"JAMES DUKE OF CHASTELARAULT, Erlle of Arrane, Lord Hamyltoun, second
persone of the realme of Scotland, and appearand [air] to the Croune,
the Counsalle, Nobilitie, and principall Estaittis of the same: To all
and sindrie, whais knawlege thir presentis shall come, greitting. We
have weill considerat, and be fullie persuaded in what danger,
desolatioun, and miserie, the lang enmytie with the kingdome of
Ingland, hath brocht oure Countrey heirtofoir: how wechtie and
florishing it shall become, gif those two kingdomes, as thei be
joyned in one Iland by creatioun of the warld, so may be knytt in a
constant and assured friendschip: These considerationis, groundit
upoun a most infallible treuth, aucht no less to have moved our
progenitouris and foirfatheris then us: but the present danger hanging
over oure heades, by the injust dealing of those of whome we have
alwayis best deserved, hathe caused us to wey thame more earnestlie
then thei did. The misbehaveour of the Frenche ministeris[114] heere
hathe of laitt zeris beine so greatt; the oppressioun and crueltie of
the soldiouris, the tyranny and ambitioun of thair supperiouris and
rewlleris so greavouse to the people; the viollent subversioun of our
libertie, and conqueast of the land, whair at thei have by maist
craftie and subtile meanes continuallie preassit,[115] so intollerable
to us all, that at last, when we could nott obteane the redresse by
humill suitis and earnest supplicationis presented to the Quene
Dowager, who bayth for deuties saik and place scho did occupy, aucht
to have bene most cairfull of oure estait; we have bene by verry
necessitie, constrained nott only to assay our awin forces, but also
to imploir the Quenis Majestie of England aide and supporte, quhilk
hir Majestie hes maist gentillie granted upoun certaine covenantes,
specified in ane Treaty, past at Berwick, betuix the Duck of Northfolk
his good Grace, Lievtennent for hir Majestie, on that ane pairte, and
ceartaine our Commissioneris, on that uther parte: Whairof the tennour
followeth:--
[114] In Vautr. edit., "Frenche monsters."
[115] In MS. 1566, "pressed."
"AT BERWICK, the twentie sevin day of Februare, the year of our Lord
God J^m V^c fyftie and nyne yeris. It is appointed and finallie
contracted betwix the noble and mychtie Prince, THOMAS DUKE OF
NORTHFOLKE, Erlle Marschell of England, and lievtennent to the Quenis
most excellent Majestie of the said realme, in the name and behalf of
hir Hienes, on the one pairte, and the rycht honorable Lord James
Stewart,[116] Patrik Lord Ruthven, Sir Jhone Maxweill of Terreglis
knycht, William Maitland of Lethingtoun younger, Jhone Wischarte of
Pittarrow, and Maister Henry Balnaves of Halhill, in the name and
behalf of the noble and mychtie Prince, James Duke of Chasteaularault,
second persone of the realme of Scotland, and the remanent Lordis[117]
of his parte, joyned with him in this cause, for the mainteanance and
defence of the ancient rychtes and liberteis of thair countrey, on the
other parte, in Forme as heireafter followeth: That is to say, That
the Quenis Majestie, having sufficientlie understanded, alsweill by
information sent from the Nobilitie of Scotland, as by the [manifest]
proceadings of the Frenche, that thei intend to conqueir the realme of
Scotland, suppress the liberties thairof, and unite the same unto the
Croune of France perpetuallie, contrarie to the Lawis of the same
Realme, and to the pactis, aithes, and promisses of France; and being
thairto most humblie and earnestlie requyred by the said Nobilitie,
for and in name of the hole Realme, shall accept[118] the said Realme
of Scotland, the said Duke of Chasteaularault being declared by Act of
Parliament in Scotland to be heyre appearand to the Croun thairof, and
the Nobilitie and Subjectis thairof, unto her Majesties protection and
meantenance, onlie for preservatioun of the same in thair auld
fredomes and liberties, and frome conquest during the tyme that the
mariage shall continue betwix the Queen of Scottis and the Frenche
King, and ane yeare efter: and for expelling out of the samin realme
of suche as presentlie and appearandlie goeth about to practise the
said conqueist; hir Majestie shall with all speid send unto Scotland a
convenient aide of men of warr, on horse and foote, to joyne with the
poware of Scottis men, with artelzearie, munitioun, and all uther
instrumentes of warr meitt for the purpoise, alsweill by sea as by
land, nott onlye to expell the present poware of Frenche within that
realme, oppressing the same, bot also to stopp, als far as
convenientlie may be, all greater forces of Frenche to enter thairin
for the lyke purpose; and shall continue hir Majesties aide to the
said realme, Nobilitie, and Subjectis of the same, unto the tyme the
Frenche (being ennemyes to the said realme) be utterlie expelled
hence; And shall never transact, compone, nor aggrie with the Frenche,
nor conclude any leigue with thame, except the Scottis and the Frenche
shalbe aggreit, that the Realme of Scotland may be left in dew fredome
by the Frenche; Nor shall leave the maintenance of the said Nobilitie
and Subjectis, quhairby thei mycht fall as ane pray unto thair
ennemeis handis, alse lang as thei shall acknowlege their Soveraine
Lady and Quene, and shall indure thameselfis to mainteine the libertie
of thair country, and the estait of the Croun of Scotland: And if in
caise any fortis or strenthis within the realme be wonne out of the
handis of the Frenche at this present, or at any tyme heareafter, by
hir Majesties aide, the same shalbe immediatlie demolished by the
Scottis men, or delyvered to the said Duck and his partie foirsaid, at
thair optioun and choise; neather shall the power of England fortifie
within the ground of Scotland, being out of the boundis of England,
but be the advyse of the said Duck, Nobilitie, and Estaites of
Scotland.
[116] Knox's amanuensis here introduces, as a parenthetical
explanation, "NOW ERLE OF MURAY," a clear proof of this portion of the
MS. having been transcribed before 1570. These words, also copied in
MS. G, are omitted in Vautr. edit.
[117] In Rymer, &c., "the remanent of the rest of the Lordis."
[118] In MS. 1566, "except."
"For the quhilkis causses, and in respect of hir Majesties most gentle
clemencie and liberalle supporte, the said Duck, and all the
Nobillitie, alsweill suche as be now joyned, as suche as shall
heireafter joyne with him for defence of the libertie of that Realme,
shall, to the utermaist of thair powar, aide and supporte hir
Majestie's arme aganis the Frenche, and thair partaikaris, with horse
men, and foote men, and with victuallis, by land and by sea, and with
all maner of uther ayde to the best of thair powar, and so shall
continue during the tyme that hir Majesties armye shall remaine in
Scotland.
_Item_, Thei shalbe ennemyes to all such Scottis men and Frenche, as
shall in anywyse shaw thame selfis ennemyes to the realme of Ingland,
for the aiding and supporting the said Duck and Nobilitie, to the
delyverie of the Realme of Scotland frome conqueist.
_Item_, Thei shall never assent nor permitt, that the Realme of
Scotland shalbe conquered, or utherwyse knett to the Croun of France,
then it is at this present only by mariage of the Quene thair
Soveraine to the Frenche King, and by the lawes and liberties of the
Realme, as it aucht to be.
_Item_, In caise the Frenche men shall, at any tyme heirafter, invaid,
or caus to be invaded, the realme of England thei shall fournishe the
nomber of twa thousand horsmen and twa thousand[119] footmen, at the
least, or suche parte of ather of thame, at the choise of the Quenes
Majestie of England; and shall conduct the same to pas frome the
Bordaris of Scotland nixt Ingland, upon hir Majesties charges, to anie
pairte upoune the realme of England, for the defence of the same. And
in caise the invasioun be upon the northe partes of England, on the
northe parte of the water of Tyne, towardis Scotland, or against
Berwick, on the north syd of the water of Tweid, thei shall convent
and gather thair haill forces upon thair awin charges, and shall joyne
with the Ingliss poware, and shall contenew in goode and earnest
prosecutioun of the quarrell of England, during the space of thretty
dayis, or so muche langer as thei ware accustumed to tarye in the
feildis for defence of Scotland, at the commandiment of thair
Soverane, at any tyme bypast.
[119] In MS. 1566, "ane thousand;" MS. G. has "200 horsemen and 1000
foot."
And also, the Erlle of Argyle, Lord Justice of Scotland, being
presentlie joyned with the said Duck, shall employe his force and good
will, whair he shalbe requyred by the Quenes Majestie, to reduce the
north pairtis of Ireland to the perfyte obedience of England, conforme
to ane mutualle and reciproque contract, to be maid betwix hir
Majesties lieutenent or depute of Ireland being for the tyme, and the
said Erlle; quhairin shalbe conteaned what he shall do for his parte,
and quhatt the said lieutennent, or depute, shall do for his supporte,
in caise he shall have to do with James Mackonnell,[120] or ony
utheris of the Iyles of Scotland, or realme of Ireland; for
performance and sure keaping whairof, thei shall for thair pairte
enter to the foirsaid Duck of Northfolk the plaiges presentlie named
by him, befoire the entrie of hir Majesties armye in Scottis ground,
to remaine in England for the space of six monethis, and to be
exchanged upoun delyverance of new hostages, of lyke or als goode
conditioun as the formare; or being the lauchfulle sones, bretheren,
or heires of ony of the Erlles or Baronis of Parliament, that have, or
hereinafter schaw thame selfis, and persist open ennemyes to the
Frenche in this quarrell; and so forth, from sex monethis to sex
monethis, or foure monethis to foure monethis, as shall best pleis the
partie of Scotland; and the tyme of continuance of the hostages salbe
during the marriage of the Quene of Scottis to the Frenche King, and
ane yeare efter the dissolutioun of the said marriage, untill farder
ordour may be had betwix boyth the realmes for peace and concorde.
[120] In the Cotton. MS., "Monneil." Sadler (State Papers, vol. i. pp.
431, 517) calls him, "James M^cDonell," and "Macconnell," and says,
8th Sept. 1559, that the Queen Regent had endeavoured to stir him,
"and others of the Scottish Irishrie, against the Erle of Argyle," to
prevent Argyle from rendering aid to his associates, the Lords of the
Congregation.
In a Report on the state of the West Isles of Scotland drawn up by the
Dean of Limerick, in 1595 or 1596, James M^cConnell is specially
mentioned as having been "holden in great jealousie by the house of
Argyle." It is further added, that "Anne Cambell, halfe syster to the
aforesayde Erle, the wife to the Sherif of Bute, by whome she was
hardlie entreated; ... by reason of her hard usadge jorneyinge towards
Argeile, she was intercepted by the said James, and marryed; by whome
she had five sonnes and a daughter." (Miscellany of the Maitland Club,
vol. iv. p. 44.) As James Stewart, Sheriff of Bute, had lawful issue
by a second marriage, he probably had obtained a divorce from his
first wife.
