A CLOSING-IN
Ralph kept his resolution to pretend to try and save Sir Thomas More,
and salved his own conscience by protesting to Beatrice that his efforts
were bound to fail, and that he had no influence such as she imagined.
He did certainly more than once remark to Cromwell that Sir Thomas was a
pleasant and learned man, and had treated him kindly, and once had gone
so far as to say that he did not see that any good would be served by
his death; but he had been sharply rebuked, and told to mind his own
business; then, softening, Cromwell had explained that there was no
question of death for the present; but that More’s persistent refusal to
yield to the pressure of events was a standing peril to the King’s
policy.
This policy had now shaped itself more clearly. In the autumn of ’34 the
bill for the King’s supremacy over the Church of England began to take
form; and Ralph had several sights of the documents as all business of
this kind now flowed through Cromwell’s hands, and he was filled with
admiration and at the same time with perplexity at the adroitness of the
wording. It was very short, and affected to assume rather than to enact
its object.
“Albeit the King’s Majesty justly and rightfully is and ought to be,” it
began, “the supreme head of the Church of England, and so is recognised
by the clergy of this realm in their Convocations, yet, nevertheless,
for corroboration and confirmation thereof ... and to repress and extirp
all errors, heresies and other enormities ... be it enacted by authority
of this present Parliament that the King our sovereign lord ... shall be
taken, accepted, and reputed the only supreme head in earth of the
Church of England, called _Anglicans Ecclesia_.” The bill then proceeded
to confer on him a plenitude of authority over both temporal and
spiritual causes.
There was here considerable skill in the manner of its drawing up, which
it owed chiefly to Cromwell; for it professed only to re-state a matter
that had slipped out of notice, and appealed to the authority of
Convocation which had, truly, under Warham allowed a resolution to the
same effect, though qualified by the clause, “as far as God’s law
permits,” to pass in silence.
Ralph was puzzled by it: he was led to believe that it could contain no
very radical change from the old belief, since the clergy had in a sense
already submitted to it; and, on the other hand, the word “the only
supreme head in earth” seemed not only to assert the Crown’s civil
authority over the temporalities of the Church, but to exclude
definitely all jurisdiction on the part of the Pope.
“It is the assertion of a principle,” Cromwell said to him when he asked
one day for an explanation; “a principle that has always been held in
England; it is not intended to be precise or detailed: that will follow
later.”
Ralph was no theologian, and did not greatly care what the bill did or
did not involve. He was, too, in that temper of inchoate agnosticism
that was sweeping England at the time, and any scruples that he had in
his more superstitious moments were lulled by the knowledge that the
clergy had acquiesced. What appeared more important to him than any
hair-splittings on the exact provinces of the various authorities in
question, was the necessity of some step towards the crippling of the
spiritual empire whose hands were so heavy, and whose demands so
imperious. He felt, as an Englishman, resentful of the leading strings
in which, so it seemed to him, Rome wished to fetter his country.
The bill passed through parliament on November the eighteenth.
* * * * *
Ralph lost no opportunity of impressing upon Beatrice how much he had
risked for the sake of her friend in the Tower, and drew very moving
sketches of his own peril.
The two were sitting together in the hall at Chelsea one winters evening
soon after Christmas. The high panelling was relieved by lines of
greenery, with red berries here and there; a bunch of mistletoe leaned
forward over the sloping mantelpiece, and there was an acrid smell of
holly and laurel in the air. It was a little piteous, Ralph thought,
under the circumstances.
Another stage had been passed in More’s journey towards death, in the
previous month, when he had been attainted of misprision of treason by
an act designed to make good the illegality of his former conviction,
and the end was beginning to loom clear.
“I said it would be no use, Mistress Beatrice, and it is none--Master
Cromwell will not hear a word.”
Beatrice looked up at Ralph, and down again, as her manner was. Her
hands were lying on her lap perfectly still as she sat upright in her
tall chair.
“You have done what you could, I know,” she said, softly.
