painter, pupil of Aimé Millet and of Cabanel. Medal, 2d class, 1879.
Works: St. John Baptist (1876); Despair of Œdipus (1877); Electra
(1878); Mater Dolorosa (1878), Préfecture de la Seine, Paris; A
Martyr (1879); Fifer (1881); Remorse, The Widow (1882); Solum Patriæ
(1885).
[Illustration: Bust]
FRITH, WILLIAM POWELL, born at Studley, near Ripon, in 1819. Genre
painter, pupil of Royal Academy, London, where he exhibited his
Malvolio and Countess Olivia in 1840. Elected an A.R.A. in 1845, and
R.A. in 1853; member of Royal Academies of Vienna (1869), Belgium
(1871), Sweden (1873), and Antwerp. Medal, Paris, 2d class, 1855; L.
of Honour, 1878. Works: Othello and Desdemona (1840); Leicester and
Amy Robsart (1841); Duel from Twelfth Night (1843); Knox and Queen
Mary (1844); Nora Creina (1846); Coming of Age (1849); Pope and Mary
Montagu (1852); A Dream of the Future (1856); _Derby_ Day (1858);
Claude Duval (1860); _Railway_ Station (1862); Marriage of Prince
of Wales (1865); Before Dinner at Boswell’s (1868); Henry VIII.
(1872); Pamela (1875); Road to Ruin (1878); The Private View--1881,
Kate Kearney, Honeymooning in Switzerland, La Belle Marquise (1883);
Beatrice overhears that Benedick loves her, Dr. Johnson and Mrs.
Siddons, Cruel Necessity, London Flower-Girl (1884); John Knox at
Holyrood (1885).--Art Journal (1856), 237; Sandby, ii. 297; Gaz. des
B. Arts (1862), xiii. 215.
FRITSCH, MELCHIOR, born in Vienna, Jan. 2, 1825. Landscape painter,
pupil of Vienna Academy, where he studied drawing under Mössmer.
Although self-taught in painting, he obtained the Imperial prize
in 1845. Works: Burning Village after Storm; Pass near Günsling in
Tyrol; Landscape in Storm with returning Villagers (1874); View on
Langbath Lake (1875); Burning Village (1877).--Müller, 187; Wurzbach,
iv. 372.
FRITZ, ANDREAS, born at Parsonage of Mou, near Aalborg, Jutland,
Nov. 2, 1828. Landscape painter, pupil of Copenhagen Academy under
Kobke, Gertner, and Marstrand; visited Paris in 1855 and 1878; went
abroad again in 1871. Medals, 1854, 1855. Works: Jutland Gleaner Girl
(1856); Views in Jutland (1870–80).--Sigurd Müller, 111; Weilbach,
186.
FRITZE, MARGARETE (AUGUSTE), born at Dreileben, near Magdeburg, Oct.
28, 1845. Genre painter, first instructed in Bremen, then pupil in
Munich of Grützner and Liezen-Mayer, also much influenced by Kotzebue
and Alexander Wagner. Moved to Stuttgart in 1880. Works: In Foreign
Lands; Portraits.--Müller, 188.
[Illustration: Bust]
FRÖLICH, LORENS, born in Copenhagen, Oct. 25, 1820. History and
genre painter, and illustrator, pupil of Rörbye, then of Hetsch and
Eckersberg. Went in 1840 to Munich, and in 1842 to Dresden, where
he studied under Bendemann, then (1846–51) in Rome, and 1851–54
under Couture in Paris, where he went again in 1857, then settled in
Copenhagen in 1873. Has illustrated many works of Danish authors.
Danebrog Order in 1857; member of Copenhagen Academy in 1877. Works:
Ingeborg and Fritjof (1837); Peasant pursued by Wolves (1838);
Deer in Forest-Valley; Palnatoke shooting King Harold Blaatand
(Blue-tooth), King Svavelame forcing the Dwarfs Dyrin and Dvalin to
forge the Sword Tyrving (1840); Cupid and the Watersprite (1845),
Leipsic Museum; Return from Harvest Field (1852); Waldemar Sejr as
Founder of Jutland Law, Frederic IV. receiving Homage of Schleswig
(1854–57), Court of Appeals, Flensburg; Family of a Wood-God,
Copenhagen Gallery.--Sigurd Müller, 116; Weilbach, 190.
