ibid. May 11. 1686.]
[Footnote 178: Ibid. June 8. 1686.]
[Footnote 179: Secret Consults of the Romish Party in Ireland.]
[Footnote 180: Clarendon to Rochester, June 26. and July 4. 1686;
Apology for the Protestants of Ireland, 1689.]
[Footnote 181: Clarendon to Rochester, July 4. 22. 1686; to Sunderland,
July 6; to the King, Aug. 14.]
[Footnote 182: Clarendon to Rochester, June 19. 1686.]
[Footnote 183: Ibid. June 22. 1686.]
[Footnote 184: Sheridan MS. King's State of the Protestants of Ireland,
chap. iii. sec. 3. sec. 8. There is a most striking instance of
Tyrconnel's impudent mendacity in Clarendon's letter to Rochester, July
22. 1686.]
[Footnote 185: Clarendon to Rochester, June 8. 1686.]
[Footnote 186: Clarendon to Rochester, Sept. 23. and Oct. 2. 1686 Secret
Consults of the Romish Party in Ireland, 1690.]
[Footnote 187: Clarendon to Rochester, Oct. 6. 1686.]
[Footnote 188: Clarendon to the King and to Rochester, Oct. 23. 1686.]
[Footnote 189: Clarendon to Rochester, Oct. 29, 30. 1686.]
[Footnote 190: Ibid. Nov. 27. 1686.]
[Footnote 191: Barillon, Sept. 13/23 1686; Clarke's Life of James the
Second, ii. 99.]
[Footnote 192: Sheridan MS.]
[Footnote 193: Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 100.]
[Footnote 194: Barillon, Sept. 13/23 1686; Bonrepaux, June 4. 1687.]
[Footnote 195: Barillon, Dec. 2/12 1686; Burnet, i. 684.; Clarke's Life
of James the Second, ii. 100.; Dodd's Church History. I have tried to
frame a fair narrative out of these conflicting materials. It seems
clear to me, from Rochester's own papers that he was on this occasion
by no means so stubborn as he has been represented by Burnet and by the
biographer of James.]
[Footnote 196: From Rochester's Minutes, dated Dec. 3. 1686.]
[Footnote 197: From Rochester's Minutes, Dec. 4. 1686.]
[Footnote 198: Barillon, Dec. 20/30 1686.]
[Footnote 199: Burnet, i. 684.]
[Footnote 200: Bonrepaux, Mar 25/June 4 1687.]
[Footnote 201: Rochester's Minutes, Dec. 19 1686; Barillon, Dec 30 / Jan
9 1686/7; Burnet, i. 685. Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 102.;
Treasury Warrant Book, Dec. 29. 1686.]
[Footnote 202: Bishop Malony in a letter to Bishop Tyrrel says, "Never a
Catholic or other English will ever think or make a step, nor suffer
the King to make a step for your restauration, but leave you as you
were hitherto, and leave your enemies over your heads: nor is there any
Englishman, Catholic or other, of what quality or degree soever alive,
that will stick to sacrifice all Ireland for to save the least interest
of his own in England, and would as willingly see all Ireland over
inhabited by English of whatsoever religion as by the Irish."]
[Footnote 203: The best account of these transactions is in the Sheridan
MS.]
[Footnote 204: Sheridan MS.; Oldmixon's Memoirs of Ireland; King's State
of the Protestants of Ireland, particularly chapter iii.; Apology for
the Protestants of Ireland, 1689.]
[Footnote 205: Secret Consults of the Romish Party in Ireland, 1690.]
[Footnote 206: London Gazette, Jan. 6. and March 14. 1686/7; Evelyn's
Diary, March 10 Etherege's letter to Dover is in the British Museum.]
[Footnote 207: "Pare che gli animi sono inaspriti della voce che
corre per il popolo, desser cacciato il detto ministro per non essere
Cattolico, percio tirarsi al esterminio de' Protestanti."--Adda, 1687.]
[Footnote 208: The chief materials from which I have taken my
description of the Prince of Orange will be found in Burnet's History,
in Temple's and Gourville's Memoirs, in the Negotiations of the
Counts of Estrades and Avaux, in Sir George Downing's Letters to Lord
Chancellor Clarendon, in Wagenaar's voluminous History, in Van Kamper's
Karakterkunde der Vaderlandsche Geschiedenis, and, above all, in
William's own confidential correspondence, of which the Duke of Portland
permitted Sir James Mackintosh to take a copy.]
[Footnote 209: William was earnestly intreated by his friends, after the
peace of Ryswick, to speak seriously to the French ambassador about
the schemes of assassination which the Jacobites of St. Germains were
constantly contriving. The cold magnanimity with which these intimations
of danger were received is singularly characteristic. To Bentinck, who
had sent from Paris very alarming intelligence, William merely replied
at the end of a long letter of business,--"Pour les assasins je ne luy
en ay pas voulu parler, croiant que c'etoit au desous de moy." May 2/12
1698. I keep the original orthography, if it is to be so called.]
[Footnote 210: From Windsor he wrote to Bentinck, then ambassador at
Paris. "Jay pris avant hier un cerf dans la forest avec les chains du
Pr. de Denm. et ay fait on assez jolie chasse, autant que ce vilain
paiis le permest. March 20/April 1 1698." The spelling is bad, but not
worse than Napoleon's. William wrote in better humour from Loo. "Nous
avons pris deux gros cerfs, le premier dans Dorewaert, qui est un des
plus gros que je sache avoir jamais pris. Il porte seize." Oct 25/Nov 4
1697.]
[Footnote 211: March 3. 1679.]
[Footnote 212: "Voila en peu de mot le detail de nostre St. Hubert. Et
j'ay eu soin que M. Woodstoc" (Bentinck's eldest son) "n'a point este a
la chasse, bien moin au soupe, quoyqu'il fut icy. Vous pouvez pourtant
croire que de n'avoir pas chasse l'a on peu mortifie, mais je ne l'ay
pas ause prendre sur moy, puisque vous m'aviez dit que vous ne le
souhaitiez pas." From Loo, Nov. 4. 1697.]
[Footnote 213: On the 15th of June, 1688.]
[Footnote 214: Sept. 6. 1679.]
[Footnote 215: See Swift's account of her in the Journal to Stella.]
[Footnote 216: Henry Sidney's Journal of March 31. 1680, in Mr.
Blencowe's interesting collection.]
[Footnote 217: Speaker Onslow's note on Burnet, i. 596.; Johnson's Life
of Sprat.]
[Footnote 218: No person has contradicted Burnet more frequently or with
more asperity than Dartmouth. Yet Dartmouth wrote, "I do not think
he designedly published anything he believed to be false." At a later
period Dartmouth, provoked by some remarks on himself in the second
volume of the Bishop's history, retracted this praise but to such a
retraction little importance can be attached. Even Swift has the justice
to say, "After all, he was a man of generosity and good nature."--Short
Remarks on Bishop Burnet's History.
It is usual to censure Burnet as a singularly inaccurate historian;
hut I believe the charge to be altogether unjust. He appears to be
singularly inaccurate only because his narrative has been subjected to a
scrutiny singularly severe and unfriendly. If any Whig thought it worth
while to subject Reresby's Memoirs, North's Examen, Mulgrave's Account
of the Revolution, or the Life of James the Second, edited by Clarke, to
a similar scrutiny, it would soon appear that Burnet was far indeed from
being the most inexact writer of his time.]
[Footnote 219: Dr. Hooper's MS. narrative, published in the Appendix to
Lord Dungannon's Life of William.]
[Footnote 220: Avaux Negotiations, Aug. 10/20 Sept. 14/24 Sept 28/Oct 8
Dec. 7/17 1682.]
[Footnote 221: I cannot deny myself the pleasure of quoting Massillon's
unfriendly, yet discriminating and noble, character of William. "Un
prince profond dans ses vues; habile a former des ligues et a reunir
les esprits; plus heureux a exciter les guerres qu'a combatire; plus a
craindre encore dans le secret du cabinet, qu'a la tete des armees; un
ennemi que la haine du nom Francais avoit rendu capable d'imaginer de
grandes choses et de les executer; un de ces genies qui semblent etre
nes pour mouvoir a leur gre les peuples et les souverains; un grand
homme, s'il n'avoit jamais voulu etre roi."--Oraison funebre de M. le
Dauphin.]
[Footnote 222: For example, "Je crois M. Feversham un tres brave et
honeste homme. Mais je doute s'il a assez d'experience diriger une si
grande affaire qu'il a sur le bras. Dieu lui donne un succes prompt et
heureux. Mais je ne suis pas hors d'inquietude." July 7/17 1685. Again,
after he had received the news of the battle of Sedgemoor, "Dieu soit
loue du bon succes que les troupes du Roy ont eu contre les rebelles. Je
ne doute pas que cette affaire ne soit entierement assoupie, et que le
regne du Roy sera heureux, Ce que Dieu veuille." July 10/20]
[Footnote 223: The treaty will be found in the Recueil des Traites, iv.
No. 209.]
[Footnote 224: Burnet, i. 762.]
[Footnote 225: Temple's Memoirs.]
[Footnote 226: See the poems entitled The Converts and The Delusion.]
[Footnote 227: The lines are in the Collection of State Poems.]
[Footnote 228: Our information about Wycherly is very scanty; but two
things are certain, that in his later years he called himself a Papist,
and that he received money from James. I have very little doubt that he
was a hired convert.]
[Footnote 229: See the article on him in the Biographia Britannica.]
[Footnote 230: See James Quin's account of Haines in Davies's
Miscellanies; Tom Brown's Works; Lives of Sharpers; Dryden's Epilogue to
the Secular Masque.]
[Footnote 231: This fact, which escaped the minute researches of Malone,
appears from the Treasury Letter Book of 1685.]
[Footnote 232: Leeuwen, Dec 25/Jan 4 1685/6]
[Footnote 233: Barillon,--Jan 31/Feb 10 1686/7. "Je crois que, dans
le fond, si on ne pouvoit laisser que la religion Anglicane et la
Catholique etablies par les loix, le Roy d'Angleterre en seroit bien
plus content."]
[Footnote 234: It will be round in Wodrow, Appendix, vol. ii. No. 129.]
[Footnote 235: Wodrow, Appendix, vol. ii. No. 128. 129. 132.]
[Footnote 236: Barillon Feb 20/March 10 1686/7; Citters, Feb. 16/23;
Reresby's Memoirs Bonrepaux, May 25/June 4 1687.]
[Footnote 237: Barillon, March 14/24 1687; Lady Russell to Dr.
Fitzwilliam, April 1.; Burnet, i. 671. 762. The conversation is somewhat
differently related in Clarke's Life of James, ii. 204. But that passage
is not part of the King's own memoirs.]
[Footnote 238: London Gazette, March 21. 1686/7.]
[Footnote 239: Ibid. April 7. 1687.]
[Footnote 240: Warrant Book of the Treasury. See particularly the
instructions dated March 8, 1687/8 Burnet, i. 715. Reflections on his
Majesty's Proclamation for a Toleration in Scotland; Letters containing
some Reflections on his Majesty's Declaration for Liberty of Conscience;
Apology for the Church of England with a relation to the spirit of
Persecution for which she is accused, 1687/8. But it is impossible for
me to cite all the pamphlets from which I have formed my notion of the
state of parties at this time.]
