There must be birth and blossoming;
Nature will waken with a kiss
Next Spring!
_Clement Scott._
* * * * *
Thorny balls, each three in one,
The chestnuts throw in our path in showers!
For the drop of the woodland fruit's begun,
These early November hours.
_Browning._
* * * * *
There never was a juster debt
Than what the dry do pay for wet;
Never a debt was paid more nigh
As what the wet do pay for dry!
* * * * *
A wet Sunday, a fine Monday, wet the rest of the week.
_Winchester._
* * * * *
An early winter,
A surly winter.
* * * * *
ST. MARTIN'S DAY. (_November 11th._)
If Martinmas ice can bear a duck,
The winter will be all mire and muck.
* * * * *
'Tween Martinmas and Yule,
Water's wine in every pool.
* * * * *
If it is cold, fair, and dry at Martinmas, the cold in winter will not
last long.
_Old saying._
* * * * *
Young and old must go warm at Martinmas.
_Italy._
* * * * *
Weary the cloud falleth out of the sky.
Dreary the leaf lieth low,
All things must come to the earth by-and-by,
Out of which all things grow.
_Owen Meredith._
* * * * *
The year's on the wane,
There is nothing adorning,
The night has no eve,
And the day has no morning;
Cold winter gives warning.
_Hood._
* * * * *
The melancholy days are come, the saddest of the year,
Of wailing winds, and naked woods, and meadows brown and sere;
Heaped in the hollows of the grove, the withered leaves lie dead,
They rustle to the eddying gust, and to the rabbit's tread.
The robin and the wren are flown, and from the shrub the jay,
And from the wood-tops calls the crow, through all the gloomy day.
_W. Cullen Bryant._
* * * * *
NOVEMBER 20TH. (_St. Edmund's Day._)
Set garlike and pease
St. Edmund to please.
_Tusser._
* * * * *
If on Friday it rain,
'Twill on Sunday again;
If Friday be clear,
Have for Sunday no fear.
* * * * *
From twelve to two
See what the day will do.
* * * * *
NOVEMBER 23RD. (_St. Clement's Day._)
Catherine and Clement, be here, be here;
Some of your apples, and some of your beer;
Some for Peter, and some for Paul,
And some for Him that made us all.
Clement was a good old man,
For his sake give us some;
Not of the worst, but some of the best,
And God will send your soul to rest.
_Worcestershire._
* * * * *
NOVEMBER 30TH. (_St. Andrew's Day._)
On St. Andrew's the night is twice as long as the day.
_Portugal._
DECEMBER
Ancient Cornish name:
Miz-kavardine, following black month.
* * * * *
Jewel for the month: Turquoise. Prosperity.
* * * * *
Though now no more the musing ear
Delights to listen to the breeze,
That lingers o'er the green-wood shade,
I love thee, Winter! well.
Sweet are the harmonies of Spring,
Sweet is the Summer's evening gale,
And sweet the autumnal winds that shake
The many-colour'd grove.
And pleasant to the sober'd soul
The silence of the wintry scene,
When Nature shrouds herself, entranced
In deep tranquillity.
_Southey._
* * * * *
December frost and January flood
Never boded husbandman good.
* * * * *
When there are three days cold, expect three days colder.
* * * * *
OF GARDENS.
I do hold it, in the royal ordering of gardens, there ought to be
gardens for all the months in the year, in which, severally, things of
beauty may be then in season.
For December and January, and the latter part of November, you must
take such things as are green all winter, holly, ivy, bays, juniper,
cypress trees, yew, pines, fir trees, rosemary, lavender, periwinkle,
the white, the purple, and the blue; germander, flags, orange trees,
lemon trees, and myrtles, if they be stoved; and sweet marjoram, warm
set.
_Bacon._
* * * * *
If frost do continue, take this for a law,
The strawberries look to be covered with straw,
Laid overly trim upon crotches and bows,
And after uncovered, as weather allows.
The gilliflower also, the skilful do know,
Doth look to be covered in frost and in snow:
The knot and the border, and rosemary gay,
Do crave the like succour, for dying away.
_Tusser._
* * * * *
DECEMBER 5TH. (_St. Nicholas's Eve._)
St. Nicholas, besides being the patron of children, was supposed to
have provided marriage portions for portionless maidens.
