Rest on the Sabbath. Visit to the Pasha’s summer residence at Shubra.
Exceeding beauty of the ground. Lake, and sports of the Pasha.
Pic-nic in one of the Kiosks. Pear tree from the Pasha’s place of
nativity. Brief history of Mohammed Ali. Departure from Cairo. Regret
at parting with Mr. Gliddon.
Sunday, 27th, was a day of rest, which our previous severe exercise
made unusually refreshing. In the afternoon Gen. Seguira and family,
Mr. Taylor, an English gentleman, and his lady, and the French consul,
called to pay their respects to the Commodore and family.
The next morning our baggage was again transferred to the boats, which
were sent down the river with orders to wait for us at the palace of
Shubra; and towards noon, mounting our gallant steeds for the last
time, we wheeled out into the avenue leading to that magnificent summer
residence of the Pasha. Our company was augmented by Mrs. Seguira, her
two daughters and son, who had accepted an invitation to a pic-nic, by
which the day, and with it, our visit to Cairo, was to be concluded.
The members of this family all speak English fluently, and we found
them a delightful acquisition to our party.
The gardens at Shubra are under the care of a native horticulturist,
who had been sent by the Pasha to France, and had spent six years on
an experimental farm near Marseilles. He received us politely at the
gate, and ushering us in, we found ourselves in a scene more like the
creation of a wild and luxurious fancy, revelling in joyous freedom
and without restraint, than a thing of real life. The first walk into
which we turned was lined thickly on either side with oleanders in
full bloom, mingled with roses and jessamine; they grew to the height
of ten or twelve feet, and bending over the path, suspended over us a
canopy of flowers, from which the richest odors were distilled. The
vista was terminated by some striking and beautiful object, which I
do not recollect, for the mind was too intoxicated to make careful
observations, and I desired to look and drink in the rich pleasure
rather than to note. The grounds, we were informed, contain one hundred
and fifty acres; we rambled over a portion of them, and found every
where something to admire. By and by our course was arrested by a lake
embowered amid lofty and spreading trees; it is of a quadrangular form,
and is surrounded by an arcade of marble, at each angle of which is
a kiosk or summer-house richly furnished. In the middle of each of
the four sides is a portico, formed of Italian marbles; and here, as
well as in the kiosks, are marble figures spouting out water, which is
carried around in marble troughs, and made to descend by cascades into
the lake. In the centre is an island with a marble edifice, to which is
an ascent by a flight of steps of the same material. It is apparently
supported by four crocodiles in marble, also spouting water. The water
is about four feet in depth, and is also paved below with marble. This
is a favorite resort of the Pasha, and we saw a boat in which it is
said he sometimes carries out his wives; when well off from the shore,
he upsets the boat, and amuses himself with seeing them flounder in
the water. At the time of our visit the place was undergoing some
improvements.
There is also a menagerie in the gardens, but the most valuable animals
had just been given away, and at this time it did not contain any thing
very remarkable. The palace itself, into which we were admitted, and
where we were shown over the ladies’ apartments, is richly furnished,
but not equal to the one in the citadel.
After rambling about till our curiosity was satisfied, we retired to a
large kiosk, whose soft ottomans invited to repose; and our hampers of
claret and champagne having been brought in, the corks were made to fly
in the very penetralia of the Moslem Pasha; nor were his officers loth
to pledge their impudent guests. To our feast the superintendent of the
grounds added an abundance of choice fruit from the gardens. The Misses
Seguiras had brought their guitars, and music was also made to lend its
charms; they sing sweetly, and accompanied the instruments in some of
the airs of their distant father-land.
This name of father-land reminds us of a tree which we passed at the
early part of our saunterings through this garden. We had come to a
spot where a covered walk, bordered by flowers, suddenly expands into
a little open area, paved with pebbles from Rhodes, which, being of
different colors, are arranged so as to form a tasteful mosaic work. In
the centre is a kind of canopied throne, and the whole spot bears the
marks of unusual attention. The superintendent directed our attention
to a pear tree growing at one side of the opening; it was slender,
but healthful looking, and bearing fruit. “That tree,” he said, “was
brought by his excellency the Pasha from his native town, and was
planted here by his own hand, and he seems to take particular care in
nourishing it.”
