field is "Modern Chivalry," by Hugh Henry Brackenridge. The third volume
of this book was printed in Pittsburgh in 1796, the first two having
been published in Philadelphia. This writer's son, Henry M.
Brackenridge, was also an author, having written "History of the Late
War between the United States and Great Britain," "History of the
Western Insurrection called the Whisky Insurrection, 1794," "Journal of
a Voyage up the River Missouri, Performed in 1811," "Recollections of
Persons and Places in the West," and several other books. Neville B.
Craig wrote a "History of Pittsburgh," published in 1851, which is still
a work of standard reference. Another "History of Pittsburgh" was
brought out some ten years ago under the editorship of Erasmus Wilson,
who has also published a volume of "Quiet Observations," selected from
his newspaper essays. But the most important, painstaking, and accurate
"History of Pittsburgh" which has yet been published is the one by Miss
Sarah H. Killikelly, published in 1906. Another book of hers, "Curious
Questions," is an entertaining collection of many queer things that have
occurred in the world's history. Robert P. Nevin wrote "Black Robes" and
"Three Kings." Professor Samuel P. Langley was for many years in charge
of the Allegheny Observatory and won fame while here as a writer on
scientific subjects. Also the first models of his flying machine were
made while he was a resident in Pittsburgh. W. M. Darlington wrote "Fort
Pitt" and edited the journals of Christopher Gist, who was Washington's
scout when the Father of his Country first came to Pittsburgh. "Two Men
in the West" is the title of a little book on travel by W. R. Halpin.
Arthur G. Burgoyne, a newspaper writer, has published "All Sorts of
Pittsburghers." George Seibel has written three beautiful plays which
have not yet been produced because the modern stage managers seem to
prefer to produce unbeautiful plays. One of these is "Omar Khayyam,"
which was accepted and paid for by Richard Mansfield, who died before he
could arrange for its production. Another is "Christopher Columbus," and
he has just finished an important tragedy entitled "OEdipus," dealing
artistically with a horrifying story, which has been accepted for early
production by Mr. Robert Mantel. Mr. Seibel has published a monograph on
"The Mormon Problem." Charles P. Shiras wrote the "Redemption of Labor,"
and a drama, "The Invisible Prince," which was played in the old
Pittsburgh Theater. Bartley Campbell was the most prolific writer of
plays that Pittsburgh has yet produced, and his melodramas have been
played in nearly every theater in America. H. G. Donnelly, well known as
a playwright, was also a Pittsburgher. Mrs. Mary Roberts Rinehart is a
young author who is coming to the front as a writer of successful
dramas, stories, and books. Her plays, "The Double Life" and "By Order
of the Court" have been produced, and a novel, "The Circular Staircase,"
has just appeared from the press. My own little play, "The Brayton
Episode," was played by Miss Sarah Truax at the Alvin Theater,
Pittsburgh, June 24, 1903, and by Miss Eleanor Moretti at the Fifth
Avenue Theater, New York, January 15, 1905.
[Illustration: Margaret Morrison Carnegie School for Women]
Rev. W. G. Mackay wrote tales of history under the title of "The Skein
of Life." Father Morgan M. Sheedy and Rev. Dr. George Hodges, who used
to strive together in Pittsburgh to surpass each other in tearing down
the walls of religious prejudice that keep people out of the Kingdom of
Heaven, have each given us several books on social and religious topics
composed on the broad and generous lines of thought which only such
sensible teachers know how to employ. Among Dr. Hodges' books are
"Christianity between Sundays," the "Heresy of Cain," and "Faith and
Social Service"; while Father Sheedy has published "Social Topics."
That devoted student of nature, Dr. Benjamin Cutler Jillson, wrote a
book called "Home Geology," and another, "River Terraces In and Near
Pittsburgh," which carry the fancy into far-off antiquity. Professor
Daniel Carhart, of the University of Pittsburgh, has given us "Field
Work for Civil Engineers" and "Treatise on Plane Surveying." From J.