[Footnote 241: Letter to a Dissenter.]
[Footnote 242: Wodrow, Appendix, vol. ii. Nos. 132. 134.]
[Footnote 243: London Gazette, April 21. 1687 Animadversions on a late
paper entituled A Letter to a Dissenter, by H C. (Henry Care), 1687.]
[Footnote 244: Lestrange's Answer to a Letter to a Dissenter; Care's
Animadversions on A letter to a Dissenter; Dialogue between Harry and
Roger; that is to say, Harry Care and Roger Lestrange.]
[Footnote 245: The letter was signed T. W. Care says, in his
Animadversions, "This Sir Politic T. W., or W. T. for some critics think
that the truer reading."]
[Footnote 246: Ellis Correspondence, March 15. July 27. 1686 Barillon,
Feb 28/Mar 10; March 3/13. March 6/16. 1687 Ronquillo, March 9/19. 1687,
in the Mackintosh Collection.]
[Footnote 247: Wood's Athenae Oxonienses; Observator; Heraclitus Ridens,
passim. But Care's own writings furnish the best materials for an
estimate of his character.]
[Footnote 248: Calamy's Account of the Ministers ejected or silenced
after the Restoration, Northamptonshire; Wood's Athenae Oxonienses;
Biographia Britannica.]
[Footnote 249: State Trials; Samuel Rosewell's Life of Thomas Rosewell,
1718; Calamy's Account.]
[Footnote 250: London Gazette, March 15 1685/6; Nichols's Defence of the
Church of England; Pierce's Vindication of the Dissenters.]
[Footnote 251: The Addresses will be found in the London Gazettes.]
[Footnote 252: Calamy's Life of Baxter.]
[Footnote 253: Calamy's Life of Howe. The share which the Hampden family
had in the matter I learned from a letter of Johnstone of Waristoun,
dated June 13 1688.]
[Footnote 254: Bunyan's Grace Abounding.]
[Footnote 255: Young classes Bunyan's prose with Durfey's poetry. The
people of fashion in the Spiritual Quixote rank the Pilgrim's Progress
with Jack the Giantkiller. Late in the eighteenth century Cowper did not
venture to do more than allude to the great allegorist
"I name thee not, lest so despis'd a name
Should move a sneer at thy deserved fame."]
[Footnote 256: The continuation of Bunyan's life appended to his Grace
Abounding.]
[Footnote 257: Kiffin's Memoirs; Luson's Letter to Brooke, May 11. 1773,
in the Hughes Correspondence.]
[Footnote 258: See, among other contemporary pamphlets, one entitled a
Representation of the threatening Dangers impending over Protestants.]
[Footnote 259: Burnet, i. 694.]
[Footnote 260: "Le Prince d'Orange, qui avoit elude jusqu'alors de faire
une reponse positive, dit qu'il ne consentira jamais a la suppression
du ces loix qui avoient ete etablies pour le maintien et la surete de
la religion Protestante, et que sa conscience ne le lui permettoit point
non seulement pour la succession du royaume d'Angleterre, mais meme
pour l'empire du monde; en sorte que le roi d'Angleterre est plus aigri
contre lui qu'il n'a jamais ete"--Bonrepaux, June 11/21 1687.]
[Footnote 261: Burnet, i. 710. Bonrepaux, May 24/June 4. 1687]
[Footnote 262: Johnstone, Jan. 13. 1688; Halifax's Anatomy of an
Equivalent.]
[Footnote 263: Burnet, i. 726-73 1.; Answer to the Criminal Letters
issued out against Dr. Burnet; Avaux Neg., July 7/17 14/24, July 28/Aug
7 Jan 19/29 1688; Lewis to Barillon, Dec 30 1687/Jan 9 1688; Johnstone
of Waristoun, Feb. 21. 1688; Lady Russell to Dr. Fitzwilliam, Oct. 5,
1687. As it has been suspected that Burnet, who certainly was not in the
habit of underrating his own importance, exaggerated the danger to which
he was exposed, I will give the words of Lewis and of Johnstone. "Qui
que ce soit," says Lewis, "qui entreprenne de l'enlever en Hollande
trouvera non seulement une retraite assuree et une entiere protection
dans mes etats, mais aussi toute l'assistance qu'il pourra desirer pour
faire conduire surement ce scelerat en Angleterre." "The business of
Bamfield (Burnet) is certainly true," says Johnstone. "No man doubts of
it here, and some concerned do not deny it. His friends say they hear he
takes no care of himself, but out of vanity, to show his courage, shows
his folly; so that, if ill happen on it, all people will laugh at it.
Pray tell him so much from Jones (Johnstone). If some could be catched
making their coup d'essai on him, it will do much to frighten them from
making any attempt on Ogle (the Prince)."]
[Footnote 264: Burnet, a. 708.; Avaux Neg., Jan. 3/13 Feb. 6/16. 1687;
Van Kampen, Karakterkunde der Vaderlandsche Geschiedenis.]
[Footnote 265: Burnet, i 711. Dykvelt's despatches to the States General
contain, as far as I have seen or can learn, not a word about the real
object of his mission. His correspondence with the Prince of Orange was
strictly private.]
[Footnote 266: Bonrepaux, Sept. 12/22 1687.]
[Footnote 267: See Lord Campbell's Life of him.]
[Footnote 268: Johnstone's Correspondence; Mackay's Memoirs; Arbuthnot's
John Bull; Swift's writings from 1710 to 1714, passim; Whiston's Letter
to the Earl of Nottingham, and the Earl's answer.]
[Footnote 269: Kennet's funeral sermon on the Duke of Devonshire, and
Memoirs of the family of Cavendish; State Trials; Privy Council Book,
March 5. 1685/6; Barillon, June 30/July 10 1687; Johnstone, Dec. 8/18.
1687; Lords' journals, May 6. 1689. "Ses amis et ses proches," says
Barillon, "lui conseillent de prendre le bon parti, mais il persiste
jusqu'a prasent a ne se point soumettre. S'il vouloit se bien conduire
et renoncer a etre populaire, il ne payeroit pas l'amende, mais s'il
opiniatre, il lui en coutera trente mille pieces et il demeurera
prisonnier jusqu'a l'actuel payement."]
[Footnote 270: The motive which determined the conduct of the Churchills
is shortly and plainly set forth in the Duchess of Marlborough's
Vindication. "It was," she says, "evident to all the world that, as
things were carried on by King James, everybody sooner or later must be
ruined, who would not become a Roman Catholic. This consideration made
me very well pleased at the Prince of Orange's undertaking to rescue us
from such slavery."]
[Footnote 271: Grammont's Memoirs; Pepys's Diary, Feb. 21. 1684/5.]
[Footnote 272: It would be endless to recount all the books from which I
have formed my estimate of the duchess's character. Her own letters,
her own vindication, and the replies which it called forth, have been my
chief materials.]
[Footnote 273: The formal epistle which Dykvelt carried back to the
States is in the Archives at the Hague. The other letters mentioned in
this paragraph are given by Dalrymple. App. to Book V.]
[Footnote 274: Sunderland to William, Aug. 24. 1686; William to
Sunderland, Sept. 2/12 1686; Barillon, May 6/16 May 26/June 5 Oct. 3/13
Nov 28/Dec 8. 1687; Lewis to Barillon, Oct. 14/24 1687: Memorial of
Albeville, Dec. 15/25. 1687; James to William, Jan. 17. Feb. 16. March
2. 13. 1688; Avaux Neg., March 1/11 6/16 8/18 March 22/April 1 1688.]
[Footnote 275: Adda, Nov. 9/19. 1685.]
[Footnote 276: The Professor of Greek in the College De Propaganda Fide
expressed his admiration in some detestable hexameters and pentameters,
of which the following specimen may suffice:
Rogerion de akepsomenos lamproio thriambon,
oka mal eissen kai theen ochlos apas
thaumazousa de ten pompen pagkhrusea t' auton
armata tous thippous toiade Rome ethe.
The Latin verses are a little better. Nahum Tate responded in English
"His glorious train and passing pomp to view,
A pomp that even to Rome itself was new,
Each age, each sex, the Latian turrets filled,
Each age and sex in tears of joy distilled."]
[Footnote 277: Correspondence of James and Innocent, in the British
Museum; Burnet, i 703-705.; Welwood's Memoirs; Commons' Journals, Oct.
28. 1689; An Account of his Excellency Roger Earl of Castelmaine's
Embassy, by Michael Wright, chief steward of his Excellency's house at
Rome, 1688.]
[Footnote 278: Barillon, May 2/12 1687.]
[Footnote 279: Memoirs of the Duke of Somerset; Citters, July 5/15.
1687; Eachard's History of the Revolution; Clarke's Life of James the
Second, ii. 116, 117, 118.; Lord Lonsdale's Memoirs.]
[Footnote 280: London Gazette, July 7. 1687; Citters, July 7/17 Account
of the ceremony reprinted among the Somers Tracts.]
[Footnote 281: London Gazette, July 4. 1687.]
[Footnote 282: See the statutes 18 Henry 6. C. 19.; 2 & 3 Ed. 6. C. 2.;
Eachard's History of the Revolution; Kennet, iii. 468.; North's Life of
Guildford, 247.; London Gazette, April 18. May 23. 1687; Vindication of
the E. of R, (Earl of Rochester).]
[Footnote 283: Dryden's Prologues and Cibber's Memoirs contain abundant
proofs of the estimation in which the taste of the Oxonians was held by
the most admired poets and actors.]
[Footnote 284: See the poem called Advice to the Painter upon the Defeat
of the Rebels in the West. See also another poem, a most detestable
one, on the same subject, by Stepney, who was then studying at Trinity
College.]
[Footnote 285: Mackay's character of Sheffield, with Swift's note; the
Satire on the Deponents, 1688; Life of John, Duke of Buckinghamshire,
1729; Barillon, Aug. 30. 1687. I have a manuscript lampoon on Mulgrave,
dated 1690. It is not destitute of spirit. The most remarkable lines are
these:
Peters (Petre) today and Burnet tomorrow,
Knaves of all sides and religions he'll woo.]
[Footnote 286: See the proceedings against the University of Cambridge
in the collection of State Trials.]
[Footnote 287: Wood's Athenae Oxonienses; Apology for the Life of Colley
Cibber; Citters, March 2/12 1686.]
[Footnote 288: Burnet, i. 697.; Letter of Lord Ailesbury printed in the
European Magazine for April 1795.]
[Footnote 289: This gateway is now closed.]
[Footnote 290: Wood's Athenae Oxonienses; Walker's Sufferings of the
Clergy.]
[Footnote 291: Burnet, i. 697.; Tanner's Notitia Monastica. At the
visitation in the twenty-sixth year of Henry the Eighth it appeared that
the annual revenue of King's College was 751l.; of New College, 487l.;
of Magdalene, 1076l.]