And, farder more, the said Duck, and all the Nobilitie, being Erlles
and Barronis of Parliament, joyned with him, shall subscryve and seall
these Articles and comptis within the space of xx or threttie dayis,
at the uttermost, nixt following the day of the delyverance of the
said hostages; and shall also procure and persuad all utheris of the
Nobilitie that shall joyne tharne selfis heirefter with the said Duck,
for the causses above specified, lykwyis to subscryve and seall these
articles at any tyme efter the space of twentie dayis efter thair
conjunctioun, upoun requisitioun maid to thame on the partie of the
Quenes Majestie of England.
And, finallie, the said Duck, and the Nobilitie joyned with him,
certainlie perceaving, that the Quenis Majestie of England is
thairunto moved onlie upoun respect of princelie honour and
nychtbourehead, for the defence of the fredome of Scotland from
conqueist, and not of any uther sinister intent, doeth by these
presentis testifie and declair, that [neither] thai, nor any of thame,
meane by this compt to wythdraw ony dew obedience to thair Soveraine
Lady the Quene, nor in any lefull thing to withstand the Frenche King,
hir husband and head, that during the marriage shall nott tend to the
subversioun and oppressioun of the just and ancient liberties of the
said kingdome of Scotland; for preservatioun whairof, boyth for thair
Soveranis honour, and for the continuance of the kingdome in ancient
estait, thei acknowlege thameselfis bound to spend thair guidis,
landis, and lyves. And for performance of this present Contract for
the part of England, the Quenes Majestie shall confirme the same, and
all clauses thairinto contained, by hir letteris patentis, under the
Great Seall of England, to be delyvered to the Nobilitie of Scotland,
upon the entress of the pledges afoirsaid within the ground of
England.
[In witnes wheirof, the Commissionaris for the Ducke of
Chasteaularault and Nobilitie of Scotland befoir named, haif
subscryved these presentis, and thereunto affixed their seales, the
day, yeare, and place afoirsaidis:--
JAMES STEWART.
PATRICK L. RUTHWEN.
JOHNE MAXWELL.
W. MAITLAND.
JHONE WYSHART.
HENRICUS BALNAVES.]
In witnes quhairof, the said Duck his Grace of Northfolke,[121] hath
subscryved these presentis, and thairinto affixit his seall, the day,
yeare, and place foirsaid.
[THO. NORFFOLK.]
[121] Knox has here inserted the Articles of the Convention at
Berwick, 27th February 1559-60, as confirmed by the Duke of
Chattelherault, at Leith, 10th May 1560, "after the incoming of the
English armies," (Calderwood's Hist. vol. i. p. 578.) In this
confirmation the signatures of the Scotish Commissioners to the
Articles are omitted, as the copy it embodied was that exchanged with
the said Commissioners, and attested by Thomas Duke of Norfolk, Earl
Marischal of England, as Commissioner from Queen Elizabeth. The
original Articles, with the signatures of the Scotish Commissioners,
as given in the text above, along with the clause enclosed within
brackets, are inserted in Rymer's Foedera, etc., vol. xv. p. 569;
edit. 1740, vol. vi. par. iv. p. 95, under this title, "Conventiones
Scotorum contra Reginam Unionem Franciæ et Scotiæ designantem, et pro
Defensione contra Francos." A copy of these Articles, from a minute
endorsed by Secretary Cecil, and printed among the Burghley State
Papers, p. 253, omits the testing clause altogether. In the same
volume, there is a letter from the Duke of Norfolk to the Privy
Council, last of February, stating,--"that these three daies have we
been in conference and consultation with the Lords of Scotland, upon
this great and weighty matter." Copies of this Convention are also
preserved among the Cotton. MSS. Calig. B. ix. fol. 34, and B. x, fol.
69. The Commission, dated 29th March 1560, added to one of these MSS.,
has thefollowing marginal note by Sir Robert Cotton:--"It seems by the
Commission given by the Queen for confirmation of these Articles,
dated in the month of March following, that this treaty was concluded
before the Queen would openly profess herself a party, which is to be
noted."
Whiche Contract we find honest, reassonable, and that our saidis
Commissioneris thair hathe consideratlie respected to the comoun
wealth of this realme, of us, and our posteritie; and thairfoire do
ratifie, allow, confirme, and approve the same, with all clauses and
articles thairin contained, by thir presentis.
In witnes heirof, to the same subscryved with our handis, our seallis
of armes, in sick caises accustomed, are appended. At the camp
foiranent Leyth, the tent day of May, the year of God J^m V^c and
thriescoir yearis.
(_Follow the Subscriptionis._[122])
[Sidenote: THE SUBSCRIPTIONIS.]
THE DUCK OF CHASTEAULARAULT.
EARLE OF ARRANE.
EARLE OF HUNTLIE.
EARLE OF GLENCARNE.
EARLE OF MORTOUN.
EARLE OF ROTHESS.
EARLE OF MOUNTEITH.
LORD OGULVIE.
LORD OCHILTRIE.
LORD ROBERT STEWARTE.
GAWIN HAMYLTOUN OF KILWYNING.[123]
ERLE OF ARGYLE.
LORD BORTHWICK.
LORD JAMES STEWARTE.
LORD OF SANCT JHONE.
ALEXANDER GORDOUN.
LORD JHONE OF ABERBROTHOK.[124]
LORD BOYDE.
LORD SOMMERVAILL.
ABBOT OF KINLOSS.
ABBOT OF CULROSS.
JAMES STEWART OF SANCT COLMES INCHE.[125]
[122] These Subscriptions obviously exhibit the names and not the
actual signatures of the Subscribers.
[123] Commendator of Kilwinning.
[124] Lord John Hamilton, Commendator of Aberbrothock.
[125] Commendator of the Monastery of Inchcohn, or St. Colme's Inch.
THE INSTRUCTIONIS GEVIN, SUBSCRYVIT TO THE SAID COMMISSIONARIS [THAT
WENT TO BERWICK, AR THIR AS][126] FOLLOW:--
[126] The words enclosed in brackets, are supplied from MS. G.
AND for the first, Gif it shalbe askyt of yow be the said Duck of
Northfolk his Grace, and otheris, [by] the Quenes Majesties
appointment, appointed Commissionaris, gif our pledges be in reddines?
Ye shall answer, that thei ar, and in Sanctandrois, the xxiiij of this
instant, and shalbe reddy to delyver in hostages for securitie of our
promisses, and part of contract, thei offering and macking securitie
for thair part by the Quenes Majesties subscriptioun and great sealle,
and delyvering the same unto you; provyding that thei chuse and mack
thair electioun of the pledges as is convenient.
Secoundlie, Gif the saidis Commissionaris shall demand of yow, what
interpryse the armye of England shall tak upoun hand at thair first
incumminges? Ye shall answer, in generall the expulsioun of the
Frenches soldiouris furth of this realme: and first and in specialle
furth of the toun of Leyth, seing thair great forces ar thair.
3. _Item_, Gif it shalbe askit of yow, at what place our freindis and
bretherin of England shalbe mett, and what day, what nomber, and what
Nobill men in cumpany? Ye shall referr all those thingis to thair
electioun and choise.
4. _Item_, Gif it shalbe askit of yow how the armyes shalbe fournissed
with victuallis, and especiallie the horse men? Ye shall answer, that
with thair advyses ane sufficient order shalbe tackin thairin.
5. _Item_, Gif it be requyred, how the munitioun shalbe carryed, and
oxen furnissed to that effect? Ye shall answer, as we have gevin in
commissioun to Lethingtoun, quhilk we ratifie.
6. _Item_, Gif it beis asked, wha shalbe Lievtennent to the armie of
Scotland? Ye shall answer, my Lord Duckes Grace.
7. _Item_, Gif it shalbe inquyred, what nomber our haill armye
extendis to? Ye shall answer, thai will, God-willing, be fyve thousand
men.
8. _Item_, Gif it shalbe askit, what maner of way Leyth shalbe
assaulted? Ye shall desyre all preparationis to be in reddenes, and
the advyse to be taine after the placing of the armyes and view of the
strenth schoirtlie.
9. _Item_, Gif it shalbe askit of the Castell of Edinburgh, gif thei
will stand freindis or nott? Ye shall declair our diligence maid, and
to be maid schoirtlie heirinto; but for the present can assure thame
of nothing.
10. _Item_, Gif it beis askit, in caise the Castell be unfriend, whair
the armye shalbe placed? Ye shall ansueir, for the first in
Musselburgh and Tranent, and thei partis, till the battery, and all
preparationis be in reddenes.
11. _Item_, In caise it beis inquyred of all bye-lyeris, and in
speciall of my Lord Huntlie, in the North? Ye shall ansueir in
generall, ane goode hope is had of the maist pairt thairof; and
tuiching my Lord of Huntlie in speciale, ye shall schaw how he hes
send writtingis to my Lord of Arrane, with ane servand in creddite, to
assure him of his assistance; and for that caus hes desyred letteris
of suspensioun of the Quene Dowageris commissioun, to be send to him,
to be usit by him in thei partis, and utheris letteris to arreist the
Clergies rentis and her's[127] boyth in thei partis, with
proclamationis to cause all men to be in reddines to pass foruardis,
for maintening of the religioun and expulsioun of strangeris. My Lord
hes writtein to him, that he may come to him in proper persone,
whairof the answer is nott returned as yitt.
[127] In MS. 1566, "hires;" MS. G, "hyres."
12. _Item_, Gif it shalbe askit, the place and maner of meiting of
oure folkis, or of us and thame, in caise Striveling be kept? We
referr the ansueir heirof to youre discretionis.
13. _Item_, Gif it shalbe askit that thair layed money shall have
passage for thair viveris? Ye shall reasoun the commoditie and
incommoditie thairof with the Counsale.[128]
[128] In Vautr. edit., "the Comishall."
14. _Item_, Gif it shalbe askit, what pioneris shalbe had? Ye shall
answer, the nomber being expressed, and money be in reddenes to
seld[129] thame, thei shall have sufficientlie.
[129] In. MS. G, "to pay;" in Vautr. edit. "to sell," and in both
copies, "have sufficiencie," at the end of the sentence.