Heron Foster we have "A Full Account of the Great Fire at Pittsburgh in
1845." Adelaide M. Nevin published "Social Mirror," and Robert P. Nevin
"Poems," a book with mood and feeling. Dr. Stephen A. Hunter, a
clergyman, is the author of an erudite work entitled "Manual of
Therapeutics and Pharmacy in the Chinese Language."
Walter Scott, who, after taking a course at the University of Edinburgh,
came to Pittsburgh in 1826, was a very distinguished preacher and
author. His greatest reputation was gained in his work in association
with Alexander Campbell in establishing the principles of the now mighty
congregation known as the Christian, or Disciples, Church. His books
are: "The Gospel Restored," "The Great Demonstration," and "The Union of
Christians."
A memoir of Professor John L. Lincoln, by his son, W. L. Lincoln, gives
a record of a life so spent that many men were truly made better
thereby. Father Andrew A. Lambing, President of the Historical Society
of Western Pennsylvania, has written useful monographs on the early
history of this region, and he is one of the first authorities in that
field. He has also composed books on religious subjects. E. W. Duckwell
wrote "Bacteriology Applied to the Canning and Preserving of Food
Products."
Richard Realf was a poet "whose songs gushed from his heart," and some
of them hold a place in literature. His "Monarch of the Forges" breathes
the deep spirit of industrial life as he found it in Pittsburgh.
Mr. Lee S. Smith, now (1908) president of the Chamber of Commerce, has
published an interesting book entitled "Through Egypt to Palestine,"
describing his travels in the Orient.
Our men who have written most knowingly on industrial topics are James
M. Swank and Joseph D. Weeks. A young writer, Francis Hill, has
published a very readable boys' story, "Outlaws of Horseshoe Hole," and
Arthur Sanwood Pier has published "The Pedagogues," a novel satirizing
the Harvard Summer School.
Rev. Henry C. McCook's very successful novel, "The Latimers," is an
engaging study of the whisky insurrection of early Pittsburgh days.
Thomas B. Plimpton is remembered by some as a writer of verse. Judge J.
E. Parke and Judge Joseph Mellon have written historical essays. Josiah
Copley wrote "Gathering Beulah." Logan Conway is the author of "Money
and Banking." He has also written a series of essays on "Evolution."
Miss Cara Reese has published a little story entitled "And She Got All
That." Miss Willa Sibert Cather has just published her "Poems." Charles
McKnight's "Old Fort Duquesne; or Captain Jack the Scout" is a stirring
book that has fired the hearts of many boys who love a good tale.
William Harvey Brown's story, "On the South African Frontier," was
written and published while he was a curator in the Carnegie Museum.
Pittsburgh has produced a group of standard schoolbooks--always of the
very first importance in the literature of any country. Among these are
the books by Andrew Burt and Milton B. Goff, and a series of readers by
Lucius Osgood.
[Illustration: Design of University of Pittsburgh]
Henry J. Ford's "Rise and Growth of American Politics" is a well-studied
work. Henry A. Miller's "Money and Bimetallism" is a conscientious
statement of his investigations of that question. Judge Marshall Brown
has written two books, "Bulls and Blunders" and "Wit and Humor of Famous
Sayings." Frank M. Bennett's "Steam Navy of the United States" is a
useful technical work.
L. C. Van Noppen, after pursuing his studies of Dutch literature in
Holland, came to Pittsburgh and wrote a translation of Vondel's great
Dutch classical poem "Lucifer." Vondel published the original of this
work some ten or fifteen years before Milton's "Paradise Lost" appeared,
and critics have tried to show by the deadly parallel column that Milton
drew the inspiration for some of his highest poetical flights from
Vondel. It is probable, however, that Milton was unconscious of the
existence of Vondel's work.
S. L. Fleishman has translated the poems of Heine with tenderness and
feeling. Ella Boyce Kirk has written several educational pamphlets.