Saint Nicholas money used to give to maidens secretlie,
Who, that he still may use his wonted liberalitie,
The mothers all their children on the eve do cause to fast,
And, when they every one at night in senseless sleepe are cast,
Both apples, nuttes, and peares they bring, and other things beside,
As caps, and shooes and petticotes, which secretlie they hide,
And in the morning found, they say, that this Saint Nicholas brought:
Thus tender mindes to worship Saints, and wicked things are taught.
_From "The Popish Kingdom," 1750._
_Barnaby Googe._
St. Nicholas, Archbishop of Myra, patron saint of virgins, boys,
sailors, and the worshipful company of parish clerks of the city of
London.
_Hone._
* * * * *
The drooping year is in the wane,
No longer floats the thistle-down;
The crimson heath is wan and sere;
The sedge hangs withering by the mere,
And the broad fern is rent and brown.
The owl sits huddling by himself,
The cold has pierced his body through;
The patient cattle hang their head;
The deer are 'neath their winter shed;
The ruddy squirrel's in his bed,
And each small thing within its burrow.
_Mary Howitt._
* * * * *
DECEMBER 21ST. (_St. Thomas's Day._)
St. Thomas grey St. Thomas grey,
The longest night and the shortest day.
* * * * *
Look at the weathercock on St. Thomas's Day at twelve o'clock, and
see which way the wind is, and there it will stick for the next three
months.
_Warwickshire._
* * * * *
There is never a Saturday in the year
But what the sun it doth appear.
* * * * *
If birds pipe afore Christmas they'll greet after.
_Scotland._
* * * * *
Mystic mistletoe flaunted,
Such as the Druids cut down with golden hatchets at Yuletide.
_Longfellow._
* * * * *
William Stukeley, Arch Druid (1687-1765), says: "The Druids cut
mistletoe off the trees with their upright hatchets of brass, called
Celts, put upon the ends of their staffs, which they carried in their
hands."
* * * * *
Mistletoe is said to be the forbidden tree in the middle of the trees
of Eden.
* * * * *
If Christmas Day on Monday be,
A great winter that year you'll see.
* * * * *
What chyld on that day boorn be,
Of gret worscheyp schall he be.
_MS. in Bodleian._
* * * * *
If that Christmas Day should fall
Upon Friday, know well all
That winter season shall be easy,
Save great winds aloft shall fly.
* * * * *
Easter in snow, Christmas in mud;
Christmas in snow, Easter in mud.
_Germany._
* * * * *
So now is come our joyful feast;
Let every man be jolly;
Each room with ivy leaves is drest
And every post with holly.
Though some churls at our mirth repine,
Round your foreheads garlands twine;
Drown sorrow in a cup of wine,
And let us all be merry.
_George Wither._
* * * * *
CAROL OF QUEEN ANNE'S TIME, 1695.
Thrice welcome Christmas,
Which makes us good cheer,
Mince pies and plum porridge,
Good ale and strong beer,
With pig, goose and capon,
The best that may be,
So well doth the weather
And our stomachs agree.
Observe how the chimneys
Do smoke all about--
The cooks are providing
For dinner, no doubt!
* * * * *
Kindle the Christmas brand, and then
Till sunrise let it burn;
Which quenched, then lay it up agen
Till Christmas next return.
Part must be kept, wherewith to tend
The Christmas log next year;
And when 'tis safely kept, the fiend
Can do no mischief there.
_Warwickshire._
* * * * *
DECEMBER 26TH. (_St. Stephen's Day._)
Blessed be St. Stephen,
There's no fast upon his even.
_Old saying._
* * * * *
Bishop Hall says: "On St. Stephen's Day blessings are implored upon
pastures."
* * * * *
DECEMBER 28TH. (_Innocents' Day, or Childermas Day._)
According to the monks, it was very unlucky to begin any work on
Childermas Day, and what soever day that falls on, whether on the
Monday, or Tuesday, or any other, nothing must be begun on that day
through the year.
_Henry Bourne, 1725._
* * * * *
Days lengthen a cock's stride each day after Christmas.
* * * * *
Know the best season to laugh and to sing,
Is winter, is summer, is autumn, is spring.
_Old Song._
* * * * *
HAGMAN HEIGH
Old Yorkshire custom for Hag- or Wood-man to go round to ask for money
on New Year's Eve.