15. _Item_, Gif thei shall desyre that we declair our cause unto the
Princes of Alamagne, and the King of Denmarke, desyring thair
assistance? Ye shall answere, that we think the same good, and shall
speedelie tak ordour thairwith.
16. _Item_, Gif it shalbe askit of yow to confirme for us, and in oure
name, the thingis past and granted be oure formare Commissionare the
young Laird of Lethingtoun? Ye shall in all poyntis for us, and in
oure name, confirme the same, sa far as it shall mak either for the
weill and conjunctioun of the twa realmes, or this present cause, or
yitt for the securitie of oure pairt for fulfilling of the samein: and
also, ye shall accept thair offeris, tending to the same fyne, and sic
securitie on that parte, as ye may purchese, and especiallie sic as we
heirtofoir exprimit. Gevin at Glaskow, the tent of Februar 1559.
_Item_, We gif and grantis you full power to augment, or diminische
thir saidis heidis and Articles, as ye think the weall of the cause
sall requyre in all pointis.
JOHNNE OF MENTEITH.[130]
ANDRO OF ROTHESS.
R. BOYD.
WILLIAME MURRAY _of Tullibardin_.
JOHNNE ERSKIN _of Dun_.
JAMES HAMYLTOUN.
ALEX^R. GORDOUN.
AR^D. ERGYLE.
GLENCARNE.
VCHILTRE.
JAMES HALIBURTOUN.
[130] The names of these Commissioners are mostly well known:--John
Earl of Menteith, Andrew Earl of Rothes, Robert Lord Boyd, Sir William
Murray of Tullibardine, John Erskine of Dun, James Hamilton Earl of
Arran, Alexander Gordon, Bishop of Galloway, and Commendator of
Inchaffray, Archibald Earl of Argyle, Alexander Earl of Glencairn,
Andrew Lord Ochiltre, and James Halyburton, Provost of Dundee.
Schort efter this Contract, war oure pledgeis delyverit to Maister
Winter, Admirall of the Navye, that came to Scotland, a man of great
honestie, sua far as ever we could espy of him, quha war saiflie
convoyit to New Castell. And sua the Ingliss army began to assembill
towardis the Bordour; quhairof the Frensche and Quene Regent assurit,
thay began to distroy quhat thay could in the tounis and cuntrey
about; for the haill victuallis they careit to Leith; the mylnes thay
brak; the scheip, oxin, and kyne, yea, the horse of poore lauboraris,
thay maid all to serve thair tyrannye. And, fynallie, they left na
thyng quhilk the verray ennemeis could have devisit, except that thay
demolischit not gentilmenis housses, and brunt not the tonne of
Edinburgh: in quhilk poynt, God brydillit thair furye, to lett his
afflictit understand that he tuik cair for thame.
[Sidenote: The Crewell Fact of Martyckis.]
Befoir the cuming of the land armye, the Frensche past to Glasgu, and
distroyit the cuntrey thair about. Quhat tyrannye the Martyckis[131]
usit upone ane poore Scottis suldiour, it is feirfull to heir, and
yitt his fact may not be omittit. Silver wald thay gif nane to the
poore men, and sua war thay slow to depairt of the toun; for albeit
the drum struik, the enseingze could not be gottin. Thair was ane
poore craftis man, quha haid bocht for his victuallis are gray laif,
and was eitting ane morsell of it, and was putting the rest of it in
his bosome. The tyranne cam to him, and with the poore catyveis awin
quhynger first straik him in the breist, and after cast it at him, and
sua the poore man, stagring and falling, the mercyless tyranne ran him
through with his rapper, and thairefter commandit him to be hingit
ower the stair. Lord, thow wilt yitt luik, and recompense sick
tyrrannye; how contemptable that ever the persoun was!
[131] See _supra_, page 12, note 1.
The secunde of Aprile, the yeir of God, J^m V^c and threscoir yeiris,
the army be land enterit in Scotland, the conducting quhairof was
commitit to the Lord Gray,[132] quha haid in his company the Lord
Scrope, Sir James Croftis, Sir Hary Peircey, Sir Francis Laike, with
mony uthir capitaneis and gentilmen having charge, sum of futmen, sum
of horsmen. The armye be land was esteimit to ten thowsand men. The
Quene Regent past to the Castell of Edinburgh,[133] and sum utheris of
hir factioun.[134] At Prestoun met thame the Duckes Grace, the Erle of
Argyle, (Huntlie came not till that the seige was confirmit,) Lord
James, the Erlles of Glencairne and Menteith, Lordis Ruthwen, Boyd,
Ochiltre, with all the Protestantis gentilmen of the West Fyffe,
Anguss, and Mearneis. Swa that for few dayis the armye was greit.
[132] William Lord Gray de Wilton, "a gallant warrior," who
distinguished himself on several occasions, and who, in 1559, was
appointed Warden of the Middle and Eastern Marches.
[133] In a letter to Sadler, Randall writes on the 25th January
1559-60,--"It is thought that the Quene Douagier shalbe received very
shortlie into the Castell of Edinburgh, for any travaile that can be
to the contrarie, with her onlie howsholde servaunts and
gentlewoomen." Two months later, on the 28th March 1560, he says, "It
hath been longe in doubte whether the Quene Douagier woolde either to
the Castell of Edinburgh or to Lythe; it is saide, that it is now
resolved, that it will to the Castell this daye."--(State Papers, vol.
i. pp. 696, 712.) That the Queen had the purpose of entering the
Castle at the time first specified, is evident from an incidental
notice in the Treasurer's Accounts of his having paid £8 on the 26th
January 1559-60, "to Maister Johne Balfour, for transporting of the
Quenis Grace cofferis fra the Abbay of Halierudhous to the Castell of
Edinburgh." On the same day, a messenger was sent "with clois
writtingis of the Quenis Grace to Monsr. Dosell;" and two days later
17s. was paid "to ane boy passand of Edinburgh, with clois writtingis
of the Quenis Grace to Monsr. Labroce, rynnand all the nycht." On the
last of January, the Queen herself received the sum of £250. The
actual date when the Queen passed from Holyrood House to the Castle,
was the 1st of April. (Diurnal of Occurrents, pp. 56, 274.)
[134] The chief persons who remained in the Castle of Edinburgh with
the Queen Regent, were John Hamilton, Archbishop of St. Andrews,
William Earl Marischal, William Chisholm, Bishop of Dunblane, Robert
Crichton, Bishop of Dunkeld, Abraham Crichton, Provost of the Church
of Douglass, and James Makgill, Clerk-Register.--(Lesley's History, p.
284; Diurnal of Occurrents, p. 274; Holinshed's Chronicles, &c.)
Efter the deliberatioun of twa dayis had at Enneresk,[135] the haill
camp marchit fordwart with ordinance, and all preparatioun necessar
for the seige, and came to Restalrig upoun the Palme Sunday Evin.[136]
The Frensche haid put thamselffis in battell array upoun the Linkis
without Leith, and had send furth thair skyrmissaris; quha begynning
befoir ten houris, contyneuit skyrmissing till efter foure houris at
efter none, quhan thair was gevin upone thame ane charge be sum
horsmen of Scotland, and sum of Yngland. Bot because the principall
Capitane of the horsmen of Yngland was not present, the haill troupis
durst not charge; and swa was not the owerthraw and slawchter of the
Frensche sa greit as it anis appeirit to haif bene; for the greit
battell was anis at the trote; bot quhen thay persevit that the greit
force of the horsemen stuid still, and chargeit not, thay returnit and
gaif sum rescourse to thair fallowis that fled; and swa thair fell
onlie in that defait about three hundreth Frenschmen. God wald nocht
gif the victorie swa suddanlie, leist that man sould glorye in his
awin strenth. The small victorie that was gottin, putt baith the
Yngliss and Scottis in ower greit securitie, as the ischew declairit.
The Frensche inclosit within the toun, the Yngliss armye began to
plant thair palyeanis[137] betwix Leith and Restalrig.[138] The
ordinance of the toun, and especiallie that quhilk lay upoun Sanct
Anthonies Stepill[139] did thame greit annoyance: aganist quhilk
place war bent aucht cannounis, quhilkis schott sa continewallie, and
sua just, that within few dayis, that Stepill was condemnit, and all
the ordinance that was on it dismontit, quhilk maid the Ynglismen sum
quhat mair negligent than it became guid men of war to have bene; for
persaiving that the Frensche maid na persute without thair wallis,
they tuik oppinioun that they wald never ishe mair, and that maid sum
of the Capitanis for pastyme, go to the toun:[140] the soldiouris, for
thair ease, did lay thair armour besyde thame, and, as men without
daingear, fell to the dice and cairtis. And sua, upoun the Pasche
Mononday,[141] at the verray hour of noon, the Frenche ischeit baith
on horse and fute, and with greit violence, enterit in to the Yngliss
trynscheis, slew and putt to flycht all that was fund thairin. The
watche was negligentlie keipit, and so was the succourse slow, and
lang in cuming; for the Frenche, befoir that any resistance was made
unto thame, approcheit hard to the greit ordinance. Bot than the
horsmen troupit togidder, and the futemen gat thameselffis in array,
and sua repulsit the Frenche back agane to the toun. Bot the slauchter
was greit: sum sayis it doubill exceidit that quhilk the Frenche
resavit the fyrst day. And this was the frute of thair securitie and
oures, quhilk efter was remeidit; for the Ynglismen maist wyslie
considdering thame selfis not abill to beseige the toun round about,
devysit to mak montis at dyverse quarteris of it, in the quhilk thay
and thair ordinance lay in as gude strenth as thay did within the
toun. The common soldiouris keipit the trynscheis, and had the said
montis for thair saifgaird and refuge, in case of any greiter persute
than thay war abill to sustene. The patience and stowt curage of the
Englismen, hot principallie of the horsmen, is worthy of all prayse:
for, quhair was it ever hard that aucht thousand (thay never exceidit
that number that lay in camp) sould beseige four thousand of the maist
despairit throt-cuttaris that were to be found in Europe, and lye sua
neir unto thame in daylie skyrmissing, the space of thre monethis and
mair. The horsmen nycht and day keipit watche, and did sa valiantlie
behaif thameselffis, that the Frenche gatt na advantage fra that day
back to the day of the assault, quhairof we shall schortlie heir.
[135] In MS. G, "Inneresk;" in Vautr. edit., "Enresk." The village of
Inveresk may be said to form part of Musselburgh, and is situated on
the east side of the River Esk, near its confluence with the Frith of
Forth, about six miles from Edinburgh.
[136] Saturday, the 6th of April, was the eve of Palm Sunday.