[Footnote 292: A Relation of the Proceedings at the Charterhouse, 1689.]
[Footnote 293: See the London Gazette, from August 18 to September 1.
1687 Barillon, September 19/29]
[Footnote 294: "Penn, chef des Quakers, qu'on sait etre dans les
interets du Roi d'Angleterre, est si fort decrie parmi ceux de son parti
qu'ils n'ont plus aucune confiance en lui."--Bonrepaux to Seignelay,
Sept. 12/22 1687. The evidence of Gerard Croese is to the same
effect. "Etiam Quakeri Pennum iron amplius, ut ante, ita amabant ac
magnifaciebant, quidam aversabantur ac fugiebant."--Historia Quakeriana,
lib, ii. 1695.]
[Footnote 295: Cartwright's Diary, August 30. 1687. Clarkson's Life of
William Penn.]
[Footnote 296: London Gazette, Sept. 5.; Sheridan MS.; Barillon,
Sept. 1687. "Le Roi son maitre," says Barillon, "a temoigne une grande
satisfaction des mesures qu'il a prises, et a autorise ce qu'il a
fait en faveur des Catholiques. Il les etablit dans les emplois et les
charges, en sorte que l'autorite se trouvera bientot entre leurs mains.
Il reste encore beaucoup de choses a faire en ce pays la pour retirer
les biens injustement otes aux Catholiques. Mais cela ne peut s'executer
qu'avec le tems et dans l'assemblee d'un parlement en Irlande."]
[Footnote 297: London Gazette of Sept. 5. and Sept. 8. 1687]
[Footnote 298: Proceedings against Magdalene College, in Oxon, for not
electing Anthony Farmer president of the said College, in the Collection
of State Trials, Howell's edition; Luttrell's Diary, June 15. 17., Oct.
24., Dec. 10. 1687; Smith's Narrative; Letter of Dr. Richard Rawlinson,
dated Oct. 31. 1687; Reresby's Memoirs; Burnet, i. 699.; Cartwright's
Diary; Citters, Oct 25/Nov 4, Oct 28/Nov 7 Nov 8/18 Nov 18/28 1687.]
[Footnote 299: "Quand on connoit le dedans de cette cour aussi
intimement que je la connois, on peut croire que sa Majeste Britannique
donnera volontiers dans ces sortes de projets."--Bonrepaux to Seignelay,
March 18/28 1686.]
[Footnote 300: "Que, quand pour etablir la religion Catholique et
pour la confirmer icy, il (James) devroit se rendre en quelque facon
dependant de la France, et mettre la decision de la succession a la
couronne entre les mains de ce monarque la, qu'il seroit oblige de
le faire, parcequ'il vaudroit mieux pour ses sujets qu'ils devinssent
vassaux du Roy de France, etant Catholiques, que de demeurer comme
esclaves du Diable." This paper is in the archives of both France and
Holland.]
[Footnote 301: Citters, Aug. 6/16 17/27 1686. Barillon, Aug. 19/29]
[Footnote 302: Barillon, Sept. 13/23 1686. "La succession est une
matiere fort delicate a traiter. Je sais pourtant qu'on en parle au Roy
d'Angleterre, et qu'on ne desespere pas avec le temps de trouver
des moyens pour faire passer la couronne sur la tete d'un heritier
Catholique."]
[Footnote 303: Bonrepaux, July 11/21. 1687.]
[Footnote 304: Bonrepaux to Seignelay, Aug 25/Sept 4 1687. I will
quote a few words from this most remarkable despatch: "je scay bien
certainement que l'intention du Roy d'Angleterre est de faire perdre ce
royaume (Ireland) a son successeur, et de le fortifier en sorte que tous
ses sujets Catholiques y puissent avoir un asile assure. Son projet est
de mettre les choses en cet estat dans le cours de cinq annees." In the
Secret Consults of the Romish Party in Ireland, printed in 1690,
there is a passage which shows that this negotiation had not been kept
strictly secret. "Though the King kept it private from most of his
council, yet certain it is that he had promised the French King the
disposal of that government and kingdom when things had attained to that
growth as to be fit to bear it."]
[Footnote 305: Citters, Oct 28/Nov 7, Nov 22/Dec 2 1687; the Princess
Anne to the Princess of Orange, March 14. and 20. 1687/8; Barillon,
Dec. 1/11 1687; Revolution Politics; the song "Two Toms and a Nat;"
Johnstone, April 4. 1688; Secret Consults of the Romish Party in
Ireland, 1690.]
[Footnote 306: The king's uneasiness on this subject is strongly
described by Ronquillo, Dec. 12/22 1687 "Un Principe de Vales y un
Duque de York y otro di Lochaosterna (Lancaster, I suppose,) no bastan a
reducir la gente; porque el Rey tiene 54 anos, y vendra a morir, dejando
los hijos pequenos, y que entonces el reyno se apoderara dellos, y los
nombrara tutor, y los educara en la religion protestante, contra la
disposicion que dejare el Rey, y la autoridad de la Reyna."]
[Footnote 307: Three lists framed at this time are extant; one in the
French archives, the other two in the archives of the Portland family.
In these lists every peer is entered under one of three heads, For the
Repeal of the Test, Against the Repeal, and Doubtful. According to one
list the numbers were, 31 for, 86 against, and 20 doubtful; according to
another, 33 for, 87 against, and 19 doubtful; according to the third, 35
for, 92 against, and 10 doubtful. Copies of the three lists are in the
Mackintosh MSS.]
[Footnote 308: There is in the British Museum a letter of Dryden to
Etherege, dated Feb. 1688. I do not remember to have seen it in print.
"Oh," says Dryden, "that our monarch would encourage noble idleness by
his own example, as he of blessed memory did before him. For my mind
misgives me that he will not much advance his affairs by stirring."]
[Footnote 309: Barillon, Aug 29/Sep 8 1687.]
[Footnote 310: Told by Lord Bradford, who was present, to Dartmouth;
note on Burnet, i. 755.]
[Footnote 311: London Gazette, Dec. 12. 1687.]
[Footnote 312: Bonrepaux to Seignelay, Nov. 14/24.; Citters, Nov.
15/25.; Lords' Journals, Dec. 20. 1689.]
[Footnote 313: Citters, Oct 28/Nov 7 1687.]
[Footnote 314: Halstead's Succinct Genealogy of the Family of Vere,
1685; Collins's Historical Collections. See in the Lords' Journals, and
in Jones's Reports, the proceedings respecting the earldom of Oxford, in
March and April 1625/6. The exordium of the speech of Lord Chief Justice
Crew is among the finest specimens of the ancient English eloquence.
Citters, Feb. 7/17 1688.]
[Footnote 315: Coxe's Shrewsbury Correspondence; Mackay's Memoirs; Life
of Charles Duke of Shrewsbury, 1718; Burnet, i. 762.; Birch's Life
of Tillotson, where the reader will find a letter from Tillotson
to Shrewsbury, which seems to me a model of serious, friendly, and
gentlemanlike reproof.]
[Footnote 316: The King was only Nell's Charles III. Whether Dorset
or Major Hart had the honour of being her Charles I is a point open to
dispute. But the evidence in favour of Dorset's claim seems to me to
preponderate. See the suppressed passage of Burnet, i. 263.; and Pepys's
Diary, Oct. 26. 1667.]
[Footnote 317: Pepys's Diary; Prior's dedication of his poems to the
Duke of Dorset; Johnson's Life of Dorset; Dryden's Essay on Satire, and
Dedication of the Essay on Dramatic Poesy. The affection of Dorset
for his wife and his strict fidelity to her are mentioned with great
contempt by that profligate coxcomb Sir George Etherege in his
letters from Ratisbon, Dec. 9/19 1687, and Jan. 16/26 1688; Shadwell's
Dedication of the Squire of Alsatia; Burnet, i. 264.; Mackay's
Characters. Some parts of Dorset's character are well touched in his
epitaph, written by Pope:
"Yet soft his nature, though severe his lay"
and again:
"Blest courtier, who could king and country please,
Yet sacred keep his friendships and his ease."]
[Footnote 318: Barillon, Jan. 9/19 1688; Citters, Jan 31/Feb 10]
[Footnote 319: Adda, Feb. 3/13 10/20 1688.]
[Footnote 320: Barillon,. Dec. 5/15 8/18. 12/22 1687; Citters, Nov
29/Dec 9 Dec 2/12]
[Footnote 321: Citters, Oct 28/Nov 7 1687; Lonsdale's Memoirs.]
[Footnote 322: Citters, Nov 22/Dec 2 1687.]
[Footnote 323: Ibid. Dec 27/Jan 6 1687/8.]
[Footnote 324: Ibid,]
[Footnote 325: Rochester's offensive warmth on this occasion is
twice noticed by Johnstone, Nov. 25. and Dec. 8. 1687. His failure is
mentioned by Citters, Dec. 6/16.]
[Footnote 326: Citters, Dec. 6/16. 1687]
[Footnote 327: Ibid. Dec. 20/30. 1687.]
[Footnote 328: Ibid March 30/April 9 1687.]
[Footnote 329: Ibid Nov 22/Dec 2 1687.]
[Footnote 330: Ibid. Nov. 15/25. 1687.]
[Footnote 331: Citters, April 10/20 1688.]
[Footnote 332: The anxiety about Lancashire is mentioned by Citters, in
a despatch dated Nov. 18/28. 1687; the result in a despatch dated four
days later.]
[Footnote 333: Bonrepaux, July 11/21 1687.]
[Footnote 334: Citters, Feb. 3/13 1688.]
[Footnote 335: Ibid. April 5/15 1688.]
[Footnote 336: London Gazette, Dec. 5. 1687; Citters, Dec. 6/16]
[Footnote 337: About twenty years before this time a Jesuit had noticed
the retiring character of the Roman Catholic country gentlemen of
England. "La nobilta Inglese, senon se legata in servigio, di Corte, o
in opera di maestrato, vive, e gode il piu dell' anno alla campagna,
ne' suoi palagi e poderi, dove son liberi e padroni; e cio tanto piu
sollecitamente I Cattolici quanto piu utilmente, si come meno osservati
cola."--L'lnghilterra descritta dal P. Daniello Bartoli. Roma, 1667.
"Many of the Popish Sheriffs," Johnstone wrote, "have estates,
and declare that whoever expects false returns from them will be
disappointed. The Popish gentry that live at their houses in the country
are much different from those that live here in town. Several of them
have refused to be Sheriffs or Deputy Lieutenants." Dec. 8. 1687.
Ronquillo says the same. "Algunos Catolicos que fueron nombrados per
sherifes se han excusado," Jan. 9/19. 1688. He some months later assured
his court that the Catholic country gentlemen would willingly consent to
a compromise of which the terms should be that the penal laws should be
abolished and the test retained. "Estoy informado," he says, "que
los Catolicos de las provincias no lo reprueban, pues no pretendiendo
oficios, y siendo solo algunos de la Corte los provechosos, les parece
que mejoran su estado, quedando seguros ellos y sus descendientes en
la religion, en la quietud, y en la seguridad de sus haciendas." July
23/Aug 2 1688.]