“Master Cromwell did not take it very well,” went on Ralph with an
appearance of resolute composure, “but that was to be expected.”
Again she looked up, and Ralph once more was seized with the desire to
precipitate matters and tell her what was in his heart, but he repressed
it, knowing it was useless to speak yet.
It was a very stately and slow wooing, like the movement of a minuet;
each postured to each, not from any insincerity, except perhaps a little
now and then on Ralph’s side, but because for both it was a natural mode
of self-expression. It was an age of dignity abruptly broken here and
there by violence. There were slow and gorgeous pageants followed by
brutal and bestial scenes, like the life of a peacock who paces
composedly in the sun and then scuttles and screams in the evening. But
with these two at present there was no occasion for abruptness, and
Ralph, at any rate, contemplated with complacency his own graciousness
and grandeur, and the skilfully posed tableaux in which he took such a
sedate part.
As the spring drew on and the crocuses began to star the grass along the
river and the sun to wheel wider and wider, the chill and the darkness
began to fall more heavily on the household at Chelsea. They were
growing very poor by now; most of Sir Thomas’s possessions elsewhere had
been confiscated by the King, though by his clemency Chelsea was still
left to Mrs. Alice for the present; and one by one the precious things
began to disappear from the house as they were sold to obtain
necessaries. All the private fortune of Mrs. More had gone by the end of
the winter, and her son still owed great sums to the Government on
behalf of his father.
At the beginning of May she told Ralph that she was making another
appeal to Cromwell for help, and begged him to forward her petition.
“My silks are all gone,” she said, “and the little gold chain and cross
that you may remember, Mr. Torridon, went last month, too--I cannot tell
what we shall do. Mr. More is so obstinate”--and her eyes filled with
tears--“and we have to pay fifteen shillings every week for him and John
a’ Wood.”
She looked so helpless and feeble as she sat in the window seat,
stripped now of its tapestry cushions, with the roofs of the New
Building rising among its trees at the back, where her husband had
walked a year ago with such delight, that Ralph felt a touch of
compunction, and promised to do his best.
He said a word to Cromwell that evening as he supped with him at
Hackney, and his master looked at him curiously, sitting forward in the
carved chair he had had from Wolsey, in his satin gown, twisting the
stem of his German glass in his ringed fingers.
“And what do you wish me to do, sir?” he asked Ralph with a kind of
pungent irony.
Ralph explained that he scarcely knew himself; perhaps a word to his
Grace--
“I will tell you what it is, Mr. Torridon,” broke in his master, “you
have made another mistake. I did not intend you to be their friend, but
to seem so.”
“I can scarcely seem so,” said Ralph quietly, but with a certain
indignation at his heart, “unless I do them little favours sometimes.”
“You need not seem so any longer,” said Cromwell drily, “the time is
past.”
And he set his glass down and sat back.
Yet Ralph’s respect and admiration for his master became no less. He had
the attractiveness of extreme and unscrupulous capability. It gave Ralph
the same joy to watch him as he found in looking on at an expert fencer;
he was so adroit and strong and ready; mighty and patient in defence,
watchful for opportunities of attack and merciless when they came. His
admirers scarcely gave a thought to the piteousness of the adversary;
they were absorbed in the scheme and proud to be included in it; and men
of heart and sensibility were as hard as their master when they carried
out his plans.
* * * * *
The fate of the Carthusians would have touched Ralph if he had been a
mere onlooker, as it touched so many others, but he had to play his part
in the tragedy, and was astonished at the quick perceptions of Cromwell
and his determined brutality towards these peaceful contemplatives whom
he recognised as a danger-centre against the King’s policy.
He was present first in Cromwell’s house when the three Carthusian
priors of Beauvale, Axholme and London called upon him of their own
accord to put their questions on the meaning of the King’s supremacy:
but their first question, as to how was it possible for a layman to hold
the keys of the kingdom of heaven was enough, and without any further
evidence they were sent to the Tower.