[137] In MS. G, and Vautr. edit., "pavilliones."
[138] The village of Restalrig lies about a-mile to the south-east of
Leith.
[139] The building thus converted by the French troops into a place of
defence, was the Hospital or Preceptory of St. Anthony, founded by
Robert Logan of Restalrig, in 1435. It stood near the Kirkgate Street,
at the south-west corner of what is still called St. Anthony's Wynd;
and is said to have been the only establishment in Scotland belonging
to the Canons of St. Anthony. During the siege in May 1560, the
building was probably nearly all demolished. On the 17th of that
month, the English troops having raised earthen mounds for their great
ordinance, "beganne to shoote at Sanct Anthonyes steeple in Leith,
upon the which steeple the Frenche had monted som artillerie, which
was very noisome to the campe; bot within a few hours after, the said
steeple was broken and shott doune; likewise they shott doune some
part of the east end of the kirk of Leith." (Historie of the Estate of
Scotland, in the Wodrow Miscellany, vol. i. p. 84.) Another old
authority states,--"Upon the 20th day [of April] the principell
blokhous within Leith, callit St Anthonies Kirk, was dung doun with
cannones, and also the High Street where the viveris (provisions) lay,
and many uther houssis upon the east syd of the toun."--(Lindesay of
Pitscottie's Chronicles.)
[140] MS. G. has "go upe to the toun of Edinburgh."
[141] Easter Monday fell on the 15th of April.
In this meanetyme was this uther Band made of all the Nobilitie,
Barronis, and Gentilmen, professing Chryst Jesus in Scotland, and of
dyveris utheris that joynit with us, for expelling of the Frenche
army; amangis quham, the Erle of Huntlie was principall. The Band
followis:--
[ANE CONTRACT OF THE LORDS AND BARONS, TO DEFEND THE LIBERTY OF THE
EVANGELL OF CHRIST.][142]
[142] In the MS. copies of Knox, this Band of Association by the Lords
and Barons of Scotland, for setting forward the Reformation, is simply
entitled, "The Last Band at Leyth." It was printed "from the Original"
at Hamilton Palace, by Bishop Burnet, in his History of the
Reformation, vol. iii. p. 287. It was probably not very accurately
transcribed, but some slight corrections from that work have been
adopted. It was reprinted in the Appendix to Crawford's Officers of
State, p. 444; and in Keith's History, vol. i. p. 273. In all these
copies, as well as in Knox, the names of the Lords and Barons who
subscribed the Band are omitted. A contemporary copy in the British
Museum, among the Harleian MSS. (No. 289. fol. 70.) has enabled me to
supply this important omission.
[Sidenote: _NOTA._--HEIRUPONE CAME THE PERSUTE.][143]
[143] In Vautr. edit. "Now hereupon," &c.
AT EDINBURGH, the xxvij day of Aprile, the yeir of God ane thousand
fyve hundreth threescoir yeiris: We, quhais namis ar underwrittin,
haif promittit and oblist oure selffis faithfullie, in the presens of
oure God, and be thir presentis promittis, that we altogidder in
generall, and every ane of us in speciall, be him selff, with oure
bodeis, guidis, freyndis, and all that we may do, sall sett fordwart
the Reformatioun of Religioun, according to Goddes word; and procure,
be all meanis possibill, that the treuth of Goddes word may haif free
passage within this Realme, with due administratioun of the
sacramentis, and all thingis depending upoun the said word: And
siclik, deiplie weying with oure selfis the misbehavour of the Frenche
Ministeris heir; the intollerabill oppressiouns commitit be the
Frenche men of weir upon the poore subjectis of this Realme, by
meyntenance of the Quene Dowager, under cullour and pretence of
authoritie; the tyrannye of thair Capitanis and leadaris; and manifest
danger of conqueist, in quhilk this countrey presentlie standis, be
reasoun of dyverse fortificatiouns upoune the sea-coast; and uther
novelties of lait attemptit be thame; promittis, that We sall, als
weill every ane with uther, as altogidder, with the Quene of Englandis
armie, presentlie cumit in for oure delyverance, effectuallie concur
and joyne togidder, taiking anefald plane pairt,[144] for expulsioun
of the said strangeris, oppressouris of oure libertie, furth of this
Realme, and recovery of oure ancient fredomis and liberteis; to the
end, that in tyme cuming, we may, under the obedience of the Kyng and
Quene our Soveranis, be onlie rewllit be the lawis and customeis of
the cuntrey, and borne men of the land: And that never ane of us sall
haif pryvey intelligence be writting, message, or communicatioun with
ony of oure saidis ennemeis or adversareis in this cause, bot be the
advise of the rest (at least of fyve) of the Counsale. Attour, that we
sall tender the commun cause, as gif it war the cause of everie ane of
us in particular; and that the causses of everie ane of us now joinit
togidder, being leifull and honest, sall be all oure causses in
generall: And he that is ennemy to the causses foirsaid, sall be
ennemy to us all: in sa far, that quhatsoever persone will planelie
resist thir oure godlie interpryseis, and will not concur as ane guid
and trew member of this Common weill, we sall fortifie the auctoritie
of the Counsale, to reduce thame to thair dewitie. Lyke as we sall
fortifie the auctoritie foirsaid of the Counsale, in all thyngis
tending to the furtherance of the saidis causses: And gif ony
particular debait, quarrell, or contraversie, sall arryse, for
quhatsoever cause, bygane, present, or to cum, betwix ony of us, (as
God forbid,) in that caise, we shall submit our selfis and oure saidis
questionis, to the decisioun of the Counsale, or to arbitratouris to
be namit[145] be thame. And providing alwayis, that this be not
prejudiciall to the ordinarie jurisdictioun of Judgeis, but that men
may persew thair actiouns by ordour of law civilie or criminallie,
befor the Judges Ordinaris[146] gif thai please.
[144] In MS. G, "taking and hald plain parte;" Vautr. edit. has "take
and holde ane playne parte." In Burnet, "taking one fold and plain
part of the expulsion."
[145] In MS. G, "to be maid."
[146] In Knox these four words are omitted.
[In wytnes of the quhilk we have subscrivit this present Band with our
hands, day, zeir, and place above wryttine.
JAMES.
JAMES HAMMYLTON.
HUNTLEY.
AR^D. ARGILL.
GLENCARN.
ROTHES.
MORTOUN.
A. GORDOUN.
JAMES JOHNSON, _Apparand of Elphistoun_.
PATRYK DOWGLASS.
ROBERT CAMPBELL.
ANDREW JHONSON.
ROBYN CAR.
JAMES STEWART.
JHON MONTEY^T.
RUTHWEN.
R. BOYD.
OGYLWYE.
VCHILTREE.
JHON MAXVEL.
PATRYK LYNDSAY.
JHON MAISTER PHORBES.
LORD SOMERWELL.
JAMES HALYBURTOUN.
ALEX^R. DUNBAR _of Cumnok_.
GRAYTLY.
W^M. DOUGLAS _of Whyttingeym_.
GEORGE HWME _of Spott_.
JHON GORDON, _of Finlatter_.
ALEX^R. SETON, _Younger of Meldrum_.
HENRY GRAHAME, _Youngar of Morphy_.
ALEX^R. GORDOUN _of Abyrzelde_.
DRUMLAYNRYK.
FAUNHAUS.[147]
CRAYNSTON _of that Ilk_.
WEDDERBURN.
ALEX^R. HUME.
JHONSON.
GEORGE NYSBYT, _with my hand at the pen_.
CUNNYNGAYMHYD.
LESLYE _of Bowquhane_.
JHON INNES _of that Ilk_.
ARTHUR PHORBES.
W^M. LESLEY _Youngar of Wardes_.
JHON WISHART.
DRUMLOYGHIE.
CESFUIRD.
HUNDHILL.
MARK KAR.]
[147] I suspect some of these names may have been mistaken; such as
"Graytly," and "Faunhaus," which an examination of the original might
correct.
[Sidenote: THE DOCHTER WILL NOT TAK EXAMPILL BY THE MOTHER.]
[Sidenote: THE 20 OF MAIJ, ANNO 1566.][148]
[148] In all the other copies this marginal note forms part of the
text. It is in the same hand with the MS.: see note 1, page 68.
This Contract and Band came not onlie to the eiris, bot alssua to the
sycht of the Quene Dowager; quhairat sche stormit nott a little, and
said, "The maledictioun of God I gif unto thame that counsaleit me to
persecute the prechearis, and to refuise the petitiouns of the best
pairt of the trew subjects of this realme. It was said to me, That the
Yngliss army could not ly in Scotland ten dayis; bot now thay [have]
lyin near ane moneth, and ar mair lyk to remane than the first day
thay came." Thay that gaif sick informatioun to the Quene, spak as
wardlie wyise men, and as thingis appeirit to have bene; for the
cuntrey being almaist in all the partis thairof waistit, the
victuallis nixt adjacent to Leith either brocht in to thair
provisioun, or ellis destroyit; the mylnis and uther placeis, as
befoir is said, being cassin doun, it appeirit that the camp could not
have bene furnissit (except it haid bene by thair awin schippis, and
as that could nocht have bene of ony lang continewance, sua sould it
have bene nathing confortable:) Bot God confoundit all warldlie
wisdome, and maid his awin benedictioun als evidentlie to appeir as
gif in ane maner he had fed the army from above. For all kind of
victuallis thair was mair aboundante, and of mair easie priceis, in
the camp all the tyme that it lay, efter that aucht dayis war past,
than either thay haid bene in Edinburgh any of the twa yeires of
befoir, or yit hes bene in that toun to this day. The pepill of
Scotland sa mekill abhorrit the tyrrannye of the Frenche, that thay
wald have gevin the substance that thay had, to have bene ridd of that
chargeable burding, quhilk oure synnis had provockit God to lay upoun
us, in geving us in the handis of ane woman, quhom our Nobilitie in
thair fulischnes sauld unto strangearis, and with hir the libertie of
the Realme. "God, for his greit mercies saik, preserve us yitt from
farther bondage, in the quhilk we ar lyke to fall, gif he provyde not
remedy; for oure Nobilitie will yett remane blynd still, and will
follow hir affectiouns, cum efter quhat sua may." Bot to returne to
oure Historie.
* * * * *
[Sidenote: THE ASSAULT OF LEITH, THE 7 OF MAIJ 1560.]