* * * * *
NEW YEAR'S EVE.
Hark, the cock crows, and yon bright star
Tells us the day himself's not far;
And see where, breaking from the night,
He gilds the western hills with light.
With him old Janus doth appear,
Peeping into the future year,
With such a look as seems to say,
The prospect is not good that way.
_Charles Cotton._
* * * * *
If New Year's Eve night wind blows south
It betokeneth warmth and growth;
If west, much milk, and fish in the sea;
If north, much cold and storms there will be;
If east, the trees will bear much fruit;
If north-east, flee it man and brute.
* * * * *
The New Year, with its yet unacted history,
Claims the homage of our last departing chime;
Then we hush ourselves in awe before the mystery,
Of the youngest and the freshest birth of Time.
* * * * *
The good old year is with the past;
Oh, be the new as kind!
_Pope._
INDEX
A BLOOM UPON, 102
A CALM JUNE, 68
A CAMOMILE BED, 31
A COLD JANUARY, 10
A DRIPPING JUNE, 68
A DRY MAY, 62
A FAIR DAY, 10
A FOG AND A SMALL MOON, 81
A FROSTY WINTER, 26
A GARDEN MUST BE LOOKED, 97
A HOAR FROST, 21
A JANUARY SPRING, 15
A KINDLY GOOD JANUARY, 16
ALL THE LAND, 57
ALL THE MONTHS, 19
ALL THINGS REJOICED, 94
ALL THROUGH THE SULTRY, 84
A LOVELY MORNING, 56
ALTHOUGH IT RAINS, 43
AMONG THE EAST COAST, 61
AN APRIL FROST, 115
AN EARLY WINTER, 118
ANY INDIVIDUAL, 32
APPLES, PEARES, 116
APPLE-TREE, 12
APRIL AND MAY, 42
APRIL COLD, 43
APRIL PRIDE OF, 44
APRIL! THE HAWTHORN, 49
A RAINBOW, 81
A SATURDAY'S RAINBOW, 79
A SHOWER OF RAIN, 89
AS MANY DAYS, 35
A SNOW YEAR, 10
A SUNSHINY SHOWER, 79
AS YET BUT SINGLE, 44
AT LATTER LAMMAS, 94
AT NEW YEAR'S TIDE, 9
A TUFT OF EVENING PRIMROSES, 86
A WET GOOD FRIDAY, 38
A WET JUNE, 84
A WET SUNDAY, 118
A WINDY MAY, 59
A YEAR OF SNOW, 11
BARNABY BRIGHT, 73
BEASTS DO TAKE COMFORT, 79
BEEF AND BACON, 20
BELOW THE HILL, 70
BESIDE THE GARDEN PATH, 26
BISHOP HALL, 128
BLANK EARTH-BALDNESS, 27
BLESSED BE ST. STEPHEN, 128
BLOSSOM OF THE ALMOND, 48
BLUE FLAGS, 86
BY FRAGRANT GALES, 71
CANDLEMAS SHINED, 18
CATHERINE AND CLEMENT, 120
CHILDERMAS DAY, 128
CLOUDS WITHOUT RAIN, 81
COME AWAY, 68
COME BUY, 90
COME GATHER, 26
COME LISTEN, 54
COME OUT OF DOORS, 56
COO-PI-COO, 64
COWS AND SHEEP, 77
CUCKOO, 42
CUT THISTLES IN MAY, 60
DARK WINTER IS WANING, 57
DAYS LENGTHEN, 128
DECAY, DECAY, 114
DECEMBER FROST, 122
DESCEND SWEET APRIL, 39
DID HE DO IT?, 22
DRY AUGUST, 97
EASTER IN SNOW, 126
FAIRE WAS THE DAWN, 88
FAIR RISING, 17
FEBRUARY FILL THE DITCH, 19
