1810 210,475
1820 1,655,226
1830 4,316,432
1840[23] 13,340,164
1850 13,350,566
1852 16,350,052
This valuation is much smaller than that of the same quantity of property
would be in any other American city, and this very fact has been urged
against Louisville by her rival neighbors. They insist that the low price
of property here is a proof that the trade of the city is not progressive,
that hence no inducements are offered, either to the emigrant or to the
capitalist. A slight examination of the subject, however, will show why
property has not advanced here in the same ratio as in other cities, and
will also demonstrate the fact that the very argument which is urged
against Louisville, is really a matter of serious congratulation to her.
It is not denied that land can be had within one mile south of the center
of the city at from two to three hundred dollars per acre, whereas land
similarly situated either in Pittsburg, Cincinnati, St. Louis or New
Orleans would command nearly, if not quite four times that price. On the
contrary, it is urged that this should be and that it is at once claimed
as a strong recommendation both to the capitalist and to the emigrant, in
favor of this city. The reason why this difference exists in favor of
Louisville, is thus plainly shown. If the reader will take up the map of
Kentucky and Indiana, and, commencing at the mouth of Harrod's Creek,
which empties into the Ohio river eight miles above the city, will draw a
line down to a point five miles below the mouth of Salt river, and another
line thence southwardly for a distance of sixteen miles; and from this
point draw a gradually decreasing arc back to the point of beginning, he
will have enclosed a space of country, every foot of which is entirely
level, is delightfully watered, abounds in building material of every
description, and is equally as well suited to all purposes of building, as
are the best lots now within the city limits. Nor is this all; crossing
the Ohio river at the foot of the Indiana Knobs, one mile below New
Albany, and going north-east a distance of sixteen miles, and thence back
to the Ohio river at or near Utica, a triangle is formed whose base is
twelve miles long, and whose other legs reach about twenty miles to the
apex. The space embraced within this triangle possesses precisely the same
characteristics as that contained in the arc above mentioned. When it is
remembered, as has been said by another writer upon the same subject, that
we have "no need to encroach on arms of the sea as at Boston or New York,
or to raze hills in the rear as at Pittsburg and Cincinnati, or to make
embankments and to reclaim swamps as at New Orleans," but on the
contrary, that we possess a location where building lots equally good,
both as to site and material, may be had at one mile and at ten miles
distant from the center of the city, the mystery of our cheap lots begins
to be evolved. Here is a space of level country beyond the reach of any
flood, all parts of which are equally well adapted to the purposes of the
builder, sufficiently large to contain within its limits the cities of
London, Paris, and St. Petersburg, with the foundation for a large city
already laid, with a location which, in reference to facilities of
intercourse with the rest of the United States, is unsurpassed; at the
only point of obstruction in a continuous line of two thousand miles of
inland navigation; a half-way house between North and South; a point
through which all the great railroad arteries must of necessity pass; in
the center of the most fertile and productive agricultural lands in the
Union; in a State distinguished for the nobility and chivalry of character
of its inhabitants, with every advantage which nature can give to the
merchant, the manufacturer or the idle man of wealth and fashion; what is
there, in view of all these circumstances, to prevent it from becoming the
Great City of the West? What other inducements could be asked either by
the capitalist at home or the emigrant from abroad? Does the cheapness of
property or do the low prices of rents prove obstacles to either of these
classes of people? Does the fertility of the surrounding country, and the
consequent cheapness of the markets draw away any who might otherwise be
attracted hither? Is one of these present the reason why Louisville is not
already what she must inevitably become, the first city in the West. The
reason is contained in the fact, not that these things are true, but that
being true, they are not known. It is to her own supineness, to her
indifference and lack of ambition to attain the rank to which she is
entitled, that she is indebted for her second-rate position. Had the
energy of the last two years been invested ten years ago, and been
continued till now, the population of Louisville would to-day have been
one hundred thousand souls. But she has been content to sit languidly down
to the enjoyment of the passing hour, while her competitors were bracing
every nerve and straining every muscle, not only to surpass her in the
race for supremacy, but to disable and destroy her. She has at last
awakened to a sense of her position, her lethargy is at last thrown off,
and now the struggle begins in earnest. If it be continued in earnest it
is easy to see that she can rapidly regain her place, and easily bear off
the palm.
Let us look for a moment at the geographical position of Louisville, and
her facilities of intercourse with other portions of the country. The
following table of distances, time, conveyance and cost will readily show
this:
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
|From Louisville to|Dist'ce.| Time. | Conveyance. | Cost. |
|------------------|--------|-----------|---------------------|-------|
|Pittsburg | 608| 60 Hours.| Steamboat. | $7 50 |
|Cincinnati | 150| 14 " | " | 2 50 |
|Memphis | 643| 60 " | " | 8 00 |
|New Orleans | 1365| 240 " | " | 20 00 |
|St. Louis | 535| 40 " | " | 8 00 |
|Nashville | 176| 33 " | Stage. | 12 00 |
|New York | 1080| 60 " |Steamboat & Railroad.| 22 00 |
|Boston | 1135| 62 " | " " | 25 00 |
|Philadelphia | 793| 54 " | " " | 20 00 |
|Washington | 736| 52 " | " " | 19 00 |
|Baltimore | 696| 50 " | " " | 17 50 |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
In a very few years, Cincinnati, Nashville and St. Louis, will be
connected with us by railroads, which are already partly completed, and so
reduce the time to those cities to six, eight, and twelve hours
respectively. These communications once established, Louisville becomes
the very center of a vast network of roads, connecting different climates,
the products of different soils and regions of every diversity of wealth.
The railroad to Nashville connects immediately with Charleston, and thence
opens roads to New Orleans and Mobile; while in another direction it
reaches Richmond, Va., passing through immense tracts of rich agricultural
and mineral lands. The railroad to Cincinnati opens to us the whole North
and East; while that to St. Louis will ultimately bring to our doors the
products of the Pacific Coast and the treasures of the modern El Dorado.
Add to all these advantages the unavoidable effects of these railroads, in
bringing to light all the possible wealth of the countries through which
they pass, and then say if anything but the most criminal neglect of the
advantages which Nature has given her, can prevent Louisville from
arriving at the most prominent rank among Western cities. Does the
capitalist desire an investment? Where can he better find it than near a
city thus situated, and one where lands are sold at less prices, and
building materials are cheaper and are more accessible than in any other
city of the Union? Does the emigrant desire a home? Where can he better
find it than near a city thus situated, one where the whole of his little
fortune is not required to buy him a shelter from the winds and the rain,
one that is yet unfilled with eager competitors in the struggle for
wealth, one where the products of his industry are needed and will be
eagerly taken from his hands at their fair value, one where he can have
not only a field for his own struggle with the world, but a place and a
circle of friends possessing all those attributes which make a home happy?
It cannot be but that as publicity is given to these advantages possessed
by this city, she will attract to her thousands of emigrants from abroad,
and thousands of capitalists and adventurers from other parts of our
country. While other cities have been spending time and means and
influence in advocating their claims to consideration, Louisville has been
silent. She gives publicity to her merits now for the first time, and, by
this humble little missive, she begs only for a fair hearing and for an
unbiassed consideration of her claims to public favor, satisfied that if
these can be secured her, she need have no fear that the highest dreams of
ambition which have ever been presented to her will be fully realized.
APPENDIX.
LOUISVILLE ROLLING MILL COMPANY,
MANUFACTURERS OF
BOILER, BAR, AND SHEET IRON,
(CHARCOAL AND PUDDLED.)
Flue Plates; Railroad Axles, Chairs and Spikes,
PLOW SLABS, WINGS, BOLTS, &C.
Office and Store 640 Main street, corner Fifth.
J. C. COLEMAN, President.
This establishment is one of the largest in the city and forms a very
important branch of Louisville manufactures; not only in the way of
affording employment and the means of living to a large number of persons,
but also by attracting from every part of this Great Valley an important
branch of its trade. The company is organized in the best possible manner;
the mill contains all the scientific improvements in this description of
manufacture, and the energetic President of the company possesses all the
requisites which could tend to guarantee the success of the concern. The
Iron made here has been fully tested all over the West and commands every
market into which it is introduced. The company have testimonials of the
most flattering character from all the iron-workers of Louisville, who
pronounce it "_fully equal if not superior to any Iron they have ever
worked_, and more uniform in its quality than any other Iron." Similar
testimonials have been received from the superintendents of the Louisville
and Frankfort, the New Albany and Salem, the Jeffersonville, the Vicksburg
and Jackson, and other Railroads, as well as from Col. Long,
superintendent of the U. S. Marine Hospital. The following letter is a
fair specimen of the favor with which the company's Iron is everywhere
regarded, and is only one of many such constantly received by them. It is
dated
CLEVELAND, OHIO, May 1, 1852.
We are now using, and have, within the past year, used some fifty tons of
the Louisville Rolling Mill Iron, for large Bolts for Railroad Bridges in
Indiana. The Iron for this work must be of very superior quality, uniting
great strength and tenacity. All the Iron we received of the Louisville
Rolling Mill was of that character, and gave great satisfaction.
THATCHER, BURT & CO.,
Railroad Bridge Contractors.
FULTON FOUNDRY.
GLOVER, GAULT & CO.
(SUCCESSORS TO INMAN, GAULT & CO.)
MANUFACTURERS OF
STEAM ENGINES
For Marine and Land purposes, and
MACHINE CASTINGS OR ALL DESCRIPTIONS,
Main street, near corner of Ninth.
This is believed to be the oldest Foundry in Louisville, and one of the
largest and most extensive in the Western country. Their engines have a
wide-spread reputation in the West and South, and are well known and
highly prized by Southern boat builders. Their fidelity in materials and
workmanship, their promptness in the execution of orders, and their
extensive assortment of the latest and most improved style of tools and
patterns, combined with the well-known enterprise of the gentlemen who
compose the firm, have all contributed to build up for this establishment
a business and a reputation which reflects credit upon this branch of
manufacture in the city. Steam engines are built by them in complete
running order and ready for use, the purchaser not being required to go to
any other factory for any of his order. Their business relations extend
over a very large surface of country, and bring to the city much foreign
trade. Besides their engines for boats, they also manufacture machinery of
all kinds, Car wheels, Axles and Car castings of all descriptions,
together with Iron and Brass castings and Wrought Iron work.
This foundry employs one hundred and twenty hands, and uses six hundred
tons of pig iron annually, besides other materials in proportion.
UNION FOUNDRY.
ROACH & LONG,
MANUFACTURERS OF
STEAM MACHINERY
OF EVERY DESCRIPTION,
SUGAR MILLS, COTTON GINS, &C., &C.
Main street, near Ninth.
This concern, although not so old as many of its class is yet one
deserving especial notice. The description of the business of this foundry
differs very little, if at all, from some of those already noticed. The
quality of work is in the highest degree creditable to the proprietors and
profitable to this department of manufactures in the city. Both members of
the firm are thorough practical workmen, having been regularly brought up
to the business, and hence the work which proceeds from this foundry
compares favorably, not only with any in the city, but with similar kinds
of manufactures in any part of the country. Like most of our large machine
foundries, the Union has extensive connection with the Southern
markets.--They have frequently forwarded as many as seven cotton-gins
within a fortnight, to different ports on the Mississippi river. Their
Sugar Mills, wherever they have been used, are eminently successful in
their operation. The casting of Chairs and Frogs for Railroads has also
been extensively carried on at this foundry. In the great department of
their business, the manufacture of Steam Engines for Boats, the Union
Foundry enjoys a reputation which cannot be anywhere surpassed. They have
built all sizes of engines, and are at present engaged upon a pair of
engines with thirty inch cylinder and ten foot stroke. Indeed the heaviest
castings of all sorts are constructed as readily and perfectly as the
lightest, and are made to work with equal ease and precision.
The Union Foundry employs eighty-four hands the "year round," and consumes
six hundred tons of metal.
KENTUCKY
BRASS FOUNDRY
AND MACHINE SHOP.
LAWSON & FRANK.
MANUFACTURERS OF
STEAM AND FIRE ENGINES,
BAGGING MACHINERY, &C.
Main street, near Ninth.
This well known Brass Foundry, now in the fifteenth year of its existence,
is another of those factories which are ornaments to the city. It has
never attempted the heavy steamboat castings, rather choosing the lighter
machinery; and the reputation of the establishment is derived chiefly from
the excellent finish and completeness of the work turned out. The most
complex machinery is carefully and accurately made and fitted together.
All work requiring nicety of construction and careful attention to detail,
is here manufactured, and in a manner which has always given entire
satisfaction.
Every article is made under the immediate supervision of the proprietors,
who are practical workmen and whose past reputation is a sure guarantee
for the quality of every piece of work. The Fire Engines, and machinery
for Hemp manufacture made at this establishment are deservedly
celebrated.--
Some of the most effective fire engines of this city and vicinity, have
been constructed at this foundry. The Brass work made there is also
creditable.
From thirty-five to forty hands are employed constantly; the business,
unlike that of most foundries, being equally good at all seasons of the
year.
HYDRAULIC FOUNDRY.
TEVIS & BARBAROUX,
MANUFACTURERS OF
CAST IRON SCREW PIPE,
IRON RAILING, ORNAMENTAL CASTINGS,
PATENT PUMPS, &C., &C.
WASHINGTON ST. COR. FLOYD.
This foundry possesses many features which are peculiar to it alone. It is
only here that Cast Iron Screw pipes are made; no other manufactory of
this article exists in the Western States. The machinery used in this
manufacture is beautiful in its construction, and perfectly adapted to the
use for which it is intended. All the Gas pipes for the city, as well the
main, as the smaller service pipes are made at this establishment. Many of
these screw pipes are used in the Southern sugar houses, and their
cheapness and durability, as well as the convenience with which they are
put up, especially recommend them for that purpose. For supplying rail
road stations, distilleries and tan yards they are also largely used. The
demand for this article of so universal use is of course very great, and
attracts much attention to Louisville manufacture. This foundry also
manufactures a pump, well known to be the best forcing and lift pump in
existence. Many hundreds of them are annually sold in New Orleans, and
their reputation and sale all over the South is of the very first
character. Tobacco Screws and Presses for Cotton, Tobacco and Hay as well
as machinery generally, are also made here. Iron Railing is another large
branch of their manufacture. The patterns for this railing are almost
endless in variety, and few foundries in the country can offer so many
inducements to the purchasers of all sorts of ornamental Castings as this.
Their latest novelty is a Morticing machine, which is worthy of the
special attention of mechanics. This establishment employs fifty hands,
and is the only one of the kind in the city.
NOVELTY WORKS
BEATTY & HAWLEY,
MANUFACTURERS OF
STEAM-MADE COCKS AND FAUCETS
AND
BRASS FOUNDERS,
North side Main Street between Eighth and Ninth.
This factory, which has been but recently put into operation, is the
deliberate result of several years consideration and study. Messrs. Beatty
and Hawley, the former of whom has been long and well known in Louisville
as a sagacious practical manufacturer and man of business, have finally
completed all the arrangements which are necessary to the establishment of
this foundry on thoroughly scientific principles, and have possessed
themselves of all the advantages to be derived from a complete study of
the business. The concern is by no means an ordinary brass foundry. The
West has heretofore sadly needed an establishment of this kind, those
already in operation being incompetent to the wants of the people. The
factory is now thoroughly organized, the best workmen have been employed,
the most recent and useful tools and machinery have been provided and
everything has been done with reference to a permanent and valuable
business. Cylinder, Pump, Guage and Oil Cocks, Oil Cups, Fawcetts,
Couplings and all like requirements of the Steam Engine builder are made
here and warranted fully equal to any made in the United States. The same
may be said with reference to articles used by the house plummer. Their
planing machines, lathes, &c., are of the very best quality, and their
machines for screw-cutting and for punching nuts and washers are also very
perfect. Bells, Steam-Whistles, and in fine every variety of article
manufactured from brass or bell metal will be made at this foundry. Babbet
metal and such other like compositions as are useful to the machinest or
brass founder are also sold at this establishment.
MARKET STREET FOUNDRY.
C. S. SNEAD, AGENT,
MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF
ORNAMENTAL AND ARCHITECTURAL IRON WORK,
Market Street, between Eighth and Ninth.
This Foundry directs its attention more particularly to a new branch of
business, in which it also has been eminently successful. It adds yet a
greater number to the already large variety of uses to which iron is
applied. Mr. Snead is the pioneer of this business in Louisville, and his
is the only establishment in the West where ornamental work is the chief
business of the foundry. It is well known that Iron can be applied to
almost all work of this description, and furnished at less price than any
other kind of material. The city abounds with proofs of the taste
displayed by this gentleman in his manufacture. His efforts have been
constantly directed toward attaining the highest degree of excellence,
both in design and execution, and he is constantly preparing novelties and
adapting his pliant material to new and valuable uses. Among the latest of
these novelties may be mentioned a cast-iron Pavement for the sidewalk,
which is composed of nicely fitting plates of Iron, in various forms of
mosaic work, ornamented with graceful designs. This pavement, which will
soon be exhibited, will doubtless at once take the place of the present
destructible and uncomfortable footways, as it is not only more beautiful
but far more durable. Iron counters for fancy stores form another
improvement proceeding from this foundry. Cast Girders for the builder is
also a novel article. The patterns for this establishment, already greater
than would readily be credited, are daily augmented by additional designs
from competent and tasteful hands. Store-fronts, Porticos for churches and
private dwellings, Corinthian, Ionic, Doric, Composite and Gothic columns,
cast Lintels and Sills for windows and doors, Brackets and Trusses of the
most ornamental designs, Flue Covers, Chimney Covers, Vault Gratings, Air
Grates, Stair Plates, Bedsteads, Window Frames and Sash, Hat Racks, Caps
and bases for columns of any order, and numerous other like articles, are
made at this foundry. Spittoons, Grate-bars, Hollow-ware, Tea-Kettles,
&c., also form a part of their work. The continued success of this foundry
is a proof of the existence of a high order of taste in the city.
LOUISVILLE
STOVE & GRATE
FOUNDRY.
D. & J. WRIGHT & Co.
MANUFACTURERS OF
STOVES, GRATES,
COPPER, TIN, AND SHEET IRON WARE.
NO. 432 MAIN STREET.
This immense establishment was organized by Messrs. Bridgeford & Holbrook
as early as 1837, and was the first foundry for stoves in the city. The
articles manufactured at this establishment, are well known as bearing a
high reputation all over the West. The gentlemen who compose the firm are
men of enterprise, and are always the first to present the latest
novelties in patterns or workmanship. They manufacture a large part of the
sheet iron steamboat stoves which are used on the western rivers, and have
a deservedly great name among steamboat furnishers. The large and
commodious building erected by them as a foundry, is a proof of the
prosperity which has attended their endeavors. The work sent from this
establishment, whether of the most ordinary kinds or of the finest and
most elegant enamelled ware, will compare very favorably with that of any
other establishment in the West. They consume annually in their foundry
about twelve hundred tons of iron, and employ one hundred hands; while the
tin and copper factory uses and vends three thousand boxes of tin plate,
and from $15,000 to $20,000 worth of sheet copper, wire, block tin, sheet
zinc, lead, lead pipe, &c. Two thousand bundles of sheet and rod iron are
also annually employed. The establishment is one which reflects great
credit upon its proprietors, and forms an important part of Louisville
Manufactures.
EAGLE FOUNDRY.
WALLACE, LITHGOW & CO.
MANUFACTURERS OF
STOVES, GRATES,
HOLLOW WARE,
COPPER, TIN, AND SHEET IRON WORK.
NO. 536 MAIN STREET.
This foundry may be regarded as having been the first to introduce into
the city the manufacture of the present extensive and complete variety of
the finer sorts of stove work. The principals of the establishment,
themselves practical workmen, have used much well-directed exertion to
produce quite a revolution in the style of manufacture of the articles
which come from their foundry. They have not only been early to introduce
novelties from abroad, but have themselves patented many valuable
articles. Among them the Eclipse Range, a cooking stove possessing
numerous advantages over most of those now known, is deserving of especial
mention. This range is in very common use all over the city, and is highly
prized wherever it is known. They are also manufacturers of a great
variety of elegant enamelled grates, garden vases and ornamental figures
for gardens and yards. These latter articles have recently been introduced
by these gentlemen, and they are being rapidly transferred from their
warehouses to the many beautiful grounds of our wealthier citizens.
Their foundry and buildings cover about half a square of ground; they
employ one hundred and twelve hands, and melt daily seven tons of iron.
Their importation of tin plate reaches four thousand three hundred and
fifty boxes. Copper, zinc, wire, sheet iron, &c., are also used in immense
quantities. The latest novelty of this establishment is Chilson's Air
Warming and Ventilating Furnace for public and private buildings.
FALLS CITY
Stove & Grate Foundry.
McDERMOTT, McGRAIN & Co.,
MANUFACTURERS OF
STOVES, GRATES AND CASTINGS,
COPPER, TIN AND SHEET IRON WARE,
No. 73 Fourth Street.
This foundry, begun by Meadows & McGrain, is another well known
establishment. The castings made by these gentlemen bear an equally high
reputation with those already noticed. The firm has since its commencement
been constantly improving in the quantity of its manufactured articles,
and has added many valuable improvements to the stock of the stove
founder. Among these may be noticed three new styles of cooking stove, all
of which have attained a deserved celebrity. These are called "_The
Stove_," "_Durable Kentuckian_," and the "_Queen Premium_." The first of
these is suited to the wants of the city, being economical in the use of
its fuel, and having attached to it a "summer arrangement," which does
away with the extreme heat of the ordinary cooking stove. The oven is also
so arranged that both bread and meat may be baked at the same time without
imparting the taste of the one to the other. The second stove, the
Kentuckian, is particularly adapted to the wants of the farmers, being
large, roomy, and of unusual weight and durability. All of these stoves
have met the entire approbation of those who have used them. Large
quantities of Hollow Ware, such as pots, kettles, skillets, ovens, odd
lids, &c., are cast at this foundry, and sold as well to the city as to
country dealers. The common stoves made at the Falls City Foundry, are of
excellent patterns and unusual weight; it not being the custom of this
establishment in any case to sacrifice utility to ornament. All the
articles usually made by the tinner also form a branch of their
manufactory. These gentlemen receive large quantities of job-work, which,
as is well known, they execute in a superior manner.
HOPE FOUNDRY.
GEO. MEADOWS,
MANUFACTURER OF
STOVES, GRATES, HOLLOW WARE,
TEA KETTLES, SAD IRONS,
ARCHITECTURAL AND OTHER CASTINGS.
Foundry, Main Street between Thirteenth and Fourteenth.
Ware House, 367 Main Street.
This Foundry, although recently established, is under the charge of a
gentleman who is well known as having been long connected with this
business in the city, and as bearing a very high reputation as a
master-workman. The details of this business differ little from those
already noticed. The quality of the work which proceeds from the Hope
Foundry is surpassed by none in any part of the country. The sole
difference between this and the stove foundries, already noticed, is found
in the fact that great attention is here paid to architectural and
job-work. Mr. M's skill in the operations of the foundry, and his constant
presence and attention to all his work, recommend this establishment, in
the highest manner, to all who desire to get up any novelty or to prepare
any peculiar work. This foundry is as yet in its infancy, having been
organized less than a year ago. It has already acquired an excellent
business, and now finds ready sale for all the articles which can be
produced. It is entirely safe to predict for it a speedy rise to great
eminence. The factory is so arranged as to be readily extended to any
capacity which may be desired, and the constantly increasing demand for
this species of manufacture in the city, and its dependancies, will
doubtless soon bring about this increase. It will be seen that Louisville
is abundantly supplied with Foundries, and that the extent of work done in
this line is of very great importance to her interests.
HAYS & COOPER,
MANUFACTURERS OF
WAGONS, PLOWS, CULTIVATORS, AND CASTINGS
FOR AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES,
Corner Main and Hancock Streets.
This is the largest establishment of the kind in the western country, and
is alike a credit to its proprietors and an honor to the city. The
machinery used is of the most perfect order, and the concern is indebted
to its own inventive powers for a great part of its completeness. The
proprietors are both practical workmen, and they give their constant
attention to all the details of their manufacture. The consequences of
this care and attention are shown in the widely spread reputation of their
manufactured articles. The chief market of these articles is found in the
southern States and in Texas. It is greatly to the credit of this factory
that their articles are so readily taken up by the planters, for it is
well known that inferior agricultural machines and implements find no
buyers among this class of consumers. In Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas
and Tennessee, the machines and implements of this firm are universally
known, and possess an enviable reputation. Messrs. H. & C. have introduced
machinery by which one man can produce as many iron axles in a day as can
usually be made by thirty hands, and the article so made is far more
perfect than the old and tediously constructed one. They have also a small
and ingenious saw of their own invention, for cutting felloes, and for
sawing crooked lines, which for rapidity and precision cannot be anywhere
surpassed. They also manufacture on their premises every article and every
part of every article, which they sell. Plows, wagons, carts, timber
wheels, harrows, cultivators, and other articles are made entirely on the
premises, from the raw material into the perfect and finished article.
They employ thirty hands, and produce from eighty to one hundred thousand
dollars worth of work annually. Beside this establishment there are four
other plow manufacturers, and twenty-one other wagon makers.
BENJ. F. AVERY,
MANUFACTURER OF
PLOWS
AND
CULTIVATORS.
Main St. bet. Floyd & Preston.
It is a proof of the prosperity of a city when manufactories of so
exclusive a character as the one before us not only exist but are
handsomely sustained. Some five years ago Messrs. B. F. & D. H. Avery
commenced the manufacture of the since celebrated Livingston County Plow.
It was with difficulty that the prejudices of the agricultural community
in favor of other instruments were overcome, but by dint of industrious
exertion the plow slowly gained the confidence of the community until it
now holds, in several of the Southern and Western States, the very first
rank as a plow. It is worthy of notice, as a proof of the enterprise of
this firm, that each year since it was first introduced they have been
obliged to double the number of plows made the preceding year. A few
months since Messrs. B. F. & D. H. Avery dissolved their firm and Mr. B.
F. Avery has now sole charge of the establishment. He has recently made
some valuable improvements upon his plow, which will make its utility
still more general. The new plow is found excellent for after-cultivation,
and in connection with the old one makes his stock of plows fully adequate
to every variety of American soil. Mr. B. F. Avery has spent some
twenty-five years in this species of manufacture, and his experience is
alone a proof of the value of his invention. His business, though already
very large, is growing rapidly every year.
EDWARD HOLBROOK,
MANUFACTURER OF
CHEWING TOBACCO,
CIGARS, &c.
No. 474 MAIN STREET.
This extensive tobacco factory, established some twelve years ago, is one
of the most important in the city. It was commenced at a time when
Kentucky manufactured tobacco found very little market in the cities of
the United States, but has grown with astonishing rapidity and vigor. Mr.
Holbrook is an old dealer in tobacco, and has acquired great sagacity in
the selection of the article suited to the various departments of
manufacture. His skill as a manufacturer is also worthy of notice. For
many years he has been employed in testing the value of the various
methods of producing the finest qualities of Chewing Tobacco, and has
added many valuable improvements to the ordinary methods of manufacturing
the article. By the industry and enterprise of this gentleman and his
fellow tobacconists, the Louisville-made article has driven entirely out
of market all the medium and lower brands of Virginia tobacco, and readily
competes with even the higher brands of this favorite manufacture. The
business of this factory is extended over a large surface of country. From
the Lakes at the North to New Orleans, this tobacco is not only rapidly
bought up, but is eagerly inquired for. Barker & Co., of Detroit, Mich.,
write to Mr. H.: "We have orders _daily_, which we cannot fill for want of
your tobacco." Preston & Bros., of Evansville, write: "This tobacco gives
good satisfaction." Twitty & Smith, of New Orleans, say: "We doubt not,
speedy satisfactory sales may be made of several hundred boxes by 1st of
September." Rawson, Wilby & Co., of Cincinnati, under date of June 7,
1852, write: "_We have a market for all the tobacco you can manufacture_."
Hundreds of similar letters could be shown from various points. These
however will be sufficient to establish the character of the article.
UNION FACTORY.
MUSSELMAN & CO.
MANUFACTURERS OF
CHEWING TOBACCO,
Sixth Street, near Main.
This is the oldest tobacco factory in the city, and was the first which
managed successfully to introduce this article. Previous to the
establishment of this factory, all descriptions of chewing tobacco were
brought from Virginia. Almost any other manufacturers would have sunk
under the distrust and ill-will evinced by dealers of every class against
this tobacco in the earliest years of its introduction. It was difficult
at first to persuade the dealers even to receive the article on
commission--and prodigious efforts were then required to overcome the
prejudice against western made tobacco. The gentlemen who are at the head
of the firm, however, fully persuaded of the value of their manufacture,
and knowing it needed only to be known to be appreciated, continued their
exertions, and finally succeeded in reaching the market. The results were
great beyond their expectation. In 1832, the first iron tobacco press was
brought by them to this city; ten years have elapsed, and nearly two
hundred presses are now in full operation. The Union Factory merited and
has received its full share of the benefit of this increase. The tobacco
made by them competes with the best Virginia article, and has completely
supplanted all the inferior qualities of that tobacco. The city dealers
are almost entirely supplied by this factory, and hundreds of boxes are
daily sent abroad. Their tobacco has found a market even in the distant
California. Several hundred boxes were recently shipped to that point by
the way of New York. A great revolution has been effected in this article
by these gentlemen, thousands of dollars have been added to the trade of
the city, and an entirely new market has been created by them. They have
not only richly merited the success which has awaited them, but they also
deserve much at the hands of the friends of the city for their sagacity
and enterprise in this regard.
J. F. BAST,
MANUFACTURER OF
FINE CIGARS,
SMOKING TOBACCOS
AND
SNUFFS,
Main Street, between Second and Third.
This is an old and well established firm, and one of those which have
risen to eminence from small beginnings. The manufacture of cigars, Mr.
Bast shares in common with some hundreds of others, though his
establishment is by far the largest in the city, but in the making of
snuff he is without a rival. The attention of this factory is principally
directed to the manufacture of the finer quality of cigars, though many
common cigars are made here. Mr. B. is himself an accomplished workman,
and his articles may be entirely depended upon. There are about three
millions of cigars made and sold here annually. The smoking tobacco from
this factory is eagerly sought for wherever it is known; its superior
quality and cheapness making a ready market for it wherever introduced.
Mr. B.'s manufacture of snuff also forms a large branch of this business.
The peculiar quality of this article consists in its entire adaptation to
every climate, and its capacity for withstanding the influences of time.
It may be transported everywhere, and kept for any length of time without
receiving injury. Mr. B.'s sales at wholesale are not confined merely to
the usual country trade; many of his articles find their way in large
quantities to the great cities, and many of his brands receive
distinguished preference in these places. Beside his own manufactured
articles Mr. B. imports choice pipes, snuff boxes, cigar cases, and
similar fancy articles. As a retailer, his store is celebrated as the
resort of all the connoisseurs in smoking, snuffing, and their various
equipments.
CHRISTOPHER & STANCLIFF,
MANUFACTURERS OF
RAIL ROAD CARS,
AND OF
SASH, BLINDS, DOORS, &C.
CORNER OE EIGHTH AND GREEN.
This factory was organized three years ago on a very extensive scale, with
a view to supplying the demand for Sashes, Doors, and other like articles
for the builder or the house carpenter. Since its commencement, however,
it has constantly increased both in the amount and variety of work, until
it has come to be one of the largest establishments in the city. Enormous
buildings have been put up at great expense, new machinery of various
kinds has been added to the original supply, experienced workmen have been
brought from the older cities, and everything has been effected which
could contribute to place the concern on an equality in point of capacity
with any similar establishment in the country. The manufacture of railroad
cars is a new department of the business; created by the growing necessity
for procuring such work at home. The cars made by these gentlemen have all
the new improvements known to the car builder, and are beautiful specimens
of handicraft. In this immense factory, the painter, the turner, the
blacksmith, the cabinet maker, the car builder, the upholsterer, and the
carpenter, all find employment at their various trades. All the screws,
nuts, &c., used in the factory, are made on the premises by machinery. The
gentlemen who compose the firm, are entirely competent to the management
of their diversified business, and great credit is due them for the
promptness and excellence with which they execute all descriptions of
their work.
J. N. BREEDEN & CO.
MANUFACTURERS OF
DOORS, BLINDS, SASH,
FLOORING
AND
DRESSED PLANK,
No. 622 MAIN STREET.
This large and well organized mill is well known to western builders. It
is one of those conveniences which are found only in large cities, where
the builder can find ready made to his hand all that is necessary for the
interior and exterior wood work of his house. Boards are taken from the
lumber yard, and by machinery planed and moulded into all the forms
necessary for the house carpenter, thus saving all the tedious hand labor,
and reducing the enormous expense which has attended the building of
houses. The majority of planing mills have never attempted more than the
preparation of work for cheap houses; but this establishment before us has
specimens of its manufacture in some of the finest residences in and about
the city. The proprietors of this mill are devoting much attention to the
finer departments of work, and their success is at once complete and
merited. The feeling which once existed against the work of the planing
mill, is rapidly disappearing before the exertions of these gentlemen;
they have supplied such large quantities of work of all sorts, and have so
entirely the confidence of the community, that their work is eagerly
sought after, and they are constantly full of orders. They employ about
seventy-five hands, and have machines, which plane about twenty-three
thousand feet of lumber per day. They also manufacture large quantities of
Packing Boxes, which they furnish to the stores at small prices. This
department of their business is of itself of considerable extent. Lumber
in the rough is also sold in large quantities.
BEN. F. CAWTHON,
MANUFACTURER OF
FURNITURE
AT
WHOLESALE,
Corner of Ninth, and Jefferson.
This establishment is among the largest factories of its class in the
western country. Although but a short time has elapsed since the
manufacture of furniture by machinery was adopted in this part of the
country, this factory has come to supply the wants of a great part of the
West. In factories of this sort the manufacture of the most elegant
classes of furniture is not attempted; attention being directed only to
the staples of the trade, in the production of which machinery can be used
to advantage. This machinery beautiful in its adaptation, and perfect in
its application, is well worthy of notice. There are comparatively few of
the operations of this establishment to which the machinery does not
apply. All the separate parts of each piece of furniture are got out by
machinery and cleaned up, veneered, and put together by hand workmen. Mr.
C. thoroughly comprehends the business which he pursues, and has entirely
the confidence of those with whom he has commercial relations. Large
quantities of lumber are kept upon the premises, so that all the wood used
in manufacture, is thoroughly seasoned; the workmen employed in the
factory are mechanics of the best order, and the establishment has a high
reputation for honesty and fair dealing, not only in the quality of work
but in the equality of prices. Mr. C. has a regular printed price current
by which he is governed, and according to which all dealers are equally
served. His trade extends over a great part of the West and South,
embracing the States of Kentucky, Indiana, Tennessee, Alabama,
Mississippi; Louisiana, Arkansas and Missouri. As will readily be seen, a
manufactory of this kind, so useful in its interests, and so large in its
extent, is of great importance to the city; bringing, as it does, large
amounts of money from other and distant points, and disbursing them at
home; as well as offering inducements to the immigration hither, (which
are and have been eagerly embraced,) of a valuable class of citizens.
JOHN M. STOKES,
MANUFACTURER OF ALL KINDS OF
CABINET
FURNITURE,
533 Main Street, between 2nd & 3rd.
The manufacture of furniture in large quantities and with the aid of
machinery has but lately been introduced into the western country, and
however it may have reduced the prices or extended the sale of the
articles so manufactured, it has by no means destroyed or even interfered
with the sale of articles manufactured by hand. Of the finer class of
furniture, of all those articles which are used merely as luxuries, as
well as of such as are required to stand the test of severe use, those
manufactured by hand are yet preferred; and the growing desire in the West
for the best articles of furniture has rendered the class of manufactures
under consideration of great value and importance. Louisville contains a
very large number of establishments for the manufacture of fine as well as
of durable and substantial common furniture. The largest of these and the
one best calculated to display this branch of business is the well-known
establishment of John M. Stokes, now in the 22d year of its existence.
There is scarcely a finely furnished parlor in Louisville or its vicinity,
scarcely an elegant steamer in the southern trade, that does not show the
capacity of this firm to rival any similar establishment in the country.
And while in some other branches of manufacture, Louisville may be
exceeded by other western cities, it is only fair to say, that a visit to
the immense establishment of Mr. Stokes will readily convince any one that
in this department of trade, Louisville cannot be exceeded either in
quality of work or in its price. Mr. S. has now in process of erection a
large four story building, where he purposes to add very considerably to
his already large manufacture.
ISAAC CROMIE,
MANUFACTURER OF
PRINTING PAPER,
NEWS, BOOK,
AND COLORED,
Mill, Main Street between Tenth and Eleventh,
Store, No. 477 Main St.
This is the largest Paper Mill in the Western country, and fully equal in
point of capacity and advantages with any in the Union. It was established
in 1846, and passed into the hands of its present proprietor in 1848. The
mill is furnished with every desirable improvement in the machinery used
for paper making; the building is very commodious and well arranged, and
is under the immediate supervision of Mr. Kellogg, a gentleman in every
way qualified for his office. It is in constant operation, night and day,
being lighted up by gas, which is also manufactured on the premises. This
mill has advantages over most western mills in the fact that an abundant
supply of rags is furnished in this market, that it is situated in a fine
hemp growing region, where this article can readily be procured, bleached
and reduced to the finest texture for strengthening paper; that this is an
admirable location for making shipments of the manufactured article, and
that the most excellent water is brought from wells on the premises in any
quantity which may be desired. A very large amount of capital is invested
in this establishment, and no expense has been spared in effecting every
improvement known to the paper maker, and the results of this outlay of
capital, and of the sagacity and enterprise of its proprietor are now
evident. Not only does this paper find a ready market, but orders have so
multiplied upon the factory that, even with the immense product, they have
been unable until lately to complete their contracts for delivery. The
stack for the furnace of this mill is 140 feet high, and can be seen from
all the avenues of approach to the city.
HAYES, CRAIG & CO.
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS
IN
HATS, CAPS,
STRAW GOODS, FURS, &C.
485 Main Street.
But a few years have elapsed since all the hats sold in this market were
the produce of eastern factories; and this department was not considered
of sufficient value to be detached from other branches of trade. In latter
years however, it has reached a position which makes it equal in
importance to most other branches. Western merchants are fully aware of
the value of Louisville as a market for hats, and even where many other
articles are purchased elsewhere, this market is always selected and
preferred by the buyer for his bill of hats.
Few firms have as rapidly grown into the favor and confidence of the
community as the one referred to above. They possess an enviable
reputation throughout the South and West, both as elegant manufacturers,
and as prompt and efficient men of business. Neither Beebe of New York,
nor Rousto of Paris, are better known or more prized as hatters by the
residents in the valley of the Mississippi. This is proven in the fact
that their sales at wholesale reach the amount of one hundred thousand
dollars, while their retail trade adds to this the sum of fifty thousand
dollars more. Their manufacture is chiefly confined to the finest quality
of hats. They employ from twenty-five to thirty hands.
This house also deals largely in furs, their purchases in this article
amount to about thirty-five thousand dollars annually. Their market for
these furs is found in London and Leipsie.
POLLARD, PRATHER & SMITH,
LATELY P. S. BARBER & CO.
MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN
HATS, CAPS, FURS,
AND
STRAW GOODS,
No. 455 MAIN STREET.
This establishment, the oldest in the city, also commands a very prominent
position in the western country. What has before been said with reference
to the hat business, applies equally well to this establishment. The
energy and promptness of this firm as manufacturers, the extended
character of their business relations, and the high position which they
occupy at home as well as abroad, have not only insured their own
prosperity beyond any usual contingency but have added to the fame, the
business and the resources of the city.
Some idea may be formed of the increase in this department of business,
when it is asserted that the sales of this house alone now reaches an
amount greatly beyond what five years ago were the entire sales of the
city. Hats made in Louisville always find the preference with western and
southern purchasers over those made elsewhere. Not only are the qualities
greatly superior, but the styles are far preferable; and for a similar
class of goods, the prices are equally as low as those of any other
market. In these remarks, reference is of course had to the best quality
of hats. There is no department of trade which has increased, and still
promises to increase more rapidly than this.
The purchase and export of furs and peltries is also extensively carried
on by this house.
The two examples of this business given in this volume will bear favorable
comparison with any other hat houses in the West; if indeed they do not
surpass all their compeers.
NEEDHAM'S
MARBLE SHOP
AND
WARE ROOMS,
Jefferson St. between 3rd & 4th, North Side.
This establishment has been in permanent and successful operation for the
last seventeen years, and is, we believe, the oldest one of the kind in
the city. The greater portion of the marble used; is imported directly
from Italy in the block, via New Orleans. The foreign and domestic marble
business has been a rapidly increasing one from the period of its first
introduction, and our workmen have readily availed themselves of all the
improved manufacturing processes. They are therefore prepared to furnish
all articles in their line at as low a price, as the same articles can be
furnished at any point in the West. Fine articles of manufactured marble
are now _cheaper in the city of Louisville than in the city of London_.
At Needham's Marble Warerooms may be found a well arranged stock of marble
Mantles, varying in price from twenty-five to one hundred and fifty
dollars. They are made of Italian, Egyptian, Irish, and the Sienna
marbles. He also makes to order the various descriptions of furniture
marble work.
In the department of monuments, tombs, tablets, and general cemetery work,
his stock and designs are said to be the largest in the West. All work
sent from the city is carefully packed, and warranted free from breakage.
The aim and object of the proprietor is to establish a permanent business
by doing good work at moderate prices.
HUGH WILKINS,
MANUFACTURER OF
MATTRASSES, CARPETS,
CURTAINS, FLAGS
And all articles appertaining to the business of the
UPHOLSTERER,
Wall Street, four doors below Main.
In Louisville, the business of upholsterer is one of great importance. The
large number of steamboats which are built and furnished at this point
gives a great deal of work in this department of manufacture. The
reputation of this city as an admirable place for procuring articles of
this description has attracted much trade from other points. The factory
of Mr. Wilkins, now in the twelfth year of its existence, is one of the
best and most favorably known in Louisville and in the West. It is perhaps
more in this than in any other department of manufacture that the
purchaser is compelled to depend on the honesty as well as the taste and
judgment of the workman. The reputation of this factory is a sure
guarantee for the first of these qualities, and the many specimens of work
to be seen all over the city and in most of our steamboats, will readily
establish the other. A very large trade has been built up for this concern
by the fidelity and carefulness of its proprietor. The whole interior
fitting of steamboats and houses is undertaken here. Beds, carpets and
curtains of all descriptions and qualities are made and fitted up in a
style of superior excellence. The spring-mattrasses made at this factory
have a wide spread and deservedly great reputation. Some of those
mattrasses have not only been used during the life of one boat, but have
been removed from one steamer to its successor several times. The use of
spring mattrasses on steamers is probably the severest test to which they
can be subjected.
METCALFE'S BREWERY.
METCALFE & GRAINGER,
MANUFACTURERS OF
ALE, BEER, PORTER,
AND
BROWN STOUT.
Market Street, between Sixth and Seventh.
This brewery, organized in 1832, is the oldest in the city, and is equal
in point of size and capacity to any in the West. The long practice in
this manufacture which the senior partner of this firm has had, and the
well-known reputation of the establishment are sufficient proofs of the
quality of articles manufactured here. Situated in the centre of a
splendid grain market, with water equal to any in the world, and with
thoroughly practiced and competent workmen, the Louisville Ales, Beer,
Brown-Stout, &c., cannot be anywhere surpassed. The Brown-Stout from
Metcalfe's Brewery is fully equal in every respect to the London article;
and the experiment of placing it, in Byass' bottles, before the best
connoisseurs has been frequently attempted, and always with success. It
has, however, a reputation of its own and does not therefore need a
foreign stamp to make it currently received. Beside furnishing the
interior of most of the western States, Messrs. M. & G. find a very
extended and ready market for articles of their manufacture in the larger
cities. Memphis and St. Louis receive and sell large quantities of these
articles, and scarcely a boat leaves for the Tennessee or Cumberland
rivers without having among her freight more or less of the products of
this brewery. Cards announcing the presence of these articles for sale are
every where shown out as inducements to the lovers of these delightful
beverages. In Louisville the brewings of Messrs. M. & G. are highly valued
by all.
CLARK BRADLEY,
MANUFACTURER OF
COACHES, CARRIAGES,
BUGGIES, &C.
Main Street, between Brook and First.
The manufacture of carriages is not carried on as extensively by any
single firm in the West as in the East. The business is however one
embracing a large amount of capital, but the number of manufactories
prevents any single house from doing a very large amount of work. Carriage
building in Louisville has, however, recently partaken of the impulse
which has been given to every department of manufactures. There are fully
three times as many carriages built in Louisville now, as there were three
years ago. The smaller establishments in the interior places have been
obliged to resign to the superior quality and price of Louisville work.
There is no city in the Union where there are so many private vehicles
used, in proportion to the population, as in Louisville. This fact has led
to the endeavor on the part of carriage makers here to compete with
foreign workmen. And with the single exception of heavy carriages,
Louisville builders are at any time ready to furnish carriages at the same
price as they can be had in the East.
Mr. Bradley's establishment will afford a very fair example of this
business. It is one of the oldest in the city, and has a fine reputation.
The quality of work manufactured here cannot be surpassed, and Mr. B.'s
thorough knowledge, long experience, and personal attention to his
business, have done credit to him, and tended to advance the interests of
this business in the city. His sales extend to Kentucky, Tennessee, North
Alabama, Arkansas, and even to Mississippi and Louisiana. Fully one third
of the sales of this factory are made out of the State. Mr. Bradley
employs about twenty hands, who receive about ten thousand dollars
annually. His sales amount to about thirty thousand dollars. The value of
this as a market for this species of manufacture, is fast beginning to be
felt: and it cannot be doubted that it will become ere long the very best
market of the country.
BAKER & RUBEL,
MANUFACTURERS OF
CARRIAGES, ROCKAWAYS,
BUGGIES, &C.
No. 650 Main Street.
This manufactory, though not so old as many of our carriage shops, is
still one deserving especial notice. The proprietors are themselves
constantly employed in the details of their work, and the result of their
knowledge, attention and experience is plainly observable in the work
which proceeds from their establishment. They possess the entire
confidence of the community, and, for the short time they have been
employed in their business, have been in every way very successful
workmen. Although the greater part of their sales are made in and around
the city, they yet send their carriages over a large part of the southern
and south-western States. It is idle for western and southern buyers any
longer to indulge the foolish opinion, that better, more durable, or more
elegant carriages can be bought in the eastern markets, than can be had at
home. Such an opinion was held until recently in regard to fine furniture,
but that has disappeared under the earnest endeavor of Louisville
manufacturers, and it is time for western purchasers to learn to depend on
their own workmen for supplies of every sort. Messrs. B. & R. have now in
their establishment carriages of all sorts which will favorably compare in
point of elegance with those made in any part of the Union, and will far
exceed any others in point of durability. This matter is one deserving the
attention of carriage buyers, and if they can only be persuaded to make a
trial of Louisville work, the fame of the city in this regard will be
easily established.
DR. JOHN BULL,
MANUFACTURER OF THE
FLUID EXTRACT
OF
SARSAPARILLA.
Office on 5th Street, below Main.
Dr. John Bull has used in the manufacture of his Sarsaparilla within the
last year 3,648 gross of bottles, 27,744 packing boxes at a cost of $6,885
50, and affords constant employment to about 55 hands. Amount of sales for
the year ending this date, $255,700 90. Dr. Bull commenced the manufacture
of this article exclusively about five years since, and the full amount of
sales at that time was about $5,500, which amount was entirely consumed in
advertising and printing of various kinds. The second year sales about
$38,600. Third year, $89,200 50. Fourth year, $157,030 70. Fifth year,
$255,700 90, as per above statement. The demand for his Sarsaparilla is
greater now than it has been at any time previously, and its reputation is
becoming more extended. He has received large orders from California, New
Mexico, and the island of Cuba. Wherever it has been tried, the sales of
it have increased, which is a sufficient guarrantee of its efficacy and
standing in all places where it has been introduced.
THOMAS WILLIAMS & Co.
GAS FITTERS,
AND
PLUMBERS,
No. 462 MARKET STREET.
This establishment is the only one of the kind in the city, and since its
commencement a little more than a year ago, it has rapidly grown into
favor. Few persons are perhaps aware of the fact that all those minor
elegancies and luxuries which follow the establishment of water works in a
city can be procured and put in operation by this firm as readily and
completely, as in cities ever so abundantly supplied with water. Water
closets, bath houses, wash basins, pumps, boilers, and all the
appurtenances of an elegant mansion are here manufactured and furnished in
complete order. Most of the residences built since the existence of this
firm, have taken advantage of these furnishings, and many of the older
dwellings have added a part at least of these conveniences. These
gentlemen also import a great variety of gas fixtures of all descriptions,
as well as wrought iron welded tubes for steam, gas and water, which they
put up in a superior style. They also manufacture brass work of all the
lighter descriptions. The Beer-Pumps which are seen upon the counters of
our coffee houses, are also from this factory. These pumps are of a very
superior quality, and are exported from the city in large quantities.
Steamboat plumber's work also forms an important part of this business.
The well-known steamer Eclipse was furnished from this establishment. All
the work done by this firm is of the very best quality. These gentlemen
are thorough and accomplished workmen, and attend in person to the details
of their business. There are few plumbing establishments in this country
with which this will not bear favorable comparison.
MILNE & BRUDER.
LITHOGRAPHERS,
No. 44 Third Street.
Lithographic printing is a very important branch of the Art, and one in
which excellence is rarely attained. It is applicable to a very great
variety of work, and hence is worthy of much consideration. Few persons
are probably aware of the utility of the art referred to. Maps,
landscapes, cards, bill heads, labels, drawings for the Patent Office,
anatomical plates, and in fine all the work of the ordinary printer as
well as of the draftsman and of the engraver, can be executed by the
lithographer. To do all these things well, an office requires to be
thoroughly organized, to possess artists of ability, and to be in the
hands of men of artistic taste as well as of business capacity. In all
these respects, the office of Messrs. Milne & Bruder is complete. In all
those classes of work which come within their province, these gentlemen
enjoy a high reputation. Prompt and efficient in their business relations,
tasteful and artistic in the execution of the work entrusted to them, they
are enabled to command a large amount of patronage, not only in
Louisville, but all over the West and South. The new map of Kentucky
lately issued from their press, is of itself a sufficient guarantee for
the character of the work executed at this establishment. This map is the
best ever published, and its authenticity is in no whit inferior to its
mere artistic excellence. It is steadily growing into public favor, and is
deservedly appreciated wherever it is known. There is no lithographic
establishment in the West, which can and does execute a greater variety or
a better quality of work than that under consideration.
G. W. BRAINARD & CO.
PUBLISHERS OF
SHEET MUSIC.
AND DEALERS IN EVERY DESCRIPTION OF
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS,
AGENTS FOR
JONAS CHICKERING'S
PIANO-FORTES.
No. 117 Fourth Street, Mozart Hall.
But little more than a year has elapsed since the publication of sheet
music was begun by this firm. Their catalogue however already embraces a
large number and a great variety of excellent music. The success of their
publishing house is by the practical talent and fine taste of the
proprietors, already placed beyond a contingency of failure, and only
needs the necessary lapse of time to become complete. As is well known,
Louisville numbers a great many accomplished musicians and musical
amateurs among her population. There is perhaps no other American city of
equal size where this art is so much cultivated and so high in favor with
the whole people. Music publishing, the necessary consequence of this
state of affairs, becomes therefore an important branch of business.
Messrs. B. & Co. are high in favor with our musical people, have published
a good deal of Louisville composition, and are rapidly finding a large
market abroad as well as at home for their production. These gentlemen are
also agents for Chickering's celebrated Pianos, as well as for other
favorite brands. Their attention is also particularly directed to
supplying Brass Instruments for bands. And they offer excellent security
for the quality of the articles which they keep. As a music store, their
establishment is a favorite resort with the amateurs of this delightful
art.
PETERS, WEBB & CO.
Publishers of Music,
Main Street, bet. 2d and 3d, Opposite Bank of Ky.
PETERS, CRAGG & CO.
MANUFACTURERS OF
PIANO FORTES,
Main Street, between Thirteenth and Fourteenth.
J. WEKERLE & CO.
ORGAN MANUFACTURERS.
The publishing house of Peters, Webb & Co., perhaps the oldest
establishment of the kind, and certainly the most favorably known in the
West, employs one title engraver, three music engravers, and about six
printers. They keep three copper-plate presses constantly employed, and
issue from seven to ten thousand pages of music per week.
The piano-forte manufactory of Peters, Cragg & Co., was organized only a
few years ago, but its success has been so constant and rapid, that they
are not now able to supply the demand for their instruments. They have
embarked a very large capital in this business, and are now erecting a
large three story factory on Main Street, where they will be enabled to do
a still greater amount of work. They are prepared with all the most recent
useful improvements in manufacture and will employ in their new factory
about thirty hands. This firm is ready at any moment to duplicate any bill
of wholesale prices, which may be had from any respectable eastern house,
either in sheet music or pianos.
P. W. & Co., in company with J. Wekerle, a practical organ builder,
commenced the manufacture of these instruments in Louisville a little less
than three years ago, since which time they have built several instruments
for western churches, in Louisville and elsewhere. These have been
pronounced by competent judges equal to any made in the country. Five
workmen are constantly employed in this department.
CHARLES DUFFIELD & CO.'S
HAM CURING ESTABLISHMENT,
Water Street, between 5th and 6th, Entrance on 6th.
This is the largest establishment exclusively devoted to the curing of
hams, not only in the United States, but in the world. The buildings are
of brick and are three stories in height. The curing-house is 66 feet wide
and 350 feet long, embracing over 52,000 square feet of floor. The smoking
house is 35 feet in width by 65 in length, and will hold 40,000 hams at
one smoking. One to two hundred thousand hams are cured here in one
season, and thirty to fifty men are employed nearly six months in the year
in preparing the hams for market and summer keeping. The details of the
curing process are not made public.
Mr. Duffield was the _first_ to establish and make permanent the business
of ham curing, as a separate and distinct branch of the provision trade,
which he did by _persevering_ in making fine hams for years without
profit--and he has thus became the PIONEER in giving character to our
western hams, which now stand unequalled in the markets of the United
States. It is to this perseverance that we are indebted for all the fine
hams, by whomsoever cured, that now fill our markets.
Mr. Duffield was the _first_ to cure in Cincinnati, in 1835, as many as
20,000 hams, and from this _beginning_, the business is believed to have
now reached the grand aggregate of from six to eight hundred thousand
hams, cured in an _extra_ style, in all the western cities. Mr. D.'s hams,
however, still stand pre-eminent. The demand for them increases yearly.
His brand is, "DUFFIELD'S AMERICAN WESTPHALIA HAMS." The reason for the
term "American Westphalia" is contained in the fact, that the only hams
celebrated in the United States markets, when Mr. D. commenced curing,
were those imported from Westphalia, in Germany, (which were then and
still are sold at 25 and 30 cents per pound,) hence the propriety and
boldness of the term "_American_ Westphalia." It is certain that Mr.
Duffield's cure will not be found _inferior_ to the best _imported_ from
Westphalia, and will not cost the consumer one-half the price of that
article.
The following list of diplomas, medals, &c., which have been awarded at
different times to the hams cured by Mr. Duffield, will corroborate this
opinion. By Ohio Mechanics' Institute, in 1844; by Hamilton County
Agricultural Society, in 1846; by Ohio State Fair, held in Cincinnati, in
1850; by The London Industrial Exhibition, and World's Fair Prize Medal,
in 1850. We are proud of Mr. D.'s reputation, and glad to be able to say
that Louisville has _the largest ham curing establishment in the world_.
A. McBRIDE,
MANUFACTURER OF
PLANES AND EDGE TOOLS,
No. 69 Third Street.
The manufacture of Planes and Edge-Tools in Louisville is not and has not
been considered a very prominent branch of trade. It is well known that
the skillful manufacture of these articles has long been a difficulty hard
to overcome. Mr. McBride, who has been a practical workman with the plane,
has successfully combatted all the difficulties in the way of producing a
perfect article. Wherever the tools from this factory have been used, they
have achieved that most difficult of results, the entire approbation of
the mechanic. Mr. B.'s business is one of those the steady growth of which
indicates real merit and ultimate success. Every article produced is made
by the hands of skillful workmen, and under the immediate eye of the
proprietor; hence all may be sure of procuring a far more valuable article
than can be had from the steam factories. Mr. McBride has in addition to
his manufactory, a fine stock of Hardware and Cutlery.
HENRY HUNTER,
GLASS CUTTING ESTABLISHMENT,
No. 69 Third Street.
This useful establishment is one of those minor factories which are
indispensible to a great city. Necessary of small extent as compared with
many other branches of manufacture, it is yet an important and useful
concern. Mr. Hunter is the foreman of his own factory, and is a thorough
and accomplished workman. It is at his shop that those elegant cuttings on
tinted and white glass, which adorn the windows of our southern
steamboats, and add so much to their magnificence, are done. In this
department of his business he is without a rival in the city and, it is
believed, in the West. Beside this, Mr. H. is a fitter of glasses for
jeweller's work, such as rings, breast-pins, miniatures, &c. He also
replaces parts of broken sets of glass and performs, in a superior manner,
all the work done at the glass cutters. A good stock of cut glass-ware is
also to be found at this factory.
KENTUCKY LOCK FACTORY.
HARIG & STOY,
MANUFACTURERS OF
SAFE, BANK, VAULT, JAIL AND DOOR LOCKS.
No. 97 Third Street.
The Kentucky Lock Factory is another establishment deserving especial
notice. The work made at this factory is surpassed in quality by none in
the West. Locks of every description from those of the prison, the Bank
and the safe, to the smallest mortise latch, are manufactured with equal
care and fidelity. The Fire-Proof Safe, which has a well established
reputation everywhere, is also made here. Iron doors and frames for bank
vaults and prisons us well as sliding door locks and trimmings also form a
part of the daily work of the factory. This concern, under the charge of
Mr. Aug. C. Harig has for a long time enjoyed the confidence and patronage
of this community, and it will doubtless, under its present management,
continue to increase in public favor. In addition to articles of their own
manufacture, Messrs. H. & S. offer for sale an excellent assortment of
Builders Hardware.
A. TIENSCH,
Manufacturer of Mathematical and Philosophical Instruments,
NO. 97 THIRD STREET.
In the same building with the factory noticed above, may be found the
instrument shop of Mr. Tiensch. In this exceedingly complex and scientific
manufacture, this gentleman is very eminent. The most delicate
manipulations of his art are performed by him with singular accuracy and
facility. Manufactories of this kind are rare in the American cities, nor
is the demand for these articles very great. Mr. T. is therefore able to
furnish the proceeds of his manufacture to buyers who are scattered ever a
large surface of country. He keeps on hand a stock of the instruments in
most common use and is thoroughly competent to the successful manufacture
of any article in his line which may be desired by the scientific man. His
factory will doubtless grow with the growing wants for articles of this
description in this great city. The curious in such matters will find his
shop well worthy of a visit.
HULL & BROTHER,
Book & Job Printers, Binders,
AND PUBLISHERS,
83 & 85 Fourth Street, between Main and Market.
This firm commenced business in this city in the year 1844. It has
gradually grown, from a small beginning, until it stands second to no
establishment in the West, either for facilities or workmanship. Although
its principal business is that of Book, and the finer kinds of Job
Printing, yet at this office are issued two weekly papers, and three
monthly periodicals--making an average of over _ten thousand periodicals
weekly_.
The Proprietors being both practical men, (having been all their lives
engaged in the business, and understanding thoroughly every department of
it,) they have been enabled to carry the Art of Printing to a perfection
that would surprise and astonish the spirits of Faust and Guttemberg, were
they to arise from their graves, as much as it pleases and attracts the
lovers of the beautiful of the present day.
In connection with this establishment there is a well assorted Bindery,
under the direction of Mr. J. A. IRWIN, who, in this department, is
connected with the Messrs. Hull. He also is a practical workman, well
acquainted with every part of his business.
Every branch and variety of the business is here carried on. From the
mill, the paper passes to the wetting trough, thence to the printing
press; from the press to the drying boards, then into the hands of the
Folder, and so successively, to the Forwarder, the Embosser, and the
Finisher, until the perfect book is produced.
The Messrs H. employ about forty hands in their Establishment and are
supplied, both in their Printing and Binding departments, with the very
best materials and machinery that have been invented.
Altogether it is an Establishment that does credit to our city, and gives
additional evidence of its increasing prosperity.
FOOTNOTES:
[1] Campbell had been taken prisoner by the British and Indians and was
then in captivity in Canada.
[2] MARSHALL, Vol. I, p. 104.
[3] Directory for 1832.
[4] Western Review for January, 1830.
[5] This incident is by some accredited to William Creasy, a bargeman of
the James River.
[6] Morgan Neville, in Western Souvenir for 1829.
[7] PERKINS' Annals, pp. 280 to 282.
[8] John A. McClung in Collins' Kentucky, p. 57.
[9] This statement is given on the authority of Major Quirey's own son.
[10] This prediction, as is well known, has been verified.
[11] This gentleman was one among the most distinguished of the early
citizens of Louisville. His untiring energy, his inflexible honesty of
purpose, and his fine mental ability, all contributed to render him
conspicuous in every position to which he was called. An excellent epitome
of his character is contained in a remark made by him upon the occasion of
his resignation of the Presidency of the Bank referred to. The directory
of the Bank having determined to stop payment, Mr. Prather resigned his
seat with these memorable words:--"I can preside over no institution which
fails to meet its engagements promptly and to the letter." Mr. Prather was
long connected in business with Mr. John I. Jacob, whose recent death has
been so much deplored; and the firm of Prather & Jacob is one of the best
and most favorably known among the early merchants of this city.
[12] This census does not include the residents in Preston's or Campbell's
enlargements, nor does it refer either to Portland or Shippingport.
[13] This is extracted from Mr. Maum Butler's account of the Canal.
[14] Gallagher's Review of Amelia in the Hesperian for 1839.
[15] This hope is now destined never to be gratified, for, since the above
was written, this accomplished poetess and estimable woman has been called
away to join her voice with the angelic choir, whose harmonies are the
delight and the glory of the celestial world. On a bright May morning,
such as her own songs have taught us to love, when the earth was redolent
of beauty, and the flowers were sending up to heaven the incense of their
perfumes, when all rejoicing nature was pouring out its mourning orison to
its Creator, the angels sent by her Heavenly Father, came and bore her
spirit to its home in the skies. And so
"She has passed like a bird from the minstrel throng,
She has gone to the land where the lovely belong."
[16] Haldeman's Directory for 1844-5.
[17] These gentlemen having recently resigned, the chairs so vacated are
now occupied by Drs. Palmer and Austin Flint, of Buffalo, N. Y.
[18] "In this year, a line of 46 hhds brought $3,390 84, averaging $73 73
per hhd. The crop was short, and speculation ran high. Dealers in the
article were heavy losers."--_Directory for 1845._
[19] Most of the machinists are connected with the foundries.
[20] This does not include all steamboat builders.
[21] Most of the turners are connected with various factories.
[22] From "Louisville and the Elements of her Prosperity," by H. Smith,
Esq., in the Louisville Journal.
[23] Speculation in city lots ran very high at this time, and property
bore an enormous fictitious value. As will be remembered, this feeling was
not confined to Louisville, but was prevalent all over the western
country. This was the era of speculations in western town lots, an era
which will not be recalled with pleasure by most western men.