The fact discloses to us a vein of sentiment in that extraordinary man
which we should scarcely have expected to exist. He is said, however,
to be very kind in his domestic relations. His eldest children have
all been carried off by disease, or (as in the case of Youssoun) by
violence; those still living, three in number, are quite young, and he
often amuses himself in playing with them in this garden.
Mohammed Ali is a native of Cavalla, a small town in Albanie, and
owes his present exalted station entirely to his own intrepidity. He
began his public career as a subordinate collector of taxes in his
native district; and, on one occasion, having distinguished himself in
putting down some refractory inhabitants who had refused to pay their
part of the contributions, was rewarded by the governor of the place
with a rich wife and the rank of Boulouk Bashi. Soon after this he
became a dealer in tobacco, without however forgetting his profession
of arms; he was successful in trade, but in a short time the invasion
of Egypt by the French, called his talents into a higher sphere of
operation. He was raised to the rank of Bimbashi or captain, and sent
to Egypt with 300 men, the quota of soldiers furnished by Cavalla on
this occasion. His bravery in this country soon drew the attention of
his superior officers, and led to his advancement to higher rank; and
at length, after the massacre of the Mamelukes by the Turkish admiral
at Aboukir, as already noticed, Mohammed Ali was placed in command of
one division of the forces destined to march against the remainder in
Upper Egypt, and effect their extermination. The Mamelukes, however,
fought with desperation, and their enemies were defeated; and Yousef
Bey, who had the supreme command in this expedition, in order to shield
himself from trouble, charged Mohammed Ali with treachery. The latter
was near losing his head; but he managed affairs with skill, and
gained a kingdom. The army had been badly paid, and was disaffected
towards their rulers; he had ingratiated himself with the soldiers,
and seizing the occasion, he first rid himself of the Turkish viceroy,
and then of the leading Mameluke Beys, and soon after was entreated by
the army to save Egypt from destruction by becoming himself the chief
representative of the Porte. He yielded of course, and the Sultan
being compelled to yield also, appointed him, though sorely against his
will, the Viceroy of Egypt. I have related the manner in which he soon
after exterminated the Mamelukes, and the reader is himself aware how
he has since made himself, in effect, entirely independent of the Porte.
Our friends were compelled to leave us in time to get back to the city
before sunset, when the gates are closed; and bidding them a reluctant
farewell, we ourselves moved down to the river, and took once more
possession of our boats, which were there awaiting us. Mr. Gliddon, we
found, had lent his own comfortable boat for the use of the Commodore
and his family.
So adieu to Cairo! Our attendants had been rewarded with “beckshishes,”
or presents, in return for their own services, and for the use of the
horses; the Cavasses and Chaouishes had been paid; the city, I believe,
was at peace with us, and we had received much pleasure in it; and
now, stepping from the gardens into our boats, we began to drop down
the stream, Mr. Gliddon and Mr. Trail were kind enough to accompany us
as far as the Barage, where we came to for the night, and where, in
the morning, they went with us to examine this stupendous undertaking.
To both of these gentlemen we owe many thanks, and to the former in
particular, though far off, we all bear grateful hearts. “Two weeks’
residence in the same house,” (I take the liberty of copying from the
Commodore’s private journal,) “and constant communication, with his
amenity of manners, and his devotion to our comforts, and to render
our visit pleasant, had greatly attached all to him; he planned our
excursions, and took the trouble to provide the means to enable us to
effect them; and to him we are indebted for having obtained views of
every thing in and about Cairo worthy of attention. We shall never
forget the very happy time we passed at Cairo under his hospitable
roof. It was therefore with the deepest regret that we bid him adieu,
and saw him leap to the shore, amid three hearty cheers from us all.
May he prosper in all his undertakings, and be happy!”