FIR CONES, 77
FIRST CUCKOO DAY, 40
FIRST SWALLOW DAY, 42
FLED ARE THE FROSTS, 46
FLOWERY MAY, 55
FOR MARCH, 25
FOR MORNING RAIN, 96
FOR THE LATTER PART, 15
FRESH HERRING, 107
FRIDAY'S A DAY, 97
FROM TWELVE TO TWO, 120
FROM WHATEVER QUARTER, 35
FULL MOON IN OCTOBER, 114
GEESE NOW, 108
GERVASE OF TILBURY, 32
GO AND LOOK AT OATS, 59
GOLDEN BILL, 45
GOOD GARDENER MINE, 15
GOOD HUSWIVES, 98
HAGMAN HEIGH, 129
HAIL BEAUTEOUS STRANGER, 41
HAIL ONCE AGAIN, 33
HAPPY BRITANNIA!, 99
HARK! THE COCK CROWS, 129
HARK! THE HOURS, 44
HAWTHORN BLOOM, 62
HE COMES, HE COMES!, 42
HERE'S A HEALTH, 101
HERE'S A PENNY-ROYAL, 62
HERE THE ROSEBUDS, 70
HE THAT WOULD LIVE, 62
HE THAT FREELY LOPS, 25
HOAR FROST AND GIPSIES, 114
HUSH! HUSH!, 57
I DO HOLD IT, 122
I DO NOT WANT CHANGE, 92
I EARLY ROSE, 19
IF APPLES BLOOM, 35
IF BEES STAY AT HOME, 78
IF BIRDS PIPE, 125
IF CANDLEMAS DAY, 18
IF CHRISTMAS DAY, 126
IF FEBRUARY, 22
IF FROSTS DO CONTINUE, 122
IF IT DOES NOT FREEZE, 27
IF IT IS COLD, 118
IF IT RAINETH, 67
IF IT THUNDERS, 37
IF JANIVEER CALENDS, 9
IF MARTINMAS, 118
IF MICHAELMAS DAY, 107
IF MIST'S IN THE NEW MOON, 81
IF NEW YEAR'S EVE, 129
IF NIGHTS THREE, 78
IF ON FRIDAY, 120
IF ST. BARTHOLOMEW, 98
IF ST. PAUL'S DAY, 14
IF SATURDAY'S MOON, 82
IF THAT CHRISTMAS, 126
IF THE DOWN, 75
IF THE FIRST OF JULY, 85
IF THE GRASS GROW, 10
IF THE ROBIN, 16
IF THE SAGE TREE, 96
IF THE WOODCOCK, 100
IF YOU EAT, 108
IF YOU SCARE, 65
IF YOU SWEEP, 56
I MET QUEEN SPRING, 44
IN APRIL, 47
IN AUGUST, 95
IN FORMER TIMES, 41
IN JULY, 86
IN MARCH AND IN APRIL, 28
IN MARCH IS GOOD GRAFFING, 27
IN MAY AND JUNE, 55
IN MY NOSTRILS, 85
IN OCTOBER AND BEGINNING, 111
IN OXFORDSHIRE, 22
IN SEPTEMBER, 102
I SOMETIMES THINK, 85
IN SPRING, 36
IN THE MORNING, 32
IN THE SARUM, 107
IN THE SOUTH, 11
IN WILD MOOR, 39
IT IS AFFIRMED, 13
IT IS ALWAYS, 96
IT IS UNLUCKY, 53
JANUARY THE FOURTEENTH, 12
JULY, TO WHOM, 92
KINDLE THE CHRISTMAS, 127
KNICK, KNOCK, 20
KNOW THE BEST SEASON, 128
LADY OF THE SPRINGE, 48
LAZY CATTLE, 63
LEAVE CROPPING FROM MAY, 53
LOAF-MASS DAY, 94
LOOK AT THE WEATHERCOCK, 125
LO, THE YOUNG MONTH, 52
LOVE ON A DAY, 40
MAARYES TAAILES, 80
MANY HAWS, 103
MARCH DOES FROM APRIL GAIN, 31
MARCH IN JANIVEER, 11
MARCH SEARCH, 31
MARCH WIND, 31
MAY'S WARM, 61
MAY, THOU MONTH, 65
MISTLETOE IS SAID, 125
MOAN, OH YE AUTUMN, 112
MOONWORT, 64
MOUSE EAR, 87
MY ONE MAN, 75
MYSTIC MISTLETOE, 125
NEVER A FISHERMAN, 96
NIPCAKE, NIPCAKE, 95
NO SUMMER FLOWER, 30
NOTHING STIRS, 106