Then, again, he was present in the Court of the Rolls a few days later
when Dom Laurence, of Beauvale, and Dom Webster, of Axholme, were
examined once more. There were seven or eight others present, laymen and
ecclesiastics, and the priors were once more sent back to the Tower.
And so examination after examination went on, and no answer could be got
out of the monks, but that they could never reconcile it with their
conscience to accept the King to be what the Act of Supremacy declared
that he was.
Ralph’s curiosity took him down to the Charterhouse one day shortly
before the execution of the priors; he had with him an order from
Cromwell that carried him everywhere he wished to go; but he did not
penetrate too deeply. He was astonished at the impression that the place
made on him.
As he passed up the Great Cloister there was no sound but from a bird or
two singing in the afternoon sunlight of the garth; each cell-door, with
its hatch for the passage of food, was closed and silent; and Ralph felt
a curious quickening of his heart as he thought of the human life passed
in the little houses, each with its tiny garden, its workshop, its two
rooms, and its paved ambulatory, in which each solitary lived. How
strangely apart this place was from the buzz of business from which he
had come! And yet he knew very well that the whole was as good as
condemned already.
He wondered to himself how they had taken the news of the tragedy that
was beginning--those white, demure men with shaved heads and faces, and
downcast eyes. He reflected what the effect of that news must be; as it
penetrated each day, like a stone dropped softly into a pool, leaving no
ripple. There, behind each brown door, he fancied to himself, a strange
alchemy was proceeding, in which each new terror and threat from outside
was received into the crucible of a beating heart and transmuted by
prayer and welcome into some wonderful jewel of glory--at least so these
poor men believed; and Ralph indignantly told himself it was nonsense;
they were idlers and dreamers. He reminded himself of a sneer he had
heard against the barrels of Spanish wine that were taken in week by
week at the monastery door; if these men ate no flesh too, at least they
had excellent omelettes.
But as he passed at last through the lay-brothers’ choir and stood
looking through the gates of the Fathers’ choir up to the rich altar
with its hangings and its posts on either side crowned with gilded
angels bearing candles, to the splendid window overhead, against which,
as in a glory, hung the motionless silk-draped pyx, the awe fell on him
again.
This was the place where they met, these strange, silent men; every
panel and stone was saturated with the prayers of experts, offered three
times a day--in the night-office of two or three hours when the world
was asleep; at the chapter-mass; and at Vespers in the afternoon.
His heart again stirred a little, superstitiously he angrily told
himself, at the memory of the stories that were whispered about in town.
Two years ago, men said, a comet had been seen shining over the house.
As the monks went back from matins, each with his lantern in his hand,
along the dark cloister, a ray had shot out from the comet, had glowed
upon the church and bell-tower, and died again into darkness. Again, a
little later, two monks, one in his cell-garden and the other in the
cemetery, had seen a blood-red globe, high and menacing, hanging in the
air over the house.
Lastly, at Pentecost, at the mass of the Holy Ghost, offered at the end
of a triduum with the intention of winning grace to meet any sacrifice
that might be demanded, not one nor two, but the whole community,
including the lay-brothers outside the Fathers’ Choir, had perceived a
soft whisper of music of inexpressible sweetness that came and went
overhead at the Elevation. The celebrant bowed forward in silence over
the altar, unable to continue the mass, the monks remained petrified
with joy and awe in their stalls.
Ralph stared once more at the altar as he remembered this tale; at the
row of stalls on either side, the dark roof overhead, the glowing glass
on either side and in front--and asked himself whether it was true,
whether God had spoken, whether a chink of the heavenly gate had been
opened here to let the music escape.
It was not true, he told himself; it was the dream of a man mad with
sleeplessness, foolish with fasting and discipline and vigils: one had
dreamed it and babbled of it to the rest and none had liked to be less
spiritual or perceptive of divine manifestations.
A brown figure was by the altar now to light the candles for Vespers; a
taper was in his hand, and the spot of light at the end moved like a
star against the gilding and carving. Ralph turned and went out.