Morgan Neville published a poem, "Comparisons." From that Prince Rupert
of the astronomers, Professor James E. Keeler, who has made more than
one fiery dash across the borderland of known science, we have
"Spectroscopic Observations of Nebulae." That truly gifted woman,
Margaretta Wade Deland, was born in Pittsburgh in 1857 and resided here
until her marriage in 1880. Among her books are "John Ward, Preacher,"
"The Story of a Child," "Philip and His Wife," and "Old Chester Tales."
Jane Grey Swisshelm wrote the recollections of an eventful experience
under the title "Half a Century of Life." Nicholas Biddle composed a
studious "Life of Sebastian Cabot," and another book, "Modern Chivalry."
Mrs. Annie Wade has written poems and stories. The city has fathered
many able writers against slavery and intemperance, among whom was
William H. Burleigh, who wrote "Our Country." William B. Conway wrote
"Cottage on the Cliff." From Rev. John Black we have "The Everlasting
Kingdom," and Rev. John Tassey published a "Life of Christ." William G.
Johnston's interesting book, "Experiences of a Forty-niner," was
published in 1892. John Reed Scott has published two successful novels,
"The Colonel of the Red Hussars" and "Beatrix of Clare." Martha Fry
Boggs wrote "A Romance of New Virginia." Then there are "Polly and I,"
by Cora Thurmston; "Free at Last" and "Emma's Triumph," by Mrs. Jane S.
Collins; "Her Brother Donnard," by Emily E. Verder; "Essays," by Anna
Pierpont Siviter; "Human Progress," by Thomas S. Blair; "Steel: A Manual
for Steel Users," a useful monograph by William Metcalf; and "Memoir of
John B. Gibson," by Colonel Thomas P. Roberts. Then there are some poor
things from my own pen, if, in order to make the record complete, I may
add them at the end--"Oliver Cromwell: A History" (1894); "John
Marmaduke: A Romance of the English Invasion of Ireland in 1649"
(1897); "Beowulf: A Poem" (1901); "Penruddock of the White Lambs," a
novel (1903); "The Brayton Episode," a play (1903); "The Sword of the
Parliament," a play (1907); and this, "A Short History of Pittsburgh"
(1908).
And such is the list. Imperfect though it may be, it is the best that I
have been able to compose. But how large and full the measure of it all
is! History, biography, philosophy, religion, nature, science,
criticism, government, coinage and finance, art, poetry, the drama,
travel, adventure, fiction, society, education, all avenues of human
activity, all themes of human speculation, have been covered in books
written with more or less interest and power by men and women of
Pittsburgh. Much of this volume of production is ephemeral, but some of
it on the other hand is undoubtedly a permanent addition to the world's
literature.
X
One word more before leaving this subject. Literature has not until
recently enjoyed that degree of attention from the public press of
Pittsburgh which it deserves. It ought to be the concern of every human
unit in the nation to receive honest guidance in the development of
literature; for literature, once again, is the written record of thought
and action. Mobs will melt away when the units in the mob begin to
think, and they will think when they read. Then will the law be
paramount, and then will our institutions be safe. Thousands of our
serious people annually subscribe for literary reviews of one kind or
another in order that they may follow the rapid expansion of the written
record of the thought and action of the world, when the whole department
might be covered so admirably by our daily newspapers. Should not the
newspaper give each household practically all it needs in criticism and
information outside of the printed books themselves? How easily we could
spare some of the glaring and exaggerated headlines over the daily
record of crime, misconduct, and false leadership, which inflame the
mind and the passions with evil fire, and how joyfully we would welcome
instead an intelligent, conscientious, comprehensive, discriminating,
piquant--in short, a masterful discussion from day to day of the written
record of the thought and action of the world as unfolded in its
statesmanship, its oratory, its education, its heroism, and its
literature.