The campe abounding in all necessarie provisioun, ordour was taikin
for confirmatioun of the Seige;[149] and sa the trynches war drawin
als neir the toun, as thay gudlie mycht. The greitt campe removit fra
Restalrig to the west syde of the Watter of Leith; and sa war the
cannounis plantit for the batterie, and did schute at the south-west
wall. But be reassone all was eird, the brek[150] was nott maid sa
greit upoun the day bot that it was sufficientlie repairit upoun the
nycht. Quhairof the Inglismen begynning to weary, determinit to gyve
the brusche and assault; as that thay did upoun the sevint day of
Maij, beginning befoir the day-licht, and contineuing till it was neir
sevin houris. And albeit that the Ingliss and Scottis, with greit
slauchter of the suldiouris of baith, were repulsit, yitt was thair
never ane scharpar assault gevin of so few handis; for thay exceidit
not ane thousand men that assaultit the haill twa quarteris of the
toun, and yitt thay dampnit the haill blok-housses; yea, thay anis pat
the Frenche clene of thair wallis, and were upoun baith the west and
eist blokhousses. Bot thay wantit baking; for thair ledderis wantit
sax quarteris of the just hicht; and sua quhill the former wer
compellit to fecht upoun the tope of [the] wall, thair fellowis could
nott win to support thame, and sa war thay be multitude dung back
agane, quhen it was anis thocht the Toune was win.
[149] In Holinshed's Chronicles is contained a minute account of the
Siege of Leith, in May 1560. Thomas Church-yard, the English Poet, who
was present among the troops commanded by Lord Gray de Wilton,
published in "The First Part of Churchyarde's Chippes," (a kind of
Poetical Miscellany,) "The Siege of Leith," written in stanzas of
seven lines. It was first printed at London in 1565; again in 1575,
and 1578. This poem referred to, is included in the volume of
"Churchyard's Chips concerning Scotland," edited by George Chalmers,
Lond. 1817, 8vo.
[150] In MS. G, "Bot be ressoun the wall was eirthe, the breiche," &c.;
Vautr. edit. has, as in the text, "But by reason all was earth, the
breache," &c.
Sir James Croftis[151] was blamit of mony for not doing his dewitie
that day; for he was appoyntit, with ane sufficient nomber of the
maist abill men, to haif assaultit the north-west quarter upoun the
sey-syde, quhair, at an low-water (as at the tyme of the assault) [the
passage] was easy:[152] bot neather he nor his approchit to thair
quarter appoyntit. He had befoir, at thair first cuming in, spokin
with the Quene Regent[153] at the foir blok-house of the Castell of
Edinburgh. Quhidder sche had enchantit him we knew nott, but by
suspitioun of that day, in the quhilk he desaivit the expectation of
many, and, sa far as man could judge, was the caus of that greit
repulse; for sum ascribit the schortnes of the ledderis to him: bot
that omittit, quhilk mycht have proceidit of negligence, his absens
frome the persute of his quarter, was the cause that sick Frenche as
war appointit thair to defend, seing na persewar, came to the releif
of thair fellowis, and sa the twa joyning togidder, with greit
slauchter gaif the repulse to oure company. The Frenche menis
harlotis, of quhom the maist pairt war Scottis hureis, did na less
creweltie than did the souldiaris; for besydis that thay chargeit
thair peceis, and ministrit unto thame uther weaponis, sum
continewallie cast staneis, sum careit chymnayis of burnyng fyre, sum
brocht tymmer and uther impedimentis of wecht, quhilk with great
violence thay threw over the wall upoun oure men, bot especiallie
quhen thay began to turne backis. Now, albeit in all this we
acknawlege the secreit wark of God, quha by sick meanis wald beat doun
alsweill the pryde of Ingland as of Scotland, yitt neather aucht the
febilnes nor falsett of man to be excusit, neather yitt the cruelty of
the adversareis be conceilit. The Quene Regent satt all the tyme of
the assault (quhilk was baith terribill and lang) upon the foir-wall
of the Castell of Edinburgh; and quhen sche perceivit the overthraw of
us, and that the ensenyeis of the Frenche war agane displayit upoun
the wallis, sche gaif ane gawfe of lauchter, and said, "Now will I go
to the Messe, and prayse God for that quhilk my eyes have sene!" And
sa was Freir Black[154] reddy for that purpose, quhom sche hir self a
little of befoir had deprehendit with his harlott in the chapell: But
huredome and idolatrye aggre weill togidder, and that oure Courte can
witnesse this day, 16 Maij 1566.[155]
[151] As mentioned by Knox, _supra_, page 31, Sir James Crofts was
captain of the Town and Castle of Berwick, and warden of East Marches.
"He had," says Sir Walter Scott, "a good military reputation; having
governed Ireland, and defended Haddington (in 1547) against the French
and the Scotch. He was attainted by Queen Mary, but restored by Queen
Elizabeth, and made Governor of Berwick; an office which he enjoyed at
the date of these letters." (State Papers, vol. i. p. 387.) But
Crofts, for his conduct at this time, was impeached by the Duke of
Norfolk, and removed from his office as Governor, which was conferred
on Lord Gray. He afterwards became Comptroller of the Household, and
died in 1595.
[152] In MS. 1566, "of the assault it was easy."
[153] The interview of Crofts with the Queen Regent that Knox alludes
to, took place on the 6th April 1560, during the skirmish at
Restalrig. "In this meantyme (says Bishop Lesley) the Lord Gray, and
Sir George Hawart, and Sir James Croftis to the Castell of Edinburgh,
to speik with the Quein to this effect (viz. the cause of the coming
of the army, &c.); quha had long conference with hir upoun the blok
hous at the uter yeit of the saide Castell, the same day, during the
tyme of the scarmishe," &c. (Hist. p. 283.) See also the Historie of
the Estate of Scotland, in the Wodrow Miscellany, vol. i. p. 82.
[154] Some notices of this Frier Black will be given in the Appendix.
[155] This date, like that on the margin at page 65, is in the same
hand with the MS., and serves to show that this portion of the volume
was written or transcribed in May 1566. In MS. G. the date, by
mistake, is May 1560.
[Sidenote: THE INUMANITIE OF THE MERCYLES FRENCHE.]
[Sidenote: THE QUENE REGENTIS CREWELL HART.]
The Frenche, prowd of the victorie, strypeit naikit all the slayne,
and laid thair deid[156] carcassis befoir the hot sune alang thair
wall, quhair thay sufferit thame to lye ma dayis nor ane: unto the
quhilk, quhen the Quene Regent luikit, for myrth sche happit and said,
"Yonder are the fairest tapestrie that ever I saw: I wald that the
haill feyldis that is betwix this place and yon, war strowit with the
same stuiffe." This fact was sene of all, and hir wordis war hard of
sum, and mislykeit of many. Against the quhilk Johnne Knox spak
oppinlie in pulpeit, and baldlie affirmeit, "That God sould reveange
that contumelye done to his image, not onlie in the furiouse and
godless souldiaris, bot evin in sick as rejoysit thairat." And the
verray experience declairit, that he was nott deceavit; for within few
dayis thair efter, (yea sum say that same day,) began hir bellie and
lothsome leggis to swell, and sa continewit, till that God did execute
his judgementis upoun hir, as efter we sall heir.
[156] In MS. G, "dead" is omitted.
The defait receavit, it was fully perswadit to the Queen Regent and
hir factioun, that the Seige wald ryse, and that the Ingliss army wald
depairt: and sua began the Papistis wondrouslie to brag; and yitt God
did frustratt thair expectation; for the army concludit[157] to remane
till new adverteisment came fra the Quene in Counsall.
[157] In MS. G, "determined."
[Sidenote: THE COMFORTABLE LETTER OF THE DUICK OF NORTHFOLK.]
The Duck of Northfolk, quha than lay at Berwick, commandit the Lord
Gray to continew the seige, and promeisit "That he sould not laick men
sa lang as ony war to be had betwix Trent and Tweid, for sa far was
he lieutennent." He farther promeisit his awin presens, in caise he
sould be requyreit; and for assurance thairof, he send his awin
palzeounis,[158] sic as seldome befoir had bene sene in Scotland, with
his officiaris and provisioun. And with expeditioun war send twa
thousand fresche men, quhairby the campe, greitlie confortit, began to
forgett the former disconfiture, and to sustene the daylie skyrmissing
as thay did befoir; in the quhilk the Frenche, efter the day of the
assault, did ever resaif the hurt and the repulse, as the slauchter of
many that came to the cockill-raik[159] did witnesse. The greatest
damage that ather Ingliss or Scottis receavit efter that day, was the
slauchter of twa gentilmen, the ane Master of Househald to my Lord
James, Robert Colvene of Cleysche,[160] ane man stowt, modest, and
wise; quha was schot in the thigh with ane falcone or haquebute of
crock, and depairtit the miserie of this lyfe within twa houris efter.
The uther was Alexander Lockart, brother to the Laird of Barr,[161]
quha raschelie discovering him selff in the trynschis, was schot in
the heid, and immediatlie thairefter depairtit this lyff.
[158] In MS. G, "paviliounes;" in Vautr. edit., "pallions."
[159] In MS. G, "the Cole-raik;" Vautr. edit. follows the text.
[160] Robert Colville of Cleish, has already been mentioned, in a Note
to vol. i. p. 348. The property of Cleish, in the parish of that name,
Kinross-shire, had belonged to William Meldrum of Cleish and Binns,
whom Sir David Lyndesay has celebrated in his well-known poem, "The
History of Squyer Meldrum." There is every reason to believe that this
Robert Colville was the person who detected the imposture of the
pretended miracle of restoring sight to a blind person at
Loretto.--See Row's History, Wodrow Society edition, pp. 449-455. He
was Master of the Household to Lord James Stewart, Prior of St.
Andrews.
[161] This was probably Alexander Lockhart, styled Burgess of Ayr, who
was convicted for an unlawful convocation of the lieges within the
borough of Ayr, 19th January 1539-40. He had a charter of the lands of
Quhitstanes, in that County, in 1547. His brother, John Lockhart of
Bar, is elsewhere mentioned by Knox.
Quhill the seige thus continewit, ane suddane fyre chanceit in Leith,
quhilk devourit many housses and mekill victuall; and sa began God to
fecht for us, as the Lord Erskin in plane wordis said to the Quene
Regent: "Madam, (quod he,) I can se na mair, but seing that men may
not expell injust possessouris furth of this land, God him self will
do it; for yon fyre is nocht kindellit be man." Quhilk words offendit
the Quene Regent not a littill; quhais seiknes daylie increassing,
greit craft sche usit that Monsieur D'Osell mycht have bene permitit
to have spokin with hir; belyke sche wald have biddin him fairweill
(for auld familiaritie was greit); bot that denyit, sche wrait as it
[had] bene to hir chyrurgian and apothecar, schawing hir seiknes, and
requyreing sum droggis. The letter being presentit to the Lord Gray,
he espyit the craft; for few lyneis being writtin above and sa mekill
quhyte paper left, he said, "Drogis ar aboundand and freschear in
Edinburgh than thay can be in Leith: thair lurkis heir sum uther
misterie." And sa he began to try; and be halding the paper to the
fyre, he persavit sum writting [to] appeir, and sa began he to reid.