FRÖHLICHER (Frölicher), OTTO, born at Soleure, Switzerland, in 1840.
Landscape painter, pupil in Munich of J. G. Steffan, then (1864–65)
of Düsseldorf Academy; studied especially the hills of Bavaria and
the Swiss Alps. Works: Group of Trees in Jura Mountains (1866); View
in Bernese Alps (1869); Mountain-Brook in Uri, View in Inn Valley
(1868); Landscape in Upper Bavaria, View in Bernese Oberland, Berne
Museum; Village in Nether Bavaria, Saint Gall Museum; Woodland in
Upper Bavaria, Zürich Gallery; Moonlight Scene (1884).--Müller, 188.
FROMENT (Froment-Delormel), JACQUES VICTOR EUGÈNE, born in Paris,
June 17, 1820. History, genre, and landscape painter, pupil of
Jollivet, Lecomte, and Amaury-Duval. L. of Honour, 1863. Works:
Indians surprising Camp of Hostile Tribe (1849); Pawnee Children
on the Platte River (1853); Love Disarmed, Egg Dance (1859); The
Graces (1867); Love Captive (1870); The Dance, The Seasons, Spring
(1875).--Bellier de la Chavignerie, i. 594.
FROMENT, NICOLAS, born at Avignon, flourished 1461–76. French school.
This master, whose name has only recently been found in the archives
of Marseilles, flourished at the court of King René of Anjou. In the
Flemish character of his works he approaches the style of Rogier van
der Weyden. Works: Triptych, with Burning Bush and Madonna in centre,
Saints on the Wings, Aix Cathedral; Triptych with Raising of Lazarus
(1461), Uffizi, Florence.--W. & W., ii. 76; Burckhardt, 619.
[Illustration: Bust]
[Illustration: Signature]
FROMENTIN, EUGÈNE, born at La Rochelle (Charante-Inférieure), Oct.
24, 1820, died at St. Maurice, near La Rochelle, Aug. 27, 1876. Genre
painter, pupil of Rémond and Cabat; visited Algiers in 1846–48 and
in 1852–53, and brought home many sketches, from which he painted
his characteristic pictures of Oriental life. He was the author of
a successful romance, “Dominique” (1863), and of admirable works
on art and travel. Medals: 2d class, 1849, 1857; 1st class, 1859;
L. of Honour, 1859; Officer, 1869. Works: Farm near La Rochelle,
Mosque near Algiers, View in Gorges of the Chiffa (1847); five
Algerine Pictures (1849); 11 Pictures on Voyage to Biskra (1850);
Moorish Burial (1853); Arab Falconers, Halt of Merchants before
Aghouat, and five others (1857); Negro Jugglers, Street in Aghouat,
Border of Oasis during Sirocco, Souvenir of Algiers, Audience with
a Chalif (1859); Couriers of Ouled-Nayls (1861); Squall in Plains
of Alfa (1864); Heron Chase (1865); Nomad Tribe on Journey (1866);
Women of Ouled-Nayls (1867); Centaurs (1868); Fantasia (1869); Canal
Grande and Molo in Venice (1872); Algerian Falconer, or The Quarry
(1873), Arab Encampment (last work, unfinished), Luxembourg Museum;
Ravine (1874); The Nile, Souvenir of Esneh (1876). Works in United
States: _Algerian_ Falconer (1863), Albert Spencer, New York; Arabs
crossing a Ford, Miss C. L. Wolfe, ib.; Halt, A. Belmont, ib.; Arab
Falconer, J. H. Warren, Hoosic Falls, N. Y.; Arab Falconer, B. Wall,
Providence; Arab Horses going to Water, H. P. Kidder, Boston; Street
Scene in Algiers, H. Probasco, Cincinnati; Arab Horsemen nearing a
City, Mrs. W. P. Wilstach, Philadelphia; Cavalcade, A. J. Antelo,
Philadelphia; On the Nile, J. C. Runkle, New York; Arabs Marching,
J. T. Martin, Brooklyn; Chase, C. P. Huntington, New York; Donkey at
a Ford, R. L. Cutting, New York; Street in Cairo, Halt in Desert,
Returning from the Expedition, Wm. Astor, New York; Crossing the
Ford, Arabs watering Horses, W. H. Vanderbilt, New York; Halt in
the Desert, H. C. Gibson, Philadelphia; The Halt, Borie Collection,
Philadelphia; The Halt (1872), At the Well (1875), Encampment in
Atlas Mountains, W. T. Walters, Baltimore.--Gonse, Eug. Fromentin
(Paris, 1881); L’Art (1877), viii. 11, 25; Galaxy (1866), ii. 533;
Gaz. des B. Arts (1878), xvii. 401; xviii. 84; (1879), xix. 240; xx.