[Illustration: Allegheny Observatory, University of Pittsburgh]
XI
And so my little story of Pittsburgh comes to an end. It is the story of
a great achievement in the building of a city, and the development of a
community within its boundaries. I have sometimes heard a sneer at
Pittsburgh as a place where undigested wealth is paramount. I have never
beheld the city in that character. On the contrary, I have, on frequent
occasions, seen the assemblage of men native here where a goodly section
of the brain and power of the nation was represented. There is much
wealth here, but the dominant spirit of those who have it is not a
spirit of pride and luxury and arrogance. There is much poverty here,
but it is the poverty of hope which effort and opportunity will
transform into affluence. And especially is there here a spirit of good
fellowship, of help one to another, and of pride in the progress of the
intellectual life. And with all of these comes a growth toward the best
civic character which in its aggregate expression is probably like unto
the old Prophet's idea of that righteousness which exalteth a nation.
[Illustration: Phipps Conservatory, Schenley Park]
INDEX
Adams, Gabriel, Mayor, 51
Alexander, John W., 91, 106
Allegheny, made county-seat, 40;
county-seat changed to Pittsburgh, 40;
annexed to Pittsburgh, 52
Allegheny Cemetery, 90
Allegheny County, erection of, 40;
iron and steel products of, 84
Allegheny Observatory, 84, 99
Allegheny River improved, 82
Allegheny Theological Seminary, 102
Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers, 71, 78
Amherst, General, captures Fort Frontenac, 29
Anderson, Edwin H., 91
Archer, Frederick, 94
Archer, William, 100
Armstrong, Colonel, raises English flag over Fort Duquesne, 29
Artists, list of, 106
Astronomical Observatory, 91, 106
Authors, list of, 112
Ball, Sir Robert S., 96
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company, 49, 60, 81
Barker, Joseph, Mayor, 51
Baron, Father, 29
Beatty, John W., 92, 108
Beatty, Rev. Mr., 29
Beaujeu, Captain, attacks Braddock's army, 22;
killed, 23
Bell, C. F. Moberly, 96
Benedite, Leonce, 95
Bennett, Frank M., 120
Biddle, Nicholas, 121
Bingham, William, Mayor, 51
Black, John, 121
Blackmore, James, Mayor, 52
Blair, Francis P., 55
Blair, Thomas S., 121
"Blockhouse," built by Bouquet, 34;
occupied by Dr. John Connelly, 37;
used by Colonial troops in Revolution, 37
Boggs, Martha Fry, 121
Bouquet, Colonel Henry, builds "Blockhouse," 34;
leads army at Battle of Bushy Run, 35
Brackenridge, Henry M., 112
Brackenridge, Hugh Henry, 112
Braddock, General Edward, marches upon Fort Duquesne, 21;
wounded in battle, 24;
his army defeated, 24;
death of, 25
Braddock's defeat, effect of on Colonies, 25
Brashear, John A., 85
Breckinridge, John C., 57
Broadhead, Colonel, 38
Brown, A. M., Recorder, 52
Brown, Joseph, 70
Brown, J. O., Recorder, 52
Brown, Marshall, 120
Brown, William Harvey, 118
Brush, Jared M., Mayor, 52
Bryce, Right Honorable James, 95
Buchanan, James, 57
Burgoyne, Arthur G., 113
Burleigh, William H., 121
Burt, Andrew, 118
Bushy Run, Battle of, 35
Caldwell, John, 94
Calvary Cemetery, 90
Campbell, Alexander, 117
Campbell, Bartley, 114
Carhart, Daniel, 116
Carnegie, Andrew, 85, 96, 106, 110