Bot quhat it was, na uther man can tell; for immediatelie he brunt the
bill, and said to the messinger, "Albeit I have bene hir Secretary,
yitt tell hir I sall keip hir counsall. But say to hir, Sik wairis
will nocht sell till a new marcatt."
[Sidenote: THE DEATH OF THE QUENE REGENT.]
The answer receavit, sche was nathing content: and than travellit sche
earnistlie that sche mycht speik with the Erlles Argyle, Glencairne,
Merschell, and with the Lord James. Efter deliberatioun it was thocht
expedient that they sould speik hir, bot nocht altogidder, leist that
sum pairt of the Guysianis practise had lurkit under the cullour of
[sik] freindscheip. Hir regrait was unto thame all, "That sche haid
behavit hir self sa fulischlie, that sche had compellit thame to seik
the support of otheris than of thair awin Soverane; and said, that
sche soir repentit that ever it came to that extremitie. Bot sche was
nocht the wyte, bot the wickit counsell of hir freyndis on the ane
pairt, and the Erle of Huntley upoun the uther; for gif he had nocht
bene, sche wald have fully aggreit with thame at thair communyng at
Prestoun." Thay gave unto hir baith the counsale and the confort
quhilk thai could in that extremitie, and willit her to send for sum
godlie learnit man, of quhom sche mycht resaif instructioun; for these
ignorant Papistis that war about hir, understude nathing of the
mysterie of oure Redemptioun. Upoun thair motyve was Johnne Willock
send for, with quhom sche talkit ane reassonabill space, and quha did
planelie schaw unto hir, alsweill the vertew and strenth of the death
of Jesus Christ, as the vanitie and abominatioun of that idole the
Mess. Sche did oppinlie confesse "That thair was na salvatioun, bot in
and by the death of Jesus Christ." Bot of the Mess we hard not hir
confessioun. Sum said sche was annoyntit of the Papisticall maner,
quhilk was ane sygne of small knawledge of the treuth, and of less
repentance of hir former superstitioun. Yitt quhowsoever it was,
Christ Jesus got na small victorie over sick an ennemy. For albeit
before sche had avowit, that in dyspite of all Scotland, the
preachearis of Jesus Christ sould ather die or be banischeid the
realme; yitt was sche compellit not onlie to heir that Chryst Jesus
was precheit, and all idolatrie oppinlie rebuikit, and in many placeis
suppressit, bot alssua sche was constraineit to heir ane of the
principall ministeris within the realme, and to approve the cheif heid
of oure religioun, quhairin we dissent frome all Papistis and
Papistrie. Schort thairefter sche fynischeit hir unhappy lyfe;
unhappy, we say, to Scotland, fra the fyrst day sche enterit into it,
unto the day sche depairtit this lyfe, quhilk was the nynt of
June,[162] the zeir of God J^m V^c threscoir zeiris. "God, for his
greit mercyis saik, red us frome the rest of the Guysiane blude. Amen,
Amen." For of the tyrranie of the Guysiane blud in hir,[163] that for
our unthankfulness now reignis above us, we have had sufficient
experience. Bot of any vertew that ever was espyit in Kyng James the
Fyft (quhais dochter sche is callit) to this houre we have never sene
any sparkle to appeir.
[162] Instead of the 9th of June, the Queen Regent died on the 10th of
that month. Her body, by her own desire, was transported to France,
after an interval of several months; and towards the close of this
Third Book, Knox takes occasion to notice the delay of her
funerals.--See note on the passage referred to.
[163] Mary of Lorraine was the daughter of Claude, Duke of Guyse.--See
vol. i. p. 61, note 6.
Upone the saxtene day of June, efter the death of the Quene Regent,
came in Scotland[164] Monsieur Randan,[165] and with him the Bischop
of Valance,[166] in commissioun fra France, to entreat of peace. Fra
Ingland thair came Sir Williame Cicill,[167] chief Secretary, and
Doctor Wottoun.[168] Thair negotiation was langsum; for baith Ingland
and we feiring deceat, socht be all meanis that the contract sould be
sure. And thay upoun the uther pairt, meanyng to gratifie sick as had
send thame, (quha menit nathing bot mere falsett,) protractit tyme to
the uttermost; yea, quhill thame of Leith war verray skairce of
victualls, and thay of the Insche had perescheit, had not bene that by
policy thay gatt ane schip with victuallis, and some munitioun, quhilk
was upoun Mydsomer evin, quhairof thay maid no small tryumphe; quhilk
alsua for ane seassone stayit the Appoyntment. Yitt in the end peace
was concludit, in forme as follows:--
[164] The Articles agreed upon, at Berwick, 14th June 1560, are
printed by Keith.
[165] Charles de la Rochefaucault, Seigneur de Randan. In the Latin
treaty, he is designed "Dominus de Randan, Miles et Eques Auratus." In
his passage through England, he had an interview with Queen Elizabeth,
in May 1560. Throkmorton, in his letters 4th May, calls him "Monsieur
de Randan, brother to the Comte Rochefaucault, and to the Abbot of
Cormery," and says, "he is a faire spokesman, and a good courtesan,
very well esteemed in this court, and of the faction of Guise." His
journey was delayed for some days; and Cecil, on the 22d May, informs
Throkmorton,--"Monsieur de Randan hath taken good leasure, and cam
yesterdaye hyther to the Court, with the Embassador, and the Bishop of
Vallence."--(Forbes's State Papers, vol. i. pp. 432, 433, 449, 460.)
[166] Monsieur John de Monluc, Bishop of Valence. On the 13th May
1560, Henry Killegrew, at Cecil's desire, informed Throkmorton, "Yt
was lang ere the Bishope of Valence cold have save condyt of the Lords
of Scotland, to repaire into the Quyne Doujar, by cause they did
mistrust the sufficiencye of his authoritie; bot yet at length yt was
granted. So as he went and spak with the Quyne in the Castell of
Edenburgh," &c.--(Forbes's State Papers, vol. i. p. 456.)
[167] See _supra_, p. 17, note 2.
[168] In the copies of Knox, "Wittoun." Dr. Nicholas Wotton, was Dean
of Canterbury and York. "He was much employed (says Sir Walter Scott)
in foreign negotiations, during the Reigns of Henry VIII. and his
successor, and died in 1566, after having served in nine embasies to
the several States of Europe."--(Note in Sadler, vol. i. p. 395.)
THE ARTICLES TRANSACTIT AND AGGREIT BE THE REVEREND FATHER
IN GOD, JOHNE BISCHOP OF VALANCE, AND MONSIEUR RANDAN,
DEPUTTIS TO THE KING AND QUENE OF SCOTLAND, UPOUN THE
MATTERIS PRESENTIT TO THAME, BE WAY OF PETITIOUN, FOR THE
PAIRT OF THE NOBILITIE AND PEPILL OF SCOTLAND.[169]
[169] The following Articles form only part of the last Convention or
Treaty of Peace, which was signed at Edinburgh, on the 6th July 1560.
It is printed at full length in Rymer's Foedera. See also Keith's
History, vol. i. pp. 298-306. It has not, therefore, been thought
necessary to supply the variations or omissions in this document.
In Rymer's collection there will likewise be found, (1.) The
Commission from Francis and Mary, King and Queen of France and
Scotland, appointing Commissioners for a Treaty of Amity and Peace
with England, dated 12th May 1560. (2.) The Convention (also in
French) for the demolition of the Fortifications at Leith, 5th July
1560. (3.) The Treaty or Convention (in Latin) alluded to, as signed
at Edinburgh, on the 6th July. The last two are signed,
J. MONLUC E. DE VALENCE.
RANDAN.
W. CECIL.
N. WOTTON.
(4.) Rymer also inserts the Ratification of this Treaty, by Queen
Elizabeth, dated at Windsor, 20th September 1560.
In the first, Upoun the complaynt and petitioun of the said Nobilitie
and pepill of this cuntrey, anent the number of men of weir sustenit
be thair Majesties in thir pairtis in tyme of peace; It is humblie
requeistit to the saidis Deputis, that thay wald provide oportune
remedy thairupoun, to the solace and releif of the cuntrey. The saidis
Deputis considerand the said desyre to be just, and conforme to
reasone, concludit, concordit, and affirmit, That the Kyng and Quene
sall procure na Frenche men of weir, nor na uther natioun to cum to
thir pairtis in tyme cuming; bot gif strangearis wald pretend to enter
in this realme with ane navy or army to occupy the same; in the quhilk
caise provisioun sall be maid be thair Majesties, the judgement and
counsale of the Estaitis of the realm be haid thairto: And that the
Frenche men of weir, being now in the toun of Leith, sall be send to
France the same tyme that the navy and army of Inglissmen and
Scottismen has scaillit and depairtit baith be sey and land; the
quhilk sall be done in the best maner may be, as at mair lenth
consideratioun sall be had thairupone. As to the bandis of Scottismen
of war being at the said place, thay sall be brokin, and the men of
war licentiat[170] to depairt. Mairover, as to the fortis of Dumbar
and Insche Keyth,[171] thair sall remane in thame ane hundreth and
twenty Frenche men of weir[172] allanerlie, quhilkis sall be pairtit
and distributit in thir twa placeis; and thair sall remane na ma in
Dumbar bot threscoir men of war, sua it be not affirmit be the
Capitaneis chosin to that effect be baith the pairteis, that for the
keiping of the same ane greitar number is not neidfull; alssua to
depairt quhen the Estaitis of the realme can fynd ane guid and sure
remedy, upoun the expensses maid in the saidis placeis, to keip the
same fra perell of invasioun, or deprivatioun thairof fra thame that
wald pretend to occupy the samyn, thay sall schaw the same to thair
Majesties alse haistilie as may be done: and in the menetyme, the
number of the said men of war sall not be augmentit. And in lyk maner
it sall nocht be lefull to the said men of war to do ony injureis to
ony personis, or yitt to menteyne or defend ony Scottismen, of what
qualitie so ever thay be of, againis the will and authoritie of the
magistratis of the realme, nor to resaif thame in the saidis placeis
that the minister of justice may not putt handis in thame; nor yitt
sall intromett with tham any maner of way, with the quarrellis and
discordis of the Lordis, or uthir particular men of this realme; bot
thay thame selffis sall be obligit, in caise of ony quarrell to be
punischitt efter the lawis and consuetude[173] of this Realm, and to
answer for thame selffis befoir the Judgeis Ordinaris of the same.