NO TEMPEST, 90
NO WEATHER IS ILL, 84
NOT REND-OFF, 89
NOW SET FOR THY POT, 22
NOW THE GLORIES, 86
NOW YELLOW HARVESTS, 97
OCTOBER BRINGS THE COLD, 114
OCTOBER'S GOLD, 111
OH! COME QUICKLY, 66
OH! FAINT DELICIOUS, 38
OH! GOLDEN, GOLDEN, 92
OH! THE ROSY MONTH, 69
OH! WHAT A DAWN, 29
OH! WHAT A MAY DAY, 58
OH! WINTER, 16
OH! LOVE-STAR, 28
OLD MAY DAY, 58
OLD YORKSHIRE CUSTOM, 12
ON ALL SAINT'S DAY, 116
ONE FOR THE MOUSE, 21
ONE MONTH IS PAST, 17
ONION SKIN, 103
ON ONE SIDE IS A FIELD, 98
ON ST. ANDREW'S, 120
ON SHROVE TUESDAY, 20
ON THE FIRST OF MARCH, 24
ON THURSDAY AT THREE, 96
ON TWELVE-EVE, 11
OUR VERNAL SIGNS, 34
OVER THE MEADOW, 67
PALE MOON, 32
PANSIES! PANSIES, 69
PARSLEY SOWN, 38
PIMPERNEL, 79
PLANT YOUR 'TATURS, 43
PLUCK BROOM, 15
PONDWEED SINKS, 77
PUT IN THE SICKLE, 97
RAINBOW TO WINDWARD, 80
REMEMBER IN ST. VINCENT'S, 13
ST. BARNABAS, 73
ST. FRANCIS, 109
ST. MATTHEW, 104
ST. NICHOLAS, ARCHBISHOP, 124
ST. NICHOLAS, 123
ST. ROCHE, 98
ST. SWITHUN IS CHRISTENING, 89
ST. SWITHUN'S DAY, 89
ST. THOMAS, 124
SATURDAY CHANGE, 81
SATURDAY'S MOON, 81
SEA-GULL, 78
SEPTEMBER BLOW SOFT, 102
SEPTEMBER DRIES, 102
SEPTEMBER THE FIFTEENTH, 103
SET GARLIKE, 103
SET STRAWBERRIES, 119
SHIVERING, QUIVERING, 112
SLEEP WITH YOUR HEAD, 36
SO NOW IS COME, 126
SOON WILL HIGH, 75
SOW PEASON, 21
SPRING IS HERE, 34
SPRING IS STRONG, 39
SPRING'S AN EXPANSIVE, 27
SPRING WAS O'ER HAPPY, 102
SUMMER IN THE PENNILESS, 88
SUMMER IS GONE, 105
SUMMER IS NEAR, 55
SUMMER IS PURPLE, 97
SUNSET IN A CLEAR, 31
SWEET APRIL, 51
SWEET IS THE ROSE, 87
SWELLING DOWNS, 87
THAT MELLOW SEASON, 104
THE AUGUST GOLD, 94
THE BADGER PEEPS, 18
THE BALLAD SINGERS, 50
THE BARBERRY, 103
THE BLACKEST MONTH, 10
THE BROOM, 68
THE DIM DROOP, 19
THE DROOPING YEAR, 124
THE EMPTY PASTURES, 10
THE FAIR MAID, 52
THE FEATHERS OF THE WILLOW, 105
THE FIRST MONDAY, 37
THE FIRST SUNDAY, 43
THE FIRST THUNDER, 37
THE FLOWER BEDS, 69
THE FLUSH OF THE LANDSCAPE, 105
THE GOOD OLD YEAR, 130
THE GROUND IS CLEAR, 100
THE HOLLOW WINDS, 75
THE HOUSEKEEPER, 21
THE IGNORANT, 73
THE IRISH, 52
THEIR LOVELINESS, 117
THE LARK, 50
THE LAST YEAR'S LEAF, 53
THE LEEKE IS WHITE, 24
THE LINNET, 61
THE MELANCHOLY DAYS, 119
THE MICHAELMAS MOON, 108
THE MOON AND THE WEATHER, 82
THE MOON IN THE WANE, 108
THE NEARER TO TWELVE, 82
THE NEW YEAR, 130
THE NIGHTINGALE, 89
THE OAK BEFORE THE ASH, 59
THE PASTORAL COWSLIPS, 83
THE PIGEON NEVER, 64
THE PRETTY LARK, 22
THE RIPPLING SMILE, 43
THE SIXTH MONTH, 70