Carnegie Institute, 91, 99
Carnegie Steel Company, 71, 77
Carnegie Technical Schools, 91, 94
Cassatt, Alexander Johnston, 85
Cassatt, Mary, 106
Cather, Willa Sibert, 118
Celeron, Louis, 16
Charitable institutions, 103
Chatham, Earl of (William Pitt), 25, 29, 37
Church, Samuel, 83
Church, Samuel Harden, 94, 114, 121
Civil War, 53
Clarke, Thomas S., 123
Clay, Henry, visits Pittsburgh, 58
Cleveland, Grover, 95
Coffin, William A., 108
Collins annexed to Pittsburgh, 52
Collins, Jane S., 121
Composers, list of, 106
Constant, Baron d'Estournelles de, 95
Constitutional Convention, 53
Contrecoeur, Captain, visited by Washington, 17;
his reply received by English, 19;
captures fort at Pittsburgh and names it Fort Duquesne, 20
Conway, Logan, 118
Conway, William B., 121
Copley, Josiah, 118
Country Club, 90
Court-house, architect of, 103;
cost of, 103
Craig, Neville B., 113
Cranston, Sir Robert, 96
Craver, Harrison W., 92
Dalzell, John, 108
Darlington, W. M., 113
Darragh, John, Mayor, 51
Daughters of American Revolution, 34
Davis Island Dam, 82
Dayton, William L., 57
Defiance, Fort, built by General Wayne, 42
Deland, Margaretta Wade, 120
Denny, Ebenezer, Mayor, 51
Denny, Governor, 29
Dickens, Charles, visits Pittsburgh, 58
Dickhuth, Colonel Gustav, 96
Diehl, William J., Mayor, 52
Dinwiddie, Governor, sends Washington to Pittsburgh, 14
Donnelly, H. G., 114
Doumer, Paul, 95
Duckwell, E. W., 117
Dunfermline, 28
Dunmore, Governor, opens land office in Pittsburgh, 35
Duquesne, Fort, built and named by French, 20;
captured by English, 29;
blown up and burned by French, 29;
taken possession of by English, 29;
name changed to Fort Pitt, 29
East Liberty Academy, 102
Ecuyer, Simon, leads attack on Fort Pitt, 35
Elgar, Sir Edward, 96
Emancipation Proclamation, 53
England, war with France, 15
Enlart, Camille, 95
Fang, Wu Ting, 95
Farragut, Admiral, visits Pittsburgh, 58
Fleishman, S. L., 120
Forbes, General, captures Fort Duquesne, 14;
names captured fort Pittsburgh, 14, 29;
his letter to Pitt announcing capture and renaming of Fort Duquesne, 29
Ford, Henry J., 118
Ford, Henry P., Mayor, 52
Foster, J. Heron, 116
Foster, Stephen C., 106
Founder's Day, 95
France, war with England, 15
Franklin, Benjamin, 21
Fremont, John C., 57
French Revolution, 43
Frew, William N., 94
Frick, Henry C., 72, 76, 77, 85
Frontenac, Fort, captured by General Amherst, 29
Fulton, Andrew, Mayor, 52
Gilder, Richard Watson, 95
Gist, Christopher, accompanies Washington to Pittsburgh, 14;
hardships of journey to Fort Leboeuff, 17, 18, 19;
saves Washington from drowning, 19
Gleim School, 102
Goff, Milton B., 118
Gourley, Henry I., Mayor, 52
Grant, General U. S., visits Pittsburgh, 58
Grant, Major, defeated at Grant's Hill and killed, 28
Great Meadows, Battle of, 20
Greeley, Horace, 55, 56, 57
Greensburg, 40
Guthrie, George W., Mayor, 52
Guthrie, John B., Mayor, 51
Guthrie, P. N., 70
Guyesuta, 17
Hailman, Johanna Woodwell, 108
Hall of Botany, 102
Halpin, W. R., 113
Hamerschlag, Arthur A., 94
Hancock, John, 38
Hand, General Edward, plans expedition against Indians, 38
Hay, Alexander, Mayor, 51
Hays, W. B., Recorder and Mayor, 52
Heinz Company, 84
Herbert, Victor, 94
Herron Hill Reservoir, 105
Herron, John, Mayor, 51
Herr's Island, 19