Then on the fourth of May he was present at the execution of the three
priors and the two other priests at Tyburn. There was an immense crowd
there, nearly the whole Court being present; and it was reported here
and there afterwards that the King himself was there in a group of five
horsemen, who came in the accoutrements of Borderers, vizored and armed,
and took up their position close to the scaffold. There fell a terrible
silence as the monks were dragged up on the hurdles, in their habits,
all three together behind one horse. They were cut down almost at once,
and the butchery was performed on them while they were still alive.
Ralph went home in a glow of resolution against them. A tragedy such as
that which he had seen was of necessity a violent motive one way or the
other, and it found him determined that the sufferers were in the wrong,
and left him confirmed in his determination. Their very passivity
enraged him.
Meanwhile, he had of course heard nothing of his brother’s presence in
London, and it was with something of a shock that on the next afternoon
he heard the news from Mr. Morris that Mr. Christopher was below and
waiting for him in the parlour.
As he went down he wondered what Chris was doing in London, and what he
himself could say to him. He was expecting Beatrice, too, to call upon
him presently with her maid to give him a message and a bundle of
letters which he had promised to convey to Sir Thomas More. But he was
determined to be kind to his brother.
Chris was standing in his black monk’s habit on the other side of the
walnut table, beside the fire-place, and made no movement as Ralph came
forward smiling and composed. His face was thinner than his brother
remembered it, clean-shaven now, with hollows in the cheeks, and his
eyes were strangely light.
“Why, Chris!” said Ralph, and stopped, astonished at the other’s
motionlessness.
Then Chris came round the table with a couple of swift steps, his hands
raised a little from the wide, drooping sleeves.
“Ah! brother,” he said, “I have come to bring you away: this is a wicked
place.”
Ralph was so amazed that he fell back a step.
“Are you mad?” he said coldly enough, but he felt a twitch of
superstitious fear at his heart.
Chris seized the rich silk sleeve in both his hands, and Ralph felt them
trembling and nervous.
“You must come away,” he said, “for Jesu’s sake, brother! You must not
lose your soul.”
Ralph felt the old contempt surge up and drown his fear. The familiarity
of his brother’s presence weighed down the religious suggestion of his
habit and office. This is what he had feared and almost expected;--that
the cloister would make a fanatic of this fantastic brother of his.
He glanced round at the door that he had left open, but the house was
silent. Then he turned again.
“Sit down, Chris,” he said, with a strong effort at self-command, and he
pulled his sleeve away, went back and shut the door, and then came
forward past where his brother was standing, to the chair that stood
with its back to the window.
“You must not be fond and wild,” he said decidedly. “Sit down, Chris.”
The monk came past him to the other side of the hearth, and faced him
again, but did not sit down. He remained standing by the fire-place,
looking down at Ralph, who was in his chair with crossed legs.
“What is this folly?” said Ralph again.
Chris stared down at him a moment in silence.
“Why, why--” he began, and ceased.
Ralph felt himself the master of the situation, and determined to be
paternal.
“My dear lad,” he said, “you have dreamed yourself mad at Lewes. When
did you come to London?”
“Yesterday,” said Chris, still with that strange stare.
“Why, then--” began Ralph.
“Yes--you think I was too late, but I saw it,” said Chris; “I was there
in the evening and saw it all again.”
All his nervous tension seemed relaxed by the warm common-sense
atmosphere of this trim little room, and his brother’s composure. His
lips were beginning to tremble, and he half turned and gripped the
mantel-shelf with his right hand. Ralph noticed with a kind of
contemptuous pity how the heavy girded folds of the frock seemed to
contain nothing, and that the wrist from which the sleeve had fallen
back was slender as a reed. Ralph felt himself so infinitely his
brother’s superior that he could afford to be generous and kindly.
“Dear Chris,” he said, smiling, “you look starved and miserable. Shall I
tell Morris to bring you something? I thought you monks fared better
than that.”
In a moment Chris was on his knees on the rushes; his hands gripped his
brother’s arms, and his wild eyes were staring up with a fanatical fire
of entreaty in them. His words broke out like a torrent.