Last of all, that fra this furth[174] thay be not compellit to taik
ony credeit, they sall be every moneth satisfeit of thair wageis; sua
that twa Scottis Lordis chosin be the Counsale, may present it, at
weappon-schawing and mustouris of the said men of weir; and alsua to
viseit the saidis fortis to se gif the number of thame be eikit; and
it sall not be lesum to the said men of war to tak ony victuallis for
thair sustentatioun, to the munitioun of the saidis placeis, bot be
payment of reddy money, numerat, and with the plesour of thame that
delyveris the same to thame: And thairfoir, the saidis Lordis oblisses
thame to gif thame sa mekill as is neidfull to thame, thay having to
pay thairfoir.
[170] Vautr. edit. "licensed."
[171] Vautr. edit. makes it, "Dunbar, and in such that."
[172] In MS. G, "of weir" is omitted.
[173] In MS. 1566, it is "constitute;" in Vautr. edit.
"constitutions."
[174] In Vautr. edit., "from henceforth;" in MS. G, "fra this tyme
furth."
_Item_, Upoun the petitioun presentit to the saidis Lordis Deputis,
anent the demolitioun of the fortificationis, the saidis Deputis
consentit, concordit, and affirmit, That the fortificatioun of Leith
sall be demolischit, and that twa, thre, or four capitaneis sall be
chosin be baith of the pairteis, to visite the Castell of Dumbar; and
gif it beis fundin be thame, that the reparatioun, amplificatioun, and
fortifeing[175] maid thairof now efter the peace, greittar nomber of
men to the keiping thairof is requyreit, the reparatioun and
fortificatioun thairof sall be demolischeit, sua sone as may be done,
and sall remane onlie untuicheit, that thing quhilk may mak the said
Castell mair sure, and leist dainger fra invasioun; provyding nocht
the less that na grettar nomber of men thairin be requyreit for
keiping of the same. Mairover, in tymeis cuming the Kyng and Quene
sall mak na ma new fortis within this realme, and sall nocht augment
thame that ar ellis maid, nor sall repair thame that are demolischeit,
without counsal and consent of the Estaites; nor yitt sall transport
to uthir partis ony artailyerie, munitioun of war, powder, or
victuallis, bot sa mekill as may gayne for keiping of the saidis
placeis be the space of sax monethis or ane yeir.
[175] In MS. G, "fortificatioun."
_Item_, Anent the petitioun maid anent the debtis contractit be the
Frenche men of weir in this countrey, the saidis [Deputis] concordit,
That the Kyng and Quene sall cause restoir all that quhilk happinis to
be fund gevin and grantit to the Kyngis Lieutennent and his
Capitaneis, and uthiris Officiaris, for the nureisment, sustentatioun,
and menteinance of the said Frensche men, or that quhilk beis fundin
aucht be the lieutennent for service of his Majestie, that may appeir
be writt, or confessioun of parteis.
_Item_, Upoun the petitioun maid anent the Conventioun of Estaitis of
this Realme, the saidis Deputis consentit, concordit, &c., That the
Estaites of the Realme may convene and hald Parliament, the twenty
day[176] of the moneth of Julij nixt to cum; upone the quhilk day the
Parliament sall be contyneuit, as use is, unto the fyrst day of the
moneth of August following. Provyding alwayis, that befoir or thay
begin to treat ony thyng in the said Parliament, all tumult of weir be
dischargeit and ceise, that they that are present may be free without
feir of men of weir or uthiris; and that in the menetyme ane messinger
be send be the saidis Deputis to the Kyng and Quene, to certifie thame
of thay thyngis aggreit, treatit, and concordit, requeisting thair
Majesteis humbillie to be contentit with the samyn: And the said
Conventioun sall be alse lauchfull in all respectis, as the samyn had
bene ordanit and done be expres commandyment of thair Majesteis;
providing that na mater be treatit thairintill befoir the said fyrst
day of August.
[176] See note _infra_, page 84.
_Item_, Upoun the article presentit anent Weir and Peace, the saidis
Deputis consentit, concordit, etc., That the Kyng and Quene neither
mak peace nor weir in thir pairtis, bot be counsale, judgment, and
consent of the Thre Estaitis, according to the ordinance and
consuetudis of the countrey; and as was observit be thair
predecessouris.
_Item_, Upoun the petitioun presentit to the saidis Deputis, anent
the governament and regiment of the Policey, thay have consentit,
etc., That twenty-four worthy men of this realme be chosin be the
Three Estaitis, of the quhilkis the Kyng and the Quene sall chuse
sevin, and the Estaitis sevintene; quhilkis in thair Majesteis absens
sall tak ordour, and mak an ordinarie counsall for administratioun
foirsaid, sua that na man, of quhatsoever qualitie he be, sall have
the power to ordour ony thing to be done touching the saidis busynes,
without the mediatioun, authorities, and consent of thame: sua that
the saidis counsallaris sall convene togidder alse oft as thay may,
but thay sall convene na less nor sax[177] togidder; And quhen ony
mater of importance occurris, thay sall be all callit to counsale, and
tak ordour be thame, or the maist pairt of thame, gif neid beis. And
gif it happinis ony of the said sevin chosin be the Kyng and Quene to
deceis, thair Majesties sall choise ane uthir furth of the said nomber
of xxiv. in place of him that deceassit; and gif ony of the saidis
xvii. chosin be the Estaitis deis, the remanent foirchosen be thame
sall name are uther of the said nomber of twentie foure. Mairover, gif
it beis thocht expedient be the saidis Estaitis, that uther twa be
augmentit to the said nomber of twelf, than and in that caise, the
Kyng and Quene sall choise ane, and the Estaitis ane uther. And sua
was this Article aggreit under conditioun, that is to say, That the
samyn be na prejudice in tyme cuming to the Kyng and Quene, and
rychtis of the Croune: And the saidis Deputis offerrit thair laubouris
to mak mediatioun to the Kyng and Quene, for menteining pensiouns and
expensses of the said Counsellouris, and ordinar officiaris of the
said counsall, to be providit of the rentis and proventis[178] of the
Croun.
[177] In MS. G, "no les than twelf."
[178] In Vautr. edit., "rents and reuenewes."
_Item_, Upoun the petitioun maid to the saidis Deputis anent the
Officiaris of this realme, thay consentit and concordit, &c., That in
tyme cuming the King and Quene sall not depute ony stranger in the
administratioun of the civile and criminall Justice; and in lykwyise
in the office of Chancellarie, Keipar of Seall, Thesaurer,
Compttrollar, and uther lyk officeis, and sall not use thame, but sall
be content with thair awin subjectis borne in this realme. Mairover,
it sall not be lefull to put the office of Thesaurarie, Comptrollarie,
in the handis of any kirk man, or utheris quhilkis ar not abill to
exercise the saidis officeis; the quhilkis Thesaurer and Compttrollar
sall be providit of sufficient commissioun to use the saidis officeis.
Bot it sall not be lefull to thame to dispone or sell wairdis of
mariageis, or uther casualiteis, or any uther thyngis quhatsumever
thay be perteinyng to thair officeis, without counsall or consent of
the said Counsale, to that effect that the Counsale may know that all
thyngis be done to the proffitt of the Kyng and Quene; and yitt thay
will not bynd, or astrict the Kyng and Quene be this article, that
thay may not gif quhen thay think expedient.
_Item_, Thay concordit, That in the first conventioun of the Estaitis
of this Realme, thair sall be constitut, ordanit, and establischeit
ane law of oblivioun, quhilk efterward sall be confirmit be the Kyng
and Queneis Majesties; be the quhilk all rememberance of beiring of
armour, and utheris thyngis quhilk it hes bene done, sall be eirdit
and forgett,[179] fra the saxt day of the moneth of Marche, in the
yeir of God J^m V^c fyftie aucht yeiris:[180] And be the samyn law,
thay quhilkis hes contravenit the lawis of the realme, sall be exemit
and fre of all payne contenit thairin, siclik as gif it never had bene
contravenit; providing that the privilegis of the said law be not
extendit to thame, quhilkis the Estaitis of the Realme sall judge[181]
unworthie thairof.
[179] In MS. G, "sall be buryed, earthed, and forget;" in Vautr.
edit., "shalbe buried and forgotten."
[180] That is, the year 1558-9.
[181] In MS. G, "sall think;" in Vautr. edit., "shall judge."
_Item_, It is aggreit and concludit, That in the said Conventioun or
Parliament, the Estaitis of the Realme, as use is, and of the maner
is requireit, sall be callit; in the quhilk all thay that hes usit to
convene, and be present, may cum without all feir or force done, or to
be done to thame be any persone, sua that the saidis sall oblisse
thame, that quhair in tyme cuming ony seditioun, or conventioun of men
of war sall happin to be, without command of the Counsall, being of
the number of twelf, the realme and cuntrey sall repute the causseris
thairof, and thame that conveneis as rebellis, and sall persew thame
as siclyk, that thay may be punischeit be the lawis of the Realme, sua
that the Kyng and Quene sall not be compellit in tyme cuming to send
ony men of war, or strangeris in thir pairtis, for obtenying of dew
obedience of thair subjectis.
_Item_, Thay offerit, concordit, and aggreit, That thair sall be
generall peace and reconciliatioun amang all Lordis and subjectis of
this Realme; so that thay that are callit of the Congregatioun, and
thay quhilkis are not of the samyn, sall put na reproche to utheris of
the thingis quhilk are done fra the said saxt day of Marche 1558 [-9.]
_Item_, Thay offerrit, concordit, and affirmit, That the King and
Quene sall not persew, revenge, nor mak ony persecutioun of the
thyngis that hes bene done, nor yitt sall thay suffer the samyn to be
done be thair subjectis, Frenche men, bot sall have all thyngis in
oblivioun, as the samyn had never bene done. And siclyk, the Lordis of
this Realme of Scotland sall do of all busynes betwix thame and the
Frenche men in thir pairtis. And gif, be sinister informatioun, or ony
uther occasioun, thair Majesteis hes conceavit ony evill opinioun
against thair subjectis, thay sall alluterlie forgett, and change the
samyn; nor thay sall not depryve any of thame, nor denude any of
thame, or of thair subjectis, of the officeis, beneficeis, or
estaitis, quhilkis thay have bruikit in the said Realme befoir, be
rassone of ony thyngis thay have middillit with, fra the said saxt day
of Marche 1558 [-9.] And farther, sall mak na occasioun of
deprivatioun, or deposing of thame be any uther cullour without caus;
bot rather thay sall esteme and treit thame in tyme cuming as gude and
obedient subjectis, providing that the saidis Lordis and uther
subjectis, on thair pairtis, mak to thair Majesteis haill obedience,
siclyk as utheris faithfull and naturall subjectis aucht to thair
Soveraneis.