Hetzel, George, 108
Highland Park, 90
Hill, Francis, 117
Hodges, George, 116
Holland, W. J., 94, 110
Homestead Steel Works, 68
Homestead strike, 71
Homewood Cemetery, 90
Hopkins, Anderson H., 91
Hospitals, 103
Howard, William J., Mayor, 51
Hunter, Stephen A., 116
Ihne, Ernst von, 96
Indians cede land about Pittsburgh to Colonies, 35
Irvine, General William, placed in command of Fort Pitt, 39
Irwin, William W., Mayor, 51
Jackson, George N., 56
Jefferson, Joseph, 95
Jillson, Benjamin Cutler, 116
Johns, Clarence M., 108
Johnson, President, visits Pittsburgh, 58
Johnston, Governor, visits Pittsburgh, 58
Johnston, William G., 121
Johnstown Flood, 58
Jumonville, death of, 20
Keeler, James E., 120
Kensington Iron Works, 83
Kerr, William, Mayor, 51
Keyashuta, Indian chief, 17
Killikelly, Sarah H., 113
King, John A., 55
Kirk, Ella Boyce, 120
Knox, Philander C., 108
Koser, Reinhold, 96
Kossuth, Louis, visits Pittsburgh, 58
Lady of Mercy Academy, 102
Lafayette, Fort, built, 42
Lafayette, General, visits Pittsburgh, 58
Lambing, A. A., 117
Langley, Samuel P., 113
Lawman, Jaspar, 108
Lawrenceville annexed to Pittsburgh, 52
Leboeuff, Fort, 17
Leisser, Martin B., 108
Lexington, Battle of, 37
Liberty annexed to Pittsburgh, 52
Liddell, Robert, Mayor, 52
Ligneris, Captain, surrenders Fort Duquesne, 29
Lincoln, Abraham, visits Pittsburgh, 58
Lincoln, John L., 117
Lincoln, W. L., 117
Little, William, Mayor, 51
Loewenfeld, His Excellency Lieutenant General Alfred von, 95
Logstown, storehouses built by Ohio Company, 16;
captured by French, 16
Louisburg, capture of, 28
Lowrie, Walter B., Mayor, 51
Lowry, James, Mayor, 51
Lyon, Robert W., Mayor, 52
"Maarten Maartens," 96
Macbeth, George A., 94
Macbeth, James Currie, 96
Mackay, W. G., 116
Magee, C. L., 102
Mail route to Philadelphia established, 40
Mansfield, Robert, 114
Mantel, Robert, 114
Mayflower, landing of, 53
McCallin, William, Mayor, 52
McCarthy, William C., Mayor, 52
McCarthy, W. L., Mayor, 52
McClintock, Jonas R., Mayor, 51
McConway, William, 95
McCook, Henry C., 118
McCormick, Samuel Black, 99
McCrea, James, 78
McKenna, Bernard, Mayor, 52
McKinley, William, 95
McKnight, Charles, 118
Mellon, Joseph, 118
Mellor, Charles C., 94
Metcalf, William, 121
Miller, Henry A., 118
Milton, John, 120
Mitchell, P. Chalmers, 107
Monongahela River improved, 83
Monroe, President, visited Pittsburgh, 58
Montcalm, death of, 31
Moretti, Eleanor, 114
Morgan, Colonel George, 38
Morley, John, 95
Murray, Magnus M., Mayor, 51
Necessity, Fort, built by Washington, 21;
captured by French, 21
Neville, Morgan, 120
Nevin, Adelaide M., 116
Nevin, Ethelbert, 106
Nevin, Robert P., 113, 116
Newspapers, list of, 40, 113
New York Central Lines, 60, 81
Niagara, Fort, fall of, 31
Nixon Theater, 103
Oakland annexed to Pittsburgh, 52
O'Hara, James, 84
Ohio & Pennsylvania Railroad, 49
Ohio Company formed, 16
Osgood, Lucius, 118
Parke, J. E., 118
Paur, Emil, 94
Pearson, A. L., 63
Peebles annexed to Pittsburgh, 52
Penn family, purchased Pittsburgh region from Indians, 39;
their title annulled, 39
Pennsylvania, dispute with Virginia settled, 40
Pennsylvania and Ohio R. R. Co. incorporated, 48
Pennsylvania Canal, proposed, 47;
construction authorized, 47;
canal completed, 48;
termini of, 48;