[Footnote 338: Privy Council Book, Sept. 25. 1687; Feb. 21. 1687/8]
[Footnote 339: Records of the Corporation, quoted in Brand's History of
Newcastle. Johnstone, Feb. 21. 1687/8]
[Footnote 340: Johnstone, Feb. 21 1687/8]
[Footnote 341: Citters, Feb. 14/24 1688.]
[Footnote 342: Ibid. May 1/11. 1688.]
[Footnote 343: In the margin of the Privy Council Book may be
observed the words "Second regulation," and "Third regulation," when a
corporation had been remodelled more than once.]
[Footnote 344: Johnstone, May 23. 1688.]
[Footnote 345: Ibid. Feb. 21. 1688.]
[Footnote 346: Johnstone, Feb. 21. 1688.]
[Footnote 347: Citters, March 20/30 1688.]
[Footnote 348: Ibid. May 1/11 1688.]
[Footnote 349: Citters, May 22/June 1 1688.]
[Footnote 350: Ibid. May 1/11 1688.]
[Footnote 351: Ibid. May 18/28 1688.]
[Footnote 352: Ibid. April 6 1688; Treasury Letter Book, March 14. 1687;
Ronquillo, April 16/26.]
[Footnote 353: Citters, May 18/28 1688.]
[Footnote 354: Citters, May 18/28 1688.]
[Footnote 355: London Gazette, Dec. 15. 1687. See the proceedings
against Williams in the Collection of State Trials. "Ha hecho," says
Ronquillo, "grande susto el haber nombrado el abogado Williams, que
fue el orador y el mas arrabiado de toda la casa de los comunes en los
ultimos terribles parlamentos del Rey difunto." Nov 27/Dec 7 1687.]
[Footnote 356: London Gazette, April 30. 1688; Barillon, April 26/May 6]
[Footnote 357: Citters, May 1/11. 1688.]
[Footnote 358: London Gazette, May 7. 1688.]
[Footnote 359: Johnstone May 27. 1688.]
[Footnote 360: That very remarkable man, the late Alexander Knox, whose
eloquent conversation and elaborate letters had a great influence on the
minds of his contemporaries, learned, I suspect, much of his theological
system from Fowler's writings. Fowler's book on the Design of
Christianity was assailed by John Bunyan with a ferocity which nothing
can justify, but which the birth and breeding of the honest tinker in
some degree excuse.]
[Footnote 361: Johnstone, May 23. 1688. There is a satirical poem on
this meeting entitled the Clerical Cabal.]
[Footnote 362: Clarendon's Diary, May 22. 1688.]
[Footnote 363: Extracts from Tanner MS. in Howell's State Trials; Life
of Prideaux; Clarendon's Diary, May 16. 1688.]
[Footnote 364: Clarendon's Diary, May 16 and 17. 1688.]
[Footnote 365: Sancroft's Narrative printed from the Tanner MS.;
Citters, May 22/June 1 1688.]
[Footnote 366: Burnet, i. 741; Revolution Politics; Higgins's Short
View.]
[Footnote 367: Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 155.]
[Footnote 368: Citters, May 22/June 1688. Burnet, i. 740.; and Lord
Dartmouth's note; Southey's Life of Wesley.]
[Footnote 369: Citters, May 22/June 1 1688]
[Footnote 370: Ibid. May 29/June 8 1688.]
[Footnote 371: Ibid.]
[Footnote 372: Barillon, May 24/June 3 May 31/June 10 1688; Citters,
July, 1/11 Adda, May 25/June 4, May 30/June 9, June 1/11 Clarke s Life
of James the Second, ii. 158.]
[Footnote 373: Burnet, i. 740.; Life of Prideaux; Citters, June 12/22
15/25 1688. Tanner MS.; Life and Correspondence of Pepys.]
[Footnote 374: Sancroft's Narrative, printed from the Tanner MS.]
[Footnote 375: Burnet, i. 741.; Citters, June 8/18 12/22. 1688;
Luttrell's Diary, June 8.; Evelyn's Diary; Letter of Dr. Nalson to
his wife, dated June 14., and printed from the Tanner MS.; Reresby's
Memoirs.]
[Footnote 376: Reresby's Memoirs.]
[Footnote 377: Correspondence between Anne and Mary, in Dalrymple;
Clarendon's Diary, Oct. 31. 1688.]
[Footnote 378: This is clear from Clarendon's Diary, Oct. 31. 1688.]
[Footnote 379: Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 159, 160.]
[Footnote 380: Clarendon's Diary, June 10. 1688.]
[Footnote 381: Johnstone gives in a very few words an excellent summary
of the case against the King. "The generality of people conclude all is
a trick; because they say the reckoning is changed, the Princess sent
away, none of the Clarendon family nor the Dutch Ambassador sent for,
the suddenness of the thing, the sermons, the confidence of the priests,
the hurry." June 13. 1688.]
[Footnote 382: Ronquillo, July 26/Aug 5. Ronquillo adds, that what
Zulestein said of the state of public opinion was strictly true.]
[Footnote 383: Citters, June 12/22 1688; Luttrell's Diary, June 18.]
[Footnote 384: For the events of this day see the State Trials;
Clarendon's Diary Luttrell's Diary; Citters. June 15/25 Johnstone, June
18; Revolution Politics.]
[Footnote 385: Johnstone, June 18. 1688; Evelyn's Diary, June 29.]
[Footnote 386: Tanner MS.]
[Footnote 387: This fact was communicated to me in the most obliging
manner by the Reverend R. S. Hawker of Morwenstow in Cornwall.]
[Footnote 388: Johnstone, June 18. 1688.]
[Footnote 389: Adda, June 29/July 9 1688]
[Footnote 390: Sunderland's own narrative is, of course, not to be
implicitly trusted, but he vouched Godolphin as a witness of what took
place respecting the Irish Act of Settlement.]
[Footnote 391: Barillon June 21/June 28 June 28/July 8 1688; Adda, June
29/July 9 Citters June 26/July 6; Johnstone, July 2. 1688; The Converts,
a poem.]
[Footnote 392: Clarendon's Diary, June 21. 1688.]
[Footnote 393: Citters, June 26/ July 6. 1688.]
[Footnote 394: Johnstone, July 2. 1688.]
[Footnote 395: Ibid.]
[Footnote 396: Johnstone, July 2. 1688. The editor of Levinz's reports
expresses great wonder that, after the Revolution, Levinz was not
replaced on the bench. The facts related by Johnstone may perhaps
explain the seeming injustice.]
[Footnote 397: I draw this inference from a letter of Compton to
Sancroft, dated the 12th of June.]
[Footnote 398: Revolution Politics.]
[Footnote 399: This is the expression of an eye witness. It is in a
newsletter in the Mackintosh Collection.]
[Footnote 400: See the proceedings in the Collection of State Trials. I
have taken some touches from Johnstone, and some from Van Citters.]
[Footnote 401: Johnstone, July 2. 1688; Letter from Mr. Ince to the
Archbishop, dated at six o'clock in the morning; Tanner MS.; Revolution
Politics.]
[Footnote 402: Johnstone, July 2. 1688.]
[Footnote 403: State Trials; Oldmixon, 739.; Clarendon's Diary, June 25,
1688; Johnstone, July 2.; Citters, July 3/13 Adda, July 6/16; Luttrell's
Diary; Barillon, July 2/12]
[Footnote 404: Citters, July 3/13 The gravity with which he tells the
story has a comic effect. "Den Bisschop van Chester, wie seer de partie
van het hof houdt, om te voldoen aan syne gewoone nieusgierigheyt,
hem op dien tyt in Westminster Hall mede hebbende laten vinden, in het
uytgaan doorgaans was uytgekreten voor een grypende wolf in schaaps
kleederen; en by synde een beer van hooge stature en vollyvig,
spotsgewyse alomme geroepen was dat men voor hem plaats moeste maken, om
te laten passen, gelyck ook geschiede, om dat soo sy uytschreeuwden en
hem in het aansigt seyden, by den Paus in syn buyck hadde."]
[Footnote 405: Luttrell; Citters, July 3/13. 1688. "Soo syn in
tegendeel gedagte jurys met de uyterste acclamatie en alle teyckenen
van genegenheyt en danckbaarheyt in het door passeren van de gemeente
ontvangen. Honderden vielen haar om den hals met alle bedenckelycke
wewensch van segen en geluck over hare persoonen en familien, om dat
sy haar so heusch en eerlyck buyten verwagtinge als het ware in desen
gedragen hadden. Veele van de grooten en kleynen adel wierpen in het
wegryden handen vol gelt onder tie armen luyden, om op de gesontheyt van
den Coning, der Heeren Prelaten, en de Jurys te drincken."]
[Footnote 406: "Mi trovava con Milord Sunderland la stessa mattina,
quando venne l'Avvocato Generale a rendergli conto del successo, e
disse, che mai piu a memoria d'huomini si era sentito un applauso,
mescolato di voci e lagrime di giubilo, egual a quello che veniva egli
di vedere in quest' occasione." Adda, July 6/16. 1688.]
[Footnote 407: Burnet, i. 744.; Citters, July 3/13 1688.]
[Footnote 408: See a very curious narrative published among other
papers, in 1710, by Danby, then Duke of Leeds. There is an amusing
account of the ceremony of burning a Pope in North's Examen, 570. See
also the note on the Epilogue to the Tragedy of Oedipus in Scott's
edition of Dryden.]
[Footnote 409: Reresby's Memoirs; Citters, 3/13 July 17. 1688; Adda
6/16 July; Barillon, July 2/12 Luttrell's Diary; Newsletter of July 4.;
Oldmixon, 739.; Ellis Correspondence.]
[Footnote 410: The Fur Praedestinatus.]
[Footnote 411: This document will be found in the first of the twelve
collections of papers relating to the affairs of England, printed at the
end of 1688 and the beginning of 1689. It was put forth on the 26th of
July, not quite a month after the trial. Lloyd of Saint Asaph about
the same time told Henry Wharton that the Bishops purposed to adopt
an entirely new policy towards the Protestant Dissenters; "Omni modo
curaturos ut ecelesia sordibus et corruptelis penitus exueretur; ut
sectariis reformatis reditus in ecclesiae sinum exoptati occasio ac
ratio concederetur, si qui sobrii et pii essent; ut pertinacibus interim
jugum le aretur, extinctis penitus legibus mulciatoriis."--Excerpta ex
Vita H. Wharton.]
[Footnote 412: This change in the opinion of a section of the Tory party
is well illustrated by a little tract published at the beginning of
1689, and entitled "A Dialogue between Two Friends, wherein the Church
of England is vindicated in joining with the Prince of Orange."]
[Footnote 413: "Aut nunc, aut nunquam."--Witsen MS. quoted by Wagenaar,
book lx.]
[Footnote 414: Burnet, i. 763.]
[Footnote 415: Sidney's Diary and Correspondence, edited by Mr.
Blencowe; Mackay's Memoirs with Swift's note; Burnet, i. 763.]
[Footnote 416: Burnet, i. 764.; Letter in cipher to William, dated June
18. 1688, in Dalrymple.]