281; (1880), xxi. 50, 464; xxii. 139, 216, 319, 404; Meyer, Gesch.,
708; Nation (1881), xxxii. 462.
FROMMEL, KARL LUDWIG, born at Birkenfeld, Oldenburg, April 29, 1789,
died at Ispringen, near Pforzheim, Feb. 6, 1863. Landscape painter,
pupil of Philipp Jakob Becker (1763–1829, Baden court-painter, and
director of Carlsruhe Gallery). Studied Claude Lorrain and Poussin
in Paris in 1810–12, then went to Rome and Naples, and in 1817
became professor at the Carlsruhe art-school. He founded the Art
and Industry Union of Baden; visited England in 1824, and was made
director of the Carlsruhe Gallery in 1829. Works: Sorrento; Outbreak
of Vesuvius; Blue Grotto of Capri; Scylla in Calabria; Cemetery
of Salzburg; Castle Hohenstaufen; Castle Tyrol; View of Rome; St.
Goarshausen; Monastery near Sorrento (1840), Castle Heiligenberg on
Lake Constance (4, 1853–54), Fürstenberg Gallery, Doanueschingen;
Etna, and Taormina; View of Tivoli; Bellaggio on Lake Como; Tasso’s
House at Sorrento; Villa Serbelloni on Lake Como; Waterfall near
Tryberg (2), View of Heidelberg, Rocky Landscape in Murg Valley,
Castle Alt-Eberstein, Carlsruhe Gallery; Landscape, Stettin
Museum.--Allgem. d. Biogr., viii. 144; Brockhaus, vii. 374; Zeitschr.
f. b. K., viii. 11.
FRONTIER, JEAN CHARLES, born in Paris in 1701, died at Lyons, Sept.
2, 1753. French school; history and portrait painter, pupil of Claude
Hallé; won the first prize at the Academy in 1728; received as member
in 1744; went to Lyons, where he became director of the art-school.
Works: Vulcan attaching Prometheus to the Rock (1744), Louvre,
Paris; Moses raising the Brazen Serpent (1743), Sainte Croix, Lyons;
Nativity (1745), Museum, ib.--Bellier de la Chavignerie, i. 595;
Jal., 623.
FRÖSCHL, KARL, born in Vienna in 1848. Genre and portrait painter,
pupil of Vienna Academy, then in Munich of Wilhelm Diez. Spent
several years in Italy. Works: Italian genre scenes, Portrait of his
Wife.--Müller, 189; Zeitschr. f. b. K., xv. 92.
[Illustration: Bust]
FROST, WILLIAM EDWARD, born at Wandsworth, Sept., 1810, died in
London, June 4, 1877. Subject painter, pupil of Sass’s Art Academy
and of the Royal Academy, where he won the gold medal in 1839 for his
Prometheus Bound; began as a portrait painter, but finally devoted
himself to painting ideal figures, especially the female nude.