“Ralph,” he said, “dear brother! for Jesu’s sake, come away! I have
heard everything. I know that these streets are red with blood, and that
your hands have been dipped in it. You must not lose your soul. I know
everything; you must come away. For Jesu’s sake!”
Ralph tore himself free and stood up, pushing back his chair.
“Godbody!” he said, “I have a fool for a brother. Stand up, sir. I will
have no mumming in my house.”
He rapped his foot fiercely on the floor, staring down at Chris who had
thrown himself back on his heels.
“Stand up, sir,” he said again.
“Will you hear me, brother?”
Ralph hesitated.
“I will hear you if you will talk reason. I think you are mad.”
Chris got up again. He was trembling violently, and his hands twitched
and clenched by his sides.
“Then you shall hear me,” he said, and his voice shook as he spoke. “It
is this--”
“You must sit down,” interrupted Ralph, and he pointed to the chair
behind.
Chris went to it and sat down. Ralph took a step across to the door and
opened it.
“Morris,” he called, and came back to his chair.
There was silence a moment or two, till the servant’s step sounded in
the hall, and the door opened. Mr. Morris’s discreet face looked
steadily and composedly at his master.
“Bring the pasty,” said Ralph, “and the wine.”
He gave the servant a sharp look, seemed to glance out across the hall
for a moment and back again. There was no answering look on Mr. Morris’s
face, but he slipped out softly, leaving the door just ajar.
Then Ralph turned to Chris again.
Chris had had time to recover himself by now, and was sitting very pale
and composed after his dramatic outburst, his hands hidden under his
scapular, and his fingers gripped together.
“Now tell me,” said Ralph, with his former kindly contempt. He had begun
to understand now what his brother had come about, and was determined to
be at once fatherly and decisive. This young fool must be taught his
place.
“It is this,” said Chris, still in a trembling voice, but it grew
steadier as he went on. “God’s people are being persecuted--there is no
longer any doubt. They were saints who died yesterday, and Master
Cromwell is behind it all; and--and you serve him.”
Ralph jerked his head to speak, but his brother went on.
“I know you think me a fool, and I daresay you are right. But this I
know, I would sooner be a fool than--than--”
--“than a knave” ended Ralph. “I thank you for your good opinion, my
brother. However, let that pass. You have come to teach me my business,
then?”
“I have come to save your soul,” said Chris, grasping the arms of his
chair, and eyeing him steadily.
“You are very good to me,” said Ralph bitterly. “Now, I do not want any
more play-acting--” He broke off suddenly as the door opened. “And here
is the food. Chris, you are not yourself”--he gave a swift look at his
servant again--“and I suppose you have had no food to-day.”
Again he glanced out through the open door as Mr. Morris turned to go.
Chris paid no sort of attention to the food. He seemed not to have seen
the servant’s entrance and departure.
“I tell you,” he said again steadily, with his wide bright eyes fixed on
his brother, “I tell you, you are persecuting God’s people, and I am
come, not as your brother only, but as a monk, to warn you.”
Ralph waved his hand, smiling, towards the dish and the bottle. It
seemed to sting Chris with a kind of fury, for his eyes blazed and his
mouth tightened as he stood up abruptly.
“I tell you that if I were starving I would not break bread in this
house: it is the house of God’s enemy.”
He dashed out his left hand nervously, and struck the bottle spinning
across the table; it crashed over on to the floor, and the red wine
poured on to the boards.
“Why, there is blood before your eyes,” he screamed, mad with hunger and
sleeplessness, and the horrors he had seen; “the ground cries out.”
Ralph had sprung up as the bottle fell, and stood trembling and glaring
across at the monk; the door opened softly, and Mr. Morris stood alert
and discreet on the threshold, but neither saw him.
“And if you were ten times my brother,” cried Chris, “I would not touch
your hand.”
There came a knocking at the door, and the servant disappeared.
“Let him come, if it be the King himself,” shouted the monk, “and hear
the truth for once.”
The servant was pushed aside protesting, and Beatrice came straight
forward into the room.