portage railroad, 48;
cost, 48;
sold to Pennsylvania Railroad Company, 48;
abandoned, 49
Pennsylvania College for Women, 102
Pennsylvania Railroad Company, 48, 49, 60, 81, 85
Pennsylvania, Western University of. See University of Pittsburgh
Pettigrew, Samuel, Mayor, 51
Phipps Conservatory, 102
Phipps, Henry, 85, 102, 106
Pier, Arthur Stanwood, 118
Pinkerton, Robert A., 76
Pitcairn, Robert, 94
Pitt annexed to Pittsburgh, 52
Pitt, Fort, building of first fort, 30;
building of second fort, 31;
abandoned, 36;
mutiny at, 39;
General William Irvine put in command, 39;
first court held, 40
Pitt, William, Earl of Chatham, 25, 29, 37
Pittsburgh, site selected for fort, 13, 14;
site claimed by Virginia, 14;
said to have been named by Washington, 14;
French attempt to make settlement, 16;
explored by Louis Celeron, 16;
Washington's first impressions of, 17;
first permanent white settlement, 20;
captured by Contrecoeur, 20;
named Fort Duquesne, 20;
captured from French by English, 29;
name changed to Pittsburgh, 29;
first Fort Pitt built, 30;
second Fort Pitt built, 31;
attacked by Indians under Simon Ecuyer, 35;
land ceded to Colonies by Indians,35;
land office opened, 35;
made county seat, 40;
first court held, 40;
ducking-stool erected, 40;
size of in 1786, 40;
mail route to Philadelphia established, 40;
new fort built and named Fort Lafayette, 42;
town laid out, 50;
incorporated as a borough, 50;
chartered as a city, 50;
new charter adopted in 1887, 50;
"Ripper" charter adopted, 50;
list of mayors, 51;
first Republican Convention, 53;
distinguished visitors, 58;
great fire, 58;
railroad riots, 59;
consolidation of Pittsburgh and Allegheny, 52;
present population, 79, 81;
tonnage compared with other cities, 82;
surrounded by rich coal and gas fields, 83;
imports in 1907, 83;
manufacture of iron begun, 83;
iron and steel statistics, 83, 84, 86;
value of various products, 84;
first glass works built, 84;
rank as a glass-producing center, 84;
as a banking center, 85;
tax valuation of property, 86;
public buildings, 103;
hospitals, 103;
charitable institutions, 103;
water supply, 105
Pittsburgh Academy, 41, 98, 102
Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad, 49
Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Canal, 81
Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad, 49
Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad, 49
Pittsburgh Country Club, 90
Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad, 49
Pittsburgh Harbor, 82
Pittsburgh Orchestra, 94, 106
Pittsburgh riots, 59
Pittsburgh, University of, 41, 98
Plimpton, Thomas B., 118
Pontiac plans attack on whites, 34
Poole, Eugene A., 108
Poorten-Schwartz, Joost Marius Willem van der ("Maarten Maartens"), 96
Preece, Sir William Henry, 96
Quebec, fall of, 31
Realf, Richard, 117
Rebellion, War of, 53
Reed, James H., 94
Reese, Cara, 118
Reformed Presbyterian Theological Seminary, 102
Reid, Whitelaw, 95
Reinhart, Charles Stanley, 106
Republican Association, 54
Republican Party, founding of, 52;
first Convention, 55;
first candidates, 57
Rhys, John, 96
Richardson, H. H., 103
Riddle, Robert M., Mayor, 51
Rinehart, Mary Roberts, 114
"Ripper" charter, 50
Riverview Park, 90
Roberts, E. S., 96
Roberts, Thomas P., 121