THE SOFTEST TURF, 29
THE STARLINGS ARE COME, 62
THE SUN HAS LONG, 83
THE SWEET WEST WIND, 71
THE WIND OF THE SOUTH, 9
THE YEAR'S ON THE WANE, 119
THEN DOTH THE JOYFUL, 74
THERE ARE ALWAYS, 114
THERE ARE TWELVE, 54
THERE IS AN OLD PROVERB, 19
THERE IS AN OLD, 41
THERE IS A RAPTUROUS, 49
THERE IS A SAYING, 36
THERE IS A TRADITION, 34
THERE IS NEVER A SATURDAY, 125
THERE IS STRANGE MUSIC, 110
THERE NEVER WAS, 117
THEY WHO BATHE IN MAY, 54
THORNY BALLS, 117
THOUGH NOW NO MORE, 121
THOU WILT REMEMBER, 35
THREE ICEMEN, 58
THRICE WELCOME CHRISTMAS, 127
THROUGH ALL THE SAD, 10
THUNDER IN SPRING, 31
TILL ST. JAMES'S, 92
TO SMELL WILD THYME, 97
TOSSING HIS MANE, 25
TO TALK OF THE WEATHER, 80
TRAMPING AFTER GROUSE, 101
'TWAS MIDSUMMER, 74
'TWAS ONE OF THE CHARMED, 72
'TWEEN MARTINMAS, 118
TWELFTH DAY, 12
TWIGHEE, TWIGHEE, 51
UNDER THE FURZE, 30
UNDER WATER, 11
UPON ST. DAVID'S DAY, 24
USE MAKETH MAISTRY, 41
WARWICKSHIRE COUNTRYMEN, 10
WEARY THE CLOUD, 118
WE HAVE PLOUGHED, 101
WELCOME, O MARCH, 25
WHAT AFFECTIONS, 38
WHAT CHILD, 126
WHAT WONDROUS LIFE, 106
WHEAT SWAYS HEAVY, 95
WHEN A COCK DRINKS, 78
WHEN A DAFFODIL, 32
WHEN AFTER A ROUGH, 23
WHEN A MOORLAND, 23
WHEN AUTUMN SAD, 110
WHEN CLAMOUR, 65
WHEN COUNTRY ROADS, 29
WHEN IN SPRING, 47
WHEN MACK'REL, 73
WHEN ON THE PURIFICATION, 18
WHEN OUR LORD, 34
WHEN OXEN, 79
WHEN PASSING O'ER, 60
WHEN RAIN CAUSES BUBBLES, 79
WHEN SEPTEMBER, 103
WHEN SHEEP BEGIN, 78
WHEN SHEEP DO HUDDLE, 80
WHEN THE CLOUDS, 77
WHEN THE CORN, 59
WHEN THE DIMPLED, 63
WHEN THE FALLING, 104
WHEN THE MOON, 82
WHEN THE NEW MOON, 81
WHEN THE SLOE TREE, 44
WHEN THE TENANTS, 107
WHEN THE WHITE PINKS, 67
WHEN THE WIND BLOWS, 33
WHEN THE WIND'S IN THE EAST, 18
WHEN THE WIND'S IN THE SOUTH, 84
WHEN THE WIND VEERS, 80
WHEN THERE ARE MANY, 43
WHEN THERE ARE THREE, 122
WHEN WINTRY WEATHER, 30
WHERE THE COPSE, 88
WHERE THE WIND IS, 33
WHERE WOODBINES, 72
WHILE WORMWOOD, 90
WHO EATS OYSTERS, 95
WHOEVER IS ILL, 53
WHO KNOWS WHAT, 113
WHO SETS AN APPLE, 117
WHO SHEARS HIS SHEEP, 59
WHO SOWETH IN RAIN, 110
WHY VALENTINE, 19
WILD WITH THE WINDS, 103
WILL YOU BUY, 91
WINTER IS SO, 47
WINTER'S THUNDER, 13
WINTER'S WHITE SHROUD, 13
WINTER TIME, 11
YACK-BOB DAY, 65
YELLOW, MELLOW, 112
YE WHO HAVE FELT, 46
YOUNG AND OLD, 118
TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES
-Obvious print and punctuation errors fixed.
-A Table of Contents was not in the original work; one has been
produced and added by Transcriber.