Elected an A.R.A. in 1846, and R.A. in 1871. Works: Bacchanalian
Dance (1844); Sabrina (1845); Diana and Actæon (1846); Una (1847);
Euphrosyne (1848); Naiad, Syrens (1849); Chastity (1854); Sea-Nymph
(1855); Narcissus (1857); Zephyr and Aurora (1858); Daughters of
Hesperus (1860); Graces and Loves, Sea-Nymphs (1863); Death of
Adonis (1865); Hylas and Nymphs (1867); Puck (1869); Haunt of Diana,
Cupid Disarmed (1870); Musidora (1871); Nymph and Cupid (1872);
Bacchante (1874).--Art Journal (1849), 184; (1857), 5; (1877), 280;
Sandby, ii. 219; Meyer, Conv. Lex., xvii. 362; Kunst-Chronik, xii.
658.
FRUWIRTH, KARL, born in Vienna in 1809, died there, Jan. 17, 1878.
Still-life and genre painter, studied in Vienna; was also a skilful
restorer of old paintings. Works: Venetian Fishermen in approaching
Storm (1846); Little Nell in the Curiosity Shop (1847); Still Life
(1850), Vienna Museum; Wine, Woman, and Song (1850); Dinner on
Fishing Bark (1853); Armoury (1857).--Wurzbach, iv. 388.
FUECHSELL, HERMANN, born at Brunswick, Germany, Aug. 8, 1833.
Landscape painter, pupil of Lessing in Düsseldorf in 1855. Prize for
life-drawing, Brunswick College, 1852. Studio in New York since 1858.
Works: Scene on Staten Island (1869); On the Saco--North Conway,
N.H. (1879); On the Hills near Bolton--Lake George (1880); View from
Crow’s-Nest--North River (1881); Break-Neck Hills on the Hudson
(1882); Camping Scene--Adirondacks, View on Lake George (1884).
FUES, CHRISTIAN FRIEDRICH, born in Tübingen in 1772, died in
Nuremberg, Sept., 1836. German school; history, genre, and portrait
painter, pupil of the Stuttgart art-school, under Hetsch and Harper;
lived for some time in Brunswick, then in Nuremberg, where he became
professor at the art-school. Works: Minnesinger (1821); Family of Old
Knight (1827); Politicians at Coffee-House, Girl Resting, Würtemberg
Costumes (1830); Village Fair (1827); Kirmess (1833); Laughing
Peasant, Suabian Girl braiding her Hair (1834); Summer and Winter
(1835); nine portraits of distinguished Nurembergers, City Hall,
Nuremberg.--Andresen, iv. 280.
FUESSLI, WILHELM, born at Zürich in 1830. Portrait painter, pupil of
Städel Institute, Frankfort, then in Munich of Berdellé and in Paris
of Couture; also studied in Rome. Copied several pictures by old
masters for the Schack Gallery in Munich, where he lives. Gold medal,
Munich, 1869.--Müller, 189.
FÜGER, FRIEDRICH HEINRICH, born in Heilbronn, Würtemberg, Dec. 8,
1751, died in Vienna, Nov. 5, 1818. German school; history and
portrait painter, pupil in Stuttgart of Guibal and in Leipsic of
Oeser. In 1774 he went to Vienna and in 1776 to Rome, where he
studied the Carracci and Domenichino, as well as Raphael Mengs and
Battoni. In 1782 he was patronized by Count Lamberg, the Austrian
ambassador at Naples, and executed paintings for the King. The next
year he was appointed vice-director of the Vienna Academy, and
in 1795 director, which post he held until 1806, when he became
director of the Belvedere Gallery. Works: Death of Cæsar; Farewell
of Coriolanus, Czernin Gallery, Vienna; Death of Germanicus (1789),
Vienna Academy; Prometheus, Count Zinzendorf, Vienna; Ariadne at
Naxos, Joseph II. as Ally of Catherine of Russia, Field-Marshal
Laudon as Conqueror of Belgrade, Mrs. de Witt in Greek Costume,
Philip at Bed of Alexander, Erasistratus at Bed of Antiochus
(1788–90); portraits of Joseph II. (1787), of Artist’s Father (1788),
of Elector of Mentz, of Marchese Gallo, Princess of France (six
times); Socrates before the Judges; Orpheus in Hades; Judgment of
Brutus; Dido on the Funeral Pyre; Adam and Eve mourning Abel’s Death
(1799), John the Baptist (1811), Magdalen (1816), Allegory on Peace
of Vienna, Vienna Museum; Semiramis hearing of Revolt of Babylon,
Death of Virginia (1801); St. John in the Desert (1804); Christ
Crucified (1813); Bathsheba, National Gallery, Pesth; Magdalen,
Graces and Cupid, Schleissheim Gallery; Alcestis consecrating herself
to the Gods, Minerva and Saturn defending Art and Science, Mentz
Museum; Zeus appearing to Phidias, Achilles by the Body of Patroclus,
Hercules and Omphale; St. Magdalen, New Pinakothek, Munich; Venus
Anadyomene; Portrait of Count Ludolff, Brunswick Museum; do. of
Nelson (1800), National Portrait Gallery, London.--Allgem. d. Biogr.,
viii. 177; Andresen, ii. 89; Brockhaus, vii. 398; Wurzbach, v. 1.
FUGITIVES, Léon _Glaize_; private gallery. People are escaping from
Athens during a siege by being let down from the walls at night by
means of ropes. Several groups are represented suspended in mid-air,
with a shadowy abyss below, and the city walls, lighted by the
moon-beams, behind them. Salon, 1877.
[Illustration: Bust]
FÜHRICH, JOSEF, Ritter VON, born at Kratzau, Bohemia, Feb. 9, 1800,
died in Vienna, March 13, 1876. German school; history painter,
pupil of Prague Academy under Bergler, went in 1826 to Rome, where
he joined the German Pre-Raphaelites, and assisted Overbeck in
painting the frescos in the Villa Massimi. Called to Vienna in 1834
as custodian of the Academy Gallery, he was appointed professor at
the Academy in 1841. In 1854–61 he was occupied in painting frescos
in the Altlerchenfeld Church, a monumental work, for which he was
knighted and decorated with the order of the Iron Crown. Gold medal
in 1841, member of Munich and Berlin Academies; Commander of Order of
Francis Joseph in 1872. Works: Death of Otto von Wittelsbach (1817);
St. Ivan found by Duke Borivoj (1817); Christ on his Way to Mount
of Olives; Joshua before Jericho; The Jews Mourning; St. Adelheid
and Francis of Assisi; Incarnation; Boaz and Ruth; St. Gudule; St.
Filomena; Mary and Joseph on Journey to Bethlehem; Christ in Glory;
Christ asleep in the Ship during Storm; Moses receiving Commandments
from God, Apparition of Fighting Horsemen frightening Inhabitants
of Jerusalem (1844), Mary’s Walk over the Mountains (1841), Vienna
Museum; Triumph of Christ, Raczynski Gallery, Berlin; St. Ann (1844);
Disciples on Way to Emmaus; Joseph’s Dream; Pietà; Shepherds on Way
to Manger; Peter’s Draught of Fish (1850); Judgment of Solomon;
First Baptism in Samaria; The Body of St. John of Nepomuk found in
the Moldau, _Triumph_ of Christianity in Germany, Schack Gallery,
Munich; Beheading of St. James, Leipsic Museum; Christ on Mount of
Olives; Jacob and Rachel; Madonna; Rudolf von Hapsburg and the Priest
(1870). Frescos: Three Scenes from Tasso’s Jerusalem (1827–29),
Villa Massimi, Rome; Fourteen Stations on Christ’s Walk to Golgotha,
St. Nepomuk, Vienna; Raising of Lazarus, Last Judgment, Fall of the
Condemned, Altlerchenfeld Church, Vienna.--Allgem. d. Biogr., viii.
185; Brockhaus, vii. 401; Illustr. Zeitg. (1874), ii. 451; (1875),
i. 487; Schack, Meine Gemäldesammlung (1885), 79; Wurzbach, v. 5;
Zeitschr. f. b. K., iii. 189, 209; vi. 198; xvii. 33; Zimmermann,
Studien und Kritiken, ii. 340.
[Illustration: Bust]
FULLER, GEORGE, born at Deerfield, Mass., in 1822, died in Boston,
March 21, 1884. Figure and portrait painter, studied in Boston, New
York, London, and on the Continent of Europe. Painted portraits at
first, for many years. Elected an A.N.A. in 1857; member of Society
of American Artists. Memorial exhibition of his works at Museum of
Fine Arts, Boston, 1884. Works: Cupid (1854), Miss I. M. Ames, New
York; Negro Nurse with Child (1861), Waldo Higginson, Boston; At
the Bars, Farmyard (1865), Mrs. M. Y. Wynne, Boston; Shearing the
Donkey (1877–79), C. R. Grant, Boston; Romany Girl (1877–79), J. T.
Williams, New York; original study for do., T. B. Clark, New York;
Hannah (1880), F. H. Lovell, Brooklyn; The Quadroon (1880), S. D.
Warren, Boston; Maidenhood (1881), W. F. Matchett, Boston; Winifred
Dysart (1881), J. M. Sears, Boston; Psyche (1882), W. A. Tower,
Boston; Nydia, Berry-Pickers, Driving Home the Calf (1882); Turkey
Pasture (1882), W. H. Abercrombie, Brookline; Priscilla (1882), F.
L. Ames, Boston; Puritan Boy (1883), C. G. Weld, Boston; Pasture
with Geese, Fagot Gatherers, Twilight on Prairie, Arethusa, Girl and
Calf (1883); November (1882–84); Fedalma (1883–84), C. E. Lauriat,
Boston.--Harper’s Mag., Sept., 1884.
FUNGAI, BERNARDINO, born about 1460, died in 1516. Sienese school;
pupil of Benvenuto di Giovanni or of Matteo da Siena; was associated
with Giacomo Pacchiarotti and influenced by Pinturicchio. He was one
of the last representatives of the old school. In his Coronation of
the Virgin (1500?) in S. M. de’ Servi, the figures are rigid, awkward
in movement, and stiffly draped. His Madonna and Saints (1512) in the
Carmine, Siena, is better proportioned, though less characteristic
than the Coronation in Church of the Madonna di Fontegiusta, Siena,
and the Assumption in the Siena Academy. His best and perhaps his
latest work is a Christ between SS. Francis and Jerome in the
same gallery, a weak, rosy-coloured picture, carefully and flatly
treated.--C. & C., Italy, iii. 372; Vasari, ed. Le Mon., xi. 173;
Burckhardt, 685; Rio, i. 144.
FUNK, HEINRICH, born at Herford, Westphalia, Dec. 12, 1807, died in
Stuttgart, Nov. 22, 1877. Landscape painter, pupil of his father and,
from 1829, of Düsseldorf Academy; moved in 1836 to Frankfort, and was
from 1854–76 professor at the Stuttgart art-school. Gold medal in
Rouen. Order of Frederic in 1870, order of the Crown in 1873. Works:
Ruin of Castle (1834), National Gallery, Berlin; Lower Inn Valley,
Ruin on Lake, Städel Gallery, Frankfort; Landscape in Storm (1869),
Cologne Museum; View in the Eifel, Stuttgart Gallery; Summer Day
on the Rhine; Autumn Landscape after Storm; Urach Waterfall; Wood
Landscape in Brühl Valley; Outlook on Chiem Lake; Chestnut Wood near
Meran; Chillon Castle in Approaching Storm.--Allgem. d. Biogr., viii.
202; Kunst-Chronik, xiii. 194; xiv. 294; W. Müller, Düsseldf. K.,
353; Wiegmann, 362.
[Illustration: Signature]
FURINI, FRANCESCO, born in Florence about 1600, died there in
1649. Florentine school; pupil of his father, Filippo Furini,
and successively of Passignano, Bilevelt, and Matteo Rosselli.
Afterwards studied works of Guido in Rome. On return to Florence
won considerable reputation for painting the nude, generally
choosing subjects in which he could introduce the forms of women
and children. His flesh tints are very mellow and tender. Among his
works are, Magdalen in the Desert, Siena Academy; do. (2), Vienna
Museum; Daughters of Lot, Madrid Museum; Venus and Adonis, Buda-Pesth
Gallery; Creation of Eve, Palazzo Pitti, Florence; Birth of Cyrus,
New York Museum.--Ch. Blanc, École florentine; Burckhardt, 140, 383,
392, 395.
FÜRSTENBERG, SIEGFRIED, born in Berlin in 1810. Genre and portrait
painter, pupil of Wach in 1829–32, and then of the Düsseldorf
Academy. In 1846 he was appointed teacher of drawing in the
Realschule at Treves. His genre pieces and portraits are remarkable
for truth to nature and finish. Works: Fortune-Teller; Return from
the Kirmess; Father’s Friend; The Widow.
FURTMEYR, PERCHTOLD, flourished in Ratisbon, 1470–1501, died about
1502. German school; miniature painter, famous for his illuminations
of a chronicle, a bible (1470–72), and a missal (1481, for Archbishop
Bernhard of Salzburg), Court Library, Munich.--Förster, Denkmale,
iii. 1; do., Gesch., ii. 254; Schnaase, viii. 468; Sighardt, Gesch.,
649.
[Illustration: Bust]
FUSELI (Fuessli), HENRY (Heinrich), born in Zürich, Feb. 7, 1741,
died in London, April 16, 1825. History painter and writer on art,
son of Johann Caspar Fuessli (1707–81), portrait and landscape
painter of Zürich; took holy orders after graduating from Zürich
University (1761), left on account of some theological dispute in
1763, and after wandering through Germany, where he supported himself
by making translations, went to England in 1765, and in 1767 adopted
painting as his profession, by the advice of Sir Joshua Reynolds.
Three years later he went to Italy, and resided there from 1770 to
1779, studying Michelangelo especially, and forming a fantastic style
which also betrays the influence of Goltzius and Spranger. After
his return to London he attracted attention by a picture called The
Nightmare (1782). From the year 1774 to 1825 he exhibited sixty-nine
pictures and drawings at the Royal Academy. In 1788 he was elected
an A.R.A. and in 1790 R.A.; was made professor in 1799, and keeper
in 1805. A fantastic and prolific designer rather than a painter, he
had neither the judgment to control, nor the technical knowledge to
adequately represent, the fancies of his powerful but ill-regulated
imagination. His literary abilities were of no mean order, and the
lectures which he delivered at the Royal Academy give evidence of
thought, study, and critical acumen, and are remarkable as specimens
of English writing by a foreigner. Works: Ugolino and his Sons;
Celadon and Amelia; Romeo and Juliet; Lady Macbeth; Francesca and
Paolo; An Incantation; Hercules and Theseus.--Redgrave; Sandby, i.
205; Ch. Blanc, École anglaise; Allgem. d. Biogr., viii. 260; Art
Journal (1861), 325; Portfolio (1873), 50; Meyer, Conv. Lex., vii.
204; Wornum, Epochs, 526; J. Knowles, Life and Lectures of Fuseli.
FÜTERER, ULRICH, flourished at Landshut about 1480. German school;
history painter and poet. He painted, conjointly with Gabriel
Maechselkirchner, from 1467 for Kloster Tegernsee, and Duke Albrecht
IV. of Bavaria. Work: Crucifixion, Schleissheim Gallery.--Allgem. d.
Biogr., viii. 271; Schnaase, viii. 464.
FUX, JOSEF, born at Steinhof, Nether Austria, in 1842. Genre and
portrait painter, pupil of Ruben; talented colourist. Works:
Scene in a Deer Park; On a Perilous Road; The Roman Dove-Seller;
Children’s portraits; Lute-Player; Cardinal Praying; Savoyard with
Monkeys.--Müller, 189; N. illustr. Zeitg. (1883), i. 167.
FYOLL, KONRAD, flourished in Frankfort in 1466–98. German school;
son and probably pupil of Sebald Fyoll, whose name appears in
Frankfort documents in 1439–62 as having executed wall-paintings.
The pictures in the Städel Gallery under the name of Konrad are not
authenticated.--Schnaase, viii. 377; W. & W., ii. 98.
[Illustration: Initials and Signatures]