_The Two Artemisias._
LVII. We find the fame of Artemisia, queen of Caria, greatly celebrated
in many histories, for her tenderness, constancy, and the conjugal
affection she bore to her husband Mausoleus, for whom she erected that
magnificient sepulchre, which is esteemed one of the seven wonders of
the world; and we find her equally applauded for her prudent conduct and
martial spirit in the war which Xerxes waged against the Greeks, and for
her behaviour upon many other occasions. But in their descriptions they
blended two different Artemisias in one, who were both queens of Caria,
and are distinguished by antient writers. She, who, in their accounts
of them, they place second, was much more antient than the other; for
she was daughter of the first Lygdamis, who was the daughter of the last
Hecatombe. From hence it should be observed, that she, who gave her name
to the herb Artemisa, was not the wife of Mausoleus, whom Pliny has
mistaken her for, but the daughter of Lygdamis; because in Hippocrates,
who was anterior to the wife of Mausoleus, we find the herb called by the
name of Artemisa.