[Footnote 417: Burnet, i. 764.; Letter in cipher to William, dated June
18 1688.]
[Footnote 418: As to Montaigne, see Halifax's Letter to Cotton. I am not
sure that the head of Halifax in Westminster Abbey does not give a more
lively notion of him than any painting or engraving that I have seen.]
[Footnote 419: See Danby's Introduction to the papers which he published
in 1710; Burnet, i. 764.]
[Footnote 420: Burnet, i. 764.; Sidney to the Prince of Orange, June 30.
1688, in Dalrymple.]
[Footnote 421: Burnet, i. 763.; Lumley to William, May 31. 1688, in
Dalrymple.]
[Footnote 422: See the invitation at length in Dalrymple.]
[Footnote 423: Sidney's Letter to William, June 30. 1688; Avaux Neg.,
July 10/20 12/22]
[Footnote 424: Bonrepaux, July 18/28 1687.]
[Footnote 425: Birch's Extracts, in the British Museum.]
[Footnote 426: Avaux Neg., Oct 29/Nov 9 1683]
[Footnote 427: As to the relation in which the Stadtholder and the city
of Amsterdam stood towards each other, see Avaux, passim.]
[Footnote 428: Adda, July 6/16 1688.]
[Footnote 429: Reresby's Memoirs.]
[Footnote 430: Barillon, July 2/12 1688.]
[Footnote 431: London Gazette of July 16. 1688. The order bears date
July 12.]
[Footnote 432: Barillon's own phrase, July 6/16 1688.]
[Footnote 433: In one of the numerous ballads of that time are the
following lines:
"Both our Britons are fooled,
Who the laws overruled,
And next parliament each will he plaguily schooled."
The two Britons are Jeffreys and Williams, who were both natives of
Wales.]
[Footnote 434: London Gazette, July 9. 1688.]
[Footnote 435: Ellis Correspondence, July 10. 1688; Clarendon's Diary,
Aug. 3. 1688.]
[Footnote 436: London Gazette, July 9. 1688; Adda, July 13/23 Evelyn's
Diary, July 12. Johnstone, Dec. 8/18 1687, Feb. 6/16 1688.]
[Footnote 437: Sprat's Letters to the Earl of Dorset; London Gazette,
Aug. 23. 1688.]
[Footnote 438: London Gazette, July 26. 1688; Adda, July 27/Aug 6.;
Newsletter in the Mackintosh Collection, July 25. Ellis Correspondence,
July 28. 31; Wood's Fasti Oxonienses.]
[Footnote 439: Wood's Athenae Oxonienses; Luttrell's Diary, Aug. 23.
1688.]
[Footnote 440: Ronquillo, Sept. 17/27 1688; Luttrell's Diary, Sept. 6.]
[Footnote 441: Ellis Correspondence, August 4. 7. 1688; Bishop Sprat's
relation of the Conference of Nov. 6. 1688.]
[Footnote 442: Luttrell's Diary, Aug. 8. 1688.]
[Footnote 443: This is told us by three writers who could well remember
that time, Kennet, Eachard, and Oldmixon. See also the Caveat against
the Whigs.]
[Footnote 444: Barillon, Aug 24/Sept 1 1688; Sept. 3/13 6/16 8/18]
[Footnote 445: Luttrell's Diary, Aug. 27. 1688.]
[Footnote 446: King's State of the Protestants of Ireland; Secret
Consults of the Romish Party in Ireland.]
[Footnote 447: Secret Consults of he Romish Party in Ireland.]
[Footnote 448: History of the Desertion, 1689; compare the first and
second editions; Barillon, Sept. 8/18 1688; Citters of the same date;
Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 168. The compiler of the last
mentioned work says that Churchill moved the court to sentence the six
officers to death. This story does not appear to have been taken from
the King's papers; I therefore regard it as one of the thousand fictions
invented at Saint Germains for the purpose of blackening a character
which was black enough without such daubing. That Churchill may have
affected great indignation on this occasion, in order to hide the
treason which he meditated, is highly probable. But it is impossible
to believe that a man of his sense would have urged the members of a
council of war to inflict a punishment which was notoriously beyond
their competence.]
[Footnote 449: The song of Lillibullero is among the State Poems, to
Percy's Relics the first part will be found, but not the second part,
which was added after William's landing. In the Examiner and in several
pamphlets of 1712 Wharton is mentioned as the author.]
[Footnote 450: See the Negotiations of the Count of Avaux. It would be
almost impossible for me to cite all the passages which have furnished
me with materials for this part of my narrative. The most important will
be found under the following dates: 1685, Sept. 20, Sept. 24, Oct. 5,
Dec. 20; 1686, Jan. 3, Nov. 22; 1687, Oct. 2, Nov. 6, Nov. 19 1688, July
29, Aug. 20. Lord Lonsdale, in his Memoirs, justly remarks that, but for
the mismanagement of Lewis, the city of Amsterdam would have prevented
the Revolution.]
[Footnote 451: Professor Von Ranke, Die Romischen Papste, book viii.;
Burnet, i. 759.]
[Footnote 452: Burnet, i. 758.; Lewis paper bears date Aug 27/Sept 6
1688. It will be found in the Recueil des Traites, vol. iv. no. 219.]
[Footnote 453: For the consummate dexterity with which he exhibited two
different views of his policy to two different parties he was afterwards
bitterly reviled by the Court of Saint Germains. "Licet Foederatis
publicus ille preado haud aliud aperte proponat nisi ut Galici imperii
exuberans amputetur potesias, veruntamen sibi et suis ex haeretica faece
complicibus, ut pro comperto habemus, longe aliud promittit, nempe ut,
exciso vel enervato Francorum regno, ubi Catholicarum partium summum
jam robur situm est, haeretica ipsorum pravitas per orbem Christisnum
universum praevaleat."--Letter of James to the Pope; evidently written
in 1689.]
[Footnote 454: Avaux Neg., Aug. 2/12 10/20 11/21 14/24 16/26 17/27 Aug
23/Sept 2 1688.]
[Footnote 455: Ibid., Sept. 4/14 1688.]
[Footnote 456: Burnet, i. 765.; Churchill's letter bears date Aug. 4.
1688.]
[Footnote 457: William to Bentinck, Aug. 17/27 1688.]
[Footnote 458: Memoirs of the Duke of Shrewsbury, 1718.]
[Footnote 459: London Gazette, April 25. 28. 1687.]
[Footnote 460: Secret Consults of the Romish Party in Ireland. This
account is strongly confirmed by what Bonrepaux wrote to Seignelay,
Sept. 12/22 1687. "Il (Sunderland) amassera beaucoup d'argent, le roi
son maitre lui donnant la plus grande partie de celui qui provient des
confiscations on des accommodemens que ceux qui ont encouru des peines
font pour obtenir leur grace."]
[Footnote 461: Adda says that Sunderland's terror was visible. Oct
26/Nov 5 1688.]
[Footnote 462: Compare Evelyn's account of her with what the Princess of
Denmark wrote about her to the Hague, and with her own letters to Henry
Sidney.]
[Footnote 463: Bonrepaux to Seignelay, July 11/21 1688.]
[Footnote 464: See her letters in the Sidney Diary and Correspondence
lately published. Mr. Fox, in his copy of Barillon's despatches, marked
the 30th of August N.S. 1688, as the date from which it was quite
certain that Sunderland was playing false.]
[Footnote 465: Aug 19/29 1688]
[Footnote 466: Sept 4/14 1688]
[Footnote 467: Avaux, July 19/29 July 31/Aug 10 Aug. [11]/21 1688; Lewis
to Barillon, Aug. 2/12, 16/26.]
[Footnote 468: Barillon, Aug. 20/30 Aug 23/Sept 2 1688 Adda, Aug 24/Sept
3; Clarke's Life of James, ii. 177. Orig. Mem.]
[Footnote 469: Lewis to Barillon, Sept. 3/13 8/18 11/21 1688.]
[Footnote 470: Avaux, Aug 23/Sept 2, Aug 30/Sept 9 1688.]
[Footnote 471: "Che l'adulazione e la vanita gli avevano tornato il
capo"--Adda, Aug 31/Sept 10 1688.]
[Footnote 472: Citters, Sept. 11/21 1688 Avaux, Sept. 17/27 Sept 27/Oct
7 Oct. 3 Wagenaar, book lx.; Sunderland's Apology. It has been often
asserted that James declined the help of a French army. The truth is
that no such army was offered. Indeed, the French troops would have
served James much more effectually by menacing the frontiers of Holland
than by crossing the Channel.]
[Footnote 473: Lewis to Barillon, Sept. 20/30 1688.]
[Footnote 474: Avaux, Sept 27/Oct 7 27. Oct. 4/14 1688.]
[Footnote 475: Madame de Sevigne, Oct 24/Nov 3 1688.]
[Footnote 476: Witsen MS. quoted by Wagenaar; Lord Lonsdale's Memoirs;
Avaux, Oct. 4/14 5/15 1688. The formal declaration of the States
General, dated Oct. 18/28 will be found in the Recueil des Traites, vol.
iv. no. 225.]
[Footnote 477: Abrege de la Vie de Frederic Duc de Schomberg, 1690;
Sidney to William, June 30. 1688; Burnet, i. 677.]
[Footnote 478: Burnet, i. 584.; Mackay's Memoirs.]
[Footnote 479: Burnet, i. 775. 780.]
[Footnote 480: Eachard's History of the Revolution, ii. 2.]
[Footnote 481: Pepys's Memoirs relating to the Royal Navy, 1690.
Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 186 Orig. Mem.; Adda, Sept 21/Oct
1 Citters, Sept 21/Oct 1]
[Footnote 482: Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 186. Orig. Mem.;
Adda, Sept 14/Oct 2 Citters, Sept 21/Oct 1]
[Footnote 483: Adda, Sept 28/Oct. 8. 1688. This despatch describes
strongly James's dread of an universal defection of his subjects.]
[Footnote 484: All the scanty light which we have respecting this
negotiation is derived from Reresby. His informant was a lady whom he
does not name, and who certainly was not to be implicitly trusted.]
[Footnote 485: London Gazette, Sept. 24. 27., Oct. 1., 1688.]
[Footnote 486: Tanner MSS.; Burnet, i. 784. Burnet has, I think,
confounded this audience with an audience which took place a few weeks
later.]
[Footnote 487: London Gazette, Oct. 8. 1688.]
[Footnote 488: Ibid.]
[Footnote 489: Ibid. Oct. 15. 1688; Adda, Oct. 12/22 The Nuncio,
though generally an enemy to violent courses, seems to have opposed the
restoration of Hough, probably from regard for the interests of Giffard
and the other Roman Catholics who were quartered in Magdalene College.
Leyburn declared himself "nel sentimento che fosse stato non spoglio,
e che il possesso in cui si trovano ora li Cattolici fosse violento ed
illegale, onde non era privar questi di no dritto acquisto, ma rendere
agli altri quello che era stato levato con violenza."]
[Footnote 490: London Gazette, Oct. 18. 1688.]
[Footnote 491: "Vento Papista." says Adda Oct 24/Nov 3 1688. The
expression Protestant wind seems to have been first applied to the wind
which kept Tyrconnel, during some time, from taking possession of the
government of Ireland. See the first part of Lillibullero.]
[Footnote 492: All the evidence on this point is collected in Howell's
edition of the State Trials.]
[Footnote 493: It will be found with much illustrative matter in
Howell's edition of the State Trials.]
[Footnote 494: Barillon, Oct. 8/18 16/26 18/28 Oct 25/Nov 4 Oct.
[27]/Nov 6 Oct 29/Nov 8 1688; Adda, Oct 26/Nov 5]
[Footnote 495: London Gazette, Oct. 29. 1688.]
[Footnote 496: Register of the Proceedings of the States of Holland and
West Friesland; Burnet, i. 782.]
[Footnote 497: London Gazette, Oct. 29. 1688; Burnet, i. 782.; Bentinck
to his wife, Oct. 21/31 Oct. 22/Nov 1 Oct 24/Nov 3 Oct. 27/Nov 6 1688.]
[Footnote 498: Citters. Nov. 2/12 1688: Adda, Nov. 2/12]
[Footnote 499: Ronquillo, Nov. 12/22 1688. "Estas respuestas," says
Ronquillo, "son ciertas, aunque mas las encubrian en la corte."]
[Footnote 500: London Gazette, Nov. 5 1688. The Proclamation is dated
Nov. 2.]
[Footnote 501: Tanner MSS.]
[Footnote 502: Burnet, i. 787.; Rapin; Whittle's Exact Diary; Expedition
of the Prince of Orange to England, 1688; History of the Desertion,
1688; Dartmouth to James. Nov. 5. 1688, in Dalrymple.]
[Footnote 503: Avaux, July 12/22 Aug. 14/24 1688. On this subject, Mr.
De Jonge, who is connected by affinity with the descendants of the
Dutch Admiral Evertsen, has kindly communicated to me some interesting
information derived from family papers. In a letter to Bentinck, dated
Sept. 6/16 1688, William insists strongly on the importance of avoiding
an action, and begs Bentinck to represent this to Herbert. "Ce n'est
pas le tems de faire voir sa bravoure, ni de se battre si l'on le
peut eviter. Je luy l'ai deja dit: mais il sera necessaire que vous le
repetiez et que vous le luy fassiez bien comprendre."]
[Footnote 504: Rapin's History; Whittle's Exact Diary. I have seen a
contemporary Dutch chart of the order in which the fleet sailed.]
[Footnote 505: Adda, Nov. 1688; Newsletter in the Mackintosh Collection;
Citters Nov 6/16]
[Footnote 506: Burnet, i. 788.; Extracts from the Legge Papers in the
Mackintosh Collection.]
[Footnote 507: I think that nobody who compares Burnet's account of
this conversation with Dartmouth's can doubt that I have correctly
represented what passed.]
[Footnote 508: I have seen a contemporary Dutch print of the
disembarkation. Some men are bringing the Prince's bedding into the hut
on which his flag is flying.]
[Footnote 509: Burnet, i. 789.; Legge Papers.]
[Footnote 510: On Nov. 9. 1688, James wrote to Dartmouth thus: "Nobody
could work otherwise than you did. I am sure all knowing seamen must be
of the same mind." But see Clarke's Life of James, ii. 207. Orig. Mem,]
[Footnote 511: Burnet, i. 790.]
[Footnote 512: See Whittle's Diary, the Expedition of his Highness,
and the Letter from Exon published at the time. I have myself seen two
manuscript newsletters describing the pomp of the Prince's entrance into
Exeter. A few months later a bad poet wrote a play, entitled "The late
Revolution." One scene is laid at Exeter. "Enter battalions of the
Prince's army, on their march into the city, with colours flying,
drums beating, and the citizens shouting." A nobleman named Misopapas
says,--"can you guess, my Lord, How dreadful guilt and fear has
represented Your army in the court? Your number and your stature Are
both advanced; all six foot high at least, In bearskins clad, Swiss,
Swedes, and Brandenburghers." In a song which appeared just after
the entrance into Exeter, the Irish are described as mere dwarfs in
comparison of the giants whom William commanded:
"Poor Berwick, how will thy dear joys
Oppose this famed viaggio?
Thy tallest sparks wilt be mere toys
To Brandenburgh and Swedish boys,
Coraggio! Coraggio!"
Addison alludes, in the Freeholder, to the extraordinary effect which
these romantic stories produced.]
[Footnote 513: Expedition of the Prince of Orange; Oldmixon, 755.;
Whittle's Diary; Eachard, iii. 911.; London Gazette, Nov. 15. 1688.]
[Footnote 514: London Gazette, Nov. 15 1688; Expedition of the Prince of
Orange.]
[Footnote 515: Clarke's Life of James, ii. 210. Orig. Mem.; Sprat's
Narrative, Citters, Nov 6/16 1688]
[Footnote 516: Luttrell's Diary; Newsletter in the Mackintosh
Collection; Adda, Nov 16/26 1688]
[Footnote 517: Johnstone, Feb. 27. 1688 Citters of the same date.]
[Footnote 518: Lysons, Magna Britannia Berkshire.]
[Footnote 519: London Gazette, Nov. 15 1688; Luttrell's Diary.]
[Footnote 520: Burnet, i. 790. Life of William, 1703.]
[Footnote 521: Clarke's Life of James, ii. 215.; Orig. Mem.; Burnet, i.
790. Clarendon's Diary, Nov. 15 1688; London Gazette, Nov. 17.]
[Footnote 522: Clarke's Life of James, ii. 218.; Clarendon's Diary, Nov.
15. 1688 Citters, Nov. 16/26]
[Footnote 523: Clarendon's Diary, Nov. 15, 16, 17. 20. 1688.]
[Footnote 524: Clarke's Life of James, ii. 219. Orig. Mem.]
[Footnote 525: Clarendon's Diary, from Nov. 8. to Nov. 17. 1688.]
[Footnote 526: Clarke's Life of James, ii. 212. Orig. Mem.; Clarendon's
Diary, Nov. 17. 1688; Citters, Nov 20/30; Burnet, i. 791.; Some
Reflections upon the most Humble Petition to the King's most Excellent
Majesty, 1688; Modest Vindication of the Petition; First Collection of
Papers relating to English Affairs, 1688.]
[Footnote 527: Adda, Nov. 12/22 1688.]
[Footnote 528: Clarke's Life of James, 220, 221.]
[Footnote 529: Eachard's History of the Revolution.]
[Footnote 530: Seymour's reply to William is related by many writers. It
much resembles a story which is told of the Manriquez family. They, it
is said, took for their device the words, "Nos no descendemos de los
Reyes, sino los Reyes descienden de nos."--Carpentariana.]
[Footnote 531: Fourth Collection of Papers, 1688 Letter from Exon;
Burner, i. 792.]
[Footnote 532: Burnet, i. 792.; History of the Desertion; Second
Collection of Papers, 1688.]
[Footnote 533: Letter of Bath to the Prince of Orange, Nov. 18. 1688;
Dalrymple.]
[Footnote 534: First Collection of Papers, 1688; London Gazette, Nov.
22.]
[Footnote 535: Reresby's Memoirs; Clarke's. Life of James, ii. 231.
Orig. Mem.]
[Footnote 536: Cibber's Apology History of the Desertion; Luttrell's
Diary; Second Collection of Papers, 1688.]
[Footnote 537: Whittle's Diary; History of the Desertion; Luttrell's
Diary.]
[Footnote 538: Clarke's Life of James, i. 222. Orig. Mem; Barillon, Nov
21/Dec 1 1688; Sheridan MS.]
[Footnote 539: First Collection of Papers, 1688.]
[Footnote 540: Letter from Middleton to Preston dated Salisbury, Nov.
25. "Villany upon villany," says Middleton, "the last still greater than
the former." Clarke's Life of James, ii. 224, 225. Orig. Mem.]
[Footnote 541: History of the Desertion; Luttrell's Diary.]
[Footnote 542: Dartmouth's note on Burnet, i. 643.]
[Footnote 543: Clarendon's Diary, Nov. 26.; Clarke's Life of James, ii.
224.; Prince George's letter to the King has often been printed.]
[Footnote 544: The letter, dated Nov. 18, will be found in Dalrymple.]
[Footnote 545: Clarendon's Diary, Nov. 25, 26. 1688; Citters, Nov 26/Dec
6; Ellis Correspondence, Dec. 19.; Duchess of Marlborough's Vindication;
Burnet, i. 792; Compton to the Prince of Orange, Dec. 2. 1688, in
Dalrymple. The Bishop's military costume is mentioned in innumerable
pamphlets and lampoons.]
[Footnote 546: Dartmouth's note on Burnet, i. 792.; Citters Nov 26/Dec
6 1688; Clarke's Life of James, i. 226. Orig. Mem.; Clarendon's Diary,
Nov. 26; Revolution Politics.]
[Footnote 547: Clarke's Life of James, ii. 236. Orig. Mem.; Burnet, i.
794.: Luttrell's Diary; Clarendon's Diary, Nov. 27. 1688; Citters, Nov
27/Dec 7 and Nov 30/Dec 10
Citters evidently had his intelligence from one of the Lords who were
present. As the matter is important I will give two short passages from
his despatches. The King said, "Dat het by na voor hem unmogelyck was
to pardoneren persoonen wie so hoog in syn reguarde schuldig stonden,
vooral seer uytvarende jegens den Lord Churchill, wien hy hadde groot
gemaakt, en nogtans meynde de eenigste oorsake van alle dese desertie
en van de retraite van hare Coninglycke Hoogheden te wesen." One of
the lords, probably Halifax or Nottingham, "seer hadde geurgeert op de
securiteyt van de lords die nu met syn Hoogheyt geengageert staan. Soo
hoor ick," says Citters, "dat syn Majesteyt onder anderen soude gesegt
hebben; 'Men spreekt al voor de securiteyt voor andere, en niet voor
de myne.' Waar op een der Pairs resolut dan met groot respect soude
geantwoordt hebben dat, soo syne Majesteyt's wapenen in staat warm om
hem te connen mainteneren, dat dan sulk syne securiteyte koude wesen;
soo niet, en soo de difficulteyt dan nog to surmonteren was, dat het den
moeste geschieden door de meeste condescendance, en hoe meer die was,
en hy genegen om aan de natie contentement te geven, dat syne securiteyt
ook des to grooter soude wesen."]
[Footnote 548: Letter of the Bishop of St. Asaph to the Prince of
Orange, Dec. 17, 1688.]
[Footnote 549: London Gazette, Nov, 29. Dec. [3]. 1688; Clarendon's
Diary, Nov. 29, 30.]
[Footnote 550: Barillon, December 1/11 1688.]
[Footnote 551: James to Dartmouth, Nov. 25. 1688. The letters are in
Dalrymple.]
[Footnote 552: James to Dartmouth, Dec. 1. 1688.]
[Footnote 553: Luttrell's Diary.]
[Footnote 554: Second Collection of Papers, 1688; Dartmouth's Letter,
dated December 3. 1688, will be found in Dalrymple; Clarke's Life of
James, ii. 233. Orig. Mem. James accuses Dartmouth of having got up an
address from the fleet demanding a Parliament. This is a mere calumny.
The address is one of thanks to the King for having called a Parliament,
and was framed before Dartmouth had the least suspicion that His Majesty
was deceiving the nation.]
[Footnote 555: Luttrell's Diary.]
[Footnote 556: Adda, Dec. 17. 1688.]
[Footnote 557: The Nuncio says, "Se lo avesse fatto prima di ora, per il
Re ne sarebbe stato meglio."]
[Footnote 558: See the Secret History of the Revolution, by Hugh
Speke, 1715. In the London Library is a copy of this rare work with a
manuscript note which seems to be in Speke's own hand.]
[Footnote 559: Brand's History of Newcastle; Tickell's History of Hull.]
[Footnote 560: An account of what passed at Norwich may still be seen
in several collections on the original broadside. See also the Fourth
Collection of Papers, 1688.]
[Footnote 561: Clarke's Life of James, ii. 233.; MS. Memoir of the
Harley family in the Mackintosh Collection.]
[Footnote 562: Citters, Dec. 9/19 1688. Letter of the Bishop of Bristol
to the Prince of Orange, Dec 5. 1688, in Dalrymple.]
[Footnote 563: Citters, Nov 27/Dec 7 1688; Clarendon's Diary, Dec. 11.;
Song on Lord Lovelace's entry into Oxford, 1688; Burnet, i. 793.]
[Footnote 564: Clarendon's Diary, Dec. 2, 3, 4, 5. 1688.]
[Footnote 565: Whittles Exact Diary; Eachard's History of the
Revelation.]
[Footnote 566: Citters, Nov. 20/30 Dec. 9/19 1688.]
[Footnote 567: Clarendon's Diary, Dec. 6, 7. 1688.]
[Footnote 568: Clarendon's Diary, Dec. 7. 1688.]
[Footnote 569: History of the Desertion; Citters, Dec. 9/19 1688; Exact
Diary; Oldmixon, 760.]
[Footnote 570: See a very interesting note on the fifth canto of Sir
Walter Scott's Rokeby.]
[Footnote 571: My account of what passed at Hungerford is taken from
Clarendon's Diary, Dec. 8, 9. 1688; Burnet, i. 794; the Paper delivered
to the Prince by the Commissioners, and the Prince's Answer; Sir Patrick
Hume's Diary; Citters Dec. 9/19]
[Footnote 572: Clarke's Life of James, ii. 237. Burnet, strange to say,
had not heard, or had forgotten, that the prince was brought back to
London, i. 796.]
[Footnote 573: Clarke's Life of James, ii. 246.; Pere d'Orleans,
Revolutions d'Angleterre, xi.; Madame de Sevigne, Dec. 14/24. 1688;
Dangeau, Memoires, Dec. 13/23. As to Lauzun, see the Memoirs of
Mademoiselle and of the Duke of St. Simon, and the Characters of
Labruyere.]
[Footnote 574: History of the Desertion; Clarke's Life Of James. ii.
251. Orig. Mem.; Mulgrave's Account of the Revolution; Burnet, i. 795]
[Footnote 575: History of the Desertion; Mulgrave's Account of the
Revolution; Fachard's History of the Revolution.]
[Footnote 576: London Gazette, Dec. 13. 1688.]
[Footnote 577: Clarke's Life of James, ii. 259.; Mulgrave's Account of
the Revolution; Legge Papers in the Mackintosh Collection.]
[Footnote 578: London Gazette, Dec. 13 1688; Barillon, Dec. 14/24.;
Citters, same date; Luttrell's Diary; Clarke's Life of James, ii. 256.
Orig. Mem; Ellis Correspondence, Dec. 13.; Consultation of the Spanish
Council of State, Jan. 19/29, 1689. It appears that Ronquillo complained
bitterly to his government of his losses; "Sirviendole solo de consuelo
el haber tenido prevencion de poder consumir El Santisimo."]
[Footnote 579: London Gazette, Dec. 13 1688; Luttrell's Diary;
Mulgrave's Account of the Revolution; Consultation of the Spanish
Council of State, Jan. 19/29 1689. Something was said about reprisals:
but the Spanish council treated the suggestion with contempt. "Habiendo
sido este hecho por un furor de pueblo, sin consentimiento del gobierno
y antes contra su voluntad, como lo ha mostrado la satisfaccion que le
han dado y le han prometido, parece que no hay juicio humano que puede
aconsejar que se pase a semejante remedio."]
[Footnote 580: North's Life of Guildford, 220.; Jeffreys' Elegy;
Luttrell's Diary; Oldmixon, 762. Oldmixon was in the crowd, and was, I
doubt not, one of the most furious there. He tells the story well. Ellis
Correspondence; Barnet, i. 797. and Onslow's note.]
[Footnote 581: Adda, Dec. 9/19; Citters, Dec. 18/28]
[Footnote 582: Citters, Dec. 14/24. 1688; Luttrell's Diary; Ellis
Correspondence; Oldmixon, 761.; Speke's Secret History of the
Revolution; Clarke's Life of James, ii. 257.; Eachard's History of the
Revolution; History of the Desertion.]
[Footnote 583: Clarke's Life of James, ii. 258.]
[Footnote 584: Secret History of the Revolution.]
[Footnote 585: Clarendon's Diary, Dec. 13. 1688; Citters, Dec 14/24;
Eachard's History of the Revolution.]
[Footnote 586: Citters, Dec. 14/24 688; Luttrell's Diary.]
[Footnote 587: Clarke's Life of James ii. 251. Orig. Mem.; Letter
printed in Tindal's Continuation of Rapin. This curious letter is in the
Harl. MSS. 6852.]
[Footnote 588: Reresby was told, by a lady whom he does not name, that
the King had no intention of withdrawing till he received a letter from
Halifax, who was then at Hungerford. The letter, she said, informed
His Majesty that, if he staid, his life would be in danger. This is
certainly a mere romance. The King, before the Commissioners left
London, had told Barillon that their embassy was a mere feint, and
had expressed a full resolution to leave the country. It is clear from
Reresby's own narrative that Halifax thought himself shamefully used.]
[Footnote 589: Harl. MS. 255.]
[Footnote 590: Halifax MS.; Citters, Dec. 18/28. 1688.]
[Footnote 591: Mulgrave's Account of the Revolution.]
[Footnote 592: See his proclamation, dated from St. Germains, April 20.
1692.]
[Footnote 593: Clarke's Life of James, ii. 261. Orig. Mem.]
[Footnote 594: Clarendon's Diary, Dec. 16. 1688; Barnet, i. 800.]
[Footnote 595: Clarke's Life of James, ii. 262. Orig. Mem.; Barnet,
i. 799 In the History of the Desertion (1689), it is affirmed that the
shouts on this occasion were uttered merely by some idle boys, and that
the great body of the people looked on in silence. Oldmixon, who was
in the crowd, says the same; and Ralph, whose prejudices were very
different from Oldmixon's, tells us that the information which he had
received from a respectable eye witness was to the same effect. The
truth probably is that the signs of joy were in themselves slight, but
seemed extraordinary because a violent explosion of public indignation
had been expected. Barillon mentions that there had been acclamations
and some bonfires, but adds, "Le people dans le fond est pour le Prince
d'Orange." Dec. 17/27 1688.]
[Footnote 596: London Gazette, Dec. 16. 1688; Mulgrave's Account of the
Revolution; History of the Desertion; Burnet, i. 799.; Evelyn's Diary,
Dec. 13. 17. 1688.]
[Footnote 597: Clarke's History of James, ii. 262. Orig. Mem.]
[Footnote 598: Barillon, Dec. 17/27 1681; Clarke's Life of James, ii.
271.]
[Footnote 599: Mulgrave's Account of the Revolution; Clarendon's Diary,
Dec. 16. 1688.]
[Footnote 600: Burnet i. 800.; Clarendon's Diary, Dec. 17 1688; Citters,
Dec. 18/28. 1688.]
[Footnote 601: Burnet, i. 800.; Conduct of the Duchess of Marlborough;
Mulgrave's Account of the Revolution. Clarendon says nothing of this
under the proper date; but see his Diary, August 19. 1689.]
[Footnote 602: Harte's Life of Gustavus Adolphus.]
[Footnote 603: Clarke's Life of James ii. 264. mostly from Orig. Mem.;
Mulgrave's Account of the Revolution; Rapin de Thoyras. It must be
remembered that in these events Rapin was himself an actor.]
[Footnote 604: Clarke's Life of James, ii. 265. Orig. Mem.; Mulgrave's
Account of the Revolution; Burnet, i, 801.; Citters, Dec. 18/28. 1688.]
[Footnote 605: Citters, Dec. 18/28. 1688; Evelyn's Diary, same date;
Clarke's Life of James, ii. 266, 267. Orig. Mem.]
[Footnote 606: Citters Dec. 18/28 1688,]
[Footnote 607: Luttrell's Diary; Evelyn's Diary; Clarendon's Diary, Dec.
18. 1688; Revolution Politics.]
[Footnote 608: Fourth Collection of papers relating to the present
juncture of affairs in England, 1688; Burnet, i. 802, 803.; Calamy's
Life and Times of Baxter, chap. xiv.]
[Footnote 609: Burnet, i. 803.]
[Footnote 610: Gazette de France, Jan 26/ Feb 5 1689.]
[Footnote 611: History of the Desertion; Clarendon's Diary, Dec. 21.
1688; Burnet, i. 803. and Onslow's note.]
[Footnote 612: Clarendon's Diary, Dec. 21. 1688; Citters, same date.]
[Footnote 613: Clarendon's Diary, Dec. 21, 22. 1688; Clarke's Life of
James, ii. 268. 270. Orig. Mem.]
[Footnote 614: Clarendon, Dec. 23, 1688; Clarke's Life of James, ii.
271. 273. 275. Orig. Mem.]
[Footnote 615: Citters, Jan. 1/11. 1689; Witsen MS. quoted by Wagenaar,
book lx.]
[Footnote 616: Halifax's notes; Lansdowne MS. 255.; Clarendon's Diary,
Dec. 24. 1688; London Gazette, Dec. 31.]
[Footnote 617: Citters, Dec 28/Jan 4 1688.]
[Footnote 618: The objector was designated in contemporary books and
pamphlets only by his initials; and these were sometimes misinterpreted.
Eachard attributes the cavil to Sir Robert Southwell. But I have no
doubt that Oldmixon is right in putting it into the mouth of Sawyer.]
[Footnote 619: History of the Desertion; Life of William, 1703; Citters,
Dec 28/Jan 7 1688/9]
[Footnote 620: London Gazette, Jan. 3. 7. 1688/9.]
[Footnote 621: London Gazette, Jan. 10 17. 1688/9; Luttrell's Diary;
Legge Papers; Citters, 1/11 4/14 11/21. 1689; Ronquillo, Jan. 15/25 Feb
23/Mar 5; Consultation of the Spanish Council of State. March 26/April
5]
[Footnote 622: Burnet, i,. 802; Ronquillo, Jan. 2/12 Feb. 8/18. 1689.
The originals of these despatches were entrusted to me by the kindness
of the late Lady Holland and of the present Lord Holland. Prom the
latter despatch I will quote a very few words: "La tema de S. M.
Britanica a seguir imprudentes consejos perdio a los Catolicos aquella
quietud en que les dexo Carlos segundo. V. E. asegure a su Santidad que
mas sacare del Principe para los Catolicos que pudiera sacar del Rey."]
[Footnote 623: On December 13/23. 1688, the Admiral of Castile gave his
opinion thus: "Esta materia es de calidad que no puede dexar de padecer
nuestra sagrada religion o el servicio de V. M.; porque, si e1 Principe
de Orange tiene buenos succesos, nos aseguraremos de Franceses, pero
peligrara la religion." The Council was much pleased on February 16/26
by a letter of the Prince, in which he promised "que los Catolicos
que se portaren con prudencia no sean molestados, y gocen libertad de
conciencia, por ser contra su dictamen el forzar ni castigar por esta
razon a nadie."]
[Footnote 624: In the chapter of La Bruyere, entitled "Sur les
Jugemens," is a passage which deserves to be read, as showing in
what light our revolution appeared to a Frenchman of distinguished
abilities.]
[Footnote 625: My account of the reception of James and his wife in
France is taken chiefly from the letters of Madame de Sevigne and the
Memoirs of Dangeau.]
[Footnote 626: Albeville to Preston, Nov 23/Dec 3 1688, in the
Mackintosh Collection.]
[Footnote 627: "'Tis hier nu Hosanna: maar 't zal, veelligt, haast
Kruist hem kruist hem, zyn." Witsen, MS. in Wagenaar, book lxi. It is
an odd coincidence that, a very few years before, Richard Duke, a Tory
poet, once well known, but now scarcely remembered except by Johnson's
biographical sketch, had used exactly the same illustration about James
"Was not of old the Jewish rabble's cry,
Hosannah first, and after crucify?"
--The Review.
Despatch of the Dutch Ambassadors Extraordinary, Jan. 8/18. 1689;
Citters, same date.]
[Footnote 628: London Gazette, Jan. 7. 1688/9.]
[Footnote 629: The Sixth Collection of Papers, 1689; Wodrow, III. xii.
4. App. 150, 151; Faithful Contendings Displayed; Burnet, i. 804.]
[Footnote 630: Perth to Lady Errol, Dec. 29. 1688; to Melfort, Dec. 21.
1688; Sixth Collection of Papers, 1689.]
[Footnote 631: Burnet, i. 805.; Sixth Collection of Papers, 1689.]
[Footnote 632: Albeville, Nov. 9/19. 1688.]
[Footnote 633: See the pamphlet entitled Letter to a Member of the
Convention, and the answer, 1689; Burnet, i. 809.]
[Footnote 634: Letter to the Lords of the Council, Jan. 4/14. 1688/9;
Clarendon's Diary, Jan 9/19]
[Footnote 635: It seems incredible that any man should really have
been imposed upon by such nonsense. I therefore think it right to quote
Sancroft's words,which are still extant in his own handwriting:
"The political capacity or authority of the King, and his name in the
government, are perfect and cannot fail; but his person being human
and mortal, and not otherwise privileged than the rest of mankind,
is subject to all the defects and failings of it. He may therefore
be incapable of directing the government and dispensing the public
treasure, &c. either by absence, by infancy, lunacy, deliracy, or
apathy, whether by nature or casual infirmity, or lastly, by some
invincible prejudices of mind, contracted and fixed by education and
habit, with unalterable resolutions superinduced, in matters wholly
inconsistent and incompatible with the laws, religion, peace, and true
policy of the kingdom. In all these cases (I say) there must be some one
or more persons appointed to supply such defect, and vicariously to him,
and by his power and authority, to direct public affairs. And this done
I say further, that all proceedings, authorities, commissions, grants,
&c. issued as formerly, are legal and valid to all intents, and the
people's allegiance is the same still, their oaths and obligations no
way thwarted.... So long as the government moves by the Kings authority,
and in his name, all those sacred ties and settled forms of proceedings
are kept, and no man's conscience burthened with anything he needs
scruple to undertake."--Tanner MS.; Doyly's Life of Sancroft. It was not
altogether without reason that the creatures of James made themselves
merry with the good Archbishop's English.]
[Footnote 636: Evelyn, Jan. 15. 1688/9.]
[Footnote 637: Clarendon's Diary, Dee. 24 1688; Burnet, i. 819.;
Proposals humbly offered in behalf of the Princess of Orange, Jan. 28.
1688/9.]
[Footnote 638: Burnet, i. 389., and the notes of Speaker Onslow.]
[Footnote 639: Evelyn's Diary, Sept. 26. 1672, Oct. 12. 1679, July 13.
1700; Seymour's Survey of London.]
[Footnote 640: Burnet, i. 388.; and Speaker Onslow's note.]
[Footnote 641: Citters, Jan 22/Feb 1 1689; Grey's Debates.]
[Footnote 642: Lords' and Commons' Journals, Jan. 22. 1688; Citters and
Clarendon's Diary of the same date.]
[Footnote 643: Lords' Journals, Jan. 25. 1683; Clarendon's Diary, Jan.
23. 25.]
[Footnote 644: Commons' Journals, Jan. 28. 1688/9; Grey's Debates,
Citters Jan 29/Feb 8 If the report in Grey's Debates be correct, Citters
must have been misinformed as to Sawyer's speech.]
[Footnote 645: Lords' and Commons' Journals, Jan. 29. 1688/9]
[Footnote 646: Clarendon's Diary, Jan. 21. 1688/9; Burnet, i. 810;
Doyly's Life of Sancroft;]
[Footnote 647: See the Act of Uniformity.]
[Footnote 648: Stat. 2 Hen. 7. c. I.: Lord Coke's Institutes, part iii.
chap i.; Trial of Cook for high treason, in the Collection of State
Trials; Burnet, i. 873. and Swift's note.]
[Footnote 649: Lords Journals Jan. 29. 1688/9; Clarendon's Diary;
Evelyn's Diary; Citters; Eachard's History of the Revolution; Barnet,
i. 813.; History of the Reestablishment of the Government, 1689. The
numbers of the Contents and Not Contents are not given in the journals,
and are differently reported by different writers. I have followed
Clarendon, who took the trouble to make out lists of the majority and
minority.]
[Footnote 650: Grey's Debates; Evelyn's Diary; Life of Archbishop Sharp,
by his son; Apology for the New Separation, in a letter to Dr. John
Sharp, Archbishop of York, 1691.]
[Footnote 651: Lords' Journals, Jan. 30. 1689/8; Clarendon's Diary.]
[Footnote 652: Dartmouth's note on Burnet i. 393. Dartmouth says that it
was from Fagel that the Lords extracted the hint. This was a slip of the
pen very pardonable in a hasty marginal note; but Dalrymple and others
ought not to have copied so palpable a blunder. Fagel died in Holland,
on the 5th of December 1688, when William was at Salisbury and James
at Whitehall. The real person was, I suppose, Dykvelt, Bentinck, or
Zulestein, most probably Dykvelt.]
[Footnote 653: Both the service and Burnet's sermon are still to be
found in our great libraries, and will repay the trouble of perusal.]
[Footnote 654: Lords' Journals, Jan. 31. 1688/9.]
[Footnote 655: Citters, Feb. 5/15. 1689; Clarendon's Diary, Feb. 2. The
story is greatly exaggerated in the work entitled Revolution Politics,
an eminently absurd book, yet of some value as a record of the foolish
reports of the day. Greys Debates.]
[Footnote 656: The letter of James, dated Jan 24/Feb 3 1689, will be
found in Kennet. It is most disingenuously garbled in Clarke's Life
of James. See Clarendon's Diary, Feb. 2. 4.; Grey's Debates; Lords'
Journals, Feb. 2. 4. 1688/9.]
[Footnote 657: It has been asserted by several writers, and, among
others, by Ralph and by M. Mazure, that Danby signed this protest. This
is a mistake. Probably some person who examined the journals before they
were printed mistook Derby for Danby. Lords' Journals, Feb. 4. 1688/9.
Evelyn, a few days before, wrote Derby, by mistake, for Danby. Diary,
Jan. 29. 1688/9]
[Footnote 658: Commons' Journals, Feb. 5. 1688/9]
[Footnote 659: Burnet, i. 819.]
[Footnote 660: Clarendon's Diary, Jan. 1, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,
1688/9; Burnet, i. 807.]
[Footnote 661: Clarendon's Diary, Feb, 5. 168/9; Duchess of
Marlborough's Vindication; Mulgrave's Account of the Revolution.]
[Footnote 662: Burnet, i. 820. Burnet says that he has not related the
events of this stirring time in chronological order. I have therefore
been forced to arrange them by guess: but I think that I can scarcely
be wrong in supposing that the letter of the Princess of Orange to
Danby arrived, and that the Prince's explanation of his views was
given, between Thursday the 31st of January, and Wednesday the 6th of
February.]
[Footnote 663: Mulgrave's Account of the Revolution. In the first three
editions, I told this story incorrectly. The fault was chiefly my own
but partly Burnet's, by whose careless use of the pronoun _he_, I was
misled. Burnet, i. 818]
[Footnote 664: Commons' Journals, Feb. 6. 1688/9]
[Footnote 665: See the Lords' and Commons' Journals of Feb. 6. 1688/9
and the Report of the Conference.]
[Footnote 666: Lords' Journals, Feb. 6. 1688/9; Clarendon's Diary;
Burnet, i. 822. and Dartmouth's note; Citters, Feb. 8/18,. I have
followed Clarendon as to the numbers. Some writers make the majority
smaller and some larger.]
[Footnote 667: Lords Journals, Feb. 6, 7. 1688/9; Clarendon's Diary.]
[Footnote 668: Commons Journals, Jan. 29., Feb. 2. 1688/9.]
[Footnote 669: Commons' Journal's, Feb, 2. 1683.]
[Footnote 670: Grey's Debates; Burnet, i. 822.]
[Footnote 671: Commons' Journals, Feb. 4. 8. 11, 12.; Lords' Journals,
Feb. 9. 11. 12, 1688/9]
[Footnote 672: London Gazette, Feb. 14. 1688/9; Citters, Feb. 12/22.]
[Footnote 673: Duchess of Marlborough's Vindication; Review of the
Vindication; Burnet, i. 781. 825. and Dartmouth's note; Evelyn's Diary,
Feb. 21. 1688/9.]
[Footnote 674: Lords' and Commons' Journals, Feb. 14 1688/9; Citters,
Feb. 15/25. Citters puts into William's mouth stronger expressions of
respect for the authority of Parliament than appear in the journals; but
it is clear from what Powle said that the report in the journals was not
strictly accurate.]
[Footnote 675: London Gazette, Feb. 14. 1688/9; Lords' and Commons'
Journals, Feb. 13.; Citters, Feb 15/25; Evelyn, Feb. 21.]