_Item_, It is concordit and aggreit, That it sall be lefull to nane of
the Lordis of the Nobilitie of Scotland, or ony utheris, to mak
convocatioun of men of weir, bot in the ordinarie causses approvit be
the lawis and consuetude of the Realme; and that nane of thame sall
cause ony men of weir, strangeris, to cum in thir pairtis, and mekill
less sall attempt to do ony thyng against the Kyng and Quene, or
aganeis the authoritie of the Counsall, and utheris Magistratis of the
Realme; and thay quhilkis hes presentit the said petitioun sall be
obleist thairunto. And in caise any of thame, or utheris, find
occasioun to invaid, or tak armour aganist any man, as he pretendis,
efter that he have communicatit the mater with the counsall of the
Realme, he sall present his complaynt to thair Majesteis: and
generallie, thay sall obliss thame, under the saidis paines, to do the
thyngis quhilkis pertenis to guid and faithfull subjectis, for the
quyetnes and tranquillitie of the Realme, and rychtis of thair
Soveraneis.
_Item_, It is aggreit, &c., That gif ony Bischopis, Abbotis, or uther
kyrk men sall playnt, or allege thame to have resavit any injureis,
eyther in thair personeis or guidis, the playnt sall be sene and
considderit be the Estaitis in the said Conventioun and Parliament;
and thair sall be maid redress, as thay sall find according to
reassone: And in the meinetyme, na man sall stopp thame, bot thay sall
bruik thair guddis; nor sall do any skaith, injurie, or violence to
thame: and gif ony dois contravene to this article, he sall be
persewit be the Lordis as ane perturbar of ane guid communwelth.
_Item_, It is concordit, &c., That the saidis Lordis sall obliss thame
to observe, and cause be observit, all and sindrie pointis and
articleis aggreit in this Treateis: and gif it happinis that any of
thame, or ony uther, wald contravene the same, the remanent Lordis and
residew of the haill pepill, sall be ennemeis to him, and sall persew
him till he be chaistisit and puneisit according to his demereitis.
_Item_, It is concordit, &c., That all the haill Realme may know that
the Kyng and Quene ar not willing to keip any rememberance of the
trubillis and differencis bygane; and sa far as concernis the
Nobilitie and utheris subjectis of the Realme, that thair Majesteis
desyris to treit thame humanelie, and to be favourabill to thame; the
saidis Deputis hes promeist and concordit that the Duck of
Chastellarault, and all uthiris Nobillmen of Scotland, sall be
remittit, and put again in all thair guddis and beneficeis, quhilkis
thay haid and joysit in France, that thay may bruik and joyse the same
in the samyn maner as thay did of befoir thay differenceis, the said
saxt day of Marche, and yeir foirsaid, evin as the saidis
contraverseis had never chanceit. And alssua, that all capitulatiouns
and articleis aggreit upoun in tymeis bigane, and speciallie thay that
war appointit in the Kyng and Queneis contract, sall be observit and
keipit, alsweill for the pairt or thair Majesteis as for the pairt of
the Nobilitie and pepill of Scotland. And as concerning David, sone to
the said Duck of Chastellarault,[182] now being in Boys de Vincent,
libertie sall be grantit to him to returne to Scotland, and to do as
he pleise.
[182] Lord David Hamilton, the third son of the Duke of Chatelherault:
see note, vol. i. p. 383. He returned to Scotland in October 1560.
Mairover, quhen the saidis Deputis exponit, that sum tyme it mycht
chance that the Kyng mycht mister of his greit gunis and artailyerie
in France, the saidis Lordis having consideratioun thairof, concordit,
That na uther artailyerie be translatit out of this Realme, bot thay
quhilkis war send and brocht in fra the day and deceise of Francis,
King of France,[183] of guid memorie to thir pairtis; and that all
uther artailyerie and munitioun be reponit in placeis quhair thay war
takin furth, and speciallie [those] that hes the armeis[184] of
Scotland sall be put in the placeis quhair thay war takin furth of;
and their sall be Nobill men of Scotland [appointed] thairfoir, and
twa for the pairt of the Kingis Majestie is to be deput, to recognosce
the samyn befoir the schipping thairof.
[183] Francis the First, died 31st March 1547.
[184] In MS. G, "and in speciall that have the armes."
And, mairover, that quhair for the pairt of the Nobilitie and pepill
of Scotland, certane Articles concerning the Religioun[185] and
uthiris pointis war presentit, quhilkis the saidis Deputis wald not
tuyche, bot considering the wecht and importance of thame, remittit
the samyn to be recognoscit and decidit be thair Majesties; the saidis
Lordis and Nobilitie promeisit, that ane certane number of Nobill men
sall be chosin in the nixt Convention and Parliament, to be sent to
their Majesties, quhilkis sall expone to thair Hienes the thingis
quhilkis sall be thocht neidfull for the estait of thair busyness, and
for the foirmentionat and utheris articles and pointis undecidit with
the saidis Deputis, to the effect that thay may knaw thair Majesties
intention and benevolence upon the thingis quhilkis sall be exponit
for the pairt of the country; the quhilkis alsua sall have with thame
ane confirmatioun and ratificatioun be the Estaitis of the Realme of
the Articleis quhilkis ar concordit and aggreit be the saidis Deputis,
to quham alsua the same tyme, or of befoir, sall be gevin and
delyverit ane lyk confirmatioun and ratificatioun maid be thair
Majesties, sua being that the saidis Estaitis send thair ratificatioun
foirsaid.
[185] In mentioning "the soum and effect" of this Treaty, in which,
"as to the state of religions, the same was deferrit to ane new
Treatie," Bishop Lesley subjoins the following explanation: "Heir is
necessar to be rememberit, the caus quhy in this Treatye thair was
nothing aggreit tueching Religione; becaus the Commissioners of
Ingland wald haif wished the Congregatione of Scotland to haif
ressavit the discipline and ceremonies conforme to the Order
establishit laitly befoir in thair Parliament of Ingland, so that
boith the Realmes micht haif ben uniforme in religione and ceremonies;
bot the Ministers and Congregatione of Scotland, thinking thair awin
profession eftir the order and discipline of Geneva, to be moir puir,
as conteyning no uther ceremonies nor is expressely mentioned in the
Scriptour, thairfore wald not ressave or admitt any uther; and the
Commissioners for France walde not appreve nane of the twa; and
thairfoir that mater was delayit."--(History, p. 292.)
[In witness whereof, &c.]
THE PROCLAMATIOUN OF THE THYNGIS ABOVE WRITTIN, MAID THE
AUCHT DAY OF JULIJ, THE YEIR OF GOD J^M V^C THRESCOIR
YEIRIS.
TO THE LOVING OF THE MAIST PUISSANT LORD, AND CONFORT OF ALL
CHRISTIANIS: The maist puissant Prince and Princess, and
maist Christiane Kyng and Quene Francis and Marie, be the
grace of God Kyng and Quene of France and Scotland, and the
maist puissant Princess Elizabeth, be the samyn grace Quene
of Ingland, Ireland, &c.: It is concordit, and
reconciliatioun of peace and amitie maid, quhilk is to be
observit inviolablie amangis thame, thair subjects, realmes,
and countreys: Forsamekle in name of the said Prince and
Princesses, it is commandit and straitlie chargeit, to all
maner of personis under thair obedience, or being in thair
service, fra this furth,[186] to desist fra all hostilitie,
baith by sey and land, and to keip ane good peace the ane
with the uther; and with charge to the brekaris under their
greit parrell, &c.
[186] In MS. G, "from this tyme furth;" in Vautr. edit., "from
henceforth." In the Diurnal of Occurrents, "fra this day furth, to
desist and ceis fra all."
[Sidenote: THE PROFFITT THAT LEYTH GAT OF THAIR PROMESIT LIBERTIE.]
Thir thingis transactit, and the peace proclamit, as said is, suddane
provisioun was maid for the transporting of the Frensche to France, of
whom the maist pairt were put into the Ingliss schippis, quha alsua
careit with thame the haill spulzie of Leith; and that was the secund
benefite quhilk thay resavit of thair lait promeisit libertie, the end
quhairof is not yitt cum. The Ingliss army be land depairtit the
sextene day of Julij, the yeir of God J^m V^c threscoir yeiris. The
maist pairt of oure Nobilitie, Protestantis, honorabillie convoyit
thame (as in verray deid thay had weill deservit): Bot the Lord James
wald nocht leave the Lord Gray, with the uther nobill men of Ingland,
till that thay enterit in Berwick. Efter quhaise returnyng, the
Counsall began to luik, alsweill upoun the effairis of the
commonwelth, as upoun the matteris that mycht concerne the stabilitie
of Religioun.
* * * * *
As befoir we have heard, the Parliament [was] concludit to begyn the
xx. [10th] of July, and to be contynewit to the first of August
nixt;[187] and thairfoir the Lordis maid the greater expeditioun, that
all thyngis mycht be put in convenient ordour. Bot befoir all thyngis
the Preachouris exhortit thame, (for than in Edinburgh war the maist
pairt of the cheif Ministeris of the Realme) to be thankfull unto God,
and nixt to provyde, that the ministeris mycht be distributeit as the
necessitie of the countrey requyreit. Ane day was statute, quhen the
haill Nobilitie, and the greitest pairt of the Congregatioun
assembillit in Sanct Geilis Kirk in Edinburgh, quhair, efter the
sermond maid for that purpoise, publick thankis war gevin unto God for
his mercifull deliverance, in forme as followis:--
[187] The Treaty of Peace thus concluded and signed, peace was
proclaimed, as above, on the 8th of July; and Parliament was assembled
on the 10th of that month, to adjourn, as had been determined, until
the first of August. The 10th of July occurs also in the Acts printed
immediately after the Confession; but both here, and at page 76, Knox
specifies the 20th of that month. The solemn public thanksgiving held
in St. Giles's Church, on the 19th July, was undoubtedly conducted by
Knox himself, although he withholds his own name, in